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The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of using social media in statistics classroom. The use of social media aims to expose students on the variety of method on data collection in providing an instant response and to integrate the availability of social media into the classroom education in enhancing the understanding and providing instant hands-on experience. The possibility of improving the learning experience among students is by integrating social media technology that would make the learning process more effective and attractive to students. This paper presents the research that was done to Diploma students at a private university in Selangor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessment in education has a very important role, almost all countries have the characteristics of assessment in mathematics. Assessment is divided into classroom assessment and large-scale assessment which has relevance in its application. The purpose of this article is to review about classroom assessment and large-scale assessment, and its influence on mathematics assessment globally in various countries. The method used in this research is a literature review, collecting international articles on large-scale assessment and classroom assessment in mathematics. From the analysis, there are several international trends between large-scale assessments and classroom assessments based on the profiles of 8 major countries. As discussed in all contexts except Japan and Finland, large-scale assessment is very influential in classroom assessment. Large scale assessment was adapted for use in classroom assessment, which makes large scale assessment operate as a public policy instrument that serves as reporting, teaching, and learning improvement in the education system. Large-scale assessments have supported increased assessments in schools globally. This can be used as a view in considering large-scale assessments carried out in classroom assessments, taking into aspects that can have a global impact on assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During COVID-19 pandemic from 2019 onwards emergent demand of online classes has become worldwide prevalent. In the present era of pandemics along with advanced information and communication technology (ICT), institutions have shifted their pedagogy and are providing effective class room learning using web. Students are also joyful getting rid of class room constraints like modality, rigidity and inconveniency. The main objective of this research was to determine quality learning and students career growth as educational outcome via massive open online courses (MOOCS) as compared to that of traditional classes going physically offline and face to face (F2F). A total of 92 students of UG and PG level from different Indian universities and 8 countries including India were interviewed through questionnaire shared to achieve the objective. No significant difference was observed. In many research questions MOOCS were better proved than F2F. This paper will enrich the domain of distance learning, management and promote online learning using ICT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal comfort is an important element in a learning process. Nasima Elementary School Semarang was built in a densely populated area. To meet space requirements, development prioritizes land efficiency. This has resulted in difference in thermal comfort in classroom. Data of air, humidity, temperature, and radiation is collected and analyzed to determine the effect of building orientation and ventilations design on thermal comfort in classroom compared to Mom-Weisebron comfort parameters. The study found that many classrooms on both the 2nd and 3rd floor do not fit into the Mom-Weisebron standard. The average effective room temperature on the 2nd floor is higher than the 3rd floor. This is due to differences in elevation, differences in the design of the building facades and environmental conditions. The movement of air in the room needs to be increased. A fan can be applied so that the effective temperature of the room is included in the criteria for optimal comfort according to Mom-Wiesebron standards. If the application of a fan has not been able to lowered the effective temperature so that it is categorized as optimal comfort according to Mom-Weiseborn standards, then fan or AC needs to be used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the traditional dances that can be used in learning mathematics is the crazy bamboo dance originating from the provinces of Maluku and North Maluku. On the other hand, technological developments are developing so rapidly that sometimes the cultural context in mathematics learning is still minimally involved. This study aims to develop geometry learning by producing learning tools in the form of valid, practical, and effective Learning Implementation Plans, Teaching Materials, and Student Worksheets by integrating crazy bamboo dance culture with Geogebra Classroom media in learning to build curved side spaces in the form of tubes. Research is important because there is still a lack of cultural-based development research and GeoGebra classrooms using the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach. This research is a research development by design using the development model proposed by Alessi and Trolip. The results of this research produce valid, practical, and effective products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classroom condition is an essential in the university learning process. The lecturers and students interact directly for several hours in it. Environmental classroom conditions directly affect the learning system. Next, it is a must to design a classroom that considers both physical and environmental conditions. The objective of this research is to formulate the university classroom design by Kansei Engineering approach. Ten kansei words were selected and resulted two design concepts namely "a good classroom with cool, clean lines" and "bright classroom". There are 7 physical elements (wall, chair and table color, chair table type, learning tool, ceiling design and furniture arrangement). The eenvironmental conditions follow the criteria from previous research findings to achieve the best student's performance during the lessons. There are 5 of them to consider (noise level, illumnination, humidity, ventilation and thermal conditions). Based on decision tree the formula of each design were resulted. The first concept of "good classroom" is strongly influenced by the color of the chairs, while the second concept of "bright classroom" is influenced by the type of chair used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discovers a case study using Google Classroom to teach English to Informatic System students (N=50) in STMIK Pringsewu, Indonesia. This study aimed to uncover students' perception of ELT Blends' enlightening benefit and determine if Google Classroom improves writing ability. The instructors conducted 16 meetings in the Google Classroom during the second semester, including materials and exercises to explore the writing subject. This research exposes the effectiveness of Google Classroom as an educational platform for teaching English. The researcher utilized open-response questionnaires as a qualitative and quantitative research method consisting of pre-test and post-test to evaluate the students' writing ability. The results show that there is a significant improvement for Group 1 who were being taught using Google Classroom. The mean score of the students in group 1 is higher than the students in group 2. It means that Google Classroom is an effective educational platform for teaching EFL at a higher education level. Google Classroom has the best features for applying virtual classrooms, such as Online Grading System, Virtual Discussion, Announcements, and Live Classes. This online platform facilitates the students' best experience to learn EFL because of the accessibility, simplicity, real-time interaction, and engagement. The students can utilize Google Classroom as an educational environment to enhance learning EFL based on the questionnaire's data collection. The STMIK Pringsewu students have better learning achievement in writing course based on the pre-test and post-test analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the test results of measurement into thermal comfort in the smart building "Energis" of Kielce University of Technology. The goal of the study was to assess the comfort level in the selected building and indicate problems related to the indoor environment. Three separate lecture rooms were analysed with regard to how students felt in the indoor conditions using questionnaires that they filled in. At the same time physical parameters of air such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide level and etc. were measured. The results are the basis for discussion on the human perception of indoor air in the considered smart building. It has been observed that even smart buildings do not offer a high level of comfort and the thermal conditions were not fine for all the people (quite many felt too warm or cold). The overall recommendation is that building managers should conduct such questionnaire tests at certain time intervals of at least a few months to obtain data that they can use to set indoor air parameters (temperature, humidity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching of English Grammar to the second language learners is always a challenge. It is still a hectic task to teach the Government and Private school students in the villages. Though many projects have been done to teach government and state board school students but the success rate is under question because the educational needs of the students are not met. The regular class room method making use of conversational style and application and development of clauses for learning and teaching the second language would yield some fruitful results. As per the study done in the class room environment though it is a well-known method; it is ignored due to time constrains. As teacher's focus forcibly shifted to other non-teaching clerical works, the teaching method is replaced with monotonous class room sessions. However, no methodology will work out to teach the learners of second language unless the teachers are allowed to think for themselves and relieved from much pressure and name sake profit earning documentation works. Student community should be focused rather than institutional certification and vain popularity. This article enlightens the idea that hinders regular teaching; it also focuses on the application of grammar through various clause structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lighting system has been an active element in educational environment. Lighting plays a great role in designing classrooms in an institution. Inadequate lighting environment may result in poor task performance of learning activity. This paper will demonstrate how lighting strategy will affect the illuminate level in a classroom. The location of case study is General Lecture Building – West, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia. Lighting strategy used will be implemented based on the needs of problems assessed during the existing simulation and field survey. In order to verify an efficient lighting system in a classroom, consisting of artificial and natural lighting, a help of specialized software called DIALux Evo is used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The uses of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching writing skills in English as a Second Language (ESL) classrooms is very encouraging in the present scenario. This study attempts to analyse the use of ICT tools in the teaching of ESL writing skills in modern classrooms. Online learning provides students to learn anywhere without the need of physical classroom. The main objective of this study is to investigate the utilization online tools can enhance students ESL writing skills. A qualitative research design was used to analyse the uses of ICT tools from the sample of 50 undergraduate students in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. The skill of writing is used on daily basis to communicate what one deliberates and feels. This study aims to find out how the use of technology enhances writing abilities in the language classroom. New advancements of technology are being produced each day and teachers need to integrate these technologies into modern classrooms effectively. By integrating technology, educationalists are providing more prospects and strategies to increase their student's abilities to write more comprehensive and grammatically correct sentences, essays, stories and letters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the EFL lecturers' attitude and approach in supporting Language Power in their Classroom Practices. This study applied the qualitative research method. The subjects of this research are four Lecturers and fifteen students and they chose by using purposeful sampling. Research instruments used are interviews and observation. The technique of data analysis used for Interviews is a thematic analysis and iterative model for observation. This study showed that the EFL lecturers of the English Study Program of FKIP UKI Toraja perceive language power into three categories: strongly supportive of language power (SSLP), fairly supportive of language power (FSLP), and weakly supportive of language power (WSLP). The characteristic of the SSLP lecturer's approach is a constructivist approach to language power use, FSLP lecturers' approach is varied approaches to language power use from students-centered to more teacher-centered, WSLP lecturer's approach is the teacher-centered approach to language power use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning Management Systems (LMSs) have been widely adopted in this blended and online distance learning era. One of such LMSs that is gaining prominence is Google Classroom (GC), where participants can access knowledge and education virtually regardless of location and time. This study focuses on the considerations among Malaysian secondary school teachers in adopting GC in their teaching and learning sessions. A survey method was employed, which involved 216 secondary school teachers in a district in Perak state, Malaysia. They responded to a questionnaire that gauged their GC usage intention based on technical support, attitude, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and technological knowledge. It is found that attitude, perceived usefulness, and technological knowledge have significantly impacted these teachers' GC usage intention. In terms of technical support and perceived ease of use, however, the relationship with the intent to use GC could have been better. Future studies on these considerations, especially those involving a longitudinal setting and experimental method, should further explore teachers' motivation behind adopting GC to ensure that users can utilize its potential to the fullest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Google Classroom and Edmodo are applications that can be used in online learning. The app is simple to use, cloud-based, versatile, time-saving, and free. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in student learning outcomes in the use of Google Classroom and Edmodo class XI MIPA Marangkayu Public High School 1 on the buffer solution material. The research method used is quasi-experimental, with a research design that is the-static group comparison design. The population in this study were all students of class XI MIPA at Marangkayu Public High School 1 for the academic year 2020/2021, totaling 60 students, which were divided into two classes. The saturated sampling technique did sampling. Class XI MIPA 1 as an experimental class 1 taught using Google Classroom and class XI MIPA 2 as a practical class 2 taught using Edmodo. The instrument used to measure students' chemistry learning outcomes is a multiple-choice test. The results showed that the use of Edmodo with a mean learning outcome of 60.63 was better than the use of Google Classroom with a mean learning outcome of 51.88. Analysis of learning outcomes data using the t-test with a significance level of 5% obtained count, 2.013 > ttable, 2.002, so it can be concluded that there are differences in student learning outcomes in the use of Google Classroom and Edmodo class XI MIPA at Marangkayu Public High School 1 on the buffer solution material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Translanguaging has emerged as a new bilingual and multilingual education term. It is considered a process that teachers can use as a pedagogical strategy to utilize learners in language learning. This term, the teacher used translanguaging to explain material in the classroom and switch it into learners' first language to ease the learning. This study has been done to explore translanguaging as a teaching strategy in an EFL classroom in an Islamic foundation (Madrasah) in Tangerang, where English is bilingual. The analysis was descriptive to encourage students' response in English classes through translanguaging and to analyze the challenge and strategies used in translanguaging activity. The study used observation and interviews to get data. The participants are the students of grade x and two English teachers. Due to the observation and interview, the researcher found that the strategy of translanguaging positively impacts students' outcome, and it aid teacher in conducting the class efficiently. In addition, the researcher also found some challenges that the teacher did in doing translanguaging in the classroom activity and proposed the strategies to fight those challenges in the classroom. Finally, this study is expected to give new information and knowledge to teachers and all readers about translanguaging pedagogy in classroom activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many types of research had shown that daylight is crucial for the classroom as it saves energy, reduces the consumption of fossil fuel, and increases the productivity and writing, and reading speed of the students. Daylight in the classroom is measured by different metrics like Static, Dynamic, and Distribution. Daylight Uniformity ratio falls in the distribution metric category. This uniformity ratio is similarly important as lighting levels as it helps to obtain visual comfort within the classroom as poor daylight uniformity ratio will not only cause glare but will increase the tendency of using artificial lights. This research aims to analyze the impact of the light shelves on the uniformity ratio of the classroom only due to natural light. For the purpose, uniformity ratio (UO) analysis in presence of light shelves was conducted out in the typical classroom of Kendriya Vidyalaya (K.V), Patna of south orientation. A field study was carried out through spontaneous lighting levels to validate the computer simulations for assessing the visual comfort in K.V. The study shows a positive increment in Uniformity ratio after adding the light shelves in the classroom of south orientation; however these increase in Uniformity ratio changes with the respect of sun position, altitude, and orientation. Conclusions about possible modifications can be suggested to achieve a better uniformity ratio in similar types of classrooms within Patna and other areas of which are falling under similar types of climate in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In difficult conditions during the Covid-19 pandemics, choosing the right platform is an indicator of learning objectives. Learning at Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awwaliyah (MDTA) during the Covid-19 pandemics generally stopped due to the low ability of teachers to use technology moreover with the lack of facilities for online learning at MDTA. However, MDTA Marhamah Padang has sufficient facilities to carry out learning by utilizing technology. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the utilization of google classroom as a learning platform during the Covid-19 pandemics. This study proved that Google Classroom can be used as an alternative in conducting learning during the Covid-19 period. Therefore, learning at MDTA should not stop because learning does not have to be face-to-face, but can be carried out by utilizing technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe students' mathematical problem-solving skills using Google Classroom during the CoViD-19 pandemic. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through tests and interview documentation to determine students' mathematical problem-solving abilities based on indicators of the Polya method. An expert and a mathematics teacher carried out validators for problem-solving instruments. Data analysis techniques used in this research are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The study was conducted with three students representing the high, moderate, and low categories. Based on the results of the research analysis, it was concluded: students' mathematical Problem-solving abilities were classified into three categories, namely a) Student with high abilities were able to meet the indicators understand the problem, devise a plan, and carry out the plan; b) Student with moderate abilities can achieve indicators of understanding problems and devise a plan; c) Student with low abilities are only able to achieve the indicators of understanding the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to determine the use of Tang Feng Classroom e-learning at Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China. The research was conducted in a descriptive qualitative method by distributing questionnaires and followed by interviews. The student and the lecturer who have experiences using the tang feng classroom e-learning were invited to participate in this research. The responses of the student and the lecturer revealed that the use of tang feng e-learning is beneficial from 4 perspectives, namely content, ease of application, feedback and ratings, and personalization. Overall, both the student and the lecturer who participated in this research agreed that the tang feng classroom application media provided convenience in its operation, fulfills content-based needs, feedback and ratings among students and lecturers were connected each other, and tang feng classrooms could record teaching and learning progress. In this case, tang feng classroom has a positive impact as e-learning tool in Guangxi Normal University. This application also has been used for more than one year during online learning in Guangxi normal university, epecially for the international students and so far there was no obtsacles found based on the participants' perspectives. To add information about the field of tang feng classroom e-learning, the results of the interview were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal comfort is an essential factor in designing and evaluating low-energy buildings. Low energy buildings do not require much indoor temperature conditioning but rather multiply natural ventilation. Natural ventilation is more suitable to be applied to tropical climatic regions. Tropical climates have relatively stable temperature differences and predictable wind speed profiles at any time of the season. However, naturally ventilated buildings have a varying level of thermal comfort throughout the room. This research aims to obtain a profile of the distribution of the level of thermal comfort of naturally ventilated classrooms located on the campus of Telkom University, namely the Tokong Nanas lecture hall. It also produced simulation methods to calculate the distribution of thermal comfort index in naturally ventilated rooms. In this study, the floors to be observed were the 2nd and 5th floors. For this purpose, the first simulation of the natural ventilated classroom geometry model contained in the lecture hall Of Pineapple Temple using rhino6, Energyplus, and OpenFoam software. The geometry simulation result was Prediction Mean Vote (PMV) index by following ISO 7730. Simulation data showed that classrooms on the 2nd floor were more comfortable when compared with classrooms on the 5th floor. Furthermore, the results of the simulation method of this study suggested contributions in designing naturally ventilated spaces before the building construction process began. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The smart classroom attendance monitoring system is designed based on the Convolutional Neural Network. In this way it looks like a human entrance and exit to laboratories and universities. When a person approaches a surveillance camera near the entrance, his/her face is automatically recognized, and the entry time is saved. Similar to the end, your face is recognized by the embedded surveillance camera of another Convolutional neural network model and the end time is saved. Our method also assists organizations in providing attendance at the percentage of lectures attended during their time. The smart attendance monitoring system is more reliable, and the traditional way of signature or biological donation provides them with the benefits. It is based on a real-time approach and does not consume laboratories; college students and teachers have more time. Students enter the Check that they are properly investigated at the test site and before performing tasks. Sentences and anonymous images are sent to the teacher's smartphone development based on the Internet of Things (IOT) on the Internet when an anonymous student enters the test site, the smart system directly requests the proposed system is fast, accurate, and has a low computational cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, radon gas concentration was measured for a number of schools located in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, using the CR-39 detector, which is from Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTDs). In a number of classrooms, the detector was set at a distance of 160 cm from the earth's surface, for a period of time, these detectors were exposed (30 days). Where the results showed that the concentration of radon gas ranged from the lowest value which is equal to(8.528)Bq/m3 for the sample (D5) in (Alshumue) school to the greatest value, which was (50.395)Bq/m3 for the sample (A4) that was in (Alandalusia) school. , where the average radon gas concentration was equal to (25.257)Bq/m3, and the lung cancer cases per year per 106 person (CPPP) was also calculated, Where the results ranged from (3.873 to 22.885), with a rate equal to (11.470). After comparing the results obtained with the global results, it was found that they are much less than the permissible limits, which were recorded through ICPR (200-300) Bq/m3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attendance for the scholars is a vital undertaking in elegance. When executed manually it commonly wastes a number of efficient times of the elegance. This proposed solution for the modern-day hassle is through automation of attendance machine that uses face reputation and recognition. Face is the important features that can identity for any human. The identification process describes the technique of detecting and spotting the face in real-time using Raspberry Pi. This process demonstrates the set of rules that use open-supply photograph processing framework called Open CV. This article, presents sequence of steps in five modules such as Face Detection, Face Pre-processing, Face-Training, Face Recognition and Attendance Database. In the proposed process, the face database is amassed to apprehend the faces of the scholars and the machine is initially educated with the pupil's faces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attendance can be defined as a way of means oral action which can be used to determine if a person is present or not in a particular place. For instance, we can consider a class room of students and a teacher as a real time example. A teacher may take attendance at the start or end of a session. But the manual way of taking attendance may sometimes lead to many issues such as missing a student's number, students answering to their number multiple times and so on. As days become more digital, Machine Learning continues to provide us with a lot of opportunities to improve methods used for computer vision applications. Hence, we believe using AI for Face — affirmation in the programmed participation frameworks will help provide better working. In this undertaking, we analyse the face assertion and face region calculations, to provide the PC structures, the constraint of finding and seeing human faces rapidly and absolutely in pictures or accounts with the sole target which is that the frameworks can be utilized in giving interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To obtain thermal comfort in the Smart Classroom, an Air Conditioner (AC) is required. AC cooling load needs to be calculated beforehand in order to make the AC performance optimum and avoid waste of energy. The purpose of this study was to calculate the cooling load of the Smart Classroom using the Cooling Load Temperature Difference (CLTD) method so that the AC capacity is obtained according to the needs of the Smart Classroom. As a result, the Smart Classroom concept that is 9.3 m in length, 8.3 m in width, and 3 m in height, with a capacity of 21 persons plus various types of equipment inside, has a cooling load of 11364,169 Watt or equivalent to 38776,159 Btu/hour. Thus, in order to achieve and maintain a comfortable condition in the Smart Classroom, 2 units of AC with a capacity of 19000 Btu/hour per unit are required, with power consumption of 2 HP for each unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the effect of learning using Google Classroom and Microsoft Teams on students' learning motivations based on economic ability. The method used in this research is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental type of research. The population of this study is all students of grade X IPA at SMA 5 Surakarta which amounted to 172 people and the research sample is students of grade X IPA 2 and X IPA 4 which amounted to 68 people. Sampling techniques used are simple random sampling techniques. The data collection techniques used in this study are questionnaires and observations. Questionnaires are used to collect data on students' learning motivation and parents' economic abilities, while observations are used for observation of students' learning motivation and parents' economic abilities. The data analysis technique used is hypothetical analysis with Two Ways-Anova. The results of this study show that (1) Microsoft Teams affects the learning motivation of students who are shown by signification scores is 0.015<0.05 (2) Google Classroom affects students' learning motivations shown by signification scores is 0.045<0.05 (3) economic ability affects students' learning motivation shown by signification score is 0.000<0.05 (4) there is no interaction between Microsoft Teams, Google Classroom, and economic ability to students' learning motivation shown by signification score is 0.746>0.05. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

21st century skills have become a challenge to survive in facing global competition, especially in education. Critical thinking is one of the main 21st-century skills or abilities that must continue to be developed. Critical thinking is a vital topic in modern education. This ability is used in many aspects of human life. This ability is rarely learned even though it is part of science. In education, developing critical thinking ability can be facilitated by applying a constructive learning model. The 7E Learning Cycle Model is one of the constructive learning models. In addition, the pandemic has resulted in learning being carried out online. One of the media that teachers can use is Google Classroom (GCR). This paper describes the potency of the 7E Learning Cycle Model integrated with GCR for improving critical thinking. This paper uses a descriptive method with systematic literature review, we found that the 7E learning cycle model was able to improve student critical thinking ability. In addition, we also found that using Google Classroom GCR) can facilitate critical thinking because it allows students to discuss in the media. The relationships found among the variables in the pathway model are discussed taking into account the environmental characteristics of the 7E learning cycle and suggestions are made for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze and determine the influence of blended learning assisted by Google Classroom on learning outcomes and self-regulated learners. This study is a quasi-experiment with the design of a nonequivalent control group. The population in this study was a student of grade XI of Manokwari State High School IPA 1. The sample in this study was taken with a random sampling cluster technique so that class XI IPA 2 was obtained as an experimental class and class XI IPA 3 as a control class. The instruments used in this study are a matter of pretest-posttest learning outcomes and observation sheets of self-regulated. Pretest and posttest questions to collect data on learners' learning outcomes and observation sheets are used to measure the independence of learners' learning. Data analysis techniques use quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results showed a significant influence on blended learning outcomes with a considerable force of 1.64 or in the high category, while the self-regulated learners were in the class quite well. But it does not have a significant impact on the variety of learning activities that lead to self. Thus, blended learning assisted by google classroom can be used in high school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to know effectiveness of Google Classroom using worked example's strategy in learning angles. This research is quantitative research using pre-experimental design in the form of one-shot case study. There are 29 students of Junior High School at Yogyakarta who have studied angles using google classroom with worked example strategy, were tested to measure student achievement in order to know effectiveness of learning angles using google classroom with worked example strategy. The result is Google Classroom using worked example strategy effectively used for learning angles in terms of student achievement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the independence of learning before and after using google classroom on the circulation system material and to find out the biology learning outcomes of students after learning using Google Classroom on the circulation system material in class XI privat high school in Medan. The research method used was pre-experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The results showed differences in student learning independence before and after learning through the application of Google Classroom on the Circulation System material in class XI MIA at Kemala Bhayangkari 1 Medan Private High School in the academic year 2020/2021. The average value of learning independence before learning of 78, while the average value of learning independence after learning is 79.29. Furthermore, the paired sample t-test output results of the experimental class were in the sig. (2-tailed) part, the value is 0.041 <0.05. An increase in student learning outcomes showed the n-gain average value of 0.59, which is included in the medium category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modern approach to assessing thermal comfort uses complex indicators based on predicted heat sensations, thermal comfort indices. These include the PMV-PPD indices proposed by P.O. Fanger (ISO 7730); equivalent, working, effective, operational and resulting temperatures, formalized in Russian and international standards and scientific publications. The paper analyzes and clarifies the provisions of the GOST 30494-2011 standard and ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-1992 on the resulting (operational) temperature, which regulates the weight coefficients values, which take into account the convective and radiation temperature factor influence, as well as air mobility, on heat sensation. The analysis is based on the iso-comfort parameters matrices developed by the authors, which determine the equivalent heat sensations as a microclimatic and personal parameters function, as well as on the room class in terms of the thermal comfort level. The functional dependences are obtained for calculating the operational temperature with a higher accuracy than according to the methodology given in GOST 30494-2011 and ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-1992. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes students' opinions about thermal comfort in air-conditioned classrooms. This field study monitored and recorded the following variables: Air temperature (°C), Mean radiant temperature (°C), Humidity (%), and Air velocity (m/s). In addition, a survey was answered by 169 students to collect the students' thermal sensation and preferences according to the ASHRAE sensory scale. The results show the neutral temperature found from the votes was 28.2°C with 98% of students feeling it at neutral. The results also show that the neutral temperature was also higher than the one obtained from the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) model. The findings from this study can contribute to the design of air-conditioning systems to achieve thermal comfort with efficient energy usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acoustical quality greatly affects the performance of classrooms. Classrooms with decent acoustics will provide good communication between students and teachers as well as between attendants themselves. In order to meet the requirements of user-amenity acoustical quality assessment standards such as United Kingdom Building Bulletin 93 or ANSI Standard S12.60-2010 was introduced. The usage of adaptive façades for buildings is a passive design solution for improving natural daylight, energy intensity and also partially impacts speech intelligibility inside classrooms. In this study, a typical classroom model was placed in Ho Chi Minh City to survey the Reverberation Time (RT) and Sound Pressure Level (SPL) through the effects of adaptive facades, particularly in the form of Kinetic Adaptive Facades. The façade phenotypes showed better improvement in SPL and RT than the case without Kinetic Adaptive Facades, and at each phase change of façades also showed a decrease in RT and SPL [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Second language or foreign language learners commonly experience anxiety when they have to speak using the target language. This is made even more apparent when they are required to present during a speaking assessment or speak in front of their peers. Thus, this study was done with the aim to measure UiTM students' speaking anxiety in English oral presentations in relation to their level of language proficiency. 244 students from four different faculties in UiTM Melaka were given a set of questionnaires that consisted of 33 items adapted from Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS). The data collected through the questionnaires was then analysed using statistical analysis (SPSS). The results showed that the participants experienced high level of speaking anxiety in English oral presentations in all three of the speaking anxieties dimensions. Pearson Correlation test also revealed that there was a significant inverse relationship between their level of language proficiency and speaking anxiety, particularly in terms of fear of negative evaluation and test anxiety. Hence, the results from this study concluded that the students' language proficiency was significant in examining their speaking anxiety and subsequently, can help provide an understanding on how to tackle the issue of language learners' speaking anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

21st century force citizenship in the world to be able to adapt the fast charging. Therefore, adaptability can be urgent required skill that hope to be fostered in education. This paper outlines students' adaptability in Biology classroom employing visible metacognitive skill as learning framework. Student adaptability were measured from adaptive reasoning as a basic adaptability by ability to think logically about the relationship between concepts and situations, ability to reflect synthesis information, ability to explain and ability to provide proof of conclusions. In order to identify those indicator, this research administered mixed method approach with using test, questionnaire, and reflective essay. Interesting me, students showed high value differences in explaining (give supporting information) because at the monitoring stage, students conduct information from various sources and build new explanations. It make higher accurate level of understanding where students use different understandings to build new views. The other indicator showed low value differences. So, the next learning must balancing all indicator with concerning in giving learning task. Besides that, the reflective essays must be done in every metacognitive stage to know what students feel in each stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

21st Century skills are skills that all students must possess. In the 21st century students must be HOTS so that later they will be competitive to face the challenges that exist in the future. To create a good learning atmosphere, it is necessary to integrate the STEM approach into the PjBL learning model. In this study the indicators for measuring HOTS refer to Marzano's taxonomy The number of samples in this research were 32 students of eleventh-grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Malang in the academic year 2019/2020. This research uses a pre-experimental research design with one group pre-test post- test design method. In the hypothesis test calculation results the significance value <0.05 so that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it can be concluded that there is an influence of the use of PjBL integrated STEM on students' HOTS. These results are consistent with qualitative data obtained from reflective student essays and student interview results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical thinking skills must be part of student learning and the school must be responsible for developing and evaluating critical thinking skills through the teaching and learning process. Fostering of critical thinking skills can be done by applying appropriate learning in the classroom. One of them is learning based on constructivism. The 5E Learning Cycle can trigger students' critical thinking skills because it involves prior knowledge, non-routine situations, reasoning, cognitive strategies, and involving students in discussions to carry out exploration. This study aims to determine how The 5E Learning Cycle model can improve critical thinking. The type of research used in this research is Classroom Action Research. Research data in the form of critical thinking test results by Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal. The results showed that the average value of critical thinking indicators in the first cycle was 82.806% and the second cycle was 90.016% with an increase of 7.21%. The conclusion is that The 5E Learning Cycle learning can improve students’ critical thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The air cleanliness in the classrooms is of great importance for achieving the learning objectives. Parameters that characterize indoor air quality are the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) and particulate matter (PM), its temperature and humidity. Particularly important are the CO2 concentration and fine PM. Sources of CO2 are the human beings themselves. The carbon dioxide content in exhaled air is about 100 times higher than in the inhaled air. As a result, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere of the enclosed spaces rapidly increases to 2-3 times more than the natural concentration. As a consequence, the manifestation of symptoms associated with the harmful influence of this gas on the human organism becomes still more frequent, and the learning process is getting difficult, worsened, compromised. Inhalation of fine PM could give rise of respiratory problems or provoke the appearance of chronic respiratory diseases. In order to create favorable learning conditions, it is necessary to keep the indoor air parameters in harmless levels. In the present work the results of the study of the dynamics of the characteristic parameters of the atmosphere in the enclosed classroom with a volume of 304 m³ during the lecture are reported. The influence of the occupants onto their values is assessed and a comparison is made with the experimentally measured ones. The ventilation is done either by a fan or naturally by opening one of the windows, with an airflow rate of 100 ℓ/s and 360 ℓ/s, respectively. The second type ventilation ensures a relatively quick decrease of the CO2 concentration from 1000 ppm to about 700 ppm, but causes increase of numerical concentration of PM by about 1.3 to 2 times (more for the bigger PM) at the end of the lesson when the occupants begin moving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of ICT in teaching-learning process is a relatively new phenomenon in our country's education system. The effective integration of this technology into classroom practices poses a challenge to teachers and administrators. Although the use of ICT in the teaching-learning processes can lead to improved student learning and better teaching methods, this may not be true if the teachers or the students themselves are not ready for this integration of ICT. This study examined various aspects that influence teachers in integrating ICT into their teaching in secondary schools in Sibu town, Sarawak. A survey was employed and in order to investigate the study. A set of questionnaire was administered to obtain participants' responses on ICT integration in classroom teaching. One hundred teachers were selected randomly from a secondary school in Sibu town to be the samples for this study. The data collected from the questionnaire was then studied using statistical procedures. The findings of this study revealed that teachers in this study had a strong desire to integrate ICT into their teaching and learning processes. There was a positive correlation between teachers' intention to integrate ICT in their teaching with teachers' ability in ICT, teachers' attitude towards ICT contribution to classroom teaching, teachers' attitudes towards ICT contribution to students' learning, teachers' emotions towards the use of ICT in classroom teaching, and teachers' self-esteem and control in the presence of ICT in classroom teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students' argumentation ability is very important in the learning process. Argumentation activity is an effective teaching-learning process that becomes an important in learning today and a major concern in many countries over the past decade. The aim of the research is to show the effect of problem-based learning using circle share activity on students' argumentation ability. Problem-Based learning using circle share activity is the learning model where problembased learning with the use of two steps circles shares discussion. The first step, the discussion of the problem among student was conducted in each group which consisted of three or four students. The second step, the student discussion was conducted between groups by circle share. The discussion among students between groups will result in more explanation about problem-solving than each group. For control class, students learn using classroom discussion. The data was collected using two-tier tests on uniform circular motion, student reasoning of choosing the answer was considered as argumentation that was analyzed with Toulmin Model Argumentation. The results of the research showed that the student argumentation ability in the experimental class was better than the control class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radian is an angle measurement in which the students studied at trigonometry subject. Educational research showed that secondary school students were found lack of radian understanding. The students know how to convert radian to a degree and vice versa. However, they fail to understand what radian is and why there are two measurements of angle in trigonometry. In this study, we propose and describe a lesson design through constructing knowledge for high school students in radian understanding. We also report on the results of a classroom case study in which the lesson design had been implemented. This study used a phenomenological investigation based on interviews and classroom observations. We also discuss the task-related difficulties that students faced in their concept development and we describe their radian understanding in terms of our framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the interaction between primary school children and furniture as the learning facilities. The aim of the study was to acquire the users' preferences on classroom furniture design in the primary school. Ethnographic methods were used through participant observation and interview. The subjects consisted of the first and second- grade students, the classroom teacher, and the janitor of the primary school. The study resulted in four design directions for designing classroom furniture, namely: storage, flexibility, size, and dynamics. These were used for designing a new classroom furniture. The design evaluation was done by six children and six teachers using pictorial stimuli. Although different concerns were observed between the subjects, this study revealed functionality, comfort, and security aspects were preferred than the aesthetic aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to design a didactic situation based on the analysis of learning obstacles and learning trajectory on prism volume. The type of this research is qualitative and quantitative research with steps: analyzing the learning obstacles and learning trajectory, preparing the didactic situation, applying the didactic situation in the classroom, mean difference test of problem solving ability with t-test statistic. The subjects of the study were 8th grade junior high school students in Magelang 2016/2017 selected randomly from eight existing classes. The result of this research is the design of didactic situations that can be implemented in prism volume learning. The effectiveness of didactic situations that have been designed is shown by the mean difference test that is the problem solving ability of the students after the application of the didactic situation better than before the application. The didactic situation that has been generated is expected to be a consideration for teachers to design lessons that match the character of learners, classrooms and teachers themselves, so that the potential thinking of learners can be optimized to avoid the accumulation of learning obstacles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of ICT integration in teaching and learning in private preschool in Malaysia. A total 61 teachers from 10 private preschools in the district of Mualim in the state of Perak Malaysia were randomly chosen in this survey research. The findings revealed that most of the teachers were knowledgeable about the educational ICT application. However, the findings revealed that the teachers' level of ICT integration is still at the low level. This is based on the results of a study that most of the teachers are normal users and ICT application was used for their own work rather than using it in their teaching and learning in the classroom. In addition, the findings indicated that teachers' awareness towards the important of ICT in teaching and learning is not encouraging and this issue is related to the training provided, equipment and time constraints that hinder the integration of ICT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Debriefing of pedagogical competence through both theory and practice which became a requirement for prospective teachers were through micro teaching and teaching practice program. But, some reports from the partner schools stated that the participants of teaching practice program have not well prepared on implementing the learning in the classroom because of lacking the debriefing. In line with the development of information technology, it is very possible to develop a media briefing of pedagogical competencies for prospective teachers through an application so that they can use it anytime and anywhere. This study was one answer to the problem of unpreparedness participants of the teaching practice program. This study developed a teaching simulator, which was an application for learning simulation with the animated film to enhance the professional pedagogical competence prospective teachers. By the application of this teaching simulator, students as prospective teacher could test their own pedagogic competence through learning models with different varied characteristics of students. Teaching Simulator has been equipped with features that allow users to be able to explore the quality of teaching techniques that they employ for the teaching and learning activities in the classroom. These features included the election approaches, the student's character, learning materials, questioning techniques, discussion, and evaluation. Teaching simulator application provided the ease of prospective teachers or teachers in implementing the development of lessons for practice in the classroom. Applications that have been developed to apply simulation models allow users to freely manage a lesson. Development of teaching simulator application was passed through the stages which include needs assessment, design, coding, testing, revision, improvement, grading, and packaging. The application of teaching simulator was also enriched with some real instructional video as a comparison for the user. Based on the two experts, the media expert and education expert, stated that the application of teaching simulator is feasible to be used as an instrument for the debriefing of students as potential participants of the teaching practice program. The results of the use of the application to the students as potential participants of teaching practice program, showed significant increases in the pedagogic competence. This study was presented at an international seminar and in the process of publishing in international reputated journals. Applications teaching simulator was in the process of registration to obtain the copyright of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights. Debriefing for prospective teachers to use teaching simulator application could improve the mastery of pedagogy, give clear feedback, and perform repetitions at anytime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is intended to examine the development and validation of simple machines instructional material that developed based on Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) framework that provides guidance to help students learn and practice for real life and enable individuals to use knowledge and skills they need to be an informed citizen. Sample of this study consist of one class of 8th grader at a junior secondary school in Bandung, Indonesia. To measure student learning, a pre-test and post-test were given before and after implementation of the STEM based instructional material. In addition, a questionnaire of readability was given to examine the clarity and difficulty level of each page of instructional material. A questionnaire of students' response towards instructional material given to students and teachers at the end of instructional material reading session to measure layout aspects, content aspects and utility aspects of instructional material for being used in the junior secondary school classroom setting. The results show that readability aspect and students' response towards STEM based instructional material of STEM based instructional material is categorized as very high. Pretest and posttest responses revealed that students retained significant amounts information upon completion of the STEM instructional material. Student overall learning gain is 0.67 which is categorized as moderate. In summary, STEM based instructional material that was developed is valid enough to be used as educational materials necessary for conducting effective STEM education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students' conceptions of work and energy are important to support the learning process in the classroom. For that reason, a diagnostic test instrument is needed to diagnose students' conception of work and energy. As a result, the researcher decided to develop Energy and Momentum Conceptual Survey (EMCS) instrument test into four-tier test diagnostic items. The purpose of this research is organized as the first step of four-tier test-formatted EMCS development as one of diagnostic test instruments on work and Energy. The research method used the 4D model (Defining, Designing, Developing and Disseminating).The instrument developed has been tested to 39 students in one of Senior High Schools. The resulting research showed that four-tier test-formatted EMCS is able to diagnose students' conception level of work and energy concept. It can be concluded that the development of four-tier test-formatted EMCS is one of potential diagnostic test instruments that able to obtain the category of students who understand concepts, misconceptions and do not understand about Work and Energy concept at all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of games used for learning mathematics is still in debate. However, many research revealed that it gave positive effects on both students' motivation and performance in mathematics. Therefore, this study aims at investigating the effects of using LEGO-as one of games which students are familiar with, for learning mathematics, on both students' conceptual knowledge of fractions and students' attitude in learning mathematics. A set of learning activities consisting three meetings of fractions learning was designed for this study. The activities were mainly about solving word-context problems using LEGO as the model. Thirty students of seven grade with high-ability in mathematics and thirty two students with low-ability in mathematics were involved in this study. The data were collected through students' written works, video registration and field notes during the teaching and learning activities. The results indicate that in general the use of LEGO in learning activities support the conceptual understanding on fractions for both students with high-ability and low-ability in mathematics. Moreover, for students with low-ability in mathematics, it promotes the computational skill of fractions operation. The evidences also suggest that bringing LEGO into classroom activities improve students' motivation and engagement. However, in some cases, students were more focus on playing than learning. Therefore, teachers play important roles on providing clear pedagogical instructions about the way to use LEGO properly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge of teachers in learning activities in the classroom has a close relationship with how well and how much students learn. Recently, a promising development in teacher education has appeared that centers on the academic construct of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). This study was an exploratory study into a science teacher education program that seeks to build the foundations on which pre-service teachers can begin to build their pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). The program involved the use of Content Representations (CoRes), which was initially applied as component of a strategy for exploring and gaining insights into the PCK of in-service science teachers. This study involved the researcher and 20 students (third year) in a pre-service teacher education course (School Science I) in science education when the students worked to make content analysis on the digestive system topic. During the course, the students make their own CoRes through a workshop for digestive system topic individually, in pairs and whole class discussion. Data were recorded from students' CoRes, student reflective journals, interviews, and field notes recorded in the researcher's reflective journal. Pre-service teachers' comments from interviews and reflective journals were coded in relation to references about: (1) the effectiveness of variety strategies in building the knowledge bases required to design a CoRes and (2) their awareness and/or development of tentative components of future PCK for a digestive system topic as a result of CoRes construction. Observational data were examined for indications of increasing independence and competency on the part of student teachers when locating appropriate information for designing their CoRes. From this study, it is hoped that the pre-service science teachers are able to build knowledge and then transform it into a form of PCK for digestive system topic for their first classroom planning and teaching to teach digestive system contents effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this survey, we selected the 11th building of North China Electric Power University as the research object. Data were measured and distributed on each floor. We record the temperature of the classroom, humidity, wind speed, average radiation temperature and other environmental parameters. And we used spare time to create a questionnaire survey of the subjective feeling of the survey, to get everyone in the classroom TSV (hot feeling vote value) and TCV (thermal comfort vote). We analyzed the test data and survey data. What's more we discuss and reflect on the thermal comfort of the human body in different indoor temperature atmospheres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]