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Problems of development of transport and road complex in the era of transformation of socio-economic systems, in particular caused by consequences of pandemic COVID-19, were analyzed. The justification for the need to develop a new strategy for the development of the transport and road complex for the exit of the economic system of the Russian Federation from the crisis is given. The logic of constructing the author's concept is presented, in which the transport and road complex is considered not simply as a factor of economic development, but as an attractor of the development of the socio-economic system of the state. The paper presents an analysis of the picture of state bifurcations and methods of reproducing the transport network. The synergy of the process of influence of transport and road complex on socio-economic system is described. An algorithm for choosing spatial solutions for the development of the transport and road complex has been developed to expand communication opportunities and eliminate the socio-economic asymmetry of the development of individual territories. Conclusions were drawn on the possibility of using the proposed concept of the development of the transport and road complex in the socio-economic policy of the Russian Federation to overcome the crisis caused by the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of improving inter-level cooperation in the management of rural areas in modern conditions, in view of the intersectoral and interterritorial affiliation of infrastructure systems, determined the goals and objectives of this paper. The purpose of the study is to determine the guidelines for organizing inter-level cooperation in managing the infrastructure of rural areas on the basis of studying scientific sources, analyzing statistical information, identifying patterns of modern development. The authors considered trends in the development of rural infrastructure on the example of the entities of the Ural macroregion of Russia. Among the results of the study, the role of infrastructure as a material basis is noted, which forms relationships and interactions in rural areas, leading to a qualitatively new integration of participants in reproductive processes associated in a specific location. To overcome negative trends and improve the quality of cooperation in infrastructure management, it is proposed to introduce the institute of agro-industrial territorial economic systems, which allows developing the logic of management processes while respecting the interests of business, population and management. The results of the study confirmed that inter-level cooperation is the most important element of management activities in achieving sustainable development of rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ensuring economic security is a priority for the development of both regional socio-economic system and the economy of the state as a whole. Maintaining the safe development of the economy is due to two components that form a generalized structure of the concept of economic security: ensuring the prerequisites for economic growth and improving the quality of life in the region. In this paper we review the methodological framework and assess the economic stability of the region to external threats. At the heart of the process of forming the region's resistance to external threats are its components, among which we evaluate the financial, industrial and labor components. This approach allows us to quantify the formed internal immunity of the subjects of the Russian Federation, which reflects the economic stability of the region. Indicators are included in the integral indicator with a certain weight. In this embodiment of testing, all the weighting factors of indicators balanced with each other. The result of approbation of the method is a quantitative integrated assessment of the level of internal immunity of the region. We define the concept of internal immunity of the region as ensuring the stability of the functioning and continuous development of the economic system at the expense of the reserve of financial, industrial, labor and other resources formed in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the subjects of the Russian Federation are becoming increasingly independent in the areas of management, management and disposal of financial resources in the region. The trend of decentralization of management leads to an increase in the responsibility of regional authorities for the current socio-economic situation in their subordinate entities, as well as for its further development. Ensuring economic security is one of the priorities for the development and regulation of regional socio-economic systems. The need to maintain sustainable economic development is due to two components that form a generalized structure of the concept of sustainable development: ensuring the prerequisites for economic growth, improving the level and quality of life of the population of the region. Economic security is considered as a set of economic, geopolitical, environmental, legal and other conditions that provide prerequisites for its survival in the event of a crisis and for development in the future, protection of vital interests of the state in relation to its resource potential, balance and dynamics of development and growth. The paper presents a model for the overall assessment of the impact of adverse socio-economic factors on the formation of sustainable development of the economic system. Due to the use of the Cobb-Douglas production function, the influence of threats was taken into account by means of a model description of indicators describing the dynamics of financial and labor resources. As a result, a mathematical definition of risk for the development of socio-economic system, expressed as a risk for the formation of GRP. It is possible to obtain a rapid assessment of the impact of economic threats on the development of the economic system and to calculate the economic damage possible in the implementation of these threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of human capital plays the key role in the technological and economic development of modern societies. On the current stage, many countries require highly skilled specialists due to a razing intensity of knowledge in technology. This is explained by the fact that highly skilled specialists contribute to the acceleration of knowledge accumulation, innovation implementation, and lead to the development of socio-economic development due to a higher level of economic activity. Therefore, to provide the country’s development and competitiveness at the global level, it is important to maintain the academic exchange and to attract highly skilled specialists. Russia has a number of peculiarities in the migration process of highly skilled specialists. On the one hand, the country is experiencing the consequences of mass emigration of highly skilled specialists in the 20th century; on the other hand, it has a low ability to attract qualified specialists from other countries due to the specifics of the development of the socio-economic system. Features of socioeconomic development of the country lead to the fact that currently in Russia obtain a unidirectional nature of the migration process of highly qualified personnel. Migration on a permanent basis and the mobility of the scientist has a different impact on the domestic science, on the increment of its intellectual capital. To solve effectively the problem of scientific emigration, it is necessary to assess the potential of scientific emigration and to be able to assess and predict the scale and direction of potential flows of scientific migration. The existing models and model complexes take into account macroeconomic dependencies to the detriment of the description of individual behavior, which limits the applicability of models to describe migration in a changing market environment. Due to the lack of a model complex that allows describing the variable dynamics of scientific migration between the labor markets at the macro level and scientific organizations at the micro level, it is necessary to analyze and evaluate methods for forecasting specific cases of labor resources redistribution between organizations, and to structure the main forecast methods. As a result, we developed a multivariate dynamic model of forecasting scientific migration with elements of the theory of positional games. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we examine the modern trends and problems of scientific migration. Due to several socioeconomic trends, that have taken place since 1990s and led to scientific immigration, Russian economic system lost a significant share of scientific capital. According to the statistics, the main factors of scientific migration were financial factors and better work conditions at the centers of scientists attraction. To develop and calibrate a dynamic model for scientific migration simulation we elaborated a data mining approach and different model functions to set the scientific migration dependence on wages and working conditions. According to the model idea, potential scientific migrants have the information on the difference of living and working conditions, and the information on scientific opportunities in both countries of origin and migration attraction. After the modeling description of the main drivers, the observed parameters are used at the main dynamic multi-factor equation. It is necessary to highlight, that scientific migration cannot be analyzed just from the point of view of economic effectiveness, this process also takes into account personal skills and preferences of scientists. For model development we analyze migration from the point of view of scientific mobility, which takes into account both brain drain, brain gain and brain sharing, as the main tendencies of the current stage of labor market development. Scientific migration is not purely a good or a bad phenomenon for the socio-economic system due to the recent social tendencies and increasing academic mobility. Because of scientific migration, labor market loses an amount of scientific potential, due to brain drain, and, at the same time, gets an increase in amount of scientific migrants, due to brain gain. So, the most effective phenomenon for economic growth is brain sharing, when wellqualified scientists have an opportunity to travel abroad, to improve their skills, and to stay involved, at the same time, into scientific projects at their main scientific organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]