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As the world population is rising rapidly, there is a fast depletion of resources. So to meet the requirements of increasing population, innovation is required especially in the field of agriculture. In Precision agriculture, smart sensors are used to impart data which helps the farmers in monitoring and optimizing the crop production along with record of changing environmental factors. IoT and sensor networks play a vital role in agriculture. The agricultural industry is being transformed with the use of sensors, software and AI. Combinational sensors and sensor hardware gives the data that helps in increasing the crop production and producing high yield crops which are disease free to keep pace with the increasing demand for food. This article presents a review of precision agriculture, soil less agriculture and sensors used in precision agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a rapid increase in the agriculture field due to the fertilizer use, the fertilizer has increased the growth of crop production and negative effect over the fertilization is also reduced. The fertilizer is considered as the crucial point in the world of agriculture. In precision agriculture correct amount of fertilizer is given based on the smart fertilization this includes the information or data set, sensor or smart tools. This could provide smart fertilization and integrated nutrient management. The recent research in prediction method like machine learning based hyperspectral imaging support the N fertilization accuracy. By using image processing method, the damage caused by the various nutrients such as iron, potassium and nitrogen can be predicted by using Red, Green and Blue (RGB) color image. The present imaging technology cannot predict the exact nutrients present in the soil. Hence, a biomarker method has been proposed to overcome the challenges. This could be able to predict the exacts quantity of nutrients present in the soil and the prediction rate of the particular nutrients is with high specificity. This paper presents an overview of the present approach to plant phenotyping by imaging and plant biomarker-technology and to soil estimation by using image technologies for smart fertilization management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of things-Any device that is connected to internet represents internet of things. A thing can be a sensor or device or anything that physically exist in the real world. Now-a-days-IOT plays a very major role in every aspect of life. IOT sensors made efficiency and convenience for human life. Internet of things in the field of irrigation is very beneficial to farmers. In IoT-based smart irrigation, system monitors the crop condition with the help of sensors and automating the irrigation system. IoT-based smart farming is highly efficient than traditional model. IOT in agriculture has given a very big impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]