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The Single Transverse — Spin Asymmetry (SSA) is analysed in the framework of the Strongly Correlated Quark Model proposed by author, where the proton spin emerges from the orbital momenta of quark and qluon condensates circulating around the valence quarks. It is shown that dominating factors of appearance of SSA are the orbiting around the valence quarks sea quark and qluon condensates and spin dependent quark-quark cross sections. © 2007 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I review free and trapped Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. In an isotropic harmonic potential V(r) = 1/2Mω2r2, the single-particle ground state introduces a new intrinsic scale of length [the ground-state size d = h/(Mω)] and energy [the ground-state energy E0 = 3/2hω]. When the trap rotates [6, 7, 8], there is a critical angular velocity for the appearance of one or a few quantized vortices. For more rapid rotation [9, 10, 11, 12, 13] the condensate contains a vortex array. The resulting centrifugal forces expand the condensate radially and shrink it axially; thus the condensate becomes effectively two-dimensional. If the external rotation speed approaches the frequency of the radial harmonic confining potential, the condensate enters the “lowest-Landau-level” regime, and a simple description again becomes possible [14, 15]. Eventually, the system is predicted to make a quantum phase transition to a highly correlated state analogous to the fractional quantum Hall states of electrons in a strong magnetic field [16, 17, 18, 19, 20]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate numerically stable structures of vortex states in rotating two-component Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in a quadratic plus quartic potential. We discover various new vortex structures by changing the intracomponent coupling constants, the intercomponent coupling constant and the rotation frequency. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]