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In this work, iron sulfide thin films were prepared by simple and low-cost chemical spray-pyrolysis method (CSP) using tilt deposition with a spraying angle of 45° and substrates temperature (200°C, 350°C). The precursors were iron nitrate (Fe (NO3)3.9H2O) and thiourea. The study shows the feasibility of using iron sulfide as a counter electrode in Dye-sensitized solar cells. It was found that the iron sulfide thin films with an amorphous structure gave the highest absorption coefficient (1.8×105cm−1) and highest conversion efficiency (1.8%) in DSSCs. This work also investigates the optimum conditions of substrate temperature, annealing temperatures, and the presence of sulfur powder and argon gas to obtain polycrystalline pyrite thin films with optimum energy gap and high absorption coefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

the last few years, the number of vehicles has grown dramatically, which causes congestion and some other issues. In the development of technology, Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) focus on the vehicle environment to provide useful and service applications for vehicle drivers. On the other hand, relying on Mobile Social Networks (MSNs) that connect mobile devices with similar objectives and interests. Through the combination of VANETs and MSNs, a new concept emerges, opening up new fields of research to provide more applications: Vehicular Social Networks (VSNs). The VSNs support data availability to vehicles, and it makes social behavior the same for both vehicles and people, or for anyone only. The VSNs are used in recommendation systems development to present new applications. One of these is the taxi recommendation system, which is used to suggest hotspots for drivers to find passengers. In this study, we present a review of vehicle recommendation systems with VSNs. We show some other commonly used fields of recommendation systems and focus on recent research that is related to the work of taxi drivers' recommendation systems, with comparisons among them. Finally, we offer a variety of ideas for future works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Face detection is the most popular area of research in the vision of computer science, this paper reviews the function of automatic face recognition and search on video flow from observing cameras in open or business locations. It is critical detection of the people when looking, for example, exhibitions, public spaces inside buildings, and shopping malls. Web cameras were used for face recognition and tracking in the prototype, which was developed on open-source boards Arduino Uno and Processing with Open CV. This framework can be used for security purposes, such as tracing the visitor's face and detecting and tracking it. Using Open CV, a software web camera. From using proposed method, found which time taken to find the face was fewer than 0.5 s that processes of proposed method will usages the real time purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 3D printing slicer software cuts an object in numerous horizontal layers and produces a path a printhead can follow a "G-code" file that's tailored for the machine. This operation is critical, and the influence of parameters such as the type of infill pattern, infill density, shell settings, printing temperature, and the type of material are key factors that affect printing quality. This paper reports an experimental investigation of the dissimilarity on account of the mechanical properties of specimens that have been printed using various printing parameters profile namely Wall Line Count, Layer Thickness. Infill Density and Custom Infill Density via Ultimaker Cura Slicer using PLA (Polylactide Acid) as the filament. Upon analyzing specimens with different slicing profiles, there was a drastic variation on account of the mechanical. The ultimate tensile strength of the material varies from one profile to another. The variation in material usage and printing time was also recorded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Robotic surgery has become one of the necessary techniques in many surgeries, including gynecological surgeries, urology, prostate, cardiac operations, catheters, arteries, and brain surgeries. The research problem is small wounds that, in the past, required a high level of expertise and an absolute focus to perform them. The robot helps the surgeon in surgeries that require working through tiny incisions; the robot can fix the telescope without movement or fatigue. The doctor was able to control its movements very accurately. Robots today assist the surgeon in many surgical interventions; minimally, the robot supports the surgeon with excellent vision, image, and precision to perform accurate surgeries with minimal surgical intervention. In this research, a general systematic literature review was performed on surgery robots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This minireview is designed to highlight the effects of COVID-19 infection on smokers and the possibility of exposure to the risk of death. Literature and research have been reviewed from the date of the emergence at the end of 2019 until mid-November 2020 and the results examined. Authors used the keywords and research phrases SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, smoker and cigarettes. The minireview revealed the existence of three studies which found that COVID-19 infection leads to more severe cases in current and former smokers, however some studies disagreed. One study showed that smoking was linked negatively with the harmful effects of COVID-19. This evidence may encourage smokers to quit smoking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ti-Ni and Ti-Ni-Ce shape memory alloys (SMAs) were successfully fabricated by microwave sintering. The improvement of the mechanical properties especially the elastic modulus is the most important criterion in this research. The high elastic modulus problems are the most critical issues frequently encountered in hard tissue replacement applications. The effect of Ce addition with four atomic percentages (0%, 0.19%, 0.385% and, 1.165%) on the microstructure, phase composition, transformation temperatures and mechanical properties was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), and compression test. The microstructure shows plates-like with needles-like inside the titanium-rich region. The compression strain was improved, but reduces the compression strength. The addition of cerium improved the properties by reducing the elastic modulus to be very close to the natural human bone, also the microwave sintering gives TiNi SMAs with low elastic modulus comparing with other methods. Based on the results, the 0.385 at. % Ce exhibited a remarkable highest compressive strain and lower elastic modulus compared with the other percentages. In conclusion, the present results indicate that Ti-Ni-Ce SMAs could be a potential alternative to improve Ti-51 at %Ni SMAs for certain biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 3D printing technologies will be an eco-friendly variant and will be much easier, giving wider build customizability when compared to the traditional methods, this paper focused on the buildability aspect that affected by the nozzles. The main objectives are to find the best nozzle size and geometry to print clay and a good buildability. Six types of nozzles will be used, three of them are in circular shape while the others are in rectangular shape and having different diameter. The study will be using a clay admixture that are kept constant for all the testing and experiment, which are 600 gram of clay and 60 millilitre of water. From the observed data, rectangular shape nozzle gave the outcome and results. 3 mm nozzle with rectangular shape can 3D print clay up to 8 layers without collapse or bend on the contour. Rectangular nozzle with 3 mm diameter gives the best result as it can 3Dprint up to 8 layers without any deformation and difficulties. However, buildability can be affected on others aspects, such as printing speed, parameter setting, extrusion speed and the mixing design. For future work, aspect like mention earlier can be explore to achieve a good buildability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has been widely used in a variety of industries, including automotive, manufacturing, and construction. The main advantages of additive manufacturing or 3D printing are design freedom, mass customization, waste minimization, and the ability to manufacture complex structures, as well as fast prototyping. The exploration of fundamental scientific understanding of the relationships between design, material, process, and product. In this sense, a review of 3D printing technology, process, latest construction machines, construction process, and emerging materials for 3D construction was completed. This review paper was prepared using a variety of research articles as well as numerous recent reports from blogs. Some research gaps are identified based on the review paper. Finally, the use of 3D printing in the construction industry is dependent on the print job's accuracy. Not only that, but the availability of printing materials, the cost of the printing process, and the time required for printing all play a role in the construction industry's technological revolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical components made of titanium, steels, ceramic, and aluminium produced by metal injection moulding require different machining processes and creating a custom mould for each patient will limit the mould's flexibility. This research aimed at developing a Polylactic acid (PLA)/Stainless Steel (SS316L) composite filament for 3D printing and investigating the influence of the compounding ratio on the mechanical properties of PLA/SS 316L polymer composite printed by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) machine. The effects of SS316L content and melting temperature on tensile strength and impact strength of printed samples were analysed at 2%, 7%, and 12% weight percentage (wt.%) and 200°C, 210°C, and 220°C respectively. The SS 316L powder was added to PLA by weight percentage (wt.%), and 0.4 mm diameter nozzle was utilized during printing. At a 12% addition of SS316L, the tensile strength (TS) and Charpy impact strength (IS) were maximised to 52.832 MPa and 0.1275 kJ/m2 respectively. A decreasing trend was observed for both properties with 2% and 7% of SS 316L addition. Moreover, when the temperature was set to 220°C, the TS increased for all composites regardless of the weight percentage. The optimized parameter setting by RSM was 12 wt.% and 220°C revealed the TS and IS at 54.04 MPa and 0.172 kJ/m2. The errors between the predicted and experimental values for TS and IS were 1.4% and 4.65%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]