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This research builds a mathematical model of microgrid hybrid Photovoltaic (PV)/wind/biogas with a battery system and load. The power generated by the hybrid system is stored in a battery system which is then distributed to the load of the slaughterhouse. In this study, the modelling and simulation of microgrid systems include the power capacity of PV, wind, and biogas systems are 9 kWp, 400 kW, and 1.175 kW, respectively, with a battery capacity of 1600 kWh to serve the peak load at a slaughterhouse in 17 kW. The simulation results show that the performance of the proposed hybrid microgrid system can be monitored to maintain continuity of power distribution to the load. Modelling and simulation of microgrid systems implemented using MATLAB Simulink 2020a. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The continuity of electrical energy is inseparable from the reliability of the power system. In the event of a disruptive circumstance, the utilization of slack buses facilitates the transfer of functions from one primary source to another primary source. The Slack Bus is a solution aimed at mitigating the discrepancy between the load demand and the available producing capacity resulting from network losses. This study involved the simulation of the electric power system's operation by assigning the slack bus to three distinct locations, specifically bus-1 (Bakaru), bus-31 (Punagaya), and bus-37. The subject of discussion is Sengkang, a region in South Sulawesi. The simulation of the SULSELBAR 56-bus electrical system in the year 2022 was conducted using MATLAB 2013a software. The simulation results indicate that the smallest overall losses occur when Bus Sengkang is selected as the slack bus, with total losses amounting to 123.11 MW and 499.72 MVAr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To Power system simulation is crucial for system planning, design, and operations; accurate modeling plays a key role in identifying potential system deficiencies. Recently, various power electronics-based devices such as voltage source converter high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) and wind power plants have been integrated into grids, presenting a challenge of system simulation and analysis. A two-area four machine system and IEEE 39 bus system are modeled in MATLAB Simulink. The transient response of the systems under various disturbances such as tripping of transmission line, faults and change in reference values are analyzed. Two stable local modes and one unstable inter area mode are detected in two area system for a step-in voltage reference from 1.0 pu to1.05 pu. The unstable inter area mode is destabilized using PSS. IEEE 39 bussystem is analyzed under various scenarios and it is evident that the system is prone to electro mechanical oscillations when it is subjected to disturbance. But the oscillations are naturally damped out and the system again enters into steady state followingthe disturbance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A grounding system must be utilized to provide a tiny amount of resistance channel to the earth to assure safety and prevent faults. When an unplanned or unanticipated above-normal potential current or voltage spike occurs the grounding system is crucial for completing an electrical path to the ground. There are many grounding techniques that can be used to ground the neutral point in the power system. A grounding system may be created by using a solid conductor, via components like reactance or resistance, ungrounded, etc. However, in case of the solid grounding system, there is no impedance in the neutral route; the protection systems will detect a high fault current. In this case, high resistance must be applied to the neutral grounding channels to reduce the fault current, but the voltage of the healthy phases will be greater than the nominal phase voltage and the protection system cannot sense the fault current. One of the most efficient and economical grounding system methods is the effectively grounding system. For the purpose of achieving this system, two basic conditions are required The ratio of zero-sequence reactance to positive sequence reactance cannot be greater than three, and the ratio of zero-sequence resistance to positive reactance cannot be greater than one, regardless of the operating circumstances or the generator's capacity. This research wills exanimate the grounding system of the Iraqi power system and shows there impact on the single and three phase fault current. Power System Simulation for Engineering (PSS/E) is used in this research to evaluate the impact of the grounding system on the short current in the Iraqi power system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides hybrid solar and wind systems integrated with battery. Solar and wind are more suitable combinations in renewable energy because eco-friendly and natural abundance is high, a geographical location globally. Hybrid system integrated with bidirectional DC-DC (BDC) converter, 3–∅–inverter and LC filter. Mostly, polycrystalline panels are used for industries and residential areas because of constant output towards the partial shading effect that the voltage and current based under a standard condition of Solar Irradiance 1000W/m2 and Temperature 25°C. However, this proposed system improved reliability; reduce voltage fluctuations due to various irradiations and wind speed combined with the main grid. The battery with a DC-DC converter is incorporated to the main power system by a 3–∅–inverter and also the battery is used to store the energy in normal condition and deliver the energy when not available of the sources.That is compared withstand along with systems. Finally, the simulations of the separated hybrid power systems with BDC, 3–∅–inverter, and LC filter were validated in Matlab/Simulink. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today mathematical simulation is practically sole method, with no alternative, for obtaining comprehensive and reliable information about regimes and processes in electrical power systems. This is due to the impossibility of making field tests in real EPS, and significant limits of physical models. Therefore, according to official standards and regulatory documents of JSC “SO UPS”, the development of the hardware-software simulators for real-time power system simulation with the purpose of automatic voltage regulators setting and certification is the most urgent issue. This paper proposes the Hybrid Real-Time Power System Simulator usage as the solution. The performed studies and tests (partially demonstrated in the article) show the possibility of such simulator usage for the stated aims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers the problem of the correct operation of the out-of-step protection operation in electric power systems with wind power generators. The relevance of the subject under study is confirmed by a literature review. To solve the problem, a concept has been developed based on a hybrid approach to power systems simulation. The application of this concept will allow for a case of injection wind turbines into the power system to correctly configure out-of-step protection devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]