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In this work, cross sections 98Mo (p, ɤ) 99Tc reaction as a function with proton energy from (6.0-44) MeV are used according to the available data. In reciprocity theory, it was derived the mathematical formula for98Mo (p, ɤ) 99Tc based on the nuclear characteristics of the nuclei, which include mass, half-life, decay mode, rotation and equality, and great quantity. High probability was deduced to produced 99Tc because it is the most important in use such radioactive pharmaceutical for diagnostic research in nuclear medication. This study shows that the half-life of Mo98 is six hours and releases 140 keV photons when decaying to be 99Tc with half-life of 214,000 yrs. These zero mass particles are preferably used in well-organized recognition by sparkling tools gamma cameras, for example. The statistics collected by the camera were analysed to produce complete, structural, and practical pictures. Imaging of the brain, bones, liver, spleen, kidney, and other organs as well as studies on blood flow include several chemical processes. In other words, the highest potential for technetium anta is when the energy of the proton falling on the target nucleus (molybdenum) is (12, 31, and 42.2) MeV where the values of the cross-sections are (0.1, 0.1014, and 0.1011) barn respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assessment of radioactivity within the human body is one of the main procedures for assessing safety in nuclear facilities, resulting in the welfare of workers who engage in handling of unsealed radioactive materials in their daily activities. In this study assess t e internal exposure for the employees of the Iraqi Nuclear Research Center (INRC) to radioactive material in their work. A total of 65 radiation workers worked in the Iraqi Nuclear Research Center, 52 workers deal directly with the radioactive material, their ages ranged from 32-61 years, and 13 Administrative staff in the same centerwho did not deal with radiation, their ages ranged from 32-59 years. Each worker was scanned for 900 seconds utilising a RADEK SEG-10P Whole Body Counter (WBC) Spectrometer chair equipped with two detectors BDEG-80 (or one BDEG-150) and BDEG-25 specialised to detecting the integrated gamma-radiating radionuclide content of the entire human body, the human lungs, and the human thyroid gland. The aim of this work is to assses the internal exposure for each radionuclide of interest was then calculated using the ICRP Publication, the IAEA Safety Report, and the BSRP in the committed effective dosage. The data demonstrate that no internal exposure was found in any of the radiation workers who were monitored. This could imply that radiological work procedures at these institutions are properly developed and strictly adhered to by the staff. Routine internal exposure monitoring, on the other hand, should be undertaken on a frequent basis to guarantee greater protection and safety for radiation workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research aimed to the nuclear fuel reflects the transformation of the power generation industry and consequences of the Fukushima accident. Accident tolerant fuel should handle load follow operation longer time irradiation time and in parallel withstand Design Basis Conditions. To reasonable predict and validate designed fuel performance it is necessary to benchmark the computational tools against high quality experimental data. Therefore, this paper demonstrates computational capabilities of the FEMAXI-6 code to predict thermomechanical parameters of ATF type fuel. Two rods with Cromium dopped fuel with large grain size were of interest within Halden High Initial Rating experiment, where the fuel was exhibited to high power rate at the level of 400 W/cm directly from the beginning of experiment. The calculations of FEMAXI-6 code were carried out with its standard capabilities and available models and sensitivity analyses was performed to identify the most representing definitions. Prediction of the fuel center temperature was in good agreement with measurements, where the main discrepancies were obtained in the first period of the irradiation. FGR as well as rod pressure were underpredicted in both rods and the code limitations were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes the role of atomic energy in the energy balance and the nuclear industry development strategies of countries. The development problems of the Russian nuclear industry, which is the most important condition for ensuring energy independence and stable growth of the country's economy, have been identified. The paper describes the specifics of atomic energy, its strengths and weaknesses, as well as risks and opportunities. A brief overview of the theoretical fundamentals of the modern theory of clusters and various scientific approaches to the concept of a cluster is given, the domestic nuclear industry development specifics are shown, and the existence of the nuclear industry cluster in Russia, its effective functioning, and successful development is justified. The mechanism of state management and financial support of the nuclear industry cluster has been formulated, and the role of its research complex in the Russian nuclear industry development has been determined. The expediency of improving the mechanism for managing and funding the research complex of the nuclear industry cluster using the model of creating a state fund for supporting scientific, research, and innovative activities in the field of atomic energy has been justified, which, among other things, will improve the efficiency of budgetary expenditures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INFN "Gran Sasso National Laboratory" (Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso - LNGS) is the largest underground laboratory in the world devoted to neutrino and astroparticle physics. Internally, the Mechanics service is focused on design and manufacturing of complex devices for both nuclear and astroparticle physics research and industrial technology transfer. Among its activities there are: traditional and CNC machining, quality control, mechanical design, multi-physics simulations, reverse engineering, and Additive Manufacturing (AM) both for plastic and metallic materials. In the INFN context, it poses itself as a reference for Additive Manufacturing (AM), quality analysis and chemical characterization. Intense activities, often in collaboration with other international laboratories, universities, and industries, are ongoing in this field. The service is equipped with an L-PBF machine, based on the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology. Materials such as Copper (e.g., OFHC / 99.8%), Copper alloy (e.g., CuCrZr), Steel alloys (e.g., AISI 316L) and Aluminum alloys (e.g., SCALMALOY®) are currently used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To extend the research possibilities of the nuclear research group at Brno University of Technology, a gamma radiation shielding measurement benchmark assembly was designed and built. Experimental device will be used for fine attenuation coefficient and build-up factors measurement and for easy validation of theoretical simulation and calculation of shielding properties of selected materials. Many different radioactive emitters can be used in the assembly, as well as many different detectors and materials, which might be tested, and results compared to understand well measurement results. A theoretical model was also created for the benchmark assembly and simulated in MCNP. Initial results show identical trends of values obtained by simulation and practical experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding power electronics subjects for electrical maintenance of nuclear research reactor workers is essential following wide applications and competency requirements in this field. This understanding can be obtained by providing affordable capacity building such as self-exercise as well as the appropriate tools to be employed by the worker himself, known as self-improvement capacity building using virtual laboratory approaches. This research aims to answer this challenge by demonstrating the capacity building in evaluating and assessing power electronics using vitual instruments based on the LabVIEW graphic language. The development is carried out for SCR, MOSFET, and IGBT switching tools in inverter applications. The inverter is selected due to the automation industry's well-known equipment, such as in nuclear reactor electrical applications. To show the applicability of the virtual instrument, industrial-class IoT data acquisition was also implemented for real applications of virtual laboratory instruments using test facilities ExNAL (Eksperimen Kanal) in PTKRN BATAN15. This ExNAL thermohydraulic test facility function to test the cooling system of a specific fuel element of RSG-GAS 30 MWth research reactor. The results obtained show the stages of designing, measuring, and analyzing these various switching components, presented comprehensively. This study also demonstrated the ease in analyzing the various characteristics of these power electronic components using virtual graphic programs. The results also showed the effectiveness of switching SCR, MOSFET, and IGBT on the inverter application from the switching time point of view with input triggers from the various duty cycle of PWM. In addition, the ExNAL voltage and current monitoring were also presented here to illustrates the effectiveness of the virtual instrument. It can be concluded that this research is very beneficial to improve understanding of power electronics by providing clear visualization and analysis of the results [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a preface for the 1st International Interdisciplinary Conference on Energy, Nano Technology, and Internet of Things (ENT 2023). The conference aimed to provide a platform for participants from academia, industry, and research institutes to discuss recent advancements in these fields. The conference received global attention with 140 research articles from various countries, including the United States, South Korea, and the United Kingdom. The selected papers were considered for publication in AIP Conference Proceedings, and five keynote sessions were delivered by eminent scientists. The document expresses gratitude to all participants and organizers for the success of the conference. [Extracted from the article]

The synergy has always led to the renaissance of production of many new substances but the same also has led to the decrease in the efficiency of many of the processes that has led to cause considerable changes. The chemistry of the fuel is one of those fields, which has seen greater effect for effecting the restructuring and redistribution of the fuel. Collaboration of solid state research with nuclear fuels has led to the improved technologies to be fostered inorder to reach the 100% efficacy. High temperatures and thermal gradients existing in the fuel acts as a driving force for many processes, resulting in interaction of the fuel with the substances like clad in nuclear reactor. So an attempt was made to study the effect of Chromium carbide, the product of thermal carburisation of oxide that is formed as a protective layer of clad, on the thermal decomposition of oxohalate. Also a comparative study of effect of chromium, its oxide and its carbide are presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nuclear energy is now one of the most impactful forms of energy generation today, and it is still widely utilized. This research presents a pre-analysis on the Characterization of Coolant Monitoring System for Nuclear Research Reactor Digital Instrumentation. The process passes from the primary coolant system to the Nuclear Research Reactor Digital Instrumentation monitoring system. Less study was conducted on variable modelling to determine the lifespan of PUSPATI TRIGA Reactor (RTP) operations in Malaysia. The principal coolant deprived the heat exchanger's performance and temperature regulation for prediction analysis data. This paper presents an analysis for pre-studied modelling for preventive maintenance on cooling monitoring systems for plant reactor at RTP. Data collection on the flow, temperature, and pressure for the cooling monitoring system was identified for both primary and secondary conditions. A day data was collected based on the interarrival time that is counted about 1000k+ data in time. Basic statistics based on the water flow, temperature, and pressure were analyzed. The result presents a normal condition status for the coolant system at RTP. The characterization of data is important in modelling future analysis for digital preventive maintenance. The significance of this study is to ensure that RTP's primary coolant system is functioning well and to raise awareness of the possibility of an accident occurring without proper monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of the experimental investigation of temperature modes in different points of the spent fuel storage tank with various modes of the tank cooling. A device for simultaneous temperature measuring at point at various depth is developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nuclear Research reactor with light water as a coolant has a cooling system equipped with a delay chamber component. The delay chamber function is to reduce the light water flow which gives time for active nuclides such as Nitrogen-16 (N-16) to decay at the permissible threshold. The specification document states a minimum residence time inside the delay chamber is 50 seconds. However, it is necessary to do experimental related to the residence time as a comparison value as well as evaluation for validation. Numerical analysis using computations fluid dynamics (CFD) with scaling models has been carried out. The scale model simulation results show a residence time of 15.6 seconds, which the result will be validated using the Ishi-Kataoka method to scale up the value and obtained an error of 10.09%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this research is to assess the air quality around Rembang Steam Power Plant, through the mass concentration of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP), identification of heavy metals and radionuclides using nuclear analysis technique. Identification of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, Sb and As) was determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) method using thermal neutrons from the Kartini nuclear research reactor, while for radionuclide identification (Ra-226, Ra-228, Th- 232 and K-40) was determined using gamma spectrometry. The characteristics of TSP mass concentrations at six locations ranged from 41.9 - 61.6 µg/m3, these values have met the requirement of WHO air quality. For radionuclide activity, the lowest value was 3.35 µBq/m3 of Th-232 and the highest value was 62.17 µBq/m3 of K-40. According to Nuclear Energy Regulatory Agency of Indonesia, the recommendation value for Th-232 radioactivity is below 2300 µBq/m3. Analysis of heavy metal using NAA method showed that heavy metal concentration ranged from 0.14 µBq/m3 for Arsenic (As) until 7.83 µBq/m3 for Zinc (Zn). This result indicates that heavy metal concentration is below average threshold standard of heavy metals in air set by WHO. This research indicates that air quality around Rembang Steam Power Plant with a distance of about 1 until 2.3 km from flue gas stuck are still under control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Spin Physics Detector (SPD) is a planned set-up for spin physics research at one of the two interaction points at the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) that is under construction at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. Effective studying of the nucleon spin structure in colliding polarized proton beams is possible with the pp collision luminosity L = = 1x1032cm−2s−1 at the energy range of Ecm = 27 GeV. Reaching of necessary level of the luminosity is connected with the accumulation n ~2x1013 particles in each of the collider rings and solving the problems of stable beam dynamics. Building of the collider ring impedance model is necessary step for determining at the design stage possible limitations on the stored beam intensity, and reducing the influence of the impedance effect on the beam dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Serial production of superconducting (SC) magnets for the Nuclotron Ion-based fAcility (NICA) and Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) projects is currently underway at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, Russia [1]. SC-coil electrical parameters should be checked before each stage of assembling and cryogenic testing to avoid faults, such as inter-turn short circuit and insulation failure. A system for checking of SC-magnets electrical parameters is described in this paper. The results obtained by this system are presented and outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The acquisition of experimental data is an integral part of all modern high-energy physics experiments. This task is of particular importance in the experiments of the NICA project, which is currently under construction at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, due to the high interaction rate of heavy ion collision events and the complexity of detector systems. During experiments sessions, not only the collected experimental data are important, but also parameters and conditions under which the experiments are conducted. To record and store all the information, the shift crew needs a structured and systematized online electronic journal. The article presents a new implementation of the Online Logbook System designed to automate the latter process for the NICA experiments. The Logbook System allows collaboration members to record information during experiment runs on current events, operation conditions of the detectors and their parameters, which are further used in raw data processing, reconstruction and physics analysis of the particle collision events in the experiments. A new version of the Electronic Logbook has been implemented as a configurable platform to be used in different experiments on particle collisions, such as a fixed target BM@N and collider MPD and SPD experiments of the NICA project. In addition, the specialized API and user Web service developed for viewing, changing and searching for the required logbook data, as well as a set of auxiliary services and a common deployment system are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a significant reduction of time spent on research to obtain meaningful results in scientific fields, the computing resources of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) and some organizations of its Member States were integrated into a distributed information and computing environment (DICE). The technical possibility for running tasks in the environment was implemented for users of the BM@N, MPD and Baikal-GVD collaborations. The resources not occupied by computational tasks within the main scientific fields of JINR are used to conduct studies on the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes the COVID-19 disease. In addition, the paper gives a description of the DICE technical implementation, lists the participating organizations and provides some statistics on the use of their resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A precision hybrid magnetic three-arm «SCAN-3» spectrometer is being developed at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. The spectrometer is designed to detect charged particles (π±, K±, p) and neutrons produced in the target by collisions of the NUCLOTRON high-interactive beam particles with target nuclei. One of the tasks of the spectrometer is to detect neutrons from the decay of the η-meson nucleus via nπ- and pn- channels. To complete this task, two arms of the spectrometer will be created that consist of six multilayer neutron detectors based on scintillation blocks. The characteristics of a neutron detector that consists of five scintillation blocks are considered. The detector was studied using the cosmic rays and the neutron beam produced by the stripping reaction of the NUCLOTRON extracted deuteron beam on a fixed target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents measurements of the noise characteristics of silicon photomultipliers in the temperature range from 27.7 °C to 39.1 °C, as well as study of the response of the detector prototypes with Ketek and Hamamatsu SiPM readout to the light source at different voltages. The prototype with SiPM readout from Ketek was tested at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Nuclotron deuteron beam at the energy of 4 GeV/nucleon. Time resolution and amplitude of the signal have been estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zirconium alloys are the materials of choice for nuclear fuel cladding due to low thermal neutron absorption, with excellent thermal and mechanical properties. As part of defence in depth concept, zirconium-based cladding shall be able to maintain its integrity and prevent the release of fission products to the reactor core. In particular, chemical degradation, due to corrosion, hydriding and pellet-cladding interaction, can compromise the fundamental safety functions of fuel cladding. Due to the risks of such chemical degradation of zirconium alloys, various countries undertake divergent regulatory approaches to ensure the integrity of fuel cladding. This research paper is the first attempt to review these regulatory approaches and to provide a technical basis for future regulation development for the safety of nuclear power plants. This research comprises of literature review of various factors that cause fuel failures in the operation of light water reactors as well as the prevalent international safety standards and regulations developed by several countries. Corrosion can cause oxide layer build-up that reduce heat transfer during accident condition. Excessive hydrogen uptake can cause embrittlement during loss-of-coolant accident. Pellet-cladding interaction causes fuel failure during normal operation of nuclear reactors. The research on chemical degradation of zirconium cladding remains intensive that continues to enhance the protection of fuel cladding. Based on the available knowledge in nuclear research community, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has established international standards to ensure the highest reliability of fuel cladding, from operation to accident conditions. Regulatory bodies around the world aspire to adopt these internationally agreed standards. However, they also implement the national codes and standards in addition to these international standards that are relevant to their existing nuclear fleet. There is no unique regulatory approach in ensuring the integrity of fuel claddings from chemical degradation, but all reflect the strong commitment of the international community to the highest level of nuclear safety. Bapeten and other regulatory bodies need to review such varying regulatory approaches and adopt the most sensible and reliable regulatory regimes that are relevant to their domestic needs, circumstances, and capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on nuclear forces between the nucleon and the hyperon has been studied mainly on experiments on measuring the binding energy of hypernuclei. We thought that we understood the hyperon-nucleon force because theoretical models based on experimental data could reproduce many hypernuclear data. However, for recent H Λ 4 (pnnΛ) and He Λ 4 (ppnΛ) data, the theoretical Λ Λ model does not reproduce the binding energies of the ground and excited states. In these two hypernuclei, only p and n are replaced by one, and the expected binding energy is simply expected to be dominant due to the effect of Coulomb force. Experimental data show differences that cannot be explained by the theoretical model and the problem called charge symmetry breaking (CSB) in ΛN interaction. The key to solving the problem is to measure Λn forces that have not been measured with good accuracy. To measure the force between Λ and n, which cannot perform direct scattering experiments, we are preparing an experiment to measure the K+ production cross-section modified by the Λn final state interaction in the γd→K+Λn reaction. The experiment will be performed with a real photon beamline generated from a 1.3 GeV electron synchrotron in Research Center for Electron Photon Science (ELPH), Tohoku University. In the beamline, we have been conducting K0Λ production experiments using the NKS2 spectrometer. We are developing a new detector to measure K+, and report on it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is emphasized the importance of using radioisotope products in industry, science and medicine. Information is given on the generation of isotope products in the IVV-2M research reactor of Research Institute of Nuclear Materials, and the plans for expanding the range of radioisotopes produced. The features of the selenium-75 isotope production are described. The necessity of thermohydraulic simulation of the target for producing selenium-75 in the conditions of the IVV-2M reactor is substantiated. The process of constructing a solid-state model of the target and simulating the thermal conditions for the production of isotopes is described. In this work, the analysis of thermohydraulic processes was performed with Solidworks Flow Simulation software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calculations and analysis of residual energy emissions in the storage pit of irradiated fuel assemblies of the IVV-2M research nuclear reactor and a 3D model of the passive heat removal system was developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design considerations of the intense positron facility being setup at Research reactor at Bhabha Atomic Research Center is presented here. A thin sheet of cadmium will convert the intense thermal neutron flux present near reactor core to a high energy gamma ray flux. These gamma rays will cause electron positron pair production in tungsten mesh assembly which are placed close by. These convertor tungsten mesh assembly are designed to have high surface area and they will act as moderators too thus emitting the slow positrons. GEANT and FLUKA Monte Carlo codes are used to optimize the design parameters of the cadmium sheet and the tungsten mesh assembly. A final intensity close to 2×109 e+/sec is predicted for this facility [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several research groups in the world have measured ground motion to estimate its influence on the parameters of particles in accelerators (e.g. luminosity, emittance). The chosen topics of the problem of influence of ground motion on vibrations of particle accelerators are discussed in this paper. The main purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the methods and techniques that can be utilized for estimating the impact of vibrations on the stability of the beam circulating inside a synchrotron(or moving within an accelerator in general). Specifically the paper presents the detailed results from the measurements performed at SOLARIS (National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Cracow) and CERN (European Centre for Nuclear Research, Geneva). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The features of design and current information support of operation of research nuclear reactor IVV-2M are described. Data on design code of the ICC intended for calculation of energy release in separate cells of reactor are given. Features of the code, causing the need for long manual preparation and input of the original data and excluding the calculation of energy release in real time. The article describes the program’s algorithm development that support the operator of the research nuclear reactor IVV-2M which able to solve this problem. The program envisages the simplification of input data for calculation, and automatic collection of data for the calculation by changing the position of the governing bodies of the reactor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At research nuclear reactors, isotopes are accumulated for various purposes including sources of beta radiation. For transportation use containers made of heavy materials (for example lead, tungsten). They have good protective properties but when braking beta radiation, powerful secondary gamma radiation can occur. To solve this problem, the mechanism of the occurrence of bremsstrahlung is considered. A model of the process is described its regularity is formulated, and the dependence of the electron energy loss in the material is derived. The diagram of radiation, ionization and total losses for tungsten are given. The maximum thicknesses of materials are determined, at which the kinetic energy of an electron is completely consumed. The calculated part of the energy transferred to the bremsstrahlung. Based on the obtained data, the option of creating protection when dealing with beta sources is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the framework of the NICA project, an Innovation block based on three applied experimental stations is being constructed at VBLHEP of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR). The aim of this report is to describe in detail features and diagnostics systems of the stations. Diagnostics systems of ion beams for experimental stations are being designed to measure such beam characteristics as ion flux density, intensity, fluence, beam profile, and absorbed dose (for SODIT and SODIB stations) during tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The NICA megaproject being implemented at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna is aimed at creating and investigating a hot baryonic matter under extreme conditions. The first stage of the NICA project includes realization of the BM@N (Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron) experiment proposed to study a dense nuclear matter produced in collisions of light and heavy ions with a fixed target. To solve the task of storing information on the BM@N experiment, which is necessary for further processing of the obtained experimental data (as well as simulated events), a specialized database is under development now. For convenient management of the data stored in the database, a Webservice is developed for viewing, changing and visualizing information on the BM@N experiment sessions and runs, setup geometries, detectors, parameters and parameter values, and generated simulation files. The article briefly presents the scheme of the NICA complex and BM@N experiment. The modern development tools and libraries for implementation of the Web-service are shown. The developed Web-interface is described in details, its structure and important tasks, such as viewing and modifying the BM@N experiment data in tabular form, showing the summary information on the stored data and visualizing the detector geometries in the conducted runs are noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The University of Kentucky accelerator laboratory provides undergraduate students an opportunity to experience scientific research in nuclear physics. They are introduced to our research program, which focuses on the examination of basic nuclear properties using the 7 MV CN Van de Graaff accelerator and the time-of-flight facility to perform inelastic neutron scattering measurements with γ-ray and neutron detection. Students are given a series of projects to support the measurements including experimental equipment setup, kinematic calculations, data collection, experimental diagnostics, MCNP simulations, analysis code development, and preliminary analysis of the data. Undergraduate physics majors from the University of Dallas took part in (n,n′γ) measurements for LiF. Neutron scattering cross sections for these nuclei, which are of significant interest in coolant designs for molten salt reactors, were determined for incident neutron energies between 0.8 and 4.5 MeV. By measuring the γ-ray production cross sections and feeding contributions from higher-lying levels, students extracted the neutron level cross sections for Li and F. Additional (n,n′) measurements for Li metal will be performed in the near future to supplement the γ-ray data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our research activities in the Nuclear Physics field, the use of digital pulse processing systems (digitizers) is becoming more common, for their capabilities, flexibility and the simple set-ups that they require. We started to introduce digitizers in the nuclear physics laboratory classes, of the physics master’s degree. Such courses should fill the gap that exists between the courses and the real research work, and not only present the basic experimental techniques. While many teaching experiments employ a single detector, digitizers typically offer 2 to 16 acquisition channels. The present work involves the study, implementation, and verification of a distributed data acquisition system (DAQ) that broadcasts the data over a network. One Master Server (MS) is connected to one digitizer and acquires the data from different students experiments. The MS delivers the data streams in real-time to several Experiment Clients (EC). The students’ groups control each an EC that can control one or more acquisition channels, depending on the experiment. Moreover, a single experiment can be shared between different EC that collect the same data streams. Therefore, this approach allows a very efficient use of resources, in terms of electronics and the number of expensive nuclear detection systems. A further application is to deliver the data of one Nuclear Physics experiment to several remote laboratories, without requiring radiation regulated areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many of the isotopes cannot be made as free-standing targets and require thin film backing. Low-Z backing materials, such as amorphous carbon and thin polymer films are materials of choice for some experiments. However, the limitations of these backing materials are poor thermal and mechanical stability. All-carbon graphene films would be an excellent choice as a backing material due to their high thermal conductivity, high temperature tolerance (3550°C melting point), low outgassing, mechanical integrity, and ease of handling. We fabricated a variety of targets using graphene material as a backing or a host matrix. Using PVD sputtering deposition of boron-11 carbide, we fabricated 11B target with a 0.5 mg/cm² on graphene film. The 11B isotope is of interest due to aneutronic proton-boron fusion reaction ¹p+11B → 3 4He+8.7 MeV suitable for clean energy production1. We also prepared a neutron rich natCr target on graphene backing by electroplating Cr in an aqueous chromium (III) oxide bath. The chromium target can be used for production of positron emitting Mn radioisotope² in the reaction 52Cr (p,n) 52Mn. One of the unique advantages of the graphene film fabrication process is the capability to embed target materials, including refractory metals, in the nanoparticle form into a host graphene matrix during target preparation. We fabricated natIr, natRe, natWO3, and natHfO2 nanoparticle-loaded graphene targets that can be used in nuclear physics research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports the detection and measurement of neutron-induced isotopes in the vault wall of the CS-30 cyclotron located at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC). The aim was to avoid the harmful effects of radiation on employees working with the cyclotron and on faculty members and students using it for nuclear physics research and industrial applications. In addition, emitted radioactivity values are essential in future experiments, as background levels to be subtracted from collected data. Detection was performed using a portable gamma ray spectroscopy system consisting of a NaI(Tl) detector (CANBERRA, model: 802-4) coupled with a digitizer (CAEN, model: N6730) at a counting time of 10 minutes for each point on the wall. The points were at the orientation of 0° with respect to the incoming proton beams and all at 1.5 m above the floor. The results indicate that Co-60, Co-56, Mn-56, Fe-53 are the major radionuclides contributing to the gamma radiation emitted from the wall of cyclotron vault. The link between these isotopes and their corresponding elements was established using the branching index technique. It was found that some isotopes detected were the daughters of elements constituting a very small proportion of the concrete structure such as iron (0.50%), while the elements representing the bulk of the concrete showed no radioactivity. No other significant radioactive sources were detected in the wall. The maximum exposure measured on the wall surface was much less than the permissible occupational exposure for radiation workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental simulation of radiation effects in nuclear materials and the acceleration of radiation damage utilizing single, dual or triple ion beam ion irradiation has become an effective tool for nuclear material research [1]. The primary purpose of these experiments is to simulate extreme radiation environments without nuclear transmutation reactions and to compare bulk irradiation with near-surface ion implantations. The interpretation of the experimental data obtained using slow positron beam techniques in the light of published irradiation studies on bulk requires some knowledge of common defect profiles in the fresh as well as in the irradiated materials. The presented work is focused on the interpretation of the experimental data obtained by Pulsed Low Energy Positron System (PLEPS) of various grades of steels in as-received state as well as after ion implantations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Particle accelerators are the driving forces of nuclear physics laboratories and MTA Atomki, the Institute for Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences is no exception. The Atomki Accelerator Center (AAC) incorporates several low-energy charged-particle accelerators, offering the possibility of choosing ions with various charge states, energies and beam intensities. Currently, the AAC has six main facilities: a cyclotron (K=20), two Van de Graaff accelerators (1 MV, 5 MV), an ECR ion source, an electromagnetic isotope separator and a 2 MV Tandetron installed in 2015. The accelerators, spanning a range of beam energies from 50 eV to 27 MeV, have been designed for a broad range of research projects and applications in various fields - mainly in nuclear and atomic physics, materials science, environmental research and archaeology. The structure of the laboratory with a short description of the most important topics, education and outreach activities are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professor Giussepe Viesti of the Department of Physics of the University of Padova, an outstanding researcher in both fundamental and applied nuclear science and a dedicated supporter of Latin American Nuclear Science died in January 2015. The following brief appreciation was presented in a memorial session celebrating and honoring his professional life, his accomplishments and his enduring impact on his science and on his colleagues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PUSPATI TRIGA Reactor achieved initial criticality on June 28, 1982. The reactor is designed to effectively implement the various fields of basic nuclear research, manpower training, and production of radioisotopes. This paper describes the reactor parameters calculation for the PUSPATI TRIGA REACTOR (RTP); focusing on the application of the developed reactor 3D model for criticality calculation, analysis of power and neutron flux distribution of TRIGA core. The 3D continuous energy Monte Carlo code MCNP was used to develop a versatile and accurate full model of the TRIGA reactor. The model represents in detailed all important components of the core with literally no physical approximation. The consistency and accuracy of the developed RTP MCNP model was established by comparing calculations to the available experimental results and TRIGLAV code calculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, an online detection of transducer and actuator condition is discussed. A case study is on the reading of area radiation monitor (ARM) installed at the chimney of PUSPATI TRIGA nuclear reactor building, located at Bangi, Malaysia. There are at least five categories of abnormal ARM reading that could happen during the transducer failure, namely either the reading becomes very high, or very low/ zero, or with high fluctuation and noise. Moreover, the reading may be significantly higher or significantly lower as compared to the normal reading. An artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) are good methods for modeling this plant dynamics. The failure of equipment is based on ARM reading so it is then to compare with the estimated ARM data from ANN/ ANFIS function. The failure categories in either 'yes' or 'no' state are obtained from a comparison between the actual online data and the estimated output from ANN/ ANFIS function. It is found that this system design can correctly report the condition of ARM equipment in a simulated environment and later be implemented for online monitoring. This approach can also be extended to other transducers, such as the temperature profile of reactor core and also to include other critical actuator conditions such as the valves and pumps in the reactor facility provided that the failure symptoms are clearly defined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CANDLES is a double beta decay experiment using 48Ca in CaF2 crystals. The measurement is being performed with prototype detector (CANDLES III) for high sensitive measurement in the future. Recent status of detector improvements and background reduction techniques are described in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The former Homestake gold mine in Lead, South Dakota, has been transformed into a dedicated facility to pursue underground research in rare-process physics, as well as offering research opportunities in other disciplines such as biology, geology and engineering. A key component of the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) is the Davis Campus, which is in operation at the 4850-foot level (4300 m.w.e.) and currently hosts two main physics projects: the LUX dark matter experiment and the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment. In addition, two lowbackground counters currently operate at the Davis Campus in support of current and future experiments. Expansion of the underground laboratory space is underway at the 4850L Ross Campus in order to maintain and enhance low-background assay capabilities as well as to host a unique nuclear astrophysics accelerator facility. Plans to accommodate other future experiments at SURF are also underway and include the next generation of direct-search dark matter experiments and the Fermilab-led international long-baseline neutrino program. Planning to understand the infrastructure developments necessary to accommodate these future projects is well advanced and in some cases have already started. SURF is a dedicated research facility with significant expansion capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discovery of a Majorana neutrino would be revolutionary with far-reaching consequences in both particle physics and cosmology. The only feasible experiments to determine the Majorana nature of the neutrino are searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay. The next generation of double-beta decay experiments are being prepared. The general goal is to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay throughout the parameter space corresponding to the inverted hierarchy for neutrino mass. There are a several strong proposals for how to achieve this goal. The status of these efforts is reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a review of the physics reach and current status of the proposed India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO). We briefly outline details of the INO location and the present status of detector development. We then present the physics goals and simulation studies of the main detector, the magnetised Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) detector, to be housed in INO. The ICAL detector would make precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters with atmospheric neutrinos including a measurement of the neutrino mass hierarchy. Additional synergies with other experiments due to the complete insensitivity of ICAL to the CP phase are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this presentation I summarize the main detection channels for neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae, and describe current status of and future prospects for supernova-neutrino-sensitive detectors worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the IceCube collaboration made a big announcement of the first discovery of high-energy cosmic neutrinos. Their origin is a new interesting mystery in astroparticle physics, but the present data may give us hints of connection to cosmic-ray and/or gamma-ray sources. We will look over possible scenarios for the cosmic neutrino signal, and emphasize the importance of multimessenger approaches in order to identify the PeV neutrino sources and get crucial clues to the cosmic-ray origin. We also discuss some possibilities to study neutrino properties and probe new physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the BFKL approach, discontinuities of multiple production amplitudes in invariant masses of produced particles are discussed. It turns out that they are in evident contradiction with the BDS ansatz for n-gluon amplitudes in the planar N=4 SYM at n ≥ 6. An explicit expression for the NLO discontinuity of the two-to-four amplitude in the invariant mass of two produced gluons is is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COMPASS Collaboration has accumulated the world's highest statistics on the reaction π-p→π+π-π-p at 190 GeV/c. The results, presented in Section 1, show that a new state JPC = 1++ state never reported before, the a¹(1420), decaying to f0(980)π followed by f0(980) → ππ. In addition, the Collaboration reports an exotic JPC = 1-+ state, the π1(1600), which cannot be a quarkonium. Both states are likely to be a tetra-quark, i.e. q...+q... or a gluonic hybrid, a q... object with an excited gluon inside it. Section 2 is devoted to a brief discussion of the central production of resonances, which is being investigated by both COMPASS and ALICE collaborations. However, the results are not yet released, so it is limited to a broad discussion of the central production, with emphasis on different analyses dictated by differences in the experimental setup. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analogy is drawn among the irreversible evolution of a neural-network-based A.I., an information field associated to spacetime configurations and the behaviour of entities described by the Schrödinger equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]