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The construction of toll road projects involves complicated activities that may pose risks to the safety of workers. The Sigli - Banda Aceh Toll Road Project workers had previously experienced minor work accidents. Most accidents often occur because they fail to fulfill occupational safety compliance. Knowledge and awareness about Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) compliance often influence the practice on location. This study attempted to examine the effect of knowledge and awareness on the level of compliance with OSH among the workers on the Sigli - Banda Aceh Toll Road Construction Project. This study employed a quantitative method approach. The data were collected using questionnaires. 175 workers from a total population of 312 were selected as the research respondents through proportionate stratified random sampling. The sampling was based on the level of workers (workers and forepersons) with a proportional number taken randomly. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that the knowledge and awareness factors significantly influenced the workers' compliance with OSH. These findings suggest that if the workers' knowledge and awareness about OSH are improved, their level of compliance will also improve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a type of cancer that develops in the human colon and rectum. The body's cells proliferating out of control, which is the cause of colorectal cancer, results in these symptoms. Nevertheless, there is still disagreement on the precise signs of a high-risk CRC. The linear regression model struggles with erroneous and ambiguous data. Because the idea of fuzzy set theory can deal with data that does not refer to a precise point value, fuzzy machine learning, a new hybrid linear fuzzy regression with symmetric parameter clustering with a support vector machine model (FLRWSPCSVM), is used in this study to predict the high-risk symptoms causing the development of colorectal cancer in Malaysia (uncertainty data). After analysing secondary data from 180 colorectal cancer patients who underwent treatment in a general hospital, 25 separate symptoms with diverse combinations of variable types were considered in the analysis. Together with the model's parameters, errors, and justifications, two statistical measurement errors were also included. The least values of mean square error (MSE) are 100.605 and root mean square error (RMSE) is 10.030 for FLRWSPCSVM, which were determined to be ovarian and a history of cancer symptoms to be the high-risk symptom for developing colorectal cancer. To monitor and control the high-risk symptoms that can affect colon cancer and lower patient mortality, the hospitality industry could also benefit from this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to develop a semi-supervised method for automatically annotating hate speech in social media using natural language processing (NLP) techniques. The approach is based on a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier that combines feature extraction algorithms, including ensemble meta-learners and meta-vectorizers. The system was trained on a dataset of 13,169 elements, and the results show that the accuracy of the model is highly dependent on the feature extraction method used. The optimal automatic annotation was achieved using TF-IDF feature extraction, resulting in an accuracy of 92.5%. The implications of this study are that automated hate speech annotation using NLP techniques can significantly improve the accuracy, reliability, and inclusiveness of identifying hate speech online. The results of this study suggest that SVM and TF-IDF are the most suitable methods for this task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-Strength Self-Compacting Concrete (HSSCC) is a type of concrete with superior mechanical material properties and the capacity to self-compact without using a vibrator. Many innovations have been performed to improve the characteristics of HSSCC. In the previous experimental work, the authors examined the mechanical properties of HSCC with 12.5% metakaolin and 0-15% silica fume as a partial substitute for cement. Since metakaolin and silica fume have smaller particle sizes than cement, they can fill voids between aggregate and increase the concrete density. Further research at the structural level is required to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the effect of partially replacing cement with metakaolin and silica fume. The present study analytically investigates the flexural behaviour of reinforced HSSCC beams using the Response 2000 program. As simulation input data, laboratory-determined mechanical properties of the material were utilized. In this study, five beam models constructed with different material mechanical properties were evaluated and compared to each other in terms of flexural cracking strength, ultimate strength, deflection, and crack patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sports car is a car that has a speed above the average of a non-sports car. The maximum speed of a sports car is from 250 to 300 km/h and the time traveled from a distance of 0-100 km, ranges from 7 to 3 seconds. The power that can be issued by a sports car ranges from 150-300 HP. The resistance (drag coefficient) on sports cars is 0.25 to 0.35. This value is smaller than non-sport cars which have a value of 0.35 to 0.6. Aerodynamics is a change in the motion of an object due to air resistance when the object is traveling at high speed. Aerodynamic aspects have an important impact on the design of sports car vehicles. In addition to reducing drag, the aerodynamic aspect can serve to avoid the downforce that occurs when the car is traveling at high speed. The lift will cause the car to lift upwards. If this happens, the car will be difficult to control and risk having an accident. The purpose of this analysis is to find out how big the obstacles that occur in sports cars are. Sports cars are designed using Autodesk Inventor software and analyzed using Autodesk CFD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A low concrete compressive strength is a dominant problem in non-engineered buildings because unskilled workers carry out the concrete manufacturing process, resulting in poor quality. The poor concrete compressive strength causes a low bond to the steel reinforcements, leaving the beam and column elements prone to destruction, especially when receiving earthquake loads. This study numerically simulates the influence of concrete compressive strength on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete portals using ATENA software. The reinforced concrete portal model comprises columns with 150 mm x 150 mm cross-section and 2500 mm high, and a beam of 150 mm x 200 mm cross-section and 3000 mm length. Both columns and beam are reinforced with longitudinal and stirrup reinforcement 4D10 and ø6-200 mm, respectively. There are three variations of the models, comprising models with the quality of concrete according to SNI 2847 for earthquakes design with f'c 21 MPa, the quality of concrete for general use f'c 17 MPa, and the quality of concrete representing non-engineered buildings with f'c 10 MPa. The structural performance analysis includes load capacity, displacement, pattern and width of cracks, stress patterns of concrete, and reinforcement. Based on the results of the ATENA analysis, reducing the concrete from 21 MPa to 10 MPa will reduce the capacity of the specimen model by 10.01%, reduce the energy dissipation capability by 3.91%, and change the collapse pattern from column element to beam-column joint element. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transmission towers are vital channels for distributing high-voltage electrical power from power plants to substations. This infrastructure is the backbone of a productive modern society. However, a number of these towers may fail due to earthquakes. This failure may disrupt the electrical network, yield a substantial amount of replacement cost, and, more importantly, interrupt recovery efforts and business operations. This paper presents attempts to analyze the seismic risk of the transmission tower by developing its fragility curve. Fragility is defined as the probability of damage exceeding a certain level, given an extensive range of seismic intensity. A finite element computational model was analyzed under a nonlinear static procedure (pushover) to obtain a nonlinear response, specifically a capacity curve. Then the fragility analysis was performed by determining certain damage states in the capacity curve. The inter-segment drift ratio (ISDR) was employed for the damage states. The result is expressed as a fragility curve that provides fundamental and rational insights into the mechanical and probabilistic performance of transmission towers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript is about designing a glass wall cleaning machine on the outside of a high-rise building, where the walls are almost entirely glass. Previous cleaner design has many weaknesses than this product. This design includes the calculation of mechanical systems, DC motors, suction pads, construction, and control system circuits. The calculation and experimental data such as the Suction pad can withstand a maximum load of 35kg. From the DC motor test results, the time value is 5000 µs. It takes 5 seconds to rotate the cleaning cloth and move the vacuum foot. The highest deflection value and bending moment value occur when the loading point is in the middle. This product has better work time, power efficiency, and a bigger safety factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) laminated veneer lumber is an engineered wood product that uses multiple layers of thin sengon veneers assembled with adhesives. Made under controlled circumstances, this type of lumber is just as strong as conventional types of lumber commonly used as construction materials. Lumber has greater tensile strength than compressive strength. However, upon being put under a bending test, the fracture point happens to be on the tension area. It happens on the tension area suspected because of the displacement of the neutral axis from the cross-sectional weight axis. Therefore, this research was carried where a LVL sengon wood were imposed with a flexural load. The flexural test data from the strain gauge will be used in the calculation analysis by making a numerical simulation of the flexural stress-strain diagram and by applying the balance conditions of the forces worked on the beam. The numerical simulation of flexural stress-strain diagram will use the MATLAB program. From this calculation, the theoretical and experimenral neutral axis displacement will be obtained. From the laboratory test and the numerical simulation, the position of the experimental neutral axis tends to rise across the center of gravity of the beam as the load increases. While, in the theoretical calculation, the displacement of the neutral axis tends to go downward, but the neutral axis remains above the weight axis of the cross-section. The difference between the experimental and theoretical results is that several factors are not calculated in the theoretical calculation, for example, a shear force that occurs due to bending load, physical wood condition based on where it grows, the strength of wood fiber, etc. From the laboratory test and the running program that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the value of the stress-strain in the properties test can be used to predict the displacement of the neutral axis that happened in the bending test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Banana peel waste has the potential as a pectin source. Pectin has various applications such as gelling agent, adsorbent, thickener, emulsifier, and excipient of pharmaceuticals. This study extracted pectin from 3 types of local banana peels in Brunei Darussalam via the conventional heating method. The extraction process was carried out with 0.03 N HCl solution (pH 1.5) with optimizations of temperature (70 - 90°C) and extraction time (60 - 180 min). The optimization was designed by face-centered Central Composite Design (CCD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Design-Expert v.12 software (Stat-Ease, USA). The results showed that the pectin yields derived from pisang otel, pisang kapas, and pisang madu peels were in the range of 1.92 - 9.91%, 2.18 - 9.24%, and 2.54 - 17.72%, respectively. The RSM analysis gives optimum values for the extraction time and temperature of 180 minutes and 90°C, respectively, with desirability of 0.967-1.000. Characterization of extracted pectin includes methoxy content, anhydrouronic acid (AUA) content, degree of esterification (DE), functional groups, and morphology analyses. At optimum extraction conditions, the AUA values of extracted pectin from pisang otel, pisang kapas, and pisang madu were 48.77%, 54.04% and 43.86%, respectively. All extracted pectins have DE of >50%. The MeO content of extracted pectin range from 4.68-6.63%. The functional group analysis shows that the extracted pectins and commercialized apple pectin have a similar spectrum with the presence of main functional groups of pectin. The morphology analysis of pectin shows that the pectin structure has a smooth surface with mound-shaped pellets formed on the surface. Finally, the yields and characteristics of extracted pectin from all 3 local banana peels are comparable to extracted pectin from other sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Central Lombok District, the allocation of funds for the rehabilitation of elementary schools is very small compared to the number of schools that need reconstruction. The percentage of classroom rehabilitation work based on the target schools only reached 9.96%. Consequently, it needs to study to analyze the damage level of buildings and find out the most influenced criteria in formulating decisions for selecting school priorities that must be rehabilitated. Due to controlled aspects and standards are quite a lot and more sophisticated, accordingly the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is the proper method for solving these complex problems. The sample in this study was 13 of the 25 schools that received special funds in 2018. The application of the AHP method was preceded by a survey involving experts who were competent in their fields. The results showed that the number of schools with moderate damage was six and severely damaged as many as seven schools. At the same time, based on the order of priority, building repairs are determined by the most influential criteria, namely the level of damage and primary education data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inhibition of corrosion rate is attempted by the major five methods, regarded as the easiest and the cheapest method with high effectiveness to avoid corrosion to materials. This study focuses on the utilization of guava leaves extract as the corrosion inhibitor of materials, containing natural contents regarded as the promising organic protection to metals. This study is further considered as the experimental research by adding the variance of inhibitor concentration to the corrosive media. The weighing of specimens was conducted in before and after the specimens, immersed in the corrosive media with and without the green inhibitor addition. The data indicates that the guava leaves prevent the corrosion rate increasing to A36 steel and retaining its hardness value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effects of fiber treatments on mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fiber reinforced polyester composites (PALF/PE). The Fiber treatments were conducted with 3%, 6% and 9% NaOH for 2 hours. The untreated and treated PALF/PE composites were fabricated by the vacuum infusion method. The result analysis revealed that PALF/PE composites treated with NaOH indicated an increasing pattern in mechanical properties compared to untreated PALF/PE composites. The highest tensile strength was112 Mpa at 6 % NaOH and the highest impact strength was 0.11891 Joule/mm2 at 6 % NaOH. Moreover, the fracture images indicate relatively less fiber pull-out and improved fiber/matrix adhesion. The composites would be promising for construction, furniture and automotive materials due to their superior mechanical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

S45C steel serves as a medium carbon steel with a composition of 0.42-0.50% C, 0.6-0.9% Mn, 0.15-0.35% Si, 0.035% S, 0.030% P, typically has a character that does not match with the inquire, thereby requiring modification and changed by heat treatment methods, through the quenching method. This study aimed to determine the effect of variations in cooling media on the tensile strength of SMAW-type electric welding on S45C steel. Cooling medium SAE 20W Oil obtained a tensile strength of 47.52 kg/mm2. The use of this oil as a cooling medium causes a carbon film to form on the specimen influenced by the viscosity of the cooling medium and the carbon content of the specimen, thereby increasing the hardness which then affects the tensile strength. The lowest tensile strength was obtained from normalizing using 29°C Air cooling media, performed by cooling at room temperature for an undetermined time. In sum, it is concluded that the air-cooling medium will experience hardness below the oil and water-cooling media due to the influence of the slow cooling speed. Air as a cooling media will provide an opportunity for the specimen to form crystals and possibly bind other elements from the air. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is an initial step towards developing strategies in influencing the citizen to accept the concept of 1Malaysia. Therefore the aim of this research is to investigate the factors that contribute to the acceptance of Kota Bharu, Kelantan citizen toward 1Malaysia concept made by the sixth Prime Minister of Malaysia, Datuk Seri Najib Tun Abdul Razak. Firstly, primary data were applied in this study using questionnaire for the sample in Kota Bharu. The research used cluster sampling to collect the sample and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis to measure the relationship between variables using AMOS software. About 100 respondents which are citizen in Kota Bharu, Kelantan are selected as the respondents from Kota Bharu citizen to represent the sample. Moreover, three factors are extracted by using structural equation modeling and the result showed that 'support' variable (p-value = 0.000) has significant and direct effect toward citizen acceptance 1Malaysia concept compared to the 'service provided' variable (p-value = 0.420) and 'transformation program' variables (p-value = 0.568) which is higher than 0.05. It was also concluded that 'support' variable was the most influential factor toward citizen acceptance to 1Malaysia concept at Kota Bharu, Kelantan. All processing data are done by using analysis model of structure (AMOS) software and statistical package of social science (SPSS) programming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provides a time series analysis and interpretation of the output for forecast sales of chicken based food product of weekly sales data. These data were collected directly from the outlet shop of one factory in Malacca started from January 2015 to December 2016. Methods of forecasting include autoregressive (AR) method and simple exponential smoothing (SES) method. The accuracy for both methods will be compared using mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and mean absolute deviation (MAD). There will be 1 period ahead of predictions for AR method and 1 period ahead for SES method. This analysis found that AR method with AR (1) model is more accurate than SES method and can be used for the future prediction of chicken based food product of weekly sales data. Recommendations for future study is trying out other method to analyse this sales of chicken based food product and using R software to analyse the dataset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currency exchange rate is one of the external factors that will affect the financial status of Malaysia. Therefore, forecasting the foreign currency exchange rate is important for the financial decision makers, bankers, academic researchers and business practitioners. Time series method is an important area of predicting future data based on the past data. In this study, Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Double Exponential Smoothing method and Holt-Winter additive method will be used to forecast the data of currency exchange rate of Malaysia Ringgit (RM) to United States of America Dollar (USD). The Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) for ARIMA, Double Exponential Smoothing method and Holt-Winter additive method are 0.9400, 0.9035 and 2.2686 respectively. In conclusion, the model generated by using Double exponential Smoothing method is the best model to forecast the currency data with the lowest value of MAPE, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Square Error (MSE) compared to ARIMA method and Holt-Winter Additive method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An automotive industry in Malaysia contributed to the huge success in economic development. This study aims to investigate various factors that could affect the decision before deciding and purchasing a car as the first owner in Malaysia. The factors chosen have been considered by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This study could categorise as useful guideline for the first time car buyer and for automotive industry in Malaysia to seize challenges and further opportunities in preparing the first class service to customers. Besides, this study purpose is to identify the demography of respondents and most priority factors that could influenced car buyer to purchase a local and import car by using AHP. A total of 85 respondents have involved in this study, 72% consist of female and 28% of them are male. Besides, 49 of them have their own car and mostly buy their first car at the range age of 20-25 years' old. Results shows that the most priority criteria preferred the first time car are performance followed by safety system, economic aspect, technology, brand, after sales service and exterior where they present highest preference in performance as that is most important factor need to be considered before purchasing a car. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Student feedback is one of the important components in the learning and teaching process evaluation at various stages of higher level education in Malaysia. Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi MARA Sri Gading (KKTMSG) with eight departments is a location of study that have intakes twice a year, January-June (JJ) and July-December (JD). A continuous assessment by student has been executed over years and compulsory to fill in during the final examination week around May and November. Four objectives of this study are to determine if there is any correlation exist between Educator Mark with Total Marks of Personality and Teaching and Learning, to investigate if there is any correlation exist between Personality and its criteria, to explore if there is any correlation exist between Teaching and Learning and its each criteria and finally to determine if any association exist between Gender and Educator Mark with hypothesis null that both variables are independent. Main instrument used is a questionnaire with quantitative research design sur-vey technique consists of basic Demography, Personality and Teaching and Learning sections. The survey question is in a Likert scale start from 1 to 5 that represent Never, Almost Never, Sometimes, Almost Every Time and Every Time respectively. The dependent variable is an Educator Mark meanwhile the independent variables consists of 24 variables known as Semester, Year, Educator, Gender, Department, Student, 20 variables of criteria selection from Personality with 8 questions and from Teaching and Learning with 12 questions in a Likert scale. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and chi-square test have been adopted to this study. Result shows that 55.4% and 44.6% of the sample data are male and female respectively, which sounds reasonable represent the population of educator in KKTMSG and the highest respondent for both genders represent from PA Department. First objective presents a strong relationship with correlation value at 0.976 for Teaching and Learning compared to Personality and second objective shows all criteria have strong relationship with criteria Fairness, E presents highest correlation value at 0.976 compared to others. In the meantime, third objective 3 display similar result that criteria Committed During Teaching and Learning Process, T represents highest correlation value at 0.984 compared to others. All these results were based on significant p-value of less than 0.05. Finally, a Chi-Square Test conclude that Gender and Educator Mark are independent, and this shows that students are freely to evaluate educator in KKTMSG without consider or concern either the educator is male or female. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the criteria of an ideal partner among university student by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). A questionnaire survey has been distributed to respondents in nine faculties in UTHM with the total of 11 criteria of an ideal woman and 11 criteria of an ideal man have been listed for respondents to rank based on their priorities. The objective of the study is to determine the priority criteria of man and woman that most students considered before getting marriage. Some comparison of selection criteria for an ideal partner between Malay and non-Malay has been analysed. Result shows the main priority criteria for an ideal man are religious followed by responsible, loyal, honest, loving, mature, hygiene, ambitious, rich, intelligent and good looking. Meanwhile, the main priority criteria for an ideal woman are religious followed by honest, motherly, patient, beautiful, polite, cooking, friendly, cheerful, intelligent and independent. The comparison between non-Malay present the main criteria of an ideal man and ideal woman are responsible and beautiful. One of the significant findings throughout the research was majority of the respondents agreed that religious become the main criteria in selecting a right partner and highly significant difference in selection criteria of an ideal partner between Malay and non-Malay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous epidemiology record shows obvious trend of dengue fever that contribute to significant upsurge in the increasing number of dengue cases and deaths until the late nineteenth century with the sharp straight trend. This virus is transmitted to human by the bite of a female Aedes Aegypti mosquito, that could simply recognise by a white marking on its legs and lyre on the upper surface of its thorax. In Malaysia, dengue fever has been occurred since the first case in Penang around 1901 and continuously showed an intensity increment over the past few decades. The epidemics of dengue in Malaysia were observed predominantly confined to the densely populated and urbanised areas of Peninsular Malaysia (East of Malaysia) focusing in the Selangor state. Dengue cases that recorded in the nine district of Selangor state over seven years' period were used to ample evidence of dengue and peak transmission occurred in 2014, 2015 and 2019. The objective of this study was to access the dengue incidence rate according to the district in Selangor. The results were clustered by district based on the mean annual dengue incidence rate (DIR) values to classify the dengue risk categories. Among highest incidence rates were located at four districts; Petaling, Hulu Langat, Klang and Gombak where surrounding federal territory of Kuala Lumpur in the center of the region is on of main interest from high population densities and conclusion has been made that high DIR is strongly increase the risk of dengue incidence in that state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Error magnitude measurements are commonly used to assess various forecasting models or methods. However, accuracy in terms of error magnitude alone is not enough especially in the field of economics. The information on the directional behavior of the data is very important since if the forecast fails to predict the directional change effectively, it could cause huge negative impact on economic activities. Thus, in assessing economic forecast value, it is important to consider both the magnitudes and directional movements. The existing directional change error (DCE) was modified by comparing directional of two consecutive forecasts data with two consecutive actual data. The modified directional change error (mDCE) compares the directional between the actual and the forecast as a whole, however DCE compares them one by one. This gives mDCE an advantage as it provides overview information on the entire directional pattern of the data. Thus, an evaluation by mDCE would makes a directional forecast more reliable and forecaster could obtain better information on the depiction of the directional pattern of the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]