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In Oil and Gas industry, especially onshore operation, access to reach the oil/gas well and other surface production facilities is one of important aspects. The demands for access road in this industry is very high. The technical solution is needed to make the road construction fast and low cost. This paper will conduct a study about the application of Geotextiles Non-Woven to improve soil condition (subgrade) through comparing the pre to the post treatment data. The existing soil is categorized as silty clay with soft consistency based on available visual hand bor report and it is compared to CBR test after the construction finished. Geotextile non-woven specification is also discussed through several laboratory tests. This paper will summarize the process of road construction in Klamono, Papua to obtain illustration how geotextile is applied according to available technical standard which is applied in Indonesia. The standard design will be compared to the real construction which is displayed in as built drawing. Construction method is also mentioned to aim an illustration how the treatment was conducted on site. Finally, it is advised that future research will investigate the comparison of road maintenance between the one use geotextile and not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rattus tanezumi frequently interacts with humans and can carry various infections, such as zoonotic organisms. This paper reported a new locality record of Tikusnema javaense Hasegawa, Shiraishi and Rochman, 1992 (Acuariidae: Nematoda) parasitizing R. tanezumi in Papua, Indonesia. The genus Tikusnema, with T. javaense as the new species, was originally described from ricefield rat Rattus argentiventer (Robinson and Kloss, 1916) from West Java. So far, the distribution of T. javaense is Java and Sumatra islands. This is the first record of this species outside Sundaland. Furthermore, this study was also the first report on the presence of a phasmid pair near the male posterior tip. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetic susceptibility and geochemical data have been widely used in environmental studies. In general, the data are analyzed only based on the correlation between variables. In this paper, the multivariate statistical analysis method is used intensively to identify environmental conditions based on magnetic susceptibility and geochemistry. The objects of this research are the two inlet rivers of Sentani lake, Papua, Indonesia, namely the Hubay and the Kamp Wolker River. In this study matrix correlation, principal component analysis (PCA) and the factor analysis technique were employed in the analysis task. Using the methods, we found the characteristic of geochemical elements and their correlations with magnetic susceptibilities, and dominant geochemical elements in the inlet rivers, which distinguishes the two rivers significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The smoldering peat fire can spread undetected and has related to the haze problem in Indonesia. During a long dry season where rain chances remain low, often become the triggering condition for peat fire. However, the situation has worsened recently due to the opening of agricultural canal networks on peatlands which accelerates moisture loss on peat layers. Once ignited and smoldering, peat fire is hard to extinguish and highly unpredictable. Therefore, understanding the drying processes and the kinetics would help to predict and prevent the conditions at which critical moisture content from occurring. This work evaluates the drying process experimentally, and the kinetics of Indonesia peat that extends the work by Palamba, P. et al. [5] by using new samples originated from Riau and Papua as a comparison. The isothermal tests using a Moisture Analyser performed by varying the temperatures of 50°C to 110°C for each peat samples. The measurements include moisture content, evaporation, and mass-loss rates. These variables were utilized to indicate the minimum activation energy level required by the peat sample for drying processes before ignition take place. The main results and outcomes of this work will be provided and analyzed in the full paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia, one of the Asian countries, has many kinds of fermented food which coverage area are from Sumatera to Papua. Fermented food product is processed food through fermentation process, where certain microorganisms play an important role during the process. Growth of undesirable wild microorganisms may cause fermentation failure and results in undesirable products. Many researches have been done to explore fermented foods from several areas such as dadih and tempoyak (Sumatera); ikan peda, petis, oncom, tape, tempe and kecap (Jawa); brem, urutan, bebontot, brengkes (Bali); sour horse milk (NTB); sei (NTT); and bekasang (Sulawesi). From these products, the usage of many kinds of microorganisms are also explored. Most of them are of a group known as lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which has been used as starter culture, as well as probiotic. By using LAB as starter culture, some benefit such as acceleration in the process and ensure quality and safety of the products, were shown. During fermentation, LAB produce lactic acid and other metabolites that respectively lower the pH and limit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. The bacteria also release hydrolytic enzymes (lipases and proteases), which are able to break down macromolecules, such as lipids and proteins, resulting in the production of precursors for specific aroma. The discussion in this paper is focused on the role of LAB on safety and quality of fermented food, especially urutan (Balinese fermented or dried sausage) and sour horse milk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The percentage of the poor population (PPP) and the Human Development Index (HDI) are important indicators to measure the success of a country's development. Papua is the province with the highest PPP and the lowest HDI in Indonesia. Therefore, these two indicators in Papua require special attention and appropriate methods, especially when analyzed with other variables as predictors. One of the predictor variables that affect PPP and HDI is the School Participation Rate (SPR). The bi-response Spline Smoothing estimator is applied to this data because there is a correlation between PPP and HDI and the relationship patterns between the two responses with SPR are unknown. The Model estimation is done by applying the Penalized Weighted Least Square method. The best model for PPP and HDI in Papua is a model with a minimum GCV value 8.4554, this model gives R2 = 97.63% and MSE = 7.0153. The validation of this model produces MAPE value of 6.57%. These empirical results indicate that the bi-response Spline Smoothing is suitable for modelling the PPP and HDI simultaneously in Papua Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dendrobium lineale Rolfe is an endemic orchid of Papua, Indonesia. Mass propagation of D. lineale has been performed through the induction of somatic embryogenesis by inserting AtRKD4 embryo gene from Arabidopsis thaliana. This research objective is to confirm whether the AtRKD4 in T-DNA that harbor 35S::GR::AtRKD4 can express properly in D. lineale transnsformant in order to induce somatic embryos (SEs). The leaves from 10 plantlets were cultivated in New Phalaenopsis (NP) medium added with 15 µM Dexamethasone (DEX) or 3 mg.L−1 Thidiazuron (TDZ) for SE induction and NP0 as control. The expression was analyzed in developmental stage of 1-, 3-, 5-days and 7-days after induction by DEX and TDZ. The expression of AtRKD4 in orchid genome was detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using AtRKD4 specific primers. The result showed that the transgene expression was detected as 382 bp fragment of cDNAs amplified from transformants after 1-, 3-, 5-and 7-days induction by DEX and TDZ, with the highest expression was after 5 days induction, and probably will induce somatic embryogenesis from leaves. In conclusion, AtRKD4 transgene can be activated by using DEX and TDZ after 1-7-days cultivation with the optimal induction in 5 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]