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The article is devoted to the development of a test system for the simultaneous gene diagnostics of four alleles in the beta-casein locus in cattle. Allele-specific TaqMan probe technology was used. In this case, the fluorescent probe is an oligonucleotide complementary to the PCR product. In order to conduct bioinformatic studies, some of the materials were taken from the OMIA (Australia) and NCBI (USA) databases. On the basis of the developed methodology, certification of two breeds of cattle (red steppe, bestuzhevskaya), belonging to the red genealogical root, was carried out. An allelotype was established in the studied animals for the beta-casein locus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design complexity of a chip is increasing day by day and because of which cost of testing is also increasing exponentially in terms of time and money and the remedy of this problem is DFT – Designfor testability which plays an importantpart in the ASIC design flow by reducing testing time and providing high fault coverage. Testing can be of two type Intest and Extest. In order to perform extest, we have to perform the boundary scan and for that we have an IEEE standard in DFT known as JTAG – Joint Test Action Group. JTAG is basically a design which we add as an additional circuitry to the system which makes input as controllable and output as observable. In DFT, we commonly use internal scan for testing but in some cases such as board-level test and diagnosis, test on-board interconnect among chips and test on-chip system logic makes boundary scan important which leads to JTAG as important part of DFT. This paper is primarily focused on the study of the logical functionalityof JTAG. We are going to do this by including JTAG into a design structure. The structure includes a master and a slave. Master have the JTAG for interface similarly slave have AHB for interface. Now, for communication we need a common bridge in-between. The data flow through the JTAG in order to perform are the sole purpose of this paper. We are going to design this structure in AMD Xilinx VIVADO 2019.2 and for the analysis and understanding purpose of the design, we will also perform theRTL analysis, Synthesis analysis which will create the netlist and at last we will use the netlist to generate the power report also. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability of distributed generation to deliver cost-effective, environment friendly, high-quality and more reliable solutions have resulted in a rise in its use for electricity generation around the world. To balance power demand closer to load centers, DGs and capacitors are preferred over centralized power generation. An appropriate position and capability of DG plays a crucial role in addressing common power system issues like system loss reduction, voltage profile enhancement and stability. The best location for DG in the test system is determined using the loss sensitivity factor in this paper. The top five suitable locations are chosen, and all feasible combinations for DG integration are tested. To achieve minimal losses, Type I and Type II DGs are incorporated individually in the IEEE 33-bus test system at varying penetration levels using ETAP. The penetration levels chosen for the same are 30%, 50%, and 70% for three different scenarios, namely with single DG, two DG, and three DG. The outcomes are then compared to those of other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes an algorithm for balancing a platform on aerodynamic suspension based on measurements of the angular velocity sensor. Results of the algorithm experimental development are presented. The developed algorithm makes it possible to improve adequacy of results of the nanosatellite angular motion control system testing. The balancing algorithm error is comparable with errors of the known algorithms that are using more expensive measurement instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a social manufacturing system that involves small medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with different locations, it is necessary to have material delivery via courier. Materials from each of these SMEs are sent via courier to the manufacturer to be integrated into a single product. The purpose of this research is to develop an android-based courier delivery monitoring system application. With this application, each SMEs and manufacturer can monitor the location of the courier when sending materials to the manufacturer. The method used in this research is research and development, which starts from observation, system requirements analysis, system design, system testing and evaluation of system test results. The making of this material delivery application uses the MIT App Inventor software, which is connected to the web-based Social Manufacturing Monitoring System (SMMS) that was previously created. The result of this research is an android and GPS-based material delivery application that can be used properly. Each SMEs can monitor the movement of shipments from the starting point to the manufacturer via the web SMMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modeling the distribution of bioelectric activity biopotentials by the type of geometric surfaces. A methodology for spatial analysis of norms and pathologies in the field of transport safety medicine is being developed. A spatial model of moment states on the temporal segments of myocardial repolarization is constructed using a multi-electrode system of leads. The electrode lead system is tested on the resulting spatial model. Recommendations are given for the visual identification of hidden changes in the conductive zones. Parametric estimation opens up prospects for the development of methods for predicting estimates, that is, the transition to dynamic models, built, for example, on the basis of difference equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Safety has always been the most important thing in the aircraft industry. Every aircraft has to be inspected and repaired if there are any defects. The current existing method of aircraft inspection requires heavy machinery, and it is time-consuming. This project is to make an alternative method for inspectors to do a visual inspection that is more efficient than the existing method. For the project, Intel Realsense Depth Camera D435i was used for its depth capability and DJI Phantom 4 Pro V2 as the drone for the new system. Tests were done to analyse the device's accuracy to see if it can be used in an aircraft inspection. The tests involve depth analysis system test, the wireless range for system test, and drone camera movement test with a depth camera. Depth analysis system test has few tests such as maximum distance test, horizontal angled camera test and vertical angle camera test. For the maximum distance test, the distance obtained was 130 cm. The result obtained for the horizontal angle test is that the camera can get accurate data from 60° to 90° horizontally, measured from the aluminium plane surface. In contrast, it can get accurate data from 80° to 90° from the plane surface for the vertical angle test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conventional water quality monitoring needs the use of water sampling and laboratory analysis. In terms of water usage in a swimming pool, this encourages people to ignore the water quality aspect and permitting negative impacts such as pool infection outbreaks. Water quality in a swimming pool has always been neglected due to time-consuming and costly methods. In addressing current problem, this research project aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT) based water quality monitoring system specifically to monitor water physicochemical quality in swimming pool applications. The system utilizes IoT to display the output in a real-time manner for on-site monitoring and off-site monitoring using mobile phone, visualize through Blynk application. In this research, the water quality parameter that had been analysed are pH and Total Dissolved Solid (TDS). TTGO Lora ESP32 has been selected as the microcontroller for its advance feature of built-in Wi-Fi module and OLED display. For data acquisition, two type of sensor had been chosen namely DF Robot Gravity Analog pH sensor V2 and KS0429 Keyestudio TDS Meter V1.0. The pH sensor used has a measurement range of 0 to 14 pH value and calibrated with standard buffer solution of pH 4.0 and 7.0. While the TDS sensor used has a measurement range of 0 to 1000 part per million (ppm). TDS sensor has been calibrated using predetermined TDS value solution. Both sensors have successfully undergone calibration process to ensure the validity and credibility of the system. As a result, pH sensor has percentage error of only within 0.25% and TDS sensor percentage error within 0.34%. The main reason both sensor selection is due to its viability in monitoring and achieving intended swimming pool water quality. The system developed has been tested in actual swimming pool applications before the result being analysed and compared with several standards and guidelines. By having a reliable quality monitoring system, corrective procedures can be conduct accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The software testing process is not only important but also a complex stage SDLC (software development life cycle) process. For estimating the activities of the system in the software testing stage testers implement test scenarios as input for the system under test (SUT). For improving the superiority of the system and also finding faults implementing test-cases shows an energetic role. Our research work target towards implementation of test cases automatically by combinational Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagram so that it can display higher effectiveness in starting phase of the system development procedure of model-based testing. This research uses UML diagrams like Use Case Diagram (UCD), Activity Diagram (AD), and a combination of both generates System Testing Graph (STG). The combination of these two diagrams has been proved as the well-suited diagrams to implement test cases from the earlier combination graphs. Our technique suggested in this research paper is Uniformed Graph Traversing (UGT) Algorithm that is combined with Level Order Traversal (LOT) Algorithm to implement predictable test scenarios. In this research paper, we prove that the UGT algorithm is useful to implement test scenarios, and also these test scenarios are providing precise outcomes; each vertex existing in the test scenarios includes some situation. In this proposed approach we also disclose faults for example decision fault, fault of dependency, interaction fault, and loop fault which results in assessment effort reduction. The implemented test scenarios are directed to one requests controlling tool which can be in contradiction of the requests. It also protects time period and work and also, raises the value of implemented test scenarios, thus enhances the complete routine in a testing phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The black-box approach to embedded systems testing, also known as functional testing, requires a special set of metrics to be gathered in order to evaluate its outcome. This article presents the overview of the most common metrics that can assist in measuring the effectiveness of testing and that can be used to compare the different test methodologies or strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch (ORPD) is one of a non-linear complex optimization problem. The main purpose of ORPD is to obtain minimum power loss by control variable system adjusting in all system limitation requirements. The control variables that need to be optimized are the value of bus generator voltage, tap transformer settings and shunt reactive elements. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has developed in several new variants. In this research, the PSO algorithm was improved using Individual Different Evolution (IDE-PSO) algorithm. This algorithm was conducted to solve ORPD problem on IEEE 30 bus test system as the research object. The simulation results show that the total value of active and reactive power losses decreased by 1.39% and 1.95% respectively, comparing with the system initial condition. The IDE-PSO algorithm results also were compared with the Standard PSO results. The IDE-PSO algorithm proved to be more effective than the Standard PSO algorithm for ORPD problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of e-learning has become of great significance with a high demand and the urgent need for it, hence it has proven its effectiveness as a successful alternative learning technique. This paper covers literature that explains the overall concept of e-learning, with the significance of e-learning and the need for it in the conclusion section. It provides an overview of the e-learning state in Iraq and the current state of universities in Iraq. Here in this article, we address an important e-learning application, which is the online test system for students. We engage in the explanation of this system, where its benefits are presented. Finally, the paper proposes to establish a system of tests using the Java computer programming language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern driver assistance systems for blind spot monitoring are aimed at significantly reducing road accidents, helping drivers to avoid collisions partially or completely when changing lanes. These systems respond faster than humans, work continuously, and are used in various segments of the automotive market. Blind spot monitoring systems constantly monitor the road scene around the vehicle, warn the driver of hazardous road conditions, and can even take corrective action such as slowing down or stopping the vehicle. This work is devoted to the description of the development of a proprietary blind spot monitoring system. A review of the market in the field of blind spot monitoring systems from various car manufacturers is carried out, an algorithm for the functioning of the system being developed is proposed. Virtual tests of the system were carried out in the CARLA simulator, as well as field tests of a real prototype with the installed system at a special testing site of the GAZ group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of the fusion of UPQC and WECS presents the problem of the PQ distribution system in work with attention to extenuating. WECS, sequences and APF shunt are unplugged with the DC-link which compensates for voltage decreases, swellings and harmonics. The UPQC reward approach with GSA is currently being reviewed. In this respect, GSA is committed to improving UPQC control pulses. The defects will be reduced and the control signals will be optimal to achieve maximum distribution system performance. The objectives and limitations of system reliability are not linear. However, To solve the system reliability and redundancy problem a hybrid optimization process based on the frog spring algorithm and the bacterial algorithm has been proposed. The initial session introduces a random grouping strategy to preserve population diversity. Global search capabilities were enhanced with the updated Levy strategy. In the end, the migration method was used to avoid local optimum conditions. The proposed methodology was then applied to the mathematical tests and operations of the system reliability model in the new SFLA version. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presented paper is focused on design of a facility for experimental purposed of a metal and other parts treatment. The facility allows collecting data from the work of the gear motors involved in the treatment processes, analysing the data and experimental design of different control algorithms including robust control, intelligent control, etc. The proposed data transmission structure allow implementing remote interactive control based on IoT (internet of Things) and Industry 4.0 requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Significant modifications have been made to the Reactor Cavity Cooling System test loop at the Center for Nuclear Reactor Technology and Safety - BATAN, from being originally water-cooled with a long piping system to being air-cooled with U-Type flow. Analytical prediction of the thermal parameters of a passive cooling system is needed to provide initial data on the characteristics of the system so that it can be used as a reference in the implementation of experiments. The method used in this prediction is entirely based on empirical data from the literature which is then processed into a MATLAB-based calculation program. This test loop is in the form of a hollow beam with a width of 0.3 m, a length of 0.8 m, and a height of 9 m which is divided into two spaces with the bottom parts are connected. One side of the cavity wall is an electric heater plate with dimensions of 0.8 m long and 9 m high. At the top of the two chambers, there are holes where the air enters and leaves after passing through the heating surface. With this study, it can be predicted the mass flow rate of air, the amount of power evacuated, and the resulting air temperature distribution. With 4 variations of heating temperature, namely 50 °C, 100 °C, 150 °C and 200 °C for air temperatures of 30 °C, it was predicted an increase in power from 498 W to 10255 W, an increase in mass flow rate from 0.031 kg/s to 0.064 kg/s, and an increase in evacuated air temperature from 47 °C to 188 °C. The results of this prediction can be used as reference data before the experiment is carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic Dispatch (ED) serves as an important mechanism, advantageous for controlling and operating. The core function of ED lies in the scheduling of the generation system, currently operating or running in each generating unit to minimize the need for load. The research system in this study was conducted by implementing the Modified Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (MCOA) method, then compared with the Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (COA) method. The considered values include load power, generator and power losses in the cost calculation. The system was tested for 10 times and analyzed to produce a generator power value and generator cost. The comparison results of the minimum MCOA were generator power of 1277 MW, a maximum of 1315 MW, and an average of 1293 MW, while the COA produced a minimum of 1278 MW, a maximum of 1341 MW, and an average of 1294 MW. At the MCOA, the cost generation was obtained at a minimum value of 13716 $ / day, a maximum of 14590 $ / day and an average of 14085 $ / day. Meanwhile, the COA was at a minimum value of 13801 $ / day, a maximum of 14694 $ / day and an average of 14301 $ / day. The last step was performed to reduce the value, in which MCOA method obtained a result of 85 $ / day or 0.80%, which was cheaper than the standard COA method. In addition, comparisons were conducted, indicating the result that the MCOA method was deemed successful during the 10 system trials in performing cost optimization better than COA in generating minimum costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines another way to deal with track down the ideal site and sizing of DSTATCOM with a target capacity of expanding the voltage stability. Voltage stability Index (VSI) and Fruit Fly Search (FFA) Algorithm is utilized to track down the ideal area and measuring of DSTATCOM. Present approach is tried on IEEE 33 standard test system. The acquired outcome shows that ideal arrangement and estimating of DSTATCOM in the spiral dissemination network adequately lessens the all out power misfortunes of the framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methodology developed focus on the optimization of the formulation of concrete to instant release of mold. Information for the developed formulation method is obtained from the technical data sheets of the materials and by a compactness test on a press. Mold characteristics and vibration parameters are also necessary for the use of the compressible stack model. From this information and the requirements outlined in the product specification, the formulation method determines the optimal granular mix, the volume of equivalent aggregates, the volumes of cement, addition, effective water and air are calculated by solving a system of equations and tested with constituents, a mold and vibration parameters used for its development. The results obtained show the accuracy of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Central receiver systems with open volumetric air receiver and packed bed thermal storage are an alternative to the currently deployed salt and steam receiver plants. The air receiver technology is being tested as a complete system at the 1 MWe test and demonstration plant Solar Tower Jülich since 2009 and shows high robustness and availability. Recent developments focused on increasing the thermal receiver efficiency. Changing the receiver geometry to a cavity type and further structural improvements resulted in an efficiency increase to above 85%, as experiments and CFD simulation models show. The high dynamic flexibility could be further enhanced. A commercial reference plant with 50 MWe power level was defined for a potential location in South Africa. An LCOE analysis based on an annual performance simulation was conducted for several design and operational alternatives. Under good conditions, results show LCOE values below 90 €/MWh for the single 50 MWe standard unit. Higher power levels can be reached by multiplying such standard units, leading to further cost savings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the project is to develop on automation of driving license system test for two wheelers where manmade work is monitored by computerized work. Our proposed system will automate the entire process driving license system for bike from verifying the person to monitoring and verifying the driving test taken by the candidate which completely reduces manual interface and unbiased results. Everything isautomated and no changes in results after the test is done and it also to avoid brokerage and loss of money. For those people who fail test cannot get license by money since everything is automated and it is perfect example for embedded system application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yersiniosis is an enzootic infection engaged in trout-breeding in a number of regions actively - in North America, Europe, Australia, South Africa. It is currently being detected in Russia, where it causes significant damage to fish farms due to high levels of fish death and damage to commercial species. The test system developed by the authors refers to veterinary biotechnology, molecular biology and can be used for fast detection of genetic material of salmon yersiniosis agent Y. ruckeri in samples for both diagnostics and scientific research. The addition of a standard bacteriological study by PCR will significantly reduce the duration of the study and more fully examine the population to obtain reliable information on the health of fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to control the most dangerous and common viral diseases of fish IPN, VHS and IHN in the aquaculture, it is necessary to create diagnostic kits and use it massively in veterinary practice for serological research. The present study proposes a biotechnological scheme comprising a short immunization cycle and an optimal amount of protein, which significantly reduces material costs during antigen preparation, moreover, it allows to obtain antisera with a high antibodytiter of 1:2048, which are used to prepare immunological reagents of test systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article shows the antioxidant properties of new derivatives of 2-aminothiazole containing diterpene fragment. Using the method of luminol-dependent chemiluminescent analysis it is revealed that the tested compounds under investigation exhibit antioxidant properties in model test systems, where the processes of reactive oxygen species formation, lipid peroxidation, and cell phagocytosis of the blood are induced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar Grid-tie Inverter System is rapidly developing in response to the trend of converting to using renewable energy. In which, the research of power electronics to imply has an important role. Researchers often use Matlab and PSIM software to simulate power electronics systems to help compute and analyze algorithms very well. These softwares can generate code automatically embedded in the MCU to directly control Power Electronics switches such as IGBT, MOST FET ... so the evaluation of the theory is developing very fast. However, when implemented in practice, programs generated automatically in the simulation have not high reliability, and may cause problems in the first time test. This article analyses possible causes of problems in DC / DC converters and proposes solutions to test the system with a degree of safety while the driver program may be incomplete. This article content includes: Introduce overview DC / DC converter in solar GTI. Control errors can occur in the circuits and their consequences. Generalizing incident possibilities and proposing a prevention method. Verification simulation: Surveying a solar GTI 1P - 5kW system solar with voltage VSolar = 200- 500VDC (MPPT point), connecting to AC grid 1P - 50Hz. This paper uses PSIM software to simulate the DC/DC converter to analyze the transient as well as possible failure cases in the DC / DC converter to propose an absolutely safe test solution for the first time test. The results applied in the Solar GTI (Grid Tie Inverter) system actually include the test of creating control errors, but the parameters of the test system are still safe. The demonstrations were assessed through simulation using PSIM that imaged the current and voltage of the test system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discussed one of the types of synchronization method, the method called adaptive-observer, this method was applied to a type of Chua circuits, known as attraction - repulsion, the case of synchronization succeeded in the circuit when the transmitted variable was X1m and the coefficients of the coupled system were identical. When the parameters of the two couple systems differed, we noticed no synchronization. We also discussed the effect of the correlation strength factor (feedback gain) on achieving synchronization in the chaotic circuit. As we found that increasing the value of the correlation coefficient leads to the absence of interference between the sent and the received signal, as well as reducing the error rate and the speed of synchronization between the two systems, but in the case of mismatch of the coefficients, the state of non-synchronization remains the same even if we increase the correlation coefficient to d = 200. The success of the state of perfect synchronization led us to implement a secure communication system as well as a system for encrypting images using the chaotic system. The strength of the encryption was tested by the chaotic system using histogram, entropy in addition to the correlation coefficient, space key and key sensitivity, which all showed the high security of the encryption used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the large number of faults that may face the electrical power system and the difficulty in making the system more stable by evaluating an accurate critical clearing time, in this research, the method of unstable equilibrium point (RUEP) was used in conjunction with the simulation method of the time domain, mainly using neural networks. To rapidly and accurately assess the critical clearing time (CCT) as an indicator of transient stability using a multi-layered neural network (MLP) as a relationship between input and output variables use neural networks. The IEEE-9BUS test system was used. After obtaining results for the research proposed method, it was found that it provides a fast and accurate tool for online transient stability assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anti-bullet vests are the key components of anti-projectile protection armour which are required to absorb high energy impact. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the development of an inspection system to determine the reliability of these sintered parts. The paper presents some of the research into the non-destructive testing applications implemented in the newly designed in-line automated conveyor system, designed to ensure the reliability of these critical components. The physical size of the ceramic plates (40 × 30 x 5cm) and the plate profile raises numerous challenges, and the system combines the use of a high-resolution laser 3D profiler and a high- resolution 2D x-ray imagining technique, using dedicated image processing algorithms on a fully automated conveyor system. The processed laser and x-ray test data is used to determine important parameters, such as: 3D dimension, thickness, density mapping and defect sizing and positioning to achieve high levels of sensitivity and dimensional resolution (circa 60 microns). When integrated into high speed mass production, the rapid collection of integrity data adds significantly to maintaining the highest levels of quality control, and the conveyor process will be capable of high-speed high sensitivity production. The system measured plate parameters which are compared with acceptance values, and the rapid sample scanning, data acquisition and total accept/reject process takes around 30 seconds. Studies are underway to closely determine the exact material density, by further processing the correlation of laser thickness values and x-ray data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the investigation of shear walls behavior in seismic response of tall buildings. In this study, shear wall system was tested for one building with total ten systems namely I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, and X. Seismic loads were applied to the building models using response spectrum method. In the response spectrum data, the acceleration equals the ground acceleration 1.0 g on its direction and 0.3g in the opposite direction. The result indicated, the comparison of all model in term of displacement show model VI produced the lowest lateral displacement and base shear load of 5.8 mm and 2407 kN, respectively, while model II has the highest displacement of 11.57 mm. The study show, displacement of model VI was decreased up to 21% by adding boundary elements compared to model I which both of the model located at the same location. Thus, it can be concluded that, in term of displacement the optimum solution to resist seismic load by provide a shear wall with boundary elements near the core of the building as applied to Model VI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We suggest a theoretical approach for registration of spatially localized external magnetic influence (SLEMI) on surface nanosystems by means of longitudinal spin susceptibility. This approach is tested on the system of antiferromagnetically coupled adatom dimers, which are connected to each other through ferromagnetic exchange. By full diagonalization of hybrid quantum-classical Heisenberg model it was shown that switching the direction of the «classical» dimer (as a result of SLEMI in our consideration) causes qualitative change in the system, which could be observed at longitudinal susceptibility spectrum. It states this characteristic to be additional one to single adatom magnetization, which can serve as an indicator of SLEMI during transmitting process or as an output channel for spin logic gates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents an electromagnetic-acoustic testing system with a small force of magnetic attraction to the surface of a ferromagnetic object. Magnetizing systems of electromagnetic-acoustic transducers, which are part of the testing system, have optimal weight, size and magnetic characteristics and can increase the sensitivity of the system to continuity defects of ferromagnets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crystallographic facet-oriented polyhedral structure was observed in Zn doped SnO2 crystals and which was synthesized using hydrothermal method. ZnSno2 crystals observed different morphology and shapes such as truncated cubes, cuboctahedrons with different concentration of Zn (NO3)2・6H2O. It was observed the shape evolution of ZnSnO2 particles sizes gradually increasing from about 200 nm to 1−2 μm. These results not only provide ZnSnO2 polyhedra bound by different lattice planes, but also make it possible to investigate the morphology, relationship with different morphologies obtained under similar conditions. The samples were done characterization using FESEM and FT-IR methods. The optical properties were studied using UV-Vis Spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques were carried at room temperature by using the oxidation/reduction process testing system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The material inventory control system in the company shows that the addition of material inventory is carried out repeatedly and the demand (needs) of the material becomes rigid because it is highly dependent on the needs of the production process. The implementation of Make to Order system within the production process creates a demand that is probabilistic in nature as such that it requires proper raw material inventory planning. At present, inventory control policies in the company are not accurate in anticipating probabilistic demand, leading to a high number of lost sale products. The problem with the company is that the company is not aware of the level and timing of orders that are appropriate in controlling raw material inventory. Based on this condition, this research aims to help the company in determining inventory control policies using Q and P lost sale through Monte Carlo simulation approach system testing analysis. After obtaining the results through Q and P models, a simulation will be performed to see the effectiveness of the policy. Based on the simulation results of inventory policy, Model Q has the advantage of saving total inventory costs by Rp13,778,373.58 and decreasing the number of lost sale products by 352 units or with a percentage increase in succession of 76% and 100% compared to the company's current system, while Model P can also provide a total inventory cost savings of Rp10,457,037.44 and a reduction in the number of lost sale products by 352 units or with a percentage increase in succession of 59% and 84%. Based on this, we can draw a conclusion that the best alternative inventory policy model is obtained in the Q model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work is devoted to an experimental study of the regularities of inelastic deformation and the processes of development of defects and cracks in samples of composite materials with concentrators and cracks based on the integrated using of the method of correlation of digital images (DIC), infrared thermography (IR) and acoustic emission (AE). In the course of the work, methodological issues of the integrated application of test and measuring systems were solved, the evolution of inhomogeneous deformation and temperature fields was analyzed, illustrating the laws of initiation and propagation of cracks in fiberglass samples, and the jump-like nature of the crack development in the materials under consideration was noted. In the analysis of various parameters of the recorded AE signals, it is noted that during loading and development of a crack, a change in the mechanisms of development of defects, damage accumulation and crack development occurs. The influence of the direction of composite reinforcement and the properties of the loading system on the processes of deformation of specimens with cracks is estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the identification of linear dynamic systems using a new hybrid topology based on firefly algorithm with addition of fixed nonlinearities in the delta domain. The global search is carried out by the bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA), while the firefly algorithm (FA) is used to fine-tune solutions in hybrid topology. For identification in the delta domain, a test system with different polynomial nonlinearities was used. Delta operator presents a unified approach for system modelling, matching continuous and discrete-time results at a high sampling rate. An unbiased signal, contaminated with white noise, was taken up as an input for the estimation of unknown parameters of the modelsas well as coefficients of the polynomial nonlinearities. Not only does the hybrid algorithm outperform the originator heuristics of which it is made up, but it also outshines some of the latest approaches to heuristics recorded in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The constructive complexity of the building envelope, together with the high degree of performance required in new dwellings, entails the application of computer-based modelling tools over the design processes. Furthermore, to achieve the NZEB (net zero energy building) qualification, the use of BPS (building performance simulation) tools during the early design stage becomes indispensable. In this context, the present research aims to analyse the interoperability potential offered by BIM-based (Building Information Modelling) software to optimize the modelling phase and to improve simulation results. The research shows advantages and drawbacks related to a workflow adoption based on 3D BIM implemented in Autodesk Revit, and on energy simulation in IDA-ICE environment, by means of a visual algorithmic programming tool. The Bestest ASHRAE case study has been considered as reference system to test and verify the actual process optimization. The outcomes identify what is the correct information set which is needed for the energy analysis to get suitable energy simulation result with the minimum data losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An original design of a test bench for plunger hydrocylinders with energy recovery is proposed. The modeling and calculation of the hydraulic and mechanical systems of the stand was made. Noise phenomena of the hydraulic system of the bench were simulated. A theoretical assessment of the vibration that occurs in the elements of the system. An assessment is made of the level of arising noise to select constructive measures to reduce it. The main parameters of the test bench for the resource tests of RSM-10.09.02.100 plunger hydraulic cylinders were calculated, its main structural elements were designed and manufactured, and the test bench was assembled and prepared for experimental studies of the main operational properties, including issues concerning the working conditions of the stand operator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are theoretical researches directed to more in-depth studies of the «Track – Rolling stock» system. They allow solving a variety of technical, economic and ecological tasks of railway transportation. Our team have developed some methods of physical and mathematical modelling and dynamic monitoring of nonlinear mechanical systems which have allowed creating an effective experimental base. In its basis there is a unique laboratory complex for modelling tests of systems «Track – Rolling stock» with various types of traction and trailing rolling stock. It is noted that the experimental results obtained in the laboratory or bench tests to a very great extent match the natural ones. This is provided with the help of correcting methods of non-uniformly scaled, physical and mathematical modelling. The findings of researches give ample opportunities for creation of effective management methods for frictional contacts of a subsystem "wheel-rail"; the following values depend on its reliability and efficiency: a trailer loading, brake track, resource of wheelsets and permanent way elements, reliability and efficiency of a main lead of a traction rolling stock, noise levels and vibration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective is to obtain the blow-off limit of a stabilized flame within a constant area duct with a conical bluff body which enhances the flame stabilization. Along with the blow off limit, the methods of improvising the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio to control the flame instabilities occurring in thrust augmenters can also be antagonized. The setup comprises of a diffuser, settling chamber, plenum chamber, fuel injection system and the test section. Initially the conical bluff body is placed in the test section area constructed with mild steel, when the flame fires within this area, it is diverged into two sections due to the presence of the conical bluff body which forms a recirculation zone immediately near the bluff body and diminishes far downstream. The dynamics of the conical bluff body and the mass fuel rate play a major role in controlling the flame instabilities. Viewing the images of these flame structures using Image-J software gives a detailed analysis of the colour radical representation and the layers of complete and incomplete combustion occurring during the flame stabilization and blow off event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a sustainable ways in managing the fruit and vegetables waste (FVW) as due to its suitable properties. However, study of AD on these waste are less reported in Malaysia. FVW was characterized and used as substrate for biochemical methane potential (BMP) test. A batch BMP test using Automatic Methane Potential Test System (AMPTS II), was carried out under mesophilic temperature. The result showed that FVW contained complex organic compounds in particulate and soluble forms. The organic compounds were existed mostly in form of particulate matter, indicates by lower concentration of soluble form. Overall, the anaerobic process of FVW was stable throughout the study and completed in a shorter period. Results shows that the AD of FVW reveals ultimate methane yield of 294ml CH4/g VS. In addition, the kinetics parameter observed from modified Gompertz modelling analysis was fitted well to the laboratory data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reveal vibration characteristics of hydraulic excitation system based on the fluid-filled pipe, a hydraulic excitation testing system is developed, which mainly consist of an elastic plate connected with the pipe served as a vibrating unit. Its mathematical model is established, the evolutionary process of the three-dimensional and two-dimensional vibration trajectories is simulated. By comparison, the vibration trajectories of the two-dimensional vibrating screen are regular, and that of the three-dimensional vibrating screen is confused, but which has higher screening efficiency. So, served as a new vibration mode, the three-dimensional vibration trajectory based on the hydraulic excitation has more advantages than that of the two-dimensional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fault is needed to be quick and accurately identified to improve service reliability in a distribution network. In order to identify the location of fault, type of fault is required to detect firstly. In this research, the faulty type classifications are analyzed by considering the voltage sag and current swell profile using MATLAB programming in distribution network. The method uses the voltage sag and current swell data during a fault was simulated at the nodes and test into the MATLAB programming to identified the faulty type classification. The distribution network was performed on 18 nodes test system and 10 type of fault in phases with 5 different fault resistance. The tested network was adopted from Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) distribution network in Malaysia. The distribution network is configuration on 132/11 kV with 18 nodes in the PSCAD software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distributed Generation (DG) is currently attracting both distribution utilities and consumers due to its capability to solve most of network expansion’s problem; reduce power loss, enhance reliability of system, improve voltage level, enhance the efficiency of the power system networks and etc. DG has the capability to increase the short circuit level and due to the embedded nature of DG, the short circuit current (SCC) calculation is more complex. In most of the current researches, the location of DG is determined based on the capability to reduce power losses, enhance voltage profile and improve the voltage stability but not consider the impact of DG integration on SCC contribution. In this paper, the SCC and voltage sag profile studies were performed to determine the optimal location of DG integration in IEEE 30 bus test system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article contains information on the development of methods and means of testing of full-scale aircraft structures, the main methodological approaches in the experimental studies of the strength of the aircraft units, technical means, equipment and systems of test stands, methods and equipment of non-destructive testing in the Department of strength of the Siberian research Institute of aviation. The features of computational methods and experimental studies of aircraft units made from composite are considered, the results of static and service life tests are presented, the influence of impact external and climatic factors on the structure and strength is estimated, the sequence and criteria of destruction of composite structures are investigated, the influence of manufacturing technology and initial defects on the static strength and fatigue life of samples and assemblies is evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the compilation of a mathematical model of an energy saving device for testing rotary hydraulic motors. There are several systems variants for testing hydraulic motors. By appropriate plugging in and connecting the individual components, we can save energy during testing. A functional device for testing rotary hydraulic motors was selected. Specifically, it is a variant of the system with a hydraulic pump, an electric motor and a tested hydraulic motor on a common shaft. The existing device for testing rotary hydraulic motors is expected to be upgraded. The mathematical model of this device is created to verify operating conditions. The mathematical model was created using Matlab SimScape Fluids software. The results of the mathematical simulation are compared with the measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a system for estimating the fineness of pieces of crushed ore at the stage of medium and fine grinding. The processing of video images of crushed ore particles is described. The results of industrial tests of the system are given. High sensitivity of the system to variations of the grain size composition of crushed ore particles is mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing the inspection quality and speed is essential in manufacturing applications, especially for large structures (e.g. modern aircrafts). Traditional ultrasonic manual scanning can be comprehensive, but lacks repeatability and is time-consuming. Several robotic non-destructive testing systems have been developed in recent years. Although high inspection rates have been achieved by the use of robotic arms, there is the need to furtherly increase the inspection speeds, to cope with the current industrial demands. For systems delivering robotic ultrasonic inspection through phased array probes, the current bottleneck is given by the time required to electrically fire all elements of the phased array probes, which limits the maximum scanning speed of the automated manipulators. This paper discusses the development of a multi-aperture beamforming method to focus the beam with multiple focusing points at a single firing. This work investigates this approach and the influence of different aperture excitations on the data quality. Experiments have been carried out using a 5MHz 32-element phased array probe manipulated by a KUKA robot. The results highlight the possibility to significantly improve the speed of automated inspection compared to linear beamforming, without compromising the inspection quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complex continuous care process of patients suffering from thalassemia is largely due to a collection of a large volume of diverse data, which makes traditional paper-based approach burdensome. Adoption of electronic medical records (EMR) system is the best solution in this situation because of the documented benefits in previous studies. Unfortunately, current implementation rate of the system, especially in Malaysia, found to be poor. Studies showed that it is related to low acceptance level towards the system. Previous studies recommend collaboration with targeted end-users during system development stages. Therefore, this article investigated and proposed a framework for online Thalassemia medical record management system which developed with the involvement of the targeted users, which are doctor and nurse. Paediatric Day Care Unit in Hospital Sultanah Aminah was selected for the setting of this study. In this study, previously gathered user requirement was analysed to produce the system framework, which then was used to develop the prototype. Usability and acceptance testing of the system prototype was conducted, from which questionnaires and interviews were given to 3 doctors and 3 nurses. System Usability Scale (SUS) was used and the mean final score was 68.75 with standard deviation 5.352, which is slightly above average. The results also support the previous study which found a significant negative correlation between SUS score and age. The results of the user acceptance testing (UAT) showed a very positive and encouraging feedback from the users. In conclusion, the framework proposed in this study can be accepted and used as a reference for any effort to develop a similar system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a high voltage test system based on VR technology. The project innovatively combines VR technology with power frequency high voltage test to isolate the operator from high voltage, reducing the risk of operation and reducing the cost of the test. The main functions of this system are: 1. Fully simulate all functions of the laboratory; 2. Intelligent guidance system: teaching and guiding the operation of students; 3. Background evaluation system: evaluation and scoring for students' operations; 4. Big data platform: for all The student's operation process records, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the students, the teacher summarizes the results and improves the teaching level. This article describes the modeling software C4D and game development software unity used in the development system, and analyzes the advantages of these two software. Finally, the steps and methods of establishing the system are explained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development and application of new energy and electric vehicles, the harmonic problem in the power system has become more and more prominent, which has drawn the attention of industry and academia. Harmonic problems are also a huge test for power system energy metering. At the same time, due to the increasingly prominent problem of ultra-high harmonics, the special research on low-order harmonics has certain limitations. How to reflect the degree of harmonic influence in the power grid system has a very important impact on the electrical power metering and charging of the entire power industry, maintaining and protecting the power grid environment, and also guaranteeing the efficient and orderly operation of the entire power industry. This paper summarizes a harmonic energy resilience warning indicator that can effectively reflect the degree of harmonic influence in the power system---the harmonic active power content rate, and calculates the maximum harmonic active power content and super under the international standard limit. Harmonic active power content rate under higher harmonics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]