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The demand for transportation by the mobility of humans and materials from one location to another has created the need for not just the provision of transport facilities but also efficient and effective operations. Traffic Jam is one of the foremost problems confronted by people in moving their goods and services from one point to another. There have been so many attempts in reducing traffic congestion through roadway expansion and another grade-separated interchange to minimize conflict points, especially at an intersection. The need for the reduction of congestion, air and noise pollution, the alarming death rate by accident, etc. is now a huge concern to experts, consultants, and engineers around the globe. This paper review several ways or approaches in which Intelligent Transportation System concepts can be utilized to alleviate traffic jam with the introduction of this new phenomenon, road users will be able to benefit from smart devices, sensors network, variable speed limits, variable message signals, surveillance by cameras, vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. By doing so, the responsible traffic control authorities can also be more reactive and proactive in enforcing traffic rules and regulations to ensure safety and comfort during the trip making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Now a day's population in India is increasing more and more. Because of raising population, usage of vehicles is also increasing mainly in Urban areas. On account of the use of more vehicles, traffic jams are also more. Due to this heavy traffic, we are facing many problems like accidents, traffic jams, emergency vehicles clearance, etc. To avoid these problems, we introduce a solution "Intelligent Traffic Control System For Emergency Vehicle Clearance And Stolen Vehicle Detection Using Rf Technology". In this project, we have used Radio Frequency Technology to control the traffic signals for the clearance of the Emergency vehicles. And if any vehicle is stolen, then through the RFID technology we use to detect the vehicles by sending the location and Alert message will be displayed on the LCD display near the traffic signals and message and location will be sent to the control room by using GSM and GPS technology to take instant action. This project has the potential to save lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most important results of contemporary technological growth is the sharp increase in vehicle numbers, which has gotten more severe in the wake of the astounding rise in the overall population. Thus, the primary issue at hand is the delay in getting there. Sometimes the delay is explained by how long it takes to get to the hospital or receive initial care.I ndia's dire situation is made worse by traffic. A comprehensive solution is required to reduce the time taken at each step, even if the government is taking several initiatives. Some examples of these include evaluating the patient's status, calling for medical assistance, or making the nearest aid available. As a consequence, most countries in the globe today consider traffic congestion to be a serious problem. Using IOT, a system may be developed to enable emergency vehicles, such ambulances, to get at their destination as soon as feasible. The development of a smartphone application that will facilitate communication between traffic controllers and drivers is ongoing. We would provide the ambulance driver the option to choose the source and destination sites. Near traffic lights, digital screens will display the lane that the traffic controller selected. If other drivers can see the alert on the screen, they will be able to remove themselves from the scene or switch lanes before the ambulance comes. Thousands of fatalities may occur from ineffective traffic management if an ambulance won't be able to reach the hospital in time. However, the problem is becoming worse since, in emerging countries like India, annual road expansion is just around 4% while annual car growth is already at 11%. In light of this, the paper provides a novel, straightforward approach to traffic control in emergency situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congestion on traffic lanes is a key issue impeding the growth of a metropolitan metropolis. The reason for this is the growing number of cars on the road, which causes significant time delays at traffic lights. Several strategies and procedures have been developed over the years to address this issue and make traffic control systems more dynamic. The static traffic control systems operated on predetermined timings that were assigned to each traffic lane and could not be changed. There was also no mechanism for counting and detecting pedestrians at zebra crossings, nor for detecting emergency vehicles in traffic. Here in this research, we will investigate multiple machine learning and deep learning models for car and pedestrian identification in traffic-prone lanes. Furthermore, we will propose a system that will contain a deep learning model to recognize various types of cars, pedestrians, and overlapping and intersecting vehicles on traffic lanes. Finally, a choice will be taken to free up the crowded lanes depending on the traffic count on each lane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a cost-effective portable traffic light system, which is most suitable, especially in densely populated cities where the population and number of running vehicles are much more than its capacity. Firstly, we need to properly analyse the locations at which traffic signals are not installed and traffic jam is observed for a particular instant of time such as office/work opening and closing hours, festival times etc. So that portable feature will be advantageous. Secondly, the Traffic light system works without the power supply, it is also capable of working in any weather conditions with built-in storage of charge through batteries. This traffic light is adjustable and two-faced for easy installation and the current location of the traffic light can be detected. Finally, to generate fine on vehicle which does not follow traffic regulations camera and cloud application is used. In some areas, traffic management tries to control traffic manually which is not ideal. So, we need portable machines as an instant solution to control traffic in many of the places where the crowd is seen on festivals and occasional days near temples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the basic parts that cities depend on for movement and mobility is a road network. Therefore, improving and developing is network directly or indirectly affects various social, cultural, and economic activities. Al-Najaf is a city in Iraq that is currently undergoing development, but is facing challenges with traffic congestion in multiple areas of its street network. Regular diagnosis of the causes, locations, and severity of traffic congestions is crucial for two primary reasons. Firstly, it enables the classification of roads based on the gradual increase in vehicular traffic over time. Secondly, it facilitates the proposal of traffic engineering solutions that are tailored to the existing road networks. This study aims to assess the overall performance of the primary urban streets within the street network of Najaf city during morning and evening peak hours. The collection of field data involved the use of a video camera for the purpose of determining traffic volume, as well as conducting traffic surveys that entailed measurements of lane count and length. Additionally, a speed gun was utilized to ascertain the speed of free flow. The evaluation procedures from the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) are utilized to evaluate the operational efficiency of designated urban roads. As per the research findings, certain roads that exhibit free flow speed characteristics akin to highways during the early morning hours have been categorized as Classes I and II instead. The findings suggest that the percentages of urban street categories, including principal and minor arterials, collectors, and local roads, do not conform to the established sustainable standards outlined in the sustainable road hierarchy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing countries such as India face many problems when it comes to the management of existing traffic system and its inefficient planning and scheduling leads to traffic congestion, increased pollution level and transit delays. This requires a significant amount of attention to build a smart traffic management system. Taking this into consideration a framework is proposed to determine traffic density and use the corresponding data to further modulate the traffic signal proficiently. This will be carried out by applying two different methodologies namely Background Subtractor MOG and TensorFlow Object Detection API. A video from surveillance camera is taken as input which will be converted into frames using OpenCV and after processing the detected vehicles are counted, thus the density is obtained. This is followed by comparing the results obtained by the mentioned methodologies. A vital application of the determined traffic densities can be in controlling traffic signals in a smarter way, therefore leading in decreased traffic congestion and uniform flow of traffic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Road traffic by vehicles is continuously increasing through the world and they lead to terrible traffic jamming and significant delay in emergency services at cross roads. The vehicles stuck in that traffic jam may reach their destination with more delay which was lead to loss of lives or a property in some cases for example, emergency vehicles when stuck in the traffic jam like ambulance, fire engine vehicles, police jeeps, etc. Therefore it becomes most significant to control the vehicle traffic on the roads so as to acquire the effective control over the vehicular traffic based on the priority that may leads to saving the life of people in emergency situations by providing delay less services. This paper presents a survey on various methods and systems developed for the traffic classification according to the priority of emergency vehicle and for scheduling the vehicles accordingly in traffic. In this paper, different deep learning methods explored by various works are presented for effective increasing of vehicles creating traffic on the route of emergency vehicle. Finally, the works presented in this paper are compared and result analysis can be illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]