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This research aims to introduce an assistive physio arm designed to aid those who are paralyzed. This assistive arm may be activated by the patient's career or physician via a specifically designed app. Using the specially designed app, the physician may direct the assistive device to carry out the patient's arm movement. The arm allows the patient to twist, fold, and straighten their arm as directed by the doctor. It is projected that the existing dearth of careers and therapists serving physically challenged individuals in their homes would deteriorate and ultimately turn into a serious problem. Similarly, the number of patients in need of physical therapy for the upper extremities is rising continuously. According to recent studies, robotic tools could be able to help with this issue. There's still need for improvement since many of these technologies are not easily accessible in clinical settings. This project's objective is to compile an overview of robotic upper limb rehabilitation devices, including those that are still in the prototype stage, in order to provide a comprehensive reference regarding existing solutions and to facilitate the development of new and better devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advent of cloud computing, novel methods of system design have emerged. Cloud providers now offer computing power and storage as a service, allowing customers to outsource computations more extensively than ever before. As sensitive data migrates to the cloud, ensuring privacy and security becomes increasingly critical for users. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) presents a contemporary approach to address these concerns. As far as my knowledge extends, this appears to be the initial academic publication focused on FHE. The article employs not only to explore a systematic analysis of fully homomorphic encryption but also to assess its practical implementation feasibility with novel techniques. Various papers on FHE have been aimed at enhancing efficiency and reducing noise through innovative techniques. A novel algorithm has been introduced to enhance the security of data transfers. The final thematic modeling study of this paper ensures that all discussed articles center around cloud computing and FHE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays the number of consumer in the distribution system is increasing, the electricity demand and the number of capacitor bank installing is also increasing. Improper placement of capacitor bank leads to decrease the benefits of the system. In this article Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA) is proposed to find the optimal location and size of the capacitor. The objective of this work is to minimize power loss of the radial distribution system. The proposed method is implemented on IEEE 34 bus radial distribution system and the results are compared with DE-PS and PGS method. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol, which has been around for many years, is still gaining the expertise of research networks engaged in the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) industry. The effort of researchers has resulted in many extensive modifications to the LEACH method. Energy harvesting has naturally made its way into wireless sensor networks due to the necessity to maintain a long lifetime while adhering to strict energy limits. By more skillfully choosing energy-efficient cluster heads, it has been proposed to employ a modified version of the LEACH protocol, which stands for low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy. This study investigates the Modified LEACH on three distinct networks. It will be very clear from the calculations and findings that the recommended improvement to LEACH increases throughput and energy efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new technology that could be used to build objects is 3D printing. This technology is used to create new prototypes at anytime, anywhere in the world. Structures on the Moon or Mars can be created using automated three-dimensional printing. There was a focus on the innovative applications of additive manufacturing in biomedical, aerospace, building, and protective constructions. Alloys of metals, polymer composite, concrete and ceramics, were all discussed. This article also examined void formation, layer-by-layer computer design constraints, and anisotropic behaviour appearance. Overall, this study serves as a foundation for future research by providing an overview of 3D printing, as well as its benefits and drawbacks. The raw materials used in 3D printing must have the same fundamental properties as building materials. That is, printing mortars are made from readily available materials that can be reused. Because of these constraints, the cost of printing building objects is comparable to the cost of existing building. Additive printing, on the other hand, necessitates the use of specialised mortars. Setting time, printing system follow ability, compressive strength, shape stability of each printed layer, controlling hydration rate to ensure adhesion to the next layer, re-useability, and easy access to raw materials are all examples of this. To compete with traditional building methods, 3D printing must be affordable, the mortar components recyclable, and the printing process. This article provides an overview of construction-related materials that can be used for 3D printing. The materials on display were rated according to building material technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some of the most common methods employed for protein estimation include Bradford's assay, Lowry's assay, and the BCA assay. Activated furans have been reported to react with amine functionalities to afford highly coloured Donor Acceptor Stenhouse Adducts (DASAs). In this study, we have explored the scope of employing 1,3 Dimethyl barbituric acid activated furan (BAF) as a potential dye for the colorimetric estimation of proteins. We have successfully demonstrated this protein quantitation assay using BAF can be used to estimate proteins at a concentration range of 1.5-5mg/ml. To test the efficacy of the assay, unknown protein estimation was performed and compared with the existing protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A few assistive or adaptive technology gadgets are necessary for any person with a handicap or impairment to live independently on a daily basis. Disabled persons may confidently live their lives thanks to assistive and adaptive technology. For movement, sitting, and placement, the majority of persons with mobility disabilities rely on assistive equipment like wheelchairs. The individual has a loss of confidence while navigating slopey terrain while in a wheelchair. Fearing that they might fall, he or she was terrified. This inspired the development of an engineering solution for those with physical disabilities who rely on wheelchairs for movement. The primary issue with wheelchair placement when navigating hills is addressed by the suggested technique. Modern wheelchairs may be moved via a variety of techniques, including hand gestures, brain control, mobile apps, and joysticks. However, the majority of wheelchairs include fixed seats, making them unsuitable for sloping terrain. The auto-balancing system in this article is meant to automatically alter the seating posture so that a person feels comfortable sitting flat. The plan's gyroscope detects the slope angle in real time and provides the Arduino controller with the appropriate signal to spin the wheel drive in the right directions and bring the seats back to the level position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the continuous development and burgeoning of AI powered technologies, the fruit classifier can benefit a lot of applications such as autonomous fruit harvesting and fruit disease detection assistant. Machine Learning is a revolutionary technique and has been a trending research and experimentation topic in the recent past years. It has been implemented to solve most day-to-day problems. However, there are more complex real-world challenges like computer vision and artificial intelligence that cannot be solved using normal machine learning techniques. In various fields, the Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) helps to classify the image and drive way to predict the accuracy rate of the classification. The detailed procedure on this work uses a deep learning technique for fruit classification. The fruit classification paves a very good example for a fine-grained image classification problem. Fine grained classification is challenging due to subtle differences among the images pertaining to each class. In the proposed CNN model, 6 primary classes, high quality fruit images with 81 classes, totally 57213 number of images are taken for training and evaluation procedure from Fruits 360 dataset. For unsupervised learning, GANs machine learning model has been used to predict more accuracy by creating new set of images that featured our own data. Dropout strategies are used to change the network itself in order to prevent overfitting and the SoftMax layer used as a activation function to ensure the input is to recorded for process or not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to compare the electromyographic (EMG) activation and weight lifted during standing, seated and lying-seated shoulder press among trained men. A total of thirty trained men that are physically active and have at least one year experience in fitness training and having good techniques in shoulder press exercise were recruited as study participants. Participants were required to perform all three protocols of shoulder press exercise in a randomised order to avoid bias in the exercise sequence. EMG reading was taken at anterior deltoid and triceps brachii. Weight lifted was measured based on one repetition maximum (1RM) test. The results showed that the EMG reading were not significant between all conditions. However, lying seated and seated position permit participants to lift heavier loads compared to standing. This result could be due to the seated position which allowed participants to be in stable condition and can focus on lifting heavier weights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to compare the absolute and relative peak and mean Ground Reaction Force (GRF) generated by both Conventional Deadlift (CDL) and Romanian Deadlift (RDL) during concentric and eccentric phase as determined by force plate. The time to peak force between these two deadlifts was also compared. Twenty recreationally active male in weight training (age 21.34±1.82 years; body height 170.24±5.71m; body mass 65.34±4.48 kg) were recruited to perform the RDL and CDL. The participant would stand upright with both feet on top of the force platform. Two repetitions of 90% of the participant 1RM deadlift is done. The participant is then allowed to take a 5-minute rest before continuing the same routine for another two set. After 3 sets of 2 reps of CDL or RDL, he is allowed to rest for 3 days before continuing for the next session. The same participant is then required to do the RDL or CDL until each one of them completed both the CDL and RDL session. One tri-axial AMTI force platform with data sampling rate of 1000 Hz were used to collect kinetic data. A repeated measure multivariate analysis of variances (MANOVA) was used to examine the differences in the variables with the significance level set at p<.05. Result showed significant difference found between the Conventional and Romanian deadlift in term of absolute and relative peak and mean concentric force. CDL showed a higher GRF during concentric compared to RDL. Time taken to peak force is also faster in CDL compared to RDL. There is no significant difference found during eccentric movement between CDL and RDL. Overall, the findings showed that there are different biomechanical responses with different types of the deadlift in different phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), also known as a drone, is an airborne system that is remotely controlled by an operator or an internal computer which plays an integral part in the defense system. The Indian Army makes use of these UAVs for surveillance and to collect intelligence, target missions and survey the borders as part of key operations. They also work and identify security and terrorism challenges and reveals vulnerable areas. In order to make the robots to coordinate each other for a particular work and to keep work if any drone is faulty there is a need for multi-Robot coordination which is the collaboration of multiple drone s and the synchronization of their actions such that the entire system is robust and serves a particular application. Here the drones in a swarm share intelligence with each other so that they can work together as a coordinated group and communicate with each other by means of wireless communication. Hence they are equipped with sensors to meet this requirement for a specific task and this task allocation among the UAVs are carried out by centralized control. In the proposed work, a system of autonomous UAVs is coordinated based on the complexity of the sub-tasks which makes dynamic decisions during coordination. The preliminary results of the proposed work shows improved results in coordination among robots compared to the existing system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, mechanically alloyed Al7075-15 wt% Al2O3 composite powder was consolidated by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) with back pressure. The powder was filled in an aluminum can and ECAPed at Room temperature with back pressure. The physical and mechanical properties of ECAPed samples were evaluated via Young'sModulus, density and hardness measurements. The ECAPed samples showed in a nearly full denser (99% of its theoretical density) compact at room temperature. The young's modulus of ECAPed specimen was measured using longitudinal and shear wave sound velocities by ultrasonic pulse-echo technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Function approximation is one of basic subtasks in engineering design. Current study is focused on development and adaption of function approximation algorithms based on higher order wavelet method. Two case studies are implemented in order to validate the proposed function approximation models. The theoretical study is validated by numerical analysis. The accuracy and the numerical rate of convergence with respect to mesh, also the complexity of the implementation depend on generalized wavelet model parameter value utilized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the future, data traffic is expected to increase exponentially, which current mobile technologies will be unable to manage. As a result, next-generation wireless communication is required, to provide a high-capacity data rate. The desired capacity and data rate can be reached by using a better modulation and multiple access method. Although Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is a compelling alternative for high-speed wireless communications, it lacks frequency diversity. Furthermore, due to frequency reuse, OFDMA suffers from nearby cell interference. Spreading has thus been added to provide diversity in frequency and allow a single frequency to be reused in a cellular setting. Orthogonal Frequency and Code Division Multiplexing (OFCDM) achieves diversity improvements in multiuser environments by using the two-dimensional (2D) spreading in both the time and frequency domains. Furthermore, the changeable spreading factors (SF) provide OFCDM systems with transmission rate and diversity gain flexibility. The conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) networks used have a restriction on the number of connections that can be made due to time-frequency resources. Two or more users are overlaid over an identical physical resource (e.g., power, frequency, time, or code) to offer a factor of overloading more than one in a non-orthogonal (NOMA) system. Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) is based on the code domain that increases the spectral efficiency and massive connectivity needed for next-generation networks. In this work, considering the merits of SCMA and OFCDMA, they are integrated and their performance is investigated through software simulations. The comparison of bit error rate (BER) with the varying signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of SCMA over OFCDM tones is investigated under different fading channels and the significance of spreading factors is analyzed to arrive at an optimum value. The findings reveal that SCMA-OFCDMA excels in terms of error rate and throughput. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a rise in the increase of transport vehicles in recent years which has created a need of efficient utilization of the vehicles that are managed by large organizations. Efficient utilization of these vehicles can reduce the operational costs and also the usage of fuels. The proposed project uses dynamic and predictive approach to optimize the number of operating vehicles. The data collected is classified using Decision Tree Algorithm and further the prediction of strength of passengers is done by KNN Algorithm thereby using two layers of ML algorithm in a stacked manner. This could largely enhance the accuracy of the required prediction and provide the optimized vehicle requirement a n d hassle-free travel experience to passengers as the strength of the vehicles and routes are dynamically monitored and any change of schedule is intimated to avoid confusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media has become such an integral part of our daily lives for communication, information dissemination, and social interaction, but it has also become a hub to market and publicize illicit goods and wildlife products. Illegal Wildlife trade has become one of the leading contributors to the extinction and endangerment of several species as it indirectly encourages Hunting and Poaching. This digital wildlife marketplace includes the use of popular social media and e-commerce platforms that enable creation, sharing, and promotion of content including the direct-to-consumer sale of wildlife and related products. Pinpointing the location of these illegal operations is hard even for the respective Enforcers and Authorities without proper evidence and data. Machine Learning can be used to automatically monitor and assess illegal wildlife trade on social media and e-commerce platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physically challenged people without hands unable to read books though they had interest of reading books. They feel difficulties while changing the pages of book, for that purpose they need help from another person. The objective of the proposed model is to help them by flipping the pages. It is achieved through processing the voice commands from the receiver by the module and then it is transmitted to the Arduino UNO. The Bluetooth module is used as receiver on one end whereas on the other end the commands are sent by android smart phones using application named AMR (Appen Mobile Recorder) voice application. The servos are used to receive PWM (Pulse width modulation) signal form Arduino. Totally four servos and one gear motor are used in the proposed system. In which first two servos are used for clamping the pages, third servo is used for flipping the pages on the rear end of book and fourth servo is used for changing the position of gear motor from one end of book to the other. The gear motor is used to pull up the page by tractive force due to friction. And the relay modules are getting manipulated by voice commands to control rotational direction of the gear motor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing amount of space debris poses a risk to every space-vehicle and it turns out to be very deadly if it is a spacecraft carrying humans. Furthermore, with the burgeoning rate of space junk, there might soon come a point where this debris interferes with the capacity to utilise weather satellites and consequently reduce the efficiency of weather predictions. Hence space debris has become a serious menace. Significant damage to already working satellites is caused due to collisions at orbital velocities which also results in an increase in future space debris. To combat this threat, the International Space Station and certain other spacecrafts have been armoured. However, owing to the addition of armour and mitigation devices, satellites and human spaceflight vehicles like shuttles become exceedingly expensive and heavy. This research paper is a semi-technical overview that discusses space junk's growing literature and investigates the many origins, methods of measurement, impacts, and mitigation approaches. It also suggests several approaches for dealing with this issue more effectively and efficiently. This paper explains the many approaches for capturing space debris, including the utilisation of a nanobot and nanotube mesh system for recycling and energy generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Majority of the data present around the world is unstructured. Analyzing and decoding this data in a constructive way is the key to creating a positive impact in any domain. Sentiment analysis is a major technique for the classification and prediction of emotions into positive and negative. While performing sentiment analysis, the major issues faced include linguistic barriers, the polarity of tweets, and the limitation of sentiments. Apart from this, collecting data from various social media platforms is also a difficult task. This paper proposes the automation of the whole process. The data from various sources are collected by the bots, which are created using UiPath. This data, in the form of datasets, are then sent to google translator to eliminate linguistic issues and convert them to plain English. The translated data is then further processed using NLP techniques and Stanford Library to increase the machine's adeptness. After this, for the classification of sentiments, the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) algorithm is used. At the end of this process, the bots collect the final report and send it in the form of an email. The bot will be programmed in such a way that it repeats the process periodically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work focuses on the numerical investigation of fluid flow due to dam-break with a simplified building model. OpenFOAM®, an open source computational fluid dynamics tool was used to run the three-dimensional dam-break simulation. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was used to track the free surface or phase fraction(α) between two fluid interface. The results from the simulation are post-processed using Paraview. Liquid phase evolution at various time steps and flood wave impact on the different zones in the domain are discussed. In the downstream region, a low pressure wake zone was identified in the vicinity of the building. To escape from the dam-break flooding, the safer regions are identified through the simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its creation to the world, the optical tweezers are attracting the researchers to the use of its non-contact and trapping traits. It has a great application inside the field of physics, medical, Nano science and still is going on. In this evaluation, we can explain the advent of optical tweezers and its utilization of its characteristics in multiple fields. Starting, we will explain approximately the optical tweezers, and then we can give an explanation for the usage of its traits in scientific fields like manipulating the biological cells. Then, usage of optical tweezers in vacuum areas by way of moving the particle within the vacuum space. At last, we will talk about the trapping and transportation of the nanoparticle to be able to be useful for manipulating the floor Plasmon resonance inside the nanoparticle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discusses about the uses of ultrasonic welding(USW) to combine two delrin materials (plastic materials). Specification are divided into two categories. They're the ones who establish the machine's startup and operational specifications. The weld strength is heavily influenced by the running specifications. To determine the strength of the weld, several Specifications like time, hold time, delay time were varied during the process. After the process of welding, several tests were carried out on the fused materials to determine the material's weld strength. The material's tensile strength improves when the running background were improved. Derlin materials are widely used in Impellers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A printed antenna for wideband structure with a microstrip line is addressed for ultra-wideband (UWB) communications. The introduced antenna pattern contains a beveled ground surface in order to enhance impedance bandwidth. The deliberate effect indicates that the addressed antenna attains a full 7.9 GHz bandwidth from 3.1 to 11 GHz for VSWR˂ 2. Stable patterns of radiation and gain are achieved across the full UWB. Ultra-wideband performance is also validated through the distribution of surface current. Measured results validate that the addressed antenna can operate in the complete range of UWB due to the reduction in size and matching. The design starts with a very basic and well-known rectangular monopole antenna. It then changes the antenna geometry to improve the bandwidth. The antenna dimensions are optimized using a 3-D electromagnetic simulator based on the finite element approach and a parametric analysis of each dimension. The optimized antenna is built on a low-cost FR4 (fiberglass epoxy) substrate with final dimensions of 40 36 mm2. The antenna's properties were tested in an anechoic laboratory, yielding an omnidirectional radiation pattern with an operating frequency range of 2.7 to 11.4 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microstructure Evaluation and thermal properties of fourth generation reactor materials and also very useful reactor material namely modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel for various thicknesses. The results are compared with literature values and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report warm development estimations on cutting edge reactor pressure tubes, D9 compound. The beginning material is in the size of 11 mm width pole of D9 combination. The bar is arrangement tempered at 1343 K for thirty minutes. The normal grain size in the wake of strengthening in the scope of 25-35m.from metallographic method. The bar is then twisted in strain to bestow 20% virus work and its isothermally strengthened at 1073K in the reach between 0.5 to 1000h.The thermal extension was completed and the outcomes are related with ultrasonic estimations, metallographic and photograph acoustic examinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a method for the clear identification of materials using a TOF-SIMS. TOF-SIMS method whereby the accurate and reproducible chemical depth distributions of atomic and molecular surface analysis identification on the nanometer scale. TOF-SIMS depth profiles was demonstrated with the PHI TRIFT V nano TOF using a Ga+ cluster LMIG to observe the structure of a spontaneously identified elements of D9 alloy. The high sensitivity of nano TOF's TRIFT analyzer, combined with new ion beam Technologies for nondestructive molecular depth profiling, enables 2D visualization of molecular structures compared with depth profile for PA techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth of e-commerce in Indian market witnesses the emergence of new consumer group known as e-consumers. Due to extreme involvement of consumers purchasing goods/services through online mode, consumers required protection against online fraud. As majority transactions are through online consumer protection should be availed through online. The main objective of the study is to know about the e-consumer awareness towards e-commerce consumer protection Act 2019, what are the guidelines and measures taken by the e-consumers protection act to protect the interest of e-consumers towards online trading. The study is based on both primary and secondary data, we have used Percentage analysis and chi-square test. So, this paper aims to examine the awareness about e-commerce guidelines for consumer protection 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this digital era, the amount of sensitive data getting transferred every day is very high, the digitization of all data brought a lot of advantages along with serious security threats. The security standards exist in present scenario provides three basic services such as Confidentiality, Integrity, and Authentication (CIA), the two common types of symmetric and asymmetric algorithms are being used at different levels and capacities. The emerging of new technologies and high computing facilities makes the existing standards vulnerable to different attacks and security threats. There is a need of developing a new set of cryptographic algorithms those are quantum-safe, which means, the arrival of quantum computers can break any sized keywithin a polynomial solvable time, the quantum computers can do prime factorization in realistic time complexities. There are new and smart cryptanalysis emerging to break the existing standards such as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and RSA, these algorithms are ruling the cyber world for more than two decades. In this research paper, a new concept of using polynomials to encrypt and decrypt data is proposed, however, the power of polynomials are not fully explored in cryptography, we use Newton Raphson method and its advancements to implement a new cryptography algorithm that is more accurate and faster than existing standards. The proposed algorithm doesn't use any fixed size to avoid cryptanalysis and attacks based on key sizes, the highly intensive computing can break any length of key in realistic time delays, so variable sized key solves this problem in our approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]