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It was determined that there is components segregation in Ti-Nb alloy under electro arc melting and selective laser melting. It leads to two phase formation. The [beta]-phase forms in the areas enriched in Nb. [alpha]”-phase forms in the Nb-depleted areas. It is recommended to increase the Nb concentration in the alloy up to 45 wt. % to eliminate heterogeneity of phase and elemental composition.

The production of parts by selective electron beam melting (SEBM) is accompanied by the formation of nonequilibrium structures. This is caused by the crystallization of alloys with high cooling rates. To evaluate the influence of cooling rate on the process of structural and phase transformations in the Fe-8Si-5Al-2C alloy, the electron beam melting of plasma coating was carried out. The dendritic structure was formed in the molten pool. The distance between dendritic branches of the second order was 2–5 µm. This corresponds to the cooling rate of about 103 K/s. The electron microscopy has shown that dendrites were formed by α-phase, while γ-phase was localized between α-phase crystals in form of intercalations. The secondary phases (intermetallic, aluminum and iron carbosilicides, aluminates and iron carboaluminates) are of sub-micron size and located in the α- and γ-phase boundary intersections or within the grains of the main phase. The microhardness of the alloy increases twofold. This suggests that c...

The structure of Ti-40Nb alloy prototype obtained by selective laser melting (SLM) on “VARISKAF 100MV” installation was considered by the methods of optical metallography, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was revealed that the most of the specimens’ surface is uniform flowed surface with typical banded structure formed by laying-on molten pools. The process of the individual layer formation was followed by drop formation. This leads to the porosity formation on the specimen’s surface. The structure of entire specimen is not homogeneous throughout the transverse section. The porosity of three kinds is observed. They are cavities of not full contact and melting of the layers, drawholes, gas pores. The porosity optimization requires more careful SLM modes selection. The alloy has a grain structure with anisotropy from small (2–8 µm) to medium (8–20 µm) grain size. The anisotropy of the specimen is formed in each layer and is retained during building of the specimen. The grains of microstruct...