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with the hasty growth and extensive use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), it is imperative to enhance the security for WSNs. The concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) is determined by growths of the Internet with the interconnectedness of diversified smart objects using dissimilar networking and communication technologies. Among countless basic networking technologies for the IoT, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology has become an essential building block. IoT empowered sensor networks to afford a wide variety of application areas such as smart homes, smart healthcare, smart cities and various solutions for the manufacturing industry. The incorporation of WSNs in IoT will also generate newfangled security challenges for launching secure channels sandwiched between low power sensor nodes and Internet hosts. The key management is an effective way to protect WSNs from various malicious attacks. This will lead to numerous challenges in designing new key establishment and authentication protocols. This paper discusses about several KMS Taxonomies and surveys and recent KMS which are applicable for WSN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to statistics from the Labour and Employment Ministry of India, for the years 2014-2016, forty-seven workers were injured and three died in accidents every day. A total of 3,562 workers have lost their lives while 51,124 were injured in accidents that occurred in factories across the country during that period. Industrial safety is pivotal for any manufacturing industry to prevent or lessen workplace injury. Fire extinguishers and fire exits are the two most important safety measures in case of a fire in the factory. But in most situations, accessibility to fire extinguishers and fire exits is blocked by cardboards, broken chairs, and other industrial waste that employees put there unknowingly. The main reason for this behavior is that fire extinguishers and fire exits are placed in open areas with large spaces so that accessibility to them would be easier. This has enabled employees to utilize the large open space to dump waste. To avoid these problems, we have developed an IoT-based smart sensor network to monitor fire extinguishers and fire exits for any obstacle that is blocking them. If there are any violations, the safety team will be notified of the location by the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, significant advances in digital sensing technology and wireless communications have led to the production of small-scale smart sensors that have the ability to sense physical changes in different environments and convert them into digital signals that are collected in one central location. These networks are called wireless sensor networks (WSNs) because they have the ability to wirelessly communicate with each other for the purpose of passing data between them and deliver it to the central station. Wireless sensor networks have great importance in human environments, as they are used to monitor and record physical changes in environments that are not accessible to humans, such as environments with very high temperatures, or in cases of chemical environmental pollution, in forests and seas as well as in deep layers of earth to monitor seismic and volcanic activity. In view of the great importance of wireless sensor networks and their obvious impact on human life, and for the purpose of providing researchers with brief and complete information about these networks, we have presented this paper that briefly reviews what sensor networks are, their specifications, applications and the challenges they face. This paper also included most of the radio communication techniques used in sensor architectures. As well as touching on the most important routing algorithms in "WSNs" and their classifications with a comparison of their performance. Finally, this paper provided an overview of research trends that could lead to significant technological development and beneficial growth to overcome the challenges of wireless sensor networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the world population is rising rapidly, there is a fast depletion of resources. So to meet the requirements of increasing population, innovation is required especially in the field of agriculture. In Precision agriculture, smart sensors are used to impart data which helps the farmers in monitoring and optimizing the crop production along with record of changing environmental factors. IoT and sensor networks play a vital role in agriculture. The agricultural industry is being transformed with the use of sensors, software and AI. Combinational sensors and sensor hardware gives the data that helps in increasing the crop production and producing high yield crops which are disease free to keep pace with the increasing demand for food. This article presents a review of precision agriculture, soil less agriculture and sensors used in precision agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]