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As a country that relies on its electricity consumption from the coal power plant, the production of fly ash as a coal power plant by-product in Indonesia is high. However, fly ash consumption in Indonesia was reported to be below. One promising attempt to increase fly ash consumption is introducing high amounts of fly ash as cement replacement in producing innovative mortar. However, this novel mortar's early age properties are still scarcely reported. Thus, this research tested the early age properties of high-volume fly ash mortar (HVA). Two compositions of HVA that used 50% and 75% cement replacement were produced. The workability, setting time, and seven days old compressive strength of mortar were tested. The result shows that increasing the amount of fly ash in the mortar mixture proved to increase the workability and delay the setting time of fresh mortar. The compressive strength of 7 days old mortar decreased with the increase of fly ash amount. In conclusion, the maximum recommended cement replacement in the mortar with fly ash was 50%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human activities today are very dependent on the use of electricity ranging from simple activities to large activities. It has an impact on increasing electricity demand. At PLT EBT Baron Technopark Yogyakarta, electricity needs are generated by themselves. However, PLT EBT itself has a fluctuating level of electricity production depending on the natural phenomena around it. Therefore, it is necessary to plan for the supply of electricity to balance the electrical power generated, prevent blackouts, and better energy sources management to deal with fluctuating electrical energy production. One way to balance electric power with power demand in conditions of fluctuating electricity production is to perform accurate load forecasting in the future. This study uses the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method using data on the electricity load of PLT EBT Baron Technopark Yogyakarta from October to November 2021. In the training process, the best network model was obtained with input_width = 48, Train_size = 0.8, and build model = 64, 32, 32 where the MSE value is 0.001 and MAPE is 8.03%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

West Kalimantan is one of provinces in Indonesia with population approximately 5.47 million people. Currently, most of the electricity demand is supplied by fossil energy and still importing the electricity from Malaysia. The large use of fossil energy causes a negative impact to the environment as they contribute to the spread of CO2 emission and other harmful pollutants into the environment. In order to decrease this emission, utilization of nuclear power plant will be a rational choice with its several advantages. In this study, West Kalimantan electricity system was modelled as an isolated system without grid interconnection to other regions and the system will consist of coal, gas, hydro, bio, solar, energy storage and 100MW nuclear power plant (NPP) as base load. Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) software was used to determine the techno-economic parameters of the electricity system under multi-scenario. The result shows NPP could help the government to meet the new and renewable energy (NRE) and emission reduction target effectively. Nuclear scenarios show that on 2030 there will be at least 6¢/kWh additional cost to generate electricity and more than 1.4 Billion USD as initial cost. In conclusion, government should give several attractive investment option especially on nuclear power plants as the highest capital cost technology to achieve the new and renewable energy (NRE) and emission targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assesses Jawa-Sumatra interregional electricity system's long-term planning until 2050. The planning is determined based on least-cost optimization in the TIMES model. The model considers a high disparity between electricity demand, power generation infrastructure, and energy resources. Twenty-seven technology power generations and three energy storage technologies competed in this model. The model also reviews the pattern of generating operations and the role of energy storage on an hourly for each region. A Trading scenario was applied to plan power generation with interconnected transmission between Jawa-Sumatra by HVDC transmission. The results show a power generation portfolio for BAU, and gas-based power plants dominate the trading scenario in Jawa and Sumatra. The trading scenario results from an increase of 70% installed capacity in Sumatra and a decrease of 23% installed capacity in Jawa; an average of 1.96 TWh of electricity is exported every hour to Jawa. The cost of producing electricity in Jawa will decrease from 10.69 cents USD/ kWh to 9.15 cents USD/ kWh and Sumatra from 6.77 cents USD/ kWh to 4.88 cents USD/ kWh. Penetration of renewable energy, especially utility-scale solar PV in Sumatra, will increase 19% and reduce emissions to 322 gCO2/kWh. To export electricity from Sumatera to Jawa required needed 43.6 GW transmission capacity in 2050. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global international shortage of electric power guided the researchers to look for low-electrical power consumption devices. Absorption chillers are the lowest energy consumption devices because they have a small centrifugal pump as the unique moving part that consumes the electrical power. The momentum of the fluid (solution or water) will be increased through the pumping process and afterward, it will be lost through the expansion valve(s). This study suggests installing a small pump to work as a turbine (PAT) between the high-and low-pressure sides to exploit some of the fluid momentum losses to produce the power. The present study focuses on multi-effect LiBr-Water absorption chillers type. The results showed that the generated power via using the PAT is more than or equal to the consumed power through the regular pump(s). Actually, the excess power can be used to drive another chiller pump(s) in the same brand instantaneously or to be stored for further applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electricity demand in Surakarta has grown by an average of 3.65% annually since 2014. On the other hand, there is also an increasing waste production in the city, producing 110,893 tons of waste in 2019. To overcome this two problems, the government of Surakarta collaborates with PT Solo Citra Metro Plasma Power to build 5 MW Waste-to-Energy (WTE) power plant in Surakarta. This paper will focus on feasibility analysis of WTE into 20 kV grid system owned by PT PLN (Persero). Load flow analysis, short circuit analysis, and total harmonic distortion analysis will be conducted using ETAP software. Simulation results showed that the smallest distribution losses occurred at Palur Substation by 87 kW. Meanwhile, short circuit current when the WTE entered the Palur Substation is 14.73 kA on the 20 kV Trafo-3 Pauwels Rail Bus and 6.12 kV on WTE Bus. Both voltage losses and short circuit current values are within the allowed limits under the ESDM regulation regarding Grid Code. THD at the connection point of GI Palur on peak load and off-peak load after the WTE is connected is still within the permissible limits (below 5%). THD analysis results are 0.31% for peak load and 0.32% for off-peak load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, electrical power consumption has been expected to be growing within the upcoming decades driving by the high demand and rise of population. Currently, the major concern related to the used energy resources is the poor of sustainability and depletion for the fossil fuel resources which represent the main source for power generation. Therefore, the need to increase the use and optimize the renewable energy systems have become greater than ever. In Malaysia, hydro energy resources are available, and easy to be utilized. In this study, a new hydro turbine model design using SolidWorks is proposed and tested under several operating conditions. Basis of the model that this study proposed predominantly follows the existing Kaplan turbine model due to the alikeness of the operating condition and the suitability of the range in which the attained numeral fall under. Nonetheless, instillation of additional feature in the proposed model, namely the baffle plate was made to further unlock the potential of the model. Structural analysis for the selected materials comprising Stress-Strain analysis was performed. The analysis for the blade displacement and internal flow behavior for the proposed model was also included. From the tested operating conditions, theorized power output is approximately 882.9kW with runner's torque of 16733.45Nm. Analysis of the result involving the influence of fluid entry angle on turbine performance is also indicated in the form of flow trajectory, namely the density of the flow accumulated in under baffle plate feature of the model. Supporting this analysis is the simulated outcome following the simulation conducted on the model with boundary conditions obtained from earlier theoretical calculations. Numerical analysis has suggested that with 0° entry angle, average torque output appeared the highest among other entry angles. Ultimately, a safety factor of 2.246 was attained after considering stainless-steel alloy 316 as the base material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable energy, a quick and easy way to use the energy for present purposes and also to save it for our as well as the future of our generations. So, these ways are going to make our or one's house greener as well as sustainable. But, here in this article the main focus is going to be on the electricity. All the electricity can be backed to us by using different ways that has been mentioned in the article. These all sources can be excellent to our homes but these can also be used at different areas including – Business area or any other workplace where electricity is used. There are also some schemes like community energy scheme where neighbors come together and connect to this scheme. So, in this review article the main focus is on to power our houses with renewable energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of the expansion of the exploitation of water in the industrial sites in general and the electric power generation station in the city of Nasiriyah, and to keep pace with the state of urbanization and the increase in the population, it is imperative that we research the technology used in the development of water resources and the development of the possibility of expanding the exploitation of water, which has not been used sufficiently to a certain extent, and it is by followers One of the sustainability strategies in the use of treated wastewater in saving water has been predicted using time series and the least squares method for the next 10 years, where the amount will be Consumption in the year 2025 is about (3981930 / m3) with a percentage (8.0%), as well as the forecast for the year 2030 at (10123860 m / 3), where the percentage is (20.3%). M3) and actual energy, while the design capacity of the water treatment plant reached (17000 / m3) after that it discharges it to the Euphrates River, and the general drainage is the (Indian) water treatment project and its location is towards the island, and instead of the drainage to the Euphrates River and after treatment And bear the financial costs in the central processing operations in the stations, thinking to take advantage of them in equipping one of the industrial sites such as the Nasiriyah power station [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents optimization of electricity bill using single-phase modified Impedance Source Inverter (ISI) with dual input sources for residential appliances. The proposed converter has dual DC input ports (Solar and Battery), connected with ISI. The main advantages of the dual input system, if any one of the input fails, the second input is connected and vice versa. Compared to the existing voltage source converters, the ISI has more advantageous by providing the continuous flow of inductor current, better power factor and single stage power conversion, which intern reduces the number of components and overall cost of the system. An optimized case study has discussed based on single bedroom in Bangalore city. In this, the smart hybrid controller device, which is used, for swapping the dual input based on the weather conditions, energy consumed by the load. This work uses renewable energy sources as one of the input due to its effectiveness of energy in a small group like home, parks, and offices. Energy consumption calculation based on appliances, PV design calculation, boost control method and switching schemes those are analyzed and the optimization based load demand are discussed. Finally, the performance analysis of the load and the efficiency are discussed in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia has committed to the National Energy Policy (KEN) or the National Energy General Plan (RUEN) to increase the Renewable Energy Mix which is at least 23% by 2025. Given that Indonesia is a tropical country, the energy from solar using Solar PV (Photovoltaic) has great potential to be developed and utilized. In this study we conducted an analysis of the application of Solar PV to meet the additional electricity demand for residential sector in South Sulawesi from 2019 to 2025 with certain scenarios. The results of calculations using the center of gravity method show that Makassar is the best location for development of centralized power plant in South Sulawesi. The demand of residential sector increase by 34,88% from 2019-2025. The best option for developing Solar PV Power plant is by individual scale Solar PV rooftop power plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the transition process between the tradition generation based on gas turbine combined cycle and the distributed generation, the call for primary energy savings and for CO2 pollutant emissions mitigations moves the scientific community to look at innovative arrangement for accomplishing the end-user needs in terms of electricity consumption, cooling and heating demands. In this context, cogeneration units arranged in CHP layout are able to generate concurrently the assets required by the user, allowing for higher global system efficiencies and reduced CO2 emissions, especially when integrated in smart-district where energy storage technologies are also adopted. The multi energy mixing on the primary source and on the demand sides requires advanced algorithm in order to optimally design and operate the cogeneration smart district. The paper deals with the setup of a cogeneration smart-district simulation tool based on a mixed integer quadric programming technique for solving the optimal dispatch problem, by optimizing the primary energy consumption and the CO2 emissions related to the smart-district design and operation. A real test-case related to an industrial site in the port area of Singapore has been assumed as reference for demonstrating the capabilities of cogeneration smart-district to reduce the primary energy consumption and the greenhouse emissions. The simulation tool has been firstly validated among the data available by two end-users (User A and B), constituting the industrial plant, then it has been adopted for exploring the optimal smart-district design, demonstrating that the cogeneration layout, in which User A and User B are served as a unique User A+B, allows for achieving 15% primary energy saving and up to 18% CO2 pollutant emissions. Furthermore, the advanced mathematics embedded in the cogeneration simulation tool has been used for establishing the best control strategy for a reference week of operations. Accordingly, components sized and capacities and optimal dispatch profile are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia consumed 410,454 GWh of electricity in 2015, with the average electricity consumption of 918.6 kWh per-capita. This number is still below the national energy policy mandate that targeting of 2,500 kWh per-capita by 2025. To meet the target, it is necessary to increase the installed capacity of power plant by identifying and utilizing the potential of local energy, particularly from renewable energy resources. This gap between electricity supply and demand is one of the most common energy modeling research areas in developing countries. Proper and efficient execution of policy play a vital role in the implementation and adoption of innovations, such as: potency of energy diversity by using waste to energy (WtE) technologies to generate electricity over conventional power generation. Within this context, a system dynamic (SD) model was developed to identify the most suitable policy from the long term perspective to generate electricity from municipal solid waste (MSW). The methodology explains the feedback loop through causal diagram. Additionally, it also explains the involvement of various stakeholders and the variables necessary for the implementation of WtE in Indonesia. The policy instruments included in the model are: land availability, MSW management, WtE technology options, electricity generation and GHG emission reduction. Furthermore the model was exercised in the Bandung area. The results show that combinations of the above mentioned policy instruments significantly increase the supply of electricity, reduce the GHG emission, decrease the available land needed, and increase the share of renewable energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]