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One of the biometrics that is used to analyze and measure the features of any individual for security and authentication purposes is the fingerprint. purposes, and it is one of the most grown biometric types and considered legal proof of guide in a court of law all over the worldwide. The techniques that is used to find the matching between different fingerprint images have been varied Over the past few years, the researcher in this topic use several methods to extract the essential features, and use these features as input to different matching techniques in inked fingerprint recognition system.in this paper we will discuss in details the contents of fingerprint recognition system and how it is work and a several number of techniques and methods used by the researchers in this top and we made a compression between the widely used techniques to reach the best in terms of accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Writing a scientific paper is one of the essential skills for a Researcher. We investigate the research trend of Writing Scientific Manuscript Research from the Scopus Database. The study was conducted on October 1, 2022, using bibliometric analysis. Based on the data collected from Scopus Database, we found 1,197 documents using "Writing Scientific Manuscript" keywords from 1960 to 2022. Data were analyzed using VOSviewer software to show the keywords map and correlations between the keywords. Generally, based on the data, there are 5 cluster keywords, namely: "scientific manuscript" (red cluster), "editing" (blue cluster), "report" (purple cluster), "evidence" (yellow cluster), and "history" (green cluster). The scientific manuscript correlates directly with guideline, preparation, submission, reviewer, revision, skill, art, and responsibility. Another interesting finding is the existence of "evidence" cluster. The research must base on the evidence or phenomena. Furthermore, the Research paper must reflect the history of the research development to find the state the art. In conclusion, the research about Writing Scientific Manuscript needs to be explored deeply since this research is still in good trend until the recent year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

User Experience (UX) is gaining popularity as an essential success factor in many sectors and industries, including educational institutions. The problem in this study is how we, as VERGA application developers, can measure the level of user experience by measuring it using the User Experience Questionnaire method in the hope that when we get feedback from users, we can improve the performance of the VERGA application in terms of User Experience. It is the result of the interaction of users and systems. Researchers can produce and measure UX, whether essential or not because the purpose of making and owning a product is to answer existing problems and provide good service. The purpose of this paper is to measure and explain how the user experience in using the Verga application in various aspects of the Verga application. one method of testing user experience is the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) where this method has six scales or attributes to be measured namely: attractiveness, perspicuity, efficiency, dependability, stimulation, and novelty with twenty-six (26) items in total. The benefit of this paper is that the development team can redevelop the application to support user satisfaction and experience, and we hope that the user experience can be improved in this test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers are currently paying increased attention to the problem of green supplier selection because it affects the performance of green supply performance. However, the previous article never discussed the literature review on Green Supplier Selection for the Agri-food Industry. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide a thorough analysis of the methodology and context of Green Supplier Selection for the Agri-food Industry. From 2014 to 2022, 28 peer-reviewed papers were collected from the Scopus database and Google Scholar searches. This review study is divided into two problem contexts: green supplier selection and green supplier selection and order allocation. Furthermore, this review is based on a methodology that incorporates problem-solving techniques such as Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), Mathematical Programming (MP), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Hybrid (Integrating MCDM-MP and MCDM-AI). The results show that the Green Supplier Selection problem has received the most attention, followed by the Green Supplier Selection & Order Allocation problem. Furthermore, the MCDM procedure dominates the methodology used in the Green Supplier Selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Path planning plays a major role in autonomous navigation. Different curve fitting methods are used in creating path for autonomous vehicles. Among those Bezier curves are widely used to create path especially in roundabouts due to their special properties. The primary factor that affects the shape and curvature of the Bezier curve is the control points. Researchers have established equations for calculating the control points for a Bezier curve travelling through selected points. The two critical elements that determine the control points are the random points selected for control point calculation and the segmentation factor (t) for each of the points selected. The values of segmentation factor (t) is assigned randomly to each point. As the segmentation factor change new control points are calculated which makes a change in the shape of the curve but the curve will pass through the selected points. So, this paper presents the change in the shape of the curve as the segmentation factor (t) changes. Additionally, it demonstrates the change in segmentation factor (t) for each point selected to fit the curve within the required space and to adjust t value for connecting two different Bezier curves to create a single curve with continuous curvature. This paper also presents an equation for finding the t value for each of the points selected to avoid overfitting and underfitting of the curve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gives a systematic review of container handling operations analysis efficiency utilizing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The goal of this research is to examine several studies on DEA models used to estimate efficiency. It was also intended to signify which decision-making unit (DMU), as well as input and output variables, were frequently utilized in this study. This paper examines 28 papers published on Scopus and Web of Science databases from 2011 to 2021. The chosen papers in this review were identified using a multi-stage selection procedure. Some eliminations were made to select research conducted employing DEA in container operations depending on the author's criteria. According to the findings, DEA in container operations was widely utilized in 2018 and 2021. Port was chosen as a decision-making unit in eleven studies (46%). The most commonly used input variable was "berth length" or "quay length". The most frequently used output variable was "container throughput." This study will enable financial institutions, corporations, academics, and researchers to analyse the port's efficiency by employing DEA for input and output variable selection, an essential stage in DEA applications. This research also aimed to create awareness among lawmakers and port managers to enhance the efficiency of operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laplace transform is a principal technique which is discover to find the solution of various problem in a real life. Laplace transform is one of the most efficient tools which is used by the researchers to identify the solutions of various real problems patterned into differential equations or simultaneous differential equations and integral equations which is easily solvable by Laplace method. In this paper, we are proceeding to study the details on Laplace transform, its properties and "study on solving differential equation by Laplace transform". Laplace transform bring to the ordinary differential equations into an algebraic sum. This paper represents how ordinary differential equations is solved through Laplace transform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the importance, security, confidentiality, privacy, and progress of information at present due to the development in the field of information technology, sharing this information (text, image, audio, video) has become a critical problem due to the exposure of this information to penetration by attacking parties, and to solve the problem of penetration, many technologies have appeared to protect This information (text, image, audio, video) is cryptography algorithms and information steganography techniques. Steganography is a science that maintains the confidentiality of information (text, image, audio, video) between two communicating parties (the sender and the receiver), and it is a science that studies the invisible communication of information. In this paper, the researcher reviewed the most important techniques of previous studies for the last six years, such as LSB, PVD, DFT, DWT, DCT, Masking & Filtering, Distortion, and Statistical. In the science of hiding information, and analyzing it in terms of technical domain, invisibility, capacity, and complexity, all of these techniques can hide this information from hostile attacks. In this paper, the evaluation criteria for hiding the information (text, image, audio, video) were reviewed in terms of imperceptibility, robustness, capacity, and security. Also, the most important applications of hiding techniques (text, image, audio, video) were reviewed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-User Authentication Framework (MUAF) is the process of continuously authenticating the user even after their successful login. It is also known as Active Authentication and it has become a necessity today. Researchers proposed a few MUAF techniques. One aspect of this paper proposes a novel method for MUAF using the health patterns of the user. MUAF methods and solutions exist in the literature are specific to some devices and specific to some applications. There is no generic framework that exists for MUAF. Another aspect of this paper proposes a generic MUAF framework that employs appropriate available MUAF techniques based on the current device, current application, and current user. The proposed framework is generic and it can be used with any device, any application. When we use multiple MUAF techniques, each technique does authenti-cation on its own and makes its independent decision. All those independent decisions will be used to make a global authentication decision. Researchers proposed a few such fusing methods. Another aspect of this paper proposes a novel fusing method using the "Random Forest" concept. Proposed fusing method learns from the feedback provided by the reliable sources and refines itself to make efficient authentication in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Customer churn prediction is crucial to retain customers and manage business for decision maker. This paper focuses on reviewing existing problems and challenges in investigating telecommunication customer churn, which will help researchers understand the essential factors that affecting the performance of a prediction model. Based on the researches published from 2017 to 2021 in the domain of customer churn prediction, two research questions were proposed, which are (i) what are the issues and challenges faced by researchers in the territory of churn prediction model (CPM); (ii) what are the problems in customer churn prediction model addressed by most relevant studies. In terms of a problem-based literature review, this work indicates that data sparsity, feature selection with bias, imbalanced class distribution and evaluation metrics are major challenges faced by most researchers in CPM. Also, it shows the problems of the inefficient models are due to complex computation, high computation time and yields to unsatisfactory prediction results. In this paper, CPM is discussed focusing on problems and challenges faced by researchers exclusively in telecommunication industry, which is noted as the limitations of this work. For future research, a systematical review regarding data mining and methodology in different business sectors will be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The safety of passengers in a helicopter has been a matter of concern for a long time and not many advancements have been made to look into this issue. Few researchers have already addressed this issue but no proper one-stop solution is discovered yet. This paper is also an attempt towards increasing the safety of everyone traveling in a helicopter. The mechanism developed and explained in this paper can help in reducing the count of deaths in a crash to a great extent. This paper is divided into five sections. The first section helps in understanding the problem statement. The second section helps in understanding the mechanism of seat ejection. In the third section, the parts involved in the entire safety procedure are explained. All the features of the specially developed structure are described in the fourth section. In the next section, the properties of the materials used for the capsule are discussed. Some conclusions are drawn in the final section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the author first prove the theorem on bilateral generating relations for a certain two-variable generalised hypergeometric polynomials by the group theoretic technique introduced by Weisner. It is then shown how the main theorem can be applied to derive a large variety of bilateral generating functions for various special functions as well as for their various generalizations. Some results given by other researchers are thus observed to follow easily as special cases of the theorem proved in this paper. It is worth noting that special functions play role in the design of filters and approximation theory in communication engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the detailed overview on the artifacts related to Computed Tomography (CT) specifically Cardiac CT (CCT), their classification and various reduction techniques. In CCT, the motion artifacts occurs mainly due to the pumping of the heart which has to be reduced during and post CT reconstruction. The main drawback of CT machine is that it emits high radiation during scanning. Therefore, Low Dose CT (LDCT) and Limited Angle CT (LACT) have been proposed by various researchers to overcome the problem of emission of high radiation during scanning which provides better image quality with minimum radiation. However, the artifacts generated during scanning and in image reconstruction phase also affects the quality of the image which makes it a challenging task to medical experts during their interpretation. In view of that, the extensive research have been carried out by various researchers to reduce the noises or artifacts using traditional and machine learning techniques in recent past. Finally, the paper is concluded by presenting the current state of art deep learning approaches to enhance the performance of the existing methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complex permittivity of materials is a critical parameter in material diagnosis, as it describes their reaction to AC voltage. Researchers often use techniques such as the Cole-Cole diagram or the Havriliak-Negami equation to determine the frequency-dependence of complex permittivity. However, the interpretation of the Cole-Cole diagram can be challenging due to the overlapping contributions of multiple relaxation processes. In contrast, the Havriliak-Negami equation provides a more accurate and detailed characterization of the dielectric properties of amorphic materials. This paper presents a simple semi-automated application of the Havriliak-Negami equation to evaluate the influence of nanoscale fillers on the properties of polyester-imide resins. Nanocomposites, which are composite materials in which one or more components have a nanoscale dimension, are promising candidates for a wide range of applications due to their ability to significantly enhance the electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties of polymers. In this study, the researchers examined the influence of nanoscale fillers on the electrical properties of polyester-imide resins, which are commonly used as insulating materials in electrical rotating machines. The analysis presented in this paper provides an alternative indicator of the practical applications of nanocomposite dielectric materials. By examining the material in an unconventional manner, researchers can obtain new insights into their electrical properties and their potential for use in electrical rotating machines. The development of new dielectric composite materials can contribute to the improvement of the performance and efficiency of electrical machines, which is essential for the transition to a low-carbon energy system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of health monitoring systems has generated considerable interest among researchers in WBAN. The WBAN require a MAC protocol that aligns with BAN principles and fulfills specific requirements. However, designing an efficient MAC protocol for WBAN is challenging due to the distinctive attributes of the wireless channel and the need to minimize energy consumption. This paper aims to comprehensively analyze the performance of MAC protocols specifically designed for WBAN. To achieve this, under different scenarios, we evaluate the performance of two widely used MAC protocols, namely IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee MAC) and IEEE 802.15.6 (Baseline MAC). We utilize the Castalia-3.2 framework and the OMNet++ simulator to conduct our evaluations. We assess the performance of these MAC protocols in two configurations: GTS ON, which combines CSMA/CA and TDMA, meanwhile GTS OFF, which employs only the CSMA/CA access mechanism. The simulation results demonstrate that the MAC protocol incorporating CSMA/CA and TDMA outperforms the MAC protocol based solely on CSMA/CA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to develop a sampling frame and develop a probability-based sampling design for Muslim consumers who have experience in purchasing halal cosmetic products from various website in Malaysia. A 'sampling frame' is the sampling units in a population and their locations. It may consist of a listing of sampling units, or it may be based on a map of the population area within which sampling units can be observed. For Muslim consumers with experience in purchasing halal cosmetics from websites, it is common for no list of individual to exist. After the sampling frame of Muslim consumers was established, the probability sampling technique was used to determine the sampling size. The results are beneficial for researchers to serve as a guideline to conduct quantitative research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the behavior of two parallel foundations resting on the cohesionless soil for different foundations. As there are many empirical and analytical studies of shallow contiguous foundations on the sand in various conditions, dimensions, and forms; where The attempts to investigate the behavior of soils under stress from two close foundations can be traced back to [1], six decades ago but there are very few studies on the effect of deep foundations on adjacent shallow foundations, and this is what the researcher will address. The impact of interference on tilt, settlement, differential settlement, total normal stress, and pressure are studied using the finite element PLAXIS 3D-2021[2]. The sand is stimulated using the Mohr-Coulomb soil model[3]. A parametric study is performed for different clear spacing between the foundations' S' is varied from 0B to 5B until effects end in numerical studies. It also presents the impact of the Variation length of piles on the interface. Observe the reduction of the effects of neighboring high buildings due to using piles, where the differential settlement and tilt were reduced by about 32.5% and 47.5% when using piles of lengths 9 m and 15 m, respectively, with comparing with the raft foundation in the distance 0B between the two foundations with a load of 12.5 KN/m² for old building and load of 200 KN/m² for a new building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the algebraic graph theory is still being developed by many researchers. Let ℤ be a commutative ring. A graph I(ℤ) is a graph with a vertex set of units ℤ and x, y∈ℤ, x≠y, are adjacent if and only if x. y=1, and all vertices adjacent to 1. The complement of I(ℤ)= (V(I(ℤ)), E(I(ℤ))), denoted by I (ℤ) ¯ = (V (I (ℤ)) ¯ , E (I (ℤ ¯))) , is a graph with V (I (ℤ)) ¯ = V (I (ℤ)) and E (I (ℤ)) ¯ = { x y ≠ E (I (ℤ)) : x , y ∈ V (I (ℤ)) }. In this paper we determine the Laplacian spectrum of the complement of identity graph I (ℤ 2 p) ¯ , for some prime p, that can be constructed by investigating the eigenvalues of I (ℤ 2 p) ¯. The result shows that all eigenvalues of I (ℤ 2 p) ¯ are integers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays the world is largely dependent on conventional energy sources which are non-renewable and its demand is increasing day by day. The emission due to utilization of these energy resources causes air pollution and human disease. So researchers are focusing their attention on biodiesel as an alternative to diesel. Biodiesel while being renewable, environment friendly, has poor performance and higher NOx emission. To eliminate these problems up to some extent, blending with diesel can be done but increasing blending percentage again causes the same problem. To eliminate these demerits of biodiesel researchers are using nano sized particles as additives to biodiesel. A large number of nanoparticles are used as additives and resulted in improved performance and emissions, viz. increased "brake thermal efficiency", reduced "brake specific fuel consumption" (bsfc), lower release of Hydrocarbon (HC) and Carbon monoxide (CO) etc. Apart from poor performance, higher NOx release is the main concern with the use of biodiesel. Some nanoparticles reduce NOx emission while use of some other nanoparticles result in increased NOx emission. NOx emission varies with the concentration of nano particle as well. This paper reviews the research work in which nanoparticles such as CeO2, TiO2, GO, CaO, Al2O3, Bi2O3, SiO2, ZnO, NiO, Ag-O, CNT, MWCNT, nano water emulsion as well as combination of these nano sized particles have been used as additives to biodiesel or biodiesel blends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To format your abstract, use the Microsoft Word template style: Abstract or Use Times New Roman Font: 9 pt, Abstract. In the planet earth around 3,52,000 flowering plants are available, this makes sense to researchers to investigate more on natural fiber composites in a challenging way. In other hand NFCs are growing demanding flight by its applications, ecofriendly and satisfying properties like mechanical, physical, chemical and so on. On this scope this paper provides key guidelines about different ways of specimen preparations using natural fibers and encourages new researchers. The different categories of natural fibers, specimen preparation methodology of natural fiber composites, forms, orientation, combination, strength and different chemical treatment required after extracting the fiber were discussed. Found less work carried out on categories namely wood, Fruits/seeds and root fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for faster algorithms that can extract information from images is becoming increasingly crucial due to the continuously growing volume of image data in practically all disciplines. When using photos in your research, studies, and presentations, it is crucial to assess and evaluate them. Images, like any other source, should be evaluated and reviewed in order to determine their quality, dependability, and appropriateness. Images need to be examined and appraised on several levels. Researchers employ a wide range of methods and datasets for various kinds of image analysis. However, it is still important to survey, analyze, and describe the characteristics and significance of methodologies with support in a variety of applications that will be helpful for new researchers and everyone. The novelty of this review paper is to study the various types of image analysis techniques and datasets used in analyzing the images to detect, identify, and predict disease or any other useful insight content, which are used in various numerous applications such as the medical field, robot vision, pattern recognition, plant disease detection and prediction, and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detection of humans bodies in surveillance systems is very important due to its wide applications, and therefore the researchers paid great attention to human detection at close distances and did not focus on the different distances in the detection. In this paper, the focus is on human detection at different distances and the effect of the difference in distances on the detection quality. Using faster RCNN and RCNN techniques, 400 images of a group of people at different distances were used in the training, and promising results were obtained, as 100% high-quality detection was achieved up to a distance of 60m using the faster RCNN technique, and by 100% up to a distance of 35m using the RCNN technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phishing attacks have become increasingly common in recent years, with cybercriminals using a variety of techniques to trick unsuspecting victims into providing sensitive information such as login credentials or financial data. One of the most common methods of phishing is through the use of URLs, where attackers create fake web pages that mimic legitimate sites and use them to steal information from users to combat this threat, researchers and security experts have turned to machine learning techniques to develop algorithms that can accurately detect phishing URLs. In this paper, review the current state of the art in URL phishing detection using machine learning, including the various approaches and algorithms that have been developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article sheds light on the essential role of green education and its challenges in the architectural classrooms and the graduation of a distinguished architect who meets the needs of the labor market, and possesses the skills of creativity, development and sustainability to preserve the urban system and enhance its culture within society, and for the acquisition of green education and its concepts and principles a large space in the thinking of specialists and researchers, and because it is A newly born concept that did not take up a wide space in the field of education and university education in general and architectural education in particular. The paper suggests ways for potential researchers to discover the benefits, strategies and challenges of green education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) has become a focus of attention and an attraction for researchers in the field of road safety. Plans were made to use these units in order to cut costs and keep performance at a high level. The main goal of this paper was to reduce traffic jams and car accidents by placing roadside units at intersections and road ends on the chosen map. when Roadside units are installed in the proper locations, they optimally inform drivers about real-time traffic congestion, allowing them to avoid roads that may cause them to become stuck in traffic. Additionally, they alert drivers when an accident occurs nearby, allowing them to take the necessary precautions to avoid being involved in an accident themselves. We proposed an improved version of the greedy overlap-based algorithms. The algorithm determines the candidate locations for installing the units, as they are initially installed at intersections and road ends, and works to determine the best locations among the candidates. And it works to solve the problem of highways. The proposed algorithm proved to be more efficient than both approaches separately. Where the number of installed RSUs has decreased by 39.5% without compromising performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reusing waste resources like recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) can benefit both the environment and the economy. Using RCA in concrete mix can help save natural resources and minimize CO2 emissions. However, up to date, most studies have revealed poor performance and strength under external stresses. Currently, researchers have recommended using nanomaterials to improve recycled aggregates concrete (RAC) mixes. Despite reasonable published findings, no study on MWCNTS has been accomplished. The goal of this study is to assess the fresh and hardened properties of RAC treated with various MWCNTS concentrations and RCA replacements. To achieve this, 60 concrete mixes were made with RCA at of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% and MWCNTS at 0.05, 0.15, and 0.25%. Workability and impact performance were discussed in this paper. The repeated drop blows weight impact (RDBWI) method described by ACI 544-2R was utilized to assess impact resistance at 28 days. The results showed that adding MWCNTS reduced the RAC slump by 60.8 to 73.5% but significantly increased the impact resistance by 426 to 679%; 459 to 490% at two stages, namely the initial crack and collapse stages, respectively compared to conventional mixes. Also, 0.1% MWCNTS was found to be optimal for both stages. The findings will aid in the development of effective strategies to promote the use of nanomaterials in RCA applications for both sustainability and performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Harmonic Search is one of the well-known metaheuristic algorithms and has been used in various fields as a tool to obtain optimization solutions. But sometimes, researchers need to modify and improve the original algorithm once it is used in their respective fields to get the best results. Modified Harmonic Search introduced a phase in generating new solution vectors to improve the Harmony Search algorithm in terms of the rate of convergence. Modified Harmony Search is still a derivative-free real parameter optimization algorithm. This paper presents the scalability study of three types of Harmony Search namely original Harmony Search, Global Harmony Search and Modified Harmony Search against ten benchmark optimization problems. Studies on the effect of parameters in the algorithm are also carried out to obtain the most accurate values so that the efficiency of the algorithm in terms of convergence speed and final accuracy is achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Differential equations are used in many sectors of science and engineering to describe real-world issues. Unfortunately, sometimes it is difficult to solve using analytical methods and researchers have developed numerous approaches to solve these differential equations. The purpose of this paper is to emphasise the study of Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (Neural ODE) in solving differential equations linked to ethanol production via fermentation. Two analyses were conducted in order to compare the most effective approaches for solving these mathematical equations. The first comparison is between the conventional numerical method and Neural ODE. The data from experimental data were utilised to determine which approach had the least error in this analysis. Neural ODE performed well when compared to Runge-Kutta, the fourth and eighth orders. Following that, Neural ODE was compared to a recently created technique, Hypersolver, with the goal of enhancing Neural ODE performance. A study on the number of epochs and batches were performed in order to determine which hyperparameters gave the best and fastest results. The analysis of the number of epochs reveals that as the number of epochs rises, the error decreases, but the wall clock increases. For the analysis of batches in Hypersolver, increasing the batch size reduces the wall-clock during training, but no fixed error trend between microbe, ethanol and substrate can be identified, and these errors remain minimal when compared to Neural ODE. From these studies, it can be concluded that Neural ODE is capable of solving the presented model in the same way as the conventional numerical technique does, and the addition of training in Hypersolver does not show significant impact because the difference between Hypersolver and Neural ODE is very small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the algebraic graph theory is still being developed by many researchers. Let ℤ be a commutative ring. A graph I(ℤ) is a graph with a vertex set of units ℤ and x, y∈ℤ, x≠y, are adjacent if and only if x. y=1, and all vertices adjacent to 1. The complement of I(ℤ)= (V(I(ℤ)), E(I(ℤ))), denoted by I (ℤ) ¯ = (V (I (ℤ)) ¯ , E (I (ℤ ¯))) , is a graph with V (I (ℤ)) ¯ = V (I (ℤ)) and E (I (ℤ)) ¯ = { x y ≠ E (I (ℤ)) : x , y ∈ V (I (ℤ)) }. In this paper we determine the Laplacian spectrum of the complement of identity graph I (ℤ 2 p) ¯ , for some prime p, that can be constructed by investigating the eigenvalues of I (ℤ 2 p) ¯. The result shows that all eigenvalues of I (ℤ 2 p) ¯ are integers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last few decades, reversible logic has sparked the interest of a large number of researchers, particularly because of its potential application in quantum computing. To overcome the limitations of a given set of basic gates, it is common practise in the construction of reversible gate structures from basic gates to employ ancilla bits. This practise is done in order to remove restrictions on the types of gates that can be generated by a given set of basic gates. Its low heat generation makes programmable reversible logic a good potential logic design style for applications in modern nanotechnology and quantum computing. Toffoli, Feynman and Fredkin universal reversible logic gates based on QCA technology are presented in this paper, along with their design and performance analysis. These logic gates are both space and power efficient. The proposed designs of QCA reversible Toffoli, Feynman, and Fredkin reversible gates, as well as their implementations in full adder, are demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since their emergence, high dimensional data have imposed a big challenge to researchers given their complexities. To deal with this problem, using feature selection is the best solution, it plays a very important role in high dimensional data analysis. This process will first allow us to extract the relevant features, remove redundancy and noise, decrease the computation time and improve the classification performances. In the literature, there are several methods for feature selection, of which three categories can be distinguished. In this paper, we will focus on the filter methods for feature selection, this category estimates the quality of the variables individually independently of any learning algorithm based on statistical measures. Among the most popular filters, there is the Relief method created by Kira and Rendell as an instance-based learning-inspired idea, it gives weight to each feature and selects the highest-scored features. In this study, we propose a filter method for feature selection called ReliefTP. ReliefTP is a combination of the Relief concepts and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution(TOPSIS). Several experiments were carried out on four biomedical datasets the most famous including a comparison with the original Relief. The classification results achieved by the different classification methods confirm the effectiveness of our proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high-temperature oxidation behavior and mechanical properties of iron-aluminum (Fe-Al) based alloys are influenced by the addition of various elements. This paper is a review that describes Fe-Al-X Alloys (X is an alloying element) with different additions of Fe, Al, and X (weight %). The quantity and quality of X well-produced diffract phases at different temperatures lead to different results in the Fe-Al system. Therefore, information on the results is collected from several trinary systems or more, and the most important results have been reached by researchers from 2011 to the present time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contrast enhancement (CE) is necessary in enhancing the visibility of Contrast-Distorted Image (CDI) by increasing the range of grayscale. CE boosts the image's overall contrast by widening the dynamic range of the brightness. To measure the quality of an image enhancement method, many image quality (IQ) metrics are utilized. Unfortunately, various CE technologies, such as HE-based procedures, are available. However, most classic image enhancement approaches fail to avoid the problem of over-enhancement, and most of them employ the Image Quality Assessment (IQA) measure to characterize the visual quality of the improved image after the enhancement. Therefore, in this paper, several CE methods and IQA metrics have been overviewed and in terms of accuracy and time complexity, they were compared. The presented survey is to keep researchers updated in the CE field. Also, it provides an outlook on future work using several CE methods to access existing poor CEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distributed Computing has been catching the eyes of researchers and enthusiasts lately, because of its ability to handle the increasing workload on systems/machines. Instead of updating a single system again and again to improve workload handling, another system can be added to handle the escalating workload. The agenda behind distributed computing is for a community of computers/systems to work together at the back end while it appears as one for the end-user. Solitary systems operating together in such groups run at the same time and allow the entire system to continue processing even though one or more of them fails. Distributed computing can be used by researchers and students in the form of an application suite to train their AI and ML models and render graphics. Not all systems/computers out there are qualified to perform high processing tasks such as AI / ML model training or graphics rendering. So instead of spending hundreds and thousands on buying a system with the ability to process heavy tasks, this paper aims to provide a suite that allows neighbouring systems to act as nodes and share workloads between available nodes that can distribute tasks among themselves and processes simultaneously without pressing any pockets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Present world, helmets are very useful things for the workers or riders. These days helmets are made using the synthetic plastics which are non recyclable, harmful, and cause pollution to the environment. Nowadays, there is a need to develop a biodegradable helmet without compromising its strength as of conventional helmets. Researchers came upwith the different kinds of natural fs as a reinforcing material for the development of the biodegradable helmets. This research paper throws a light on the literature of basalt, jute, glass and bamboo fibers as reinforcement. It also includes the discussion on the hand lay up method used for the manufacturing of the safety helmets. It gives extensive information about the mechanical properties of natural fibres reinforced safety helmets and has a wide potential to replace the conventional safety helmets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The connected piled raft (CPR) and disconnected pile raft (DCPR) foundation design concepts presented by several researchers are reviewed and detailed in this paper. The main aim of the current study is to explore the feasibility of utilizing a disconnected piled raft by comparing its behavior with that related to the connected piled raft. For this purpose, a review study was performed on the connected and disconnected piled raft. A connected piled raft foundation (CPR) was discovered to reduce differential and total settlement by strategically placing piles beneath the raft. Disconnected pile raft foundation (DCPR) as the foundation has been introduced, and piles are instead of structural members, soil reinforcement was considered. Granular material can be used to fill the gap between the piles and the raft, distributing stresses under the raft and reducing stress concentration at the pile heads. DPR is similar to CPR in terms of favorable conditions. However, DPR has been found to be a more effective foundation system (depending on different conditions). It is also concluded that DCPR is efficient in reducing the differential settlement. The stiffness and the thickness of the interposed cushion layer govern the amount of differential settlement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current wireless communication system, the patch antennas are very interesting and in huge demand because of their lightweight, easy construction and fabrication. So the researchers are focussed to progress the bandwidth, gain, and directivity parameters by using various techniques. However, maintaining the proper bandwidth and gain is a challenging task for the researchers. The motive of this paper is the collection of various bandwidth and gain progress methods. The improvement in gain and bandwidth can be achieved by fluctuating the radiation properties considering some of the design factors like using the practice of inserting slots, various feeding techniques, the air gap technique, defected ground structure (DGS) technique, use of multiple radiating elements, proximity coupling technique, selection of the substrate with low loss tangent and antenna array technique. Any of the technique may be nominated for the required applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-robot systems are naturally designed to provide more flexibility, durability, and robustness under critical tasks compared to a single robot, by enabling collaboration between agents. In today's world, researchers are trying to enhance system efficiency and resilience in different areas of the multi-robot system. Robustness is essential for every robot team, especially when functioning in dynamic environments. In a robust multi-robot system all the robots must have role interchangeability so that if any robot fails due to any issue, another robot can take its place without affecting the task flow. Research on robustness has been done on the coordination, formation, and communication of multi-robot systems. This paper focuses on developing a resilient multi-robot system showing leader-follower behavior to demonstrate the robustness of the system in case of leader failure using UDP communication. The central server communicates with robots and in case of leader failure nearest follower is assigned a new leader. Experiments demonstrate the robustness of our approach against leader failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is a worldwide issue, which needs to pay attention in the future for environmental balance. Many researchers have already explored the possibility of capturing the CO2 generated from various processes and industry sources, however, the storage of the CO2 becomes a major challenge. Therefore, the focus has been shifted to the utilization of captured CO2, instead of storage. On the other hand, refrigeration industries are in a transition state due to the various regulatory protocols, for stopping the use of synthetic refrigerants, which have high global warming potential (even more than a thousand times than CO2). As a natural substance with favourable thermos-physical properties, CO2 has been identified as one of the potential candidates as an alternative to synthetic refrigerants. In this paper, Energy and Economic assessments have been carried out for CO2-based refrigeration systems for supermarket applications. Subsequently, a comparative analysis has been made for two different proposed configurations and the existing (R404A) system. The life cycle cost (LCC) and annual operating costs have also been evaluated for all three systems. The result indicates there are higher LCC, but the annual operating cost has been found lower than the R404A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detection of outlier in circular data and single circular regression have received much attention. Several diagrammatical plots and numerical presentation have been proposed to identify the existence of outliers. Currently, outlier detection analysis in multiple circular regression model is also attracting the interest of statisticians and researchers to do the research in depth. In this paper, the outlier detection methods on multivariate eye data in the multiple circular regression model is considered. The model properties of multiple independent circular variable are presented. Five statistics for outlier detection methods has been investigated and compared using graphical and numerical methods. The multivariate eye data set is considered in this study to investigate the performance of the proposed statistics. It is found that the proposed statistics are good in identifying outliers not limited to the presence of a single or few outlier, but able to identify the presence of multiple outliers at the same time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 9th International Conference on Advanced Material Engineering & Technology (ICAMET 2021) is a virtual conference that serves as a platform for researchers, engineers, and scientists from around the world to present their new advances and research results in the field of advanced materials engineering, science, computer, management, and technology. The conference was co-organized with the Universitas Negeri Makassar, and all papers from ICAMET 2021 will be published in Scopus Indexed Conference Proceedings. The objectives of the conference are to facilitate the exchange of ideas and research findings, provide an overview of the latest advances in the field, and foster collaborations between researchers. [Extracted from the article]

The Sardar Patel International Conference on Industry 4.0 - Nascent Technologies and Sustainability for 'Make in India' Initiative (SPICON 2022) was held at the Sardar Patel College of Engineering in Mumbai on December 22nd and 23rd, 2022. The conference aimed to provide a platform for researchers, engineers, academicians, industrialists, and practitioners to share their innovations and research in various fields related to Industry 4.0. The conference focused on topics such as green technology, lean manufacturing, supply chain, cloud delivery, network security, big data analysis, machine learning, IoT, and blockchain. The event received an overwhelming response with over 330 research papers submitted from both national and international participants. The conference was sponsored by various organizations and had technical collaborations with the American Institute of Physics (AIP) and IEEE Bombay Section for publishing the proceedings. The organizers expressed their gratitude to all stakeholders for making the conference a success and looked forward to the cooperation for SPICON 2023. [Extracted from the article]