Search

Along with the development of materials technology, the role of natural fibers is again being looked at by researchers to be used as composite reinforcement materials, especially in building construction. Elastic, strong, abundant, low production costs and environmentally friendly are the advantages of natural fibers. Therefore, the use of natural fiber is one of the efforts to use environmentally friendly material technology to reduce global warming. In-depth conversations, relevant research analysis, and bibliometric literature search are all part of the research technique. The ISI Web of Science database was queried to gather the data for the study, which was then analyzed using the VOS viewer and Bibliometric tools. The findings revealed a rising interest in this subject; for instance, over the past ten years, with a total of 285 publications in 2021 and 168 publications in 2022 but still able to grow. This shows the increasing research interest related to the theme 'natural fiber core of sandwich composites in the use of building materials', as well as showcasing organizations and nations more intimately associated with the subject matter, the authors' significance, as well as making it possible to track the subject's advancement in science and provide direction for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photovoltaic (PV) systems tend to be overcharged because they receive abundant solar energy, especially during the dry season. Therefore, this excess energy can be used for other purposes, such as heating water. PV systems that also generate thermal energy are called photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T). This paper aimed to design a PV system for small-scale households integrated with a water heater. The PV/T system was coupled with a thermal energy storage tank with a volume of 16 liters. The loads on the PV/T system were the water pump, heating elements, and lights. The first step in the design was to calculate the required load. It then performs technical calculations for the PV system components: solar modules, batteries, and charge controllers. The selection of solar modules uses a current-based concept. Total of the actual daily load of the PV/T system is 27.5 Ah/day. The design of the PV/T system produces specifications, namely solar modules with a nominal power of 50 Wp, as many as two, a battery capacity of 70 Ah, and a battery charge controller current of 10 A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to investigate the behavior of biomass particles and the characteristic of heat transfer during rapid pyrolysis in a fluidized bed reactor. A multifluid model (MFM) framework integrated with the heterogeneous stiff reaction was used to perform a two-dimensional fluidized bed pyrolysis simulation. The pyrolysis process was modelled using a simplified comprehensive kinetic framework enhanced with homogeneous and secondary reactions. 600 µm-sized particles of biomass were introduced into the reactor at 27 °C, and 400–800 °C was the temperature at which the pyrolysis was carried out. The simulation resulted that the velocities of gas phase and biomass particles were influenced by the temperature and did not for sand particles. The heat transfer dominantly occurred from the gas phase to the sand particles and followed by the gas phase to the biomass particle. However, the sand-to-biomass heat transfer only occurred in the dense region of the fluidized bed reactor; thus, the average heat transfer coefficient was the lowest. The heat emitted from the reactor wall was mainly absorbed by the sand particles and moderately by the gas phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The government has a role and responsibility for public goods, in this case, the responsibility for food problems in Indonesia. The food problem is complex, so it is no longer possible for the government to work alone. The government needs to collaborate with stakeholders involved in the food supply. Contributions are expected from outside parties, especially the private sector and non-governmental organizations. The involvement and contributions of various stakeholders show the existence of a network that allows the implementation of food security policies to run effectively and efficiently. The Indonesian Food Management Stakeholder Network uses the strategic model through big data analytic analysis. Thirty-four different studies presented, examining the problems they tackle, proposed solutions, tools, algorithms, and data used, the nature and dimensions of the big data used, the scale of use, and the overall impact. The results of the descriptive analysis are in the form of grouping and visualization of food big data. The results of the significant data analysis process produce a decision map to see the causes of the level of food production in a province. The predictive process produces a regression model to calculate the following year's production and prospective analysis in the form of a profit system designed for national food security policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a drying system that makes use of heat recovery from a block ice compressor is designed and built. The ice maker uses a condenser, which acts as a heat ejector and disperses the heat to nature for free, to chill itself by taking energy from the brine tank. Even if it can still be employed initially in this situation, the heat repellent can also be used to dry agricultural and fishery products. The maximum drying temperature that was anticipated to be produced by this hybrid drier and block ice maker is 52 °C, with the evaporator providing cooling at a temperature of -10 °C. The utilization of this heat for drying agricultural and fishery products is covered in this essay. The thermal energy generated by the air-cooled condenser is a result of both the work done by the compressor and the energy absorbed by the evaporator. Therefore, the heat energy released has a higher value than the cold energy generated. A specific area's air movement and heat storage will generate effective drying energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Government of Indonesia has pledged to adopt energy transition pathways toward net zero emission (NZE) by 2060. One of the NZE pathways is to implement energy conservation in the household sector. The household sector is a big energy end-user, mainly using Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and electricity. The LPG consumption in this sector reaches 95.9% of total LPG consumption in Indonesia. LPG consumption is mostly supplied from imports, contributing to the large Indonesian current account deficit. Electricity usage is also dominant, with a current share of 41.7% compared to the national electricity consumption. The use of LPG and electricity will continue to increase. However, there are still many opportunities to apply energy efficiency and conservation measures to the LPG and electricity uses in the sector by using various technology options. These measures align with Government Regulation No. 70 in 2009 about Energy Conservation. This regulation includes substituting LPG stoves with electric stoves and replacing inefficient technology with energy-saving technology for lighting and other household appliances such as refrigerators and air conditioning. This paper selects a set of household energy technology options using the least cost optimization approach for long-term projection. Implementing energy efficiency and conservation will significantly reduce the energy demand in the household sector and have consequences to lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which will support the achievement of Indonesia's NZE targets in 2060. The results of the NZE scenario will reduce household sector emissions by 28.7 million tons of CO2e and contribute 4.11% to the reduction of national GHG emissions. In this scenario, a lessening in LPG imports by 6.18 million tons and the accession of LPG exports due to the revitalization of oil refineries will escalate the potential of national income by 8.2 billion USD in 2060. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Signal conditioning is needed in inverter current and voltage measurements to conform the ADC (analog to digital converter) level of microcontroller or FPGA (field programmable gate array). The signal conditioning consists of three stages, i.e. filtering, level shifting and gain stages. As a result, usually a signal conditioning uses at least three op amps. In this paper, signal conditioning circuits that use only one op amp are proposed. The filtering effect on current measurement has already known from literatures. So, this paper will focus on the gain and level shifting stages. In the gain stage, inverting and non-inverting amplifiers are presented. In the level shifting stage, for low cost implementation, resistor based voltage divider is used. Several designs have been presented for several sensors available from market. An experimental set up has been built by using LM741 op amp for LV 25-P voltage sensor. The experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed circuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of a person's essential necessities is food. Food will always be more in demand than there is supply, which will lead to a growth in the number of restaurants opening up. According to the findings of a poll, 66.1% of respondents got restaurant recommendations from social media, while 82.1% of respondents got recommendations from friends. Previous studies have been conducted on eating suggestion programs, such as those that use the slope one algorithm, which suggests restaurants based on the prediction of searchers' ratings for each establishment. These days, there are a lot of apps that may suggest restaurants nearby, like Foodspotting, Zomato, and Foursquare. One of the most well-known methods for creating recommendation systems is collaborative filtering. Collaborative filtering is a technique that employs other people's perspectives to assess or filter a specific item. This approach makes predictions about the kinds of things that a user will find appealing or interesting based on information about their past opinions and behavior. This study makes use of original data from a Madura island restaurant or food stand. 128 eateries or food stands make up the quantity of data. 194 users rate while this is happening. Preprocessing, building and training a model using split data, figuring out error values, and showing users recommended food stalls are the steps in the system. Additionally, a Pearson Similarity Modified Convolutional Neural Network is used for data training. The test findings indicate that Mean Absolute Error (MAE) is 0.0576. Ten eateries or food stands are suggested by the recommendation algorithm for locations that users have never been to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world's largest country with an archipelago is Indonesia. It covers 3,977 miles from Sabang to Merauke and is made up of 17,499 large and small islands, covering an area of roughly 7,810,000 km2. Geographically, Indonesia is situated on the equator, where solar energy can be acquired all year long and where the potential for solar energy reaches 4.8 kWh/m2. As a result, the usage of photovoltaic (PV) technology will increase quickly in the future to address issues with energy shortages. However, PV is intermittent, only produces electricity during the day, and is affected by environmental factors such as temperature and solar radiation. In this paper, research will be conducted on site reviews at several points in Indonesia that require a cooling system on PV panels which aims to increase the efficiency of PV power output. The results showed that the surface temperature of the PV module at all sample points was higher than the normal operating cell temperature of 47.5 °C. Range delta temperature in the territory of Indonesia ranges from 3.52 to 5.87 °C. The cooling system A (CSA) technique is a simple PV module cooling system that can only cover the ternate area, while CSC, CSD and CSE can cover all selected areas in Indonesia. The PV efficiency is due to the increase in the surface temperature of the PV module of 51.23 °C but in a decrease in efficiency of up to 12.72%. While the surface temperature of 51.02 °C in a decrease in efficiency of 12.62%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The researches to study the performance of parallel and series semi-continuous biogas production from cow manure was conducted at a laboratory scale. The parallel experiment was conducted to study the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and the series experiment was conducted to determine the amount of digester required to digest the manure. The parallel experiment was carried out in five digester variances. Digesters were fed with a mixture of cow manure and water with a ratio of 1:2. The HRT was set at 5, 10, 15, 17.5, and 20 days. The produced biogas and the pH of the slurry were evaluated. Series experiments were conducted at two different HRT of each digester, i.e. 5 days and 15 days. The first digester was fed with a mixture of cow manure and water with a ratio of 1:2. The output of digester 1 was then fed to digester 2, the output of digester 2 was fed to digester 3, the output of digester 3 was fed to digester 4, and the output of digester 4 was fed to digester 5. Parallel experiment shows that digesters with HRT ≥15 days obtained better performance in producing biogas than digesters with the lower HRT. For the series experiment, the digester with the higher HRT shows better pH performance in the start-up period in all the digesters due to sufficient time for microorganisms to grow. However, the differences in the biogas volume trends from the two variations of HRT still could not be observed. Further experiments considering the methane content in the produced biogas can help estimate the good residence time and digester amount for a series digester. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cold storage facilities can help support economic activities in urban or remote areas, agriculture, or marine front fields. The cold storage refrigerator was initially powered by a utility grid only. However, installation in such a remote area would consider photovoltaic (PV) as a significant additional power source. This research aimed at determining how much introducing PV can help the economics aspect on a 10-ton cold storage monthly operational cost. In this research, the economic aspect has been analyzed on the monthly cost and monthly profit. This work was introducing three grid-connected PV at different capacities to the cold storage refrigerator and then calculating how much the monthly cost has been reduced and how much the monthly profit was earned. The result shows that after introducing three PV capacities at 1 kW, 5 kW, and 10 kW into the cold storage, the monthly operational cost was reduced up to 18%, and it will reduce in a greater amount at any bigger capacity. At profit analysis, the bigger PV capacity earned an increased monthly profit but cannot show a direct correlation with the reduction of the monthly cost. It can be concluded that in our current state, introducing 5 kW PV capacity is the best configuration in a 10-ton cold storage system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar desalination technology is a solution to exploit seawater into clean water, especially for areas that have scarcity of water sources. Some researchers modify the geometry to increase the production of basin solar still. One of them is the research of Omara and Irfan, who made a single slope solar still (S4) with vacuum type, but in their study, they did not discuss the heat transfer. Therefore, this study aims to compare the heat transfer performance of single slope solar still (S4) with vacuum from Omara and Irfan's research and the temperature data from each study is used as the basis for calculating the heat transfer value and then analyzed. As a result of the value of each water temperature, glass temperature and ambient temperature (Tw, Tg, Ta), the difference is not too significant. The difference (qr-0 and qc-0) resulted in the effect of the rate of condensation on the productivity of distilled water, so that the productivity of Omara distilled water was more than Irfan's. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The continued role of the green management supply chain has become a parameter of the company's sustainability. The role that is realized is to provide effectiveness in terms of reducing risks arising from the supply chain. Risks that arise deserve to be identified by the achievement of reducing supply chain risks that occur. The purpose of this study is to model the risks of green supply chain management using the house of risk method. This method as an integration of FMEA-QFD. The product used as a case is snail chips from PT. QRP. Due to the ineffective supply chain, various risks arise where this risk in addition to harming the company also harms the snail material supply vendors. Identification of risks by occurrence and risk agents totaling 22 types. The findings serve as a basis for constructing potential risks modeled with a causal diagram. It was found that the highest case parameter was that there was poor communication with long responses, one of which was. As a result of this case, the prevention action indicator can be clearly known with consideration of 6M (man, machine, material, measurement, method and mother nature). That the preventive action relationship with 6M can create a green supply chain design according to existing conditions. The virtues of the design formed are considering 6M supported by the role of ISO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to design an appropriate agricultural mechanization development policy, it is necessary to collect data on agricultural tools and machinery quickly and accurately. The use of android-based information technology with integrated GPS features can be used as a data collection and monitoring tool for agricultural tools and machinery in the field. Applications developed using the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method. There are several stages in application development including requirements analysis, system design and implementation and testing. Then make a correction model for the recorded coordinates by GPS on a smartphone with a GPS handheld. The results showed that the machineries data collection application was successfully designed with the minimum specifications of Android 5.0 (API level 21) and Android 5.1 (API level 22). The R2 value of the correction model test results is 0,98443 for latitude coordinates and 0,98602 for longitude coordinates, while the MSE value for longitude coordinates is 0,0000059 and latitude coordinates is 0,000022. The results of application testing using the black box method show that all modules in the application can run smoothly. The designed application is able to record agricultural tools and machines up to the farmer group level, so as to provide a more detailed database. Information that can be presented through the data download feature in the application is the number, type, brand, type, location and ownership of agricultural tools and machines. In addition, there is a documentation feature to determine the condition of agricultural tools and machines located at the location of farmers or farmer groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthesis of magnetite nanoparticle (Fe3O4) and magnetite nanoparticles coated with humic acid (Fe3O4-HA) have been done and it was used to adsorp cationic dye, i.e. methylene blue (MB) in the waste water treatment. The synthesis of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-HA were done by coprecipitation method using NH4OH as precipitating agent from a mixture of 2.78 g of salt FeSO4•7H2O; 5.41 g of salt FeCl3•6H2O; and 1 g of extracted HA. Determination of pH point of zero charge (pH PZC) has also been carried out before examining the adsorption of MB. The effect of pH, contact time, and the concentration of the MB solutions were the main examined parameters of adsorption. The results of this research showed that Fe3O4 and Fe3O4−HA have a value of pH PZC 8 and 6.47, respectively. The adsorption of MB onto both Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-HA are followed the model of kinetic adsorption of pseudo-second order and Langmuir isotherm with the value of adsorption equilibrium constant (k) and the adsorption capacity of Fe3O4 adsorbent sequently are 77,344 L mol−1 and 25,65 mg g−1, meanwhile for Fe3O4−HA are 107,304 L mol-1 and 28,81 mg g−1, respectively. This adsorption data were obtained at the condition of pH maksimum for adsorption MB at pH 10 and the equilibrium time at 200 minutes for Fe3O4, and at pH 7 and at 30 minutes for Fe3O4−HA. From those different result of adsorption data, we can conclude that Fe3O4−HA is more effective as an adsorbent of dye waste, i.e. Methylene Blue (MB). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pria Laot Sabang (PLS) 80 isolate was a new bacterium isolated from an underwater hot spring north of Weh Island, Aceh Province, Indonesia. This study aimed to compare the conserved regions of the 16S rRNA, DNA Polymerase I (DNA Pol I), and lipase genes to find alternative predictors to determine the PLS 80 genus. The conserved regions of the three genes were amplified using genomic DNA as the template using primer pairs of Com1F-Com2R (16S rRNA gene, 555 bp), Flip1-Rlip1 (lipase gene, 327 bp) and FP1-RP1 (DNA polymerase I gene, 650 bp). All genes were subjected to direct sequencing and identified using the NCBI BLAST tool. The phylogenetic tree using the 16S RNA gene fragment showed that PLS 80 had the closest relationship with Geobacillus thermoleovorans strain ARTRW1. When using DNA Pol I gene fragment, PLS 80 had the closest kinship with Geobacillus thermoleovorans strains SGAir0734. The construction of a phylogenetic tree using lipase gene fragment showed that the PLS 80 had the closest relationship with Geobacillus stearothermophilus strain ANRPSGB. These results require further validation using intact genes to find a possibility of determining the type of bacteria using alternative genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ship capsizing is much caused by related to the ship roll motion. This study aims to analyze variation of the hull form of fishing vessel that refers to international safety standard and investigate the effect of the ship roll motion of fishing vessel caused by adding PVC pipes tank. Then, fishing hull model is generated using variation of 3(three) PVC pipes model and creating 3(three) models of PVC pipes tank as passive tank stabilizer. Fishing vessels roll motion result is obtained by the ship with adding passive tank. The results show that the fishing vessel uses passive tanks are able to reduce damping of roll motion. Flat type was able to reduce moment damping to 4.40%, U-type can reduce moment damping significantly to 8.10%, and V-type could reduce roll moment to 15.28%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is a country that has many islands in it, it is not surprising that ships are the most popular means of transportation as a means of connecting between islands to transport goods and passengers. In this case when the ship is at sea the ship must still be able to survive even though it is exposed to waves and results in several One of the movements on the ship is rolling motion. Fin Stabilizer is the solution given to minimize roll motion. The purpose of this study is to obtain the results of the ship rolling motion with the addition of a Fin Stabilizer or without a Fin Stabilizer. In this study, a comparison of the use of Fin Stabilizer Types A50, N400, NR31 and NR20 was carried out with variations in the angle and the cross-section width and the geometry of the Fin Stabilizer. The modeling is carried out using an existing model which is then analyzed for rolling motion using CFD, then calculating the rolling period to find out how long it takes the ship to return to its original state when exposed to rolling motion. Based on the research results, the fin stabilizer with type N400 is the most optimal fin stabilizer compared to fin stabilizer type A50, Type NR31 and type NR20 because of the influence of the configuration of the fin stabilizer area and 5o angle of attack which makes the N400 type have a greater percentage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nuclear Power Plant Accident in Fukushima, Japan in 2011 became a valuable lesson in the safety of NPP development in the world. In particular, passive safety systems began to assist the reactor cooling system when the active system failed. However, it has a lower active cooling system to effectiveness compared. The passive cooling systems can be relied upon to assist cooling that they do not require a power source to drive the work system and can work naturally in circulation. The safety system technology is a passive safety system, also developed by National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN). It cools and dissipates heat passively for nuclear heat pipe technology. The Loop Heat Pipe (LHP) type dissipates heat passively. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the clearance function to determine whether a nuclear technology is feasible or not to be widely used and commercially valid. This study intended to measure the level of technology readiness to avoid technological failures through technology audits. This research method used is measuring Technology Readiness Level (TRL) and ensuring that the LHP nuclear technology used has met mature requirements and meets quality standard requirements. The results of the LHP technology audit with TRL measurements show TRL 4 of Data Acquisition System (DAS), LHP Design Program, System Integration sub-systems. The cause of problems about the preparation of hardware production not implemented, market research and laboratory research to select the fabrication process and the production process not been reviewed by the manufacturing department. Therefore, it is necessary to implement of prepare hardware production, market research, and laboratory research. Also, the manufacturing department review the fabrication and production process to increase the measurement of TRL [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patch repair is a method that may be applied to recover damaged concrete. Mortar can be selected as the patching material. However, certain admixtures can be added to modify this material to increase its bond strength, tensile strength, and ductility. The addition of synthetic microfibres is expected to improve the repair material's tensile performance, including its resistance to crack formation, ductility, flexural strength, and tensile strength. This research determined a direct tensile strength of repair mortars on specimens with dimensions of 10x10x25 cm with triangular cobs in the middle of the specimens. The results show that adding synthetic microfiber can increase the value of tensile strength, toughness modulus, and linear elastic energy fracture in the repair mortars. It is also found that the synthetic microfiber with a content of 0.06% gives the maximum tensile performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to develop MyPola, an android-based learning application in the production of clothing patterns for TVET students based on ADDIE theory. The current trends of application usage in this field have been reviewed and analyzed. Methodology procedures began with getting information from potential niche based on previous problems; 1. Students having difficulty in producing 3D clothing patterns if they use the pattern method policy (Flat Pattern Drafting), 2. Students take a long time to complete a pattern of clothing, especially patterns for 3D design. The development of the android-based learning applications process has applied ADDIE model with five phases; 1. Analysis, 2. Design, 3. Development, 4. Implementation, and 5. Evaluation. The findings showed that the MyPola application provides clear and intriguing information, besides appealing design and colors. The study highlighted uniformity in terms of visual uses throughout the notes, as well as the introduction of music and games to make the application more exciting. Therefore, this proves that the application has successfully achieved the objectives and goals set from the beginning of this application to be developed. The results of research in the development of this application are able to provide benefits to users of this application and also able to provide benefits in the world of education, especially for students of TVET stream in the production of clothing patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Any form of communication that expresses hatred, prejudice, or hostility toward a particular individual or group of people based on attributes such as their race, religion, ethnicity, nationality, gender, sexual orientation, disability, or other protected characteristics is considered hate speech. Hate speech can be verbal, written, or symbolic. Hate speech can take many forms, and it often involves derogatory language, offensive stereotypes, or the incitement of violence or discrimination against the targeted individuals or groups. The content of hate speech is easy found in forum or discussion in social media include twitter. Twitter is a microblogging-based virtual entertainment where clients can peruse and compose text called tweets or tweets. This exploration executes order of disdain discourse in media Twitter utilizing IndoBERT. IndoBERT is the Indonesian form of BERT model utilizing over 220M words. It was a Convolutional Neural Network-based algorithm that had been modified. Th highlight extraction in Transformer isn't finished by convolution utilizing a part like CNN, however includes an encoder and decoder. The outcome demonstrates IndoBERT's excellent ability to categorize hate speech. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The datalink system is required for communication between the UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) to the GCS (Ground Control System). In this research, a hairpin BPF (Band Pass Filter) filter will be designed to develop block RF components in the UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) datalink system. The filter is designed at specific ISM (Industrial, Scientific, Medical) for frequency of 2.401-2.483GHz according to WiFi application with standard 802.11 b/g/n. The UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) datalink system with this frequency can pass telemetry data and payload data in one frequency channel. NPC H220A substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.18 and a thickness of 1.2 mm was used to design the BPF filter. The filter simulation results show the S11 values ranging from <-18.38 dB to-20dB at a frequency of 2.401GHz – 2.483GHz. Insertion loss values are obtained from <-1.4 dB to 0.76 dB. It is hoped that this filter design can be used for RF system applications on the UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) communication datalink that is being developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salted eggs in Indonesia are produced using duck eggs, but in this research salted egg are examined using layer chicken egg especially for diversification and effort to improve its added value. This research aims to examine production of layer chicken salted egg in different temperature processes and its finansial feasibility. The results show that the most suitable temperature process for layer chicken salted egg is 45°C for 4 days based on organoleptic test result on egg yolk, egg white, and overall performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developed countries are currently developing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), and the ability to fly these aircraft is still limited, especially in terms of distance and length of the flight. This capability can be increased by various technological developments, one of which is reducing the weight of the aircraft body by using lightweight and strong materials. So that the aircraft becomes lighter and stronger so that can reach longer distances, the material can use a polymer composite formed from polymer resin with carbon fiber reinforcement. This polymer composite material has been used in several parts of commercial aircraft and has even been used in fighter aircraft.t. This study aims to determine how much influence the curing time and type of carbon fiber composite forming process have on the mechanical strength and to observe the microstructure of the carbon fiber bond with the resin in its formation. The results of the mechanical characterization by means of a tensile test with the ASTM 3039 standard showed that the difference in curing time had no significant effect on the mechanical strength, whereas the curing time of 2 hours showed the highest strength. The difference in the process of forming these composites shows that the mechanical strength of the composite formed by VARI (Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion) shows a high value, which is around 501 MPa, while the carbon fiber composite formed by the manual method, hand layup has a strength of only up to 288 MPa. From the observation of the microstructure of the carbon fiber composites, it can be seen that the carbon fiber composites formed by the VARI method have very good, compact, uniform, and non-porous surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aircraft material usually uses light and strong metal alloys. This type of material will be damaged quickly when used in the marine environment, one of which is caused by corrosion which can erode the aircraft's structure. Therefore, a replacement material is needed for winged ships with the criteria of being a strong and light material, having a specific thickness, and being resistant to corrosion. Sandwich composite materials consisting of epoxy and woven roving E-glass fiber as the facing layer and polyurethane foam as the core material have been investigated. The materials with four types of panels having different fiber geometrical orientations of the facing were fabricated using vacuum assisted resin infusion (VARI) method. Tensile and flexural tests were performed on the materials to understand their mechanical properties and failure mechanisms. The resulting mechanical properties were best obtained from the panel facing having four layers of fiber orientation of 0°, 90°, +45°, -45° with tensile and flexural strengths of 28.18 and 5.75 MPa, respectively. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) examination was subsequently performed and showed that the failure of the materials started from the core and propagated to the facing layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the use of microwave pre-treatment on citronella leaves before isolation of essential oil from Citronella oil using hydrodistillation method and compared it with conventional hydro-distillation and microwave-assisted hydro-distillation methods. Several parameters, such as the condition of the leaves, pre-treatment time, and microwave power for the pre-treatment were explored. The essential oil obtained was evaluated based on yield, density, refractive index, and composition. The result showed that the highest yield of essential oil could be obtained with a pre-treatment time of 15 minutes and power of 200 W for fresh leaves and 400 W for dried leaves. Hydro distillation of pre-treated leaves using those conditions gives a higher yield than conventional hydrodistillation. However, it is still below the yield from microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD). The essential oil density is in the range of 0.866 – 0.902 g/mL, while the refractive index is in the range of 1.470 – 1.475, which meets the ISO standard. Identification of chemical compounds was carried out by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. It was found that the oil from the conventional hydro-distillation method has the highest percentage of citronellal, but the total amount of citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol in the product obtained by MAHD is higher than other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, many companies are competing to produce robots that can help humans. Robots can work with high accuracy, efficiency, and low power in the production of goods. Automated Guided Vehicle is one form of robot that is useful in industry. Automated Cars are another form of functional industrial robot that transports with programmable paths and directions automatically. In this paper, we will discuss the navigation system in Automatic Cars based on previously mapped paths. The robot wheel serves to adjust the direction and position of the robot. The automatic movement can be carried out using computer vision. Warehouses that are not neatly arranged cause the navigation system to be less than optimal. The types of controllers used include classical controllers, fuzzy logic, artificial neural networks, and H∞. The purpose of this research is to produce a precise car front view monitoring system using image processing with high enough quality for automatic car navigation. The benefit for science is the development of automatic cars, which so far have not been widely carried out in Indonesia. The results of this study can be useful for the development of methods to build an automatic car system. The benefit for the electronics industry is the availability of control equipment designs to be able to control cars automatically. The effect on society is in the form of future vehicles that can move automatically without a driver. Based on the computer vision system test for Raspberry Pi-based car navigation, it can be ascertained that the car works well and has a small physique, so it looks neat and concise. The movement of the car from the first coordinate point to the next coordinate point is very precise and precise. By installing the L298N motor driver module, it is easier to set the program in python, so that the results sent to the DC motor can be used directly. Using a DC motor that has an excellent performance in terms of torque and speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research was done at the field of the Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor in Jabung Village, Mlarak District, Ponorogo Regency, East Java from July 2021 to March 2022. The study used a split plot design with a cultivation system as the main factors: saturated water cultivation (SWC) and dry land cultivation (DC). The second factor as subplot was 14 genotypes of Colacasia, i.e. five dasheen type, nine eddoe types and three genotypes of Xanthosoma. SWC was manipulated by flooding of dry land for one month before planting using irrigation water until two months after planting. DC received irrigation from rainwater. SWC and DC field was separated by 3 m. Each treatment combination was repeated three times. Interaction between water stress and taro genotype had a significant effect on root, tuber, shoot and total fresh weight; root, tuber, shoot and total dry weight, also number, length and density of stomata. Interaction between water stress and taro genotype had a significant effect on root, tuber, shoot and total fresh weight, also root, tuber, shoot and total dry weight. Jepang hijau genotype with dry land cultivation produced the highest tuber fresh weight with 1,860 g, or 80.1% higher than Pratama genotype with the lowest tuber fresh (370 g). Satoimo and Bentul ungu genotypes with saturated water cultivation resulted in the heaviest tuber fresh weight (1,167.67 g and 1,240 g), or 67.7% and 93.1% more than Ozikawa and Bentul genotypes, respectively, with the lowest tuber fresh weight was 376.67 g and 280 g, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Merapat (Combretocarpus rotundatus) is abundant and categorized as a pioneer plant in the peatland. These species are used for rehabilitation activities in the post-fire peat land. To assist the rehabilitation activity, arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi are used. In general, the application of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) and sterilized media are commonly used to achieve maximal results. This study aims to examine the effect of heating and autoclaving of soil media on mycorrhization and growth in Merapat (Combretocarpus rotundatus) seedlings. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design with a 3 x 2 factorial pattern. The main factor was the method of sterilization (unsterilized, autoclaved, and dry heating), while the second factor was Arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation. Plant growth responses (stem diameter, seedling height, dry biomass, shoot, and root biomass, mycorrhizal colonization, and P concentration) in the plant were measured. The result showed different responses that Merapat seedlings in the autoclaved soil media had better growth performance compared to dry heating sterilization and control. Furthermore, root colonization observation showed that plant growth in autoclaved soil performed better mycorrhizal root colonization than plant growth in dry heated soil or unsterilized soil. However, the plant with unsterilized soil had better growth performance and mycorrhizal colonization compared to dry heated seedlings. This study strongly suggested that soil sterilization with autoclaved presented better results while applying mycorrhiza in the plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization of peatland in many villages in Indonesia has become a concern due to various constraints such as inundation, soil acidity, low soil fertility, fire, and relatively limited choice of plant species. Moreover, the efforts of peatland restoration with 3R activities (rewetting, revegetation, and revitalization of local livelihood) will create even wetter peat in the future. The community used to plant mineral species that require peat drainage. In the transition from drained peat to fully-rewetted peat, it is necessary to anticipate the future due to changes in land-based livelihood options. Several demo plots in Central Kalimantan have been developed to produce a strategic model for the transition from the low water table to fully rewetted peat using agroforestry to manage incomes and cashflows, ranging from agricultural species to peat swamp forest species. This paper aims to determine the potential plant species for sustainable livelihood in peatland. Various plant species such as Shorea balangeran, Dyera polyphylla, Alstonia pneumatophore, and Ananas comosus showed good growth and production. However, more potential local peatland species needs to be further explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fresh agricultural products can be a commodity that determines inflation in a country. The government as a regulator should be able to monitor the prices of strategic agricultural food products. Indonesia already has a national strategic food price monitoring system that is recorded. In this research, big data analysis is integrated with knowledge discovery in the database with an open government maturity model in the initial step. Various analytical techniques used are k-means, decision tree, naïve Bayes, recurrent neural network (RNN), regression, and model explanation. The study focuses on selling prices at the consumer level for strategic horticultural commodities such as red chili, cayenne pepper, shallot, and garlic. This study provides descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive analysis models for strategic agricultural food products. The results of the descriptive analysis show that the k-means algorithm has a good performance in terms of price clustering compared to standard deviation. The diagnostic analysis results show that the amount of production and the price at the farmer affect the price level at the consumer. The decision tree is the best alternative algorithm for classification with an accuracy above 85%. The RNN model is the best model for predicting fluctuating prices with an accuracy rate above 96%. The results of the prescriptive analysis are presented in the form of a development plan to support sustainable farming. Integrating these methods can be used and developed for comprehensive big data analysis research in various fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coconut oil is a source of many oleochemicals such as fatty acids, methyl esters, and fatty alcohol. The study's general objective is to process cold-pressed coconut oil from full-fat coconut meat and identify phytocompounds of coconut oil. Oil from coconut meats was heated to 70 °C for 100 min, pressed, and filtered. Fatty acid and others compounds were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectra (GC-MS). The present study showed that the major compounds dominating coconut oil with 70 °C drying and low-temperature pressing are dodecanoic acid, 2H-pyran-2-one, and other compounds with potential biological activity. Promising results from the above study can be the basis for developing low-temperature pressed coconut oil as functional oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Material technology for the manufacture of airframe structures is currently experiencing significant developments. The selection of materials for unmanned aircraft vehicles (UAV) is considered not only mechanical factors but also the electrical properties of the materials from electromagnetic interference, which can reduce aircraft performance. Materials with electromagnetic interference shielding depend on several parameters, such as electrical conductivity, dielectric permittivity, and magnetic permeability. This study aims to investigate several materials, such as carbon epoxy, hybrid E-glass carbon, E-glass 135, kevlar, kevlar carbon, and copper plate. Also, the dielectric value of each material and to analyze the parameters which best material to be used as Eelectromagnetics shielding and can be applied to UAV structures. The study was conducted by using a specimen material with a dimension of 10 x 4.5 cm and an average thickness of around 2.5 mm, then the sample was measured using dielectric Probe 85070, Agilent Technologies, E8364C. Frequency operation was used in the range of 900 MHz to 9 GHz. It can be seen that the highest dielectric constant composites materials were Carbon Epoxy materials and the lowest was E-Glass 135 Composites Materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) UAV application technology nowadays increasing rapidly and causing the level of system complexity in UAVs to be higher. Correspondingly, the structure of UAVs is also currently made lighter, with a higher level of flexibility, and stronger by using composites. However, the disadvantage of using composite materials is not as good as metals in terms of resistance to electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this research, measurements were made to determine the power induction received by cables due to exposure of electromagnetic radiation sourced from the antenna and to analyze the shielding material effect on reducing electromagnetic interference in cables. The transmit power of the antenna is varied from -20 to 19 dBm with an interval of incremental measurements every 5 dB. In addition, the direction of antenna polarization was variated to determine the influence of antenna position on the electromagnetic effect received by the cable. Furthermore, shielding-based carbon and kevlar material is given on the cable to determine the reducing effect of electromagnetic interference produced by the material. The result of the experiments obtained, by making the polarization direction of the antenna different from the cable, the value of the induction power received by the cable will be obtained smaller than the same polarization direction between the cable and the antenna, then by providing additional shielding box with carbon material, resulting induction attenuation of the power received by the cable is 20 dB smaller and 8 times better than the use of a shielding box made of Kevlar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generally, artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in Indonesia uses the amalgamated mercury process. Most of the respondents from ASGM experienced mercury poisoning. An alternative non-mercury gold processing is cyanidation. In this work, an actual practice cyanidation process of local artisanal gold processing in Wonogiri, Indonesia, was studied. The paper presents the practices of local artisanal gold processing using the cyanide process, their weaknesses in the process, and ways to diminish the problem. The paper also highlighted the self-designed in a continuous mode leaching adsorption pilot plant. Preliminary results showed that leaching in the pilot plant leaching-adsorption process produced better gold content than the ASGM process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forecasting is a science used to predict future events, forecasting activities are business functions used to predict sales or use of a product so it will be more efficient. Therefore, in a business, a forecasting system is needed to help predict the number of sales of an item, so that prediction can be used to estimate the supply of goods to be purchased or a profit. One of the forecasting methods that can be used in forecasting sales of goods is Holt's Double Exponential Smoothing. This forecasting technique is used on data that has a trend but is not affected by seasons. In this method, 2 weight smoothing factors are used, namely α for level smoothing weights and β for weight smoothing trends From the results of this study using 28 months of data, from November 2018 to February 2021 obtained from Jaya Mandiri which is engaged in selling plywood. The prediction error value obtained using the Mean Absolute Percentage method during the train process was 4.651% while during the validation process an error was 4.989%. For alpha parameter with a value of 0.8 and beta of 0.2, the alpha and beta parameters used in the calculation have been searched automatically and the optimal alpha and beta values. The conclusion of this study are Holt's Double Exponential Smoothing can be applied to these cases because the MAPE produced is below 10% both during processing and validation. This application is also successful in determining the optimal alpha and beta parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to analyzed apple farming's sustainability status. It's necessary because apple cultivation areas in the Indonesian tropical climate are still scarce, and the most expansive regions are in Pasuruan, Batu, and Malang Jawa Timur Province. Peoples in Batu city have historically connected to this plant until these plants become a city icon. But high pressures have been thought to be a problem in maintaining the sustainability of apple cultivation in the region, which resulted in conversion to other crops. Research conduct in March-July 2020 in Batu City, East Java. The analysis uses the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) RapSusagri approach, a modification of MDS-Rapfish, to obtain the ordinances and leverage of five dimensions: environmental, economic, social, institutional, and technological-infrastructure. Data obtain through interviews with 80 respondent farmers from 7 villages. The results show a sustainability value of 24.05-58.41 with 'unsustainable' to 'moderately sustainable.' Research reveals that the sensitive/leveraging attributes obtain from each dimension are plant productivity, apple price, local labor in farming, dissemination agencies, and agricultural processing availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of this study is to assist Ganto Laundry in processing transaction activities and managing reports. This study uses SDLC agile development method, namely a method to manage a project with breaking into several phases includes requirement, design, development, testing, deployment and review for operation of a system can be reviewed and revision on develop some information systems. Data obtained from interviews with the owner of the laundry service Ganto Laundry and also available data, namely transaction notes. The data obtained is then analyzed which shows that an information system is needed because in actual conditions, Ganto Laundry does not have a structured data report so that there is often an error in the transaction report section. The results of the analysis are then processed using use-case diagrams, context diagrams, functional decomposition diagrams, and data flow diagrams logical and physical to make easier to describe a flow of information that will or has occurred. These diagrams will produce an output of an information system based on Microsoft Access with a design that is easy to use by users. Management information system can help Ganto Laundry in facilitating reports with improvements that have been designed to reduce reporting errors that often occur. This research resulted the improvement of a system to be more structured and easy to use for Ganto Laundry which was the place for this research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Indonesian Red Cross is a voluntary aid association, which assists the Government in the humanitarian field. One of the activities organized by PMI is blood donation. At PMI Bandung, the blood donor unit (UDD) in addition to organizing blood donations at the branch headquarters, PMI also provides mobile blood donation services. The blood donor unit (UDD) has problems in managing the scheduling of blood donors on a mobile basis. Where scheduling is still done manually by writing it down in a book and there is no data storage in the database system. This causes the length of the activity scheduling process because the disposition process is still manual and there is a risk of errors in entering the activity schedule which causes the schedule to clash. The purpose of this study is to design a mobile blood donor scheduling information system that can provide solutions so that the scheduling process carried out at UDD PMI Bandung City runs faster and more accurately. The system development method used in this study is the waterfall which consists of several stages, namely the Requirement Analysis stage, System Design, Implementation, Integration & Testing, and Operation & Maintenance, but in this study the operation & maintenance stage was not included in the development of this system. The result of this research is a mobile blood donor scheduling information system which is expected to assist the blood donor unit (UDD) in processing schedule data more quickly and accurately. The prototype design of the scheduling information system is presented in the form of Microsoft Access software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research is to compare forecasting methods to find out the best forecasting method in predicting the sales value of Concentrated Feed based on the error smallest. The method used is the method of Moving Average, Single Exponential Smoothing and Trend linear. Based on the selection of the Mean Absolute Percentage Error or can be abbreviated as MAPE, the Moving Average uses a three period and five period. In the Moving Average with a three-period moving average, the MAPE value is 2.34%, and in the Moving Average with a five-period moving average, the MAPE value is 2.36%. Then the Exponential smoothing used values, α 0.5 and 0.9. In the Exponential smoothing with used values, α=0.5 the MAPE value is 2.07%, and in the Exponential smoothing with used values, α=0.9, the MAPE value is 2.26%. In the linear trend method, the MAPE value is 1.75%. After comparing the five forecasting methods used, the linear trend method was chosen due to its lower error rate compared to both the Moving Average method and Single Exponential Smoothing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the production process in the industry, including the drug industry. This study aims to measure the changes in productivity on the production floor that occur in the pharmaceutical industry due to health protocols. The method used in this research is to compare the production results before and during the pandemic using discrete-event simulations. The research begins with tracing pre-pandemic production documents, creating a representative simulation model, validating the model, taking production data during the pandemic, applying data during the pandemic to the model, conducting experiments, and comparing the results to providing recommendations. The results showed that there was a decrease in production capacity during the pandemic by up to 93%, but on the other hand, there was an increase in labour productivity up to 135% compared to before the pandemic. Although production capacity during the pandemic was still available at 45% of the average monthly demand before the pandemic, it was already 9% less than the highest demand before the pandemic, so companies must anticipate the trend of increasing demand through inventories. This study concludes that the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic have a negative impact on production capacity but have a positive impact on employee productivity. This research also proves that a discrete event simulation is an effective tool for evaluating employee productivity, measuring its production capacity, and experimenting with the model to provide recommendations for future production planning activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]