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Motorcycle accidents increase due to high speed and traffic congestion. Riding motorcycles without wearing helmet is violating the rules and it may endanger the person's life. This paper aims to detect the motorcyclist failing to wear helmet and to recognize the vehicle license plate to display the number. The system is implemented using convention neural network (CNN) with you look only once (YOLO) architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing the use of motorized vehicles is one way to realize an environmental city and reduce congestion in Padang city. Bicycles are the proper transportation means to realize that. This study aims to determine the level of need for bicycle lanes. The study results can be used as input to stakeholders in Padang City regarding implementation of bicycle lanes on several roads in Padang City. This research was conducted at three street locations in Padang city, including Khatib Sulaiman Street, Samudera Street, and Jalan Hayam Wuruk Street. These three locations were chosen because they have different characteristics. The primary data in the study were geometric road data, traffic volume/flow data, vehicle speed data, and road pavement conditions. The road class study refers to Government Regulation (PP) no. 34/2006 concerning Roads. The type of bicycle lane used refers to the bicycle lane design criteria from the Center for Road and Bridge Research and Development (PUSJATAN), namely the bicycle lane on the road, both exclusive and inclusive. Data were analyzed using the Bicycle Level of Service (BLOS) method. Based on the analysis of the demand level for bicycle lanes by using the Bicycle Level of Service (BLOS) method, Khatib Sulaiman Street is unsuitable for bicycle lanes on the road carriageway because it is ineffective and unsafe for cyclists. The factors that caused Khatib Sulaiman Street to be less suitable for bicycle lanes on road carriageways were high vehicle speeds and high traffic volume/flow. Samudera Street is ideal for a bicycle lane on the carriageway because the environment is suitable for cyclists. The factors that make Samudera Street suitable for a bike lane are low vehicle speed and medium traffic volume/flow. Hayam Wuruk Street is suitable for a bicycle lane on a road carriageway because it is safe and good for cyclists. The factors that make Hayam Wuruk Street suitable for cyclists are low vehicle speed and low traffic volume/flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present various under-rail designs made from different materials are used on railways worldwide. As the national requirements for railways are becoming stricter due to growing traffic speeds, axle loads, and loading, the improvement of under-rail structures and materials in relation to these requirements is an urgent task. The study presents an analytical review of literature data on the types of railway track substructures and track structure materials used in Europe and worldwide, features of construction and production technology of wooden, glued timber, reinforced concrete, metal, composite sleepers, their standardized characteristics (strength, frost resistance, cracking resistance, durability, electrical resistance) and test methods for their determination, peculiarities of interaction with ballast. The analytical review shows that many disadvantages of concrete sleepers reinforced with composite reinforcement can be overcome. Their advantages include high corrosion resistance of the reinforcement, which allows a rational approach to the assignment and provision of crack resistance of sleepers. An analysis of the mechanism of electric current flow through a concrete sleeper was carried out. It was shown that replacement of steel wire reinforcement with non-electric composite reinforcement will make it possible to increase the electric strength of a sleeper, to reduce the current flows and electrical corrosive phenomena even for the operation of a sleeper with cracks. As a result of the calculations and analysis of the stress-strain state of sleepers performed using the finite element method, it was found that sleepers reinforced with steel wire and composite reinforcement are subject to the same compressive strength. Reducing the pre-stressing force of the composite reinforcement even to the point of being completely eliminated leads to an increase in tensioning forces and cracked sleepers, but does not lead to concrete crumbling in the stiffened areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An increase in the number of vehicles, as well as an increase in speed and traffic intensity, make the problem of road safety even more topical issue. The main indicator of good adhesion of the wheel to the road surface is the adhesion coefficient, which affects the stability and handling of the car. The article examines the conditions that affect the value of the coefficient of adhesion of tires to the road surface. The studies were conducted with a variety of vehicles with and without an antiblock braking system (ABS), as well as for summer and winter tires on dry and wet asphalt and concrete surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research presents a microscopic traffic simulation model-based approach to evaluate the performance of bus operations where data about the operation is limited. Automated model development and calibration process using SUMO is proposed to quickly incorporate changes to the network and demand into the model development and calibration process. Traffic counts and speed information from previously published sources were used to develop and calibrate the model. Dwell times of buses were generated using appropriate distributions. One of the major arterial corridors in Colombo, Sri Lanka, was used to test the developed methodology. Currently, no method (e.g., GPS) is available to capture the actual operating speeds of buses in this corridor. The simulation platform was used to understand the speed variations of buses in two corridor sections during the morning peak period. The results show that the busses operate at moderate speeds (Section 1: 17.96 kmph ± 4.94, Section 2: 22.53 kmph ± 5.33). This simulation platform is intended to develop further to assess the impact on bus operations arising from different traffic management interventions, such as bus priority measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the problem of train traffic stability in the event of failures in the railway transport operation. The authors analyze the importance of continued railway transport operation and its impact on the country's economic activity. An analogy with road transport is applied and methods are used to study the stability of a section of a railway line. The methodology is supported by empirical research. Data collection was carried out and analysis of the movement of 478 trains following each other on a certain section was made. The following dependence graphs are presented: train speed on the traffic density and the freight turnover on the traffic density. The tendencies during the section operation are revealed and an option of regulating the trains' arrival and their movement on the section under conditions of the section congestion is proposed. The results of this work can serve as a prerequisite for further study of the problem of phantom traffic jams in railway transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of the project is to detect the driver drowsiness level, Traffic sign detection, Alcohol consumption detection, Accident occurred information detection and to control the vehicle using the above parameters as input with help of yolo machine learning algorithm. Opencv, Keras, Tensor flow libraries and CNN model are the additional support technique used to detect and control the vehicle. According to the government rule the vehicle should follow the traffic sign boards but many of us are not considering it and drunk and drive is also a major issue. So by making it automatic detection system the accidents can be reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although much research on traffic noise has found that increased noise level is affected by driver behavior and source and receiver distance, pay little attention to the relationship between traffic road noise level and other factors affecting it, including traffic characteristics and fixable pavement conditions. Therefore, this research aims to establish a mathematical relationship to know the sensitivity (magnitude) to noise intensity (Ln) with traffic characteristics for the flexible pavement surface, which includes vehicle speed (S), traffic volume (V), and pavement condition index (PCI) In the center of Najaf Governorate. This study measured noise level (Ln) for three hours during peak and off-peak hours on three types of highway classifications (Minor arterials, Minor, and collectors). At the same time, the number of vehicles (V) passing through the measurement point every 5 minutes counting, and their speed (S) records for each of the mentioned Highway sections with length (200-250 m) and for each value (PCI) which determined using the Manual method and Beaver software. Analysis and filtering perform using the statistical processes of regression analysis. The result was a relationship between these variables where (R2)=0.95. This equation can be applied to the six categories of road condition index (good, satisfactory, fair, poor, very poor, and dangerous) and for three asphalt highway classifications (Minor arterials, Minor, and collectors) of different traffic volume and speeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noise on the road is inevitable due to the increased number of vehicles on the highway. It also recognizes that noise is affected by several factors, including the pavement condition index (PCI), vehicular traffic flow, and vehicle speed, as the sounds of vehicles are noise sources. This study aims to know the effect of traffic flow and vehicle speed on the noise level generated in the open area depending on the PCI value. From the result of the analysis, it is clear that the traffic flow has a strong correlation level as a noise source with different values of the PCI and the noise levels seem to decrease with the increase in the PCI value and the vehicle speed. The noise is 80.4 dB when the PCI value is 86, while its highest value is 83 dB with the PCI value of 77. Finally, the highest noise level value was 82.3 dB when the PCI value was 65. Thus, it can be determined that the higher the value of PCI of the road, the lower the noise with volumes of static traffic and vice versa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work focuses on how permissive left-turn movements at malty types of intersections and maneuvers effect on the behavior of gap acceptance of driver. The gap length, the driver is on his way time in figuring about a gap that is acceptable, and necessary Travel time is required to resolve the conflict were all used to describe the effect of some independent variables on traffic modeling that represent a useful tool for evaluating suggested traffic-improvement alternatives before implementing them in real-world settings. To improve traffic safety, humps in the road were recently installed in Iraq prior to combining locations and parts of U-turns. Statistical analysis is a useful tool for weighing the pros and cons of various options to improve traffic situation before applying them in real locations. The previous studies showed with increasing traffic volume and speeds at highways, the time spent values increase. Gap acceptance behavior analysis of traffic facilities is primarily based on gap and lag availability and frequency. Furthermore, estimation of critical gap constitutes the first step in the process. Current Several strategies for estimating the crucial gap are discussed in this work. At different highway facilities. Most of the methods gave the mean critical gap values. Some of these methods are computationally simpler, while other can be solved only by the use of a computer. Statistical analysis aimed to use as quantify accuracy of a vital void estimated by various methods. In view point of the consistency and accuracy in prediction, this paper suggests trying statistical approaches for the assessment of major gaps and gap acceptance. According to prior literatures in face and available tools on other faces, the study seeks to establish an appropriate methodology for figuring out a model for gap accepting behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents the results of a multivariate calculation of the stresses in rails from locomotive on straight track sections. As far as Ukrainian Railways plan to introduce high-speed traffic on some main lines, authors selected locomotives of foreign manufacture with design speeds from 200 to 260 km/h for their study. The calculation was made in Mathcad and based on the Ukrainian Standards now in place at track facilities. It is found that the maximum stresses in the lateral side of rail head and rail base occur during summer, therefore this parameter can be considered as the most important in terms of speed limitation for the calculation conditions. The results obtained can also demonstrate that at traffic speeds exceeding 160 km/h the rails R65 on straight sections should be thermally treated, as at speeds over 140 km/h the value of stresses in the lateral side of rail base exceed the allowable level for rails without thermal treatment. For such rails the values of stresses do not exceed the allowable values for all types of locomotives moving at the design speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study deals with estimation of the stress state of rail track structural elements from rapid (high-speed) electric trains, which are going to be introduced on some rail sections in Ukraine. The calculation is based on the technique presented in the Rules for Calculation of Rail Track for Strength and Stability. The characteristics of the most frequently used rail track structures on Ukrainian Railways were taken as the input data. It is found that all types of electric trains under consideration can operate at speeds over 160 km/h on straight sections of thermally treated continuous welded rails P65 with intermediate rail fasteners KPP-5, on reinforced concrete sleepers with a sleeper density of 1840 units per km on the 40-cm crushed-stone ballast. The values of stresses in the lateral side of the rail base can be considered as the factor which impacts (sometimes limits) the traffic speed on the rail track. The values of other stresses (in the lateral side of the rail head, under the pad of the sleeper, in the ballast, and on the supporting subgrade) do not exceed the allowable values for all speed ranges under calculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper the cancellation phenomenon in bridge beams influenced by high traffic speed on high-speed railroads is discussed. The Euler-Bernoully beams model in combination with partial equations for beams and ordinary equations for a train were used. Multiple intermediate resonance which may occur in case of active vibration control makes the cancellation phenomenon not only useless but even harmful because of different speed of trains. Nevertheless, the computer simulation does not detect the multiple resonance at the speed value that is predicted by train signature method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article shows results of field studies of tram-traffic-speed performance carried out to assess tram trip efficiency in the city of Ekaterinburg. It considers core problems caused by lack of priority to public transit traffic in general, and tram traffic in particular. The study covers the up-to-date foreign and domestic experience in using the systems providing priority to public transit vehicles. It includes proposals to increase speed rates and the expected outcome from the proposed measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We presented in-depth Multi-task Learning Gated Repetitive Units (MTLGRU)- to improve the forecast of traffic flow and speed determination. Include building is offered to choose the most enlightening highlights for the estimating to boost the execution of the Gated Recurrent Unit. Then, quantitatively, based on real-world datasets, and using Gated Recurrent Unitcan accurately gauge both the activity stream and the speed of the activity at the same time, and outperforms other techniques. Furthermore, tests demonstrate that the deep learning-based GRU show may overcome the bottleneck created by expanding preparation datasets and continue to reap benefits. There are also numerous models that are used to forecast traffic flow. However, the majority of the models are inaccurate in their predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a model of coordination of interests of business chain participants in the system of high-speed traffic, which allows to satisfy the needs of the consumer of the first level (passengers), the consumer of the second level (customer company) and the consumer of the third level (transport engineering enterprise). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes a new approach to determining the parameters of traffic control on the contour of city highways and streets. This improves control efficiency by minimizing the total travel time on a network and reducing environmental pollution. To determine the control parameters along the contour of the highways, simulation modeling was carried out. It consists of sequential stages: construction of a geoinformation model of the contour of city highways and streets; determination of the contour of city highways and streets; determination of the parameters of the traffic light control cycle; determination of the redistribution of excess travel time in directions at intersections; determination of the balance of the regulation cycle; determination of the phase shift of traffic light regulation by solving the optimization problem using the Nelder-Mead method; reduction of transport delays and determination of the speed of uniform movement on the contour of city highways and streets. For the practical implementation of the proposed approach, the "contour" software has been developed. As a result of a model experiment on the contour of highways and streets of a large city (for example, Kharkiv, Ukraine), the parameters of uniform traffic flow at a speed of 50 km/h were determined. Determination of the effectiveness of the proposed control method was carried out in the VISSIM software product of the PTV VISION company. The results obtained confirm an increase in efficiency owing to a minimization of time delays by 13%, emissions of harmful substances by 15%, and fuel consumption by 15% (during the simulation period). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the temporal fluctuation of the speed of a vehicle plying in traffic is modelled as a stochastic process with an exponentially decaying memory function. Results of the stochastic modeling are compared with simulations using a two-lane Nagel-Schreckenberg cellular automata traffic model for speeds involving different traffic scenarios. Vehicular speeds were also obtained from the position of actual vehicles in real-world scenarios using a Global Positioning System (GPS) data logger which records the position with one second time interval. The mean squared displacements (MSD) of the speed's temporal fluctuation for both the simulation and the GPS data match the theoretical MSD given by, MSD(T) = C(1−e−T/Tc). The simulation confirms that the values of the two parameters, Tc and C, of the MSD indicate sensitivity to the different vehicular densities. The time constant Tc decreases as the density increases while the relation between C and density shows a similar behavior to that of the traffic flow-density relation where two traffic regimes can be clearly defined. The dependence of the parameters to the vehicular density allows the stochastic model to determine the density and flow at any section of the road in real-time. The stochastic model of a single vehicle's speed fluctuation is especially useful in traffic forecasting and management since this enables the gathering of essential traffic data with high spatial and temporal resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]