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The data on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags is not encrypted, which makes it feasible for others to access it, despite the fact that RFID is a widely used technology. One cryptographic approach utilized for securing data on RFID tags is key encryption. It is now possible to write and read encrypted data on RFID tags with more security and accuracy than before, according to experiments. With the help of primitive feedback polynomials, six linear feedback shift registers (LFSR) of varying lengths are combined in this work for creating a lightweight stream cipher. The resulting random sequence is fed into the S-Box, a component of the Data Encryption Standard (DES), which hides the relation between the plaintext, cipher text, and key. Also used tRNA a bioinformatics system (tRNA) to generate new S-Box by using standard amino acid to obtained confusion for our cryptosystem. The generated sequence represents the key stream that can be used to encrypt the data stored on RFID tags. The proposed approach was analyzed by using statistical tests and show a good result, it passes 11 of 14 proximity test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Substitution boxes are discovered to be significant components of data security in both contemporary and historical ciphers of public-key cryptography. Every online application must be secure. There are two types of S-boxes in the block cipher algorithms: Static S-box: In this type, the same S-box is used in every round of the block cipher. It remains constant throughout the encryption process. Dynamic S-box: Unlike the static S-box, the dynamic S-box employs different S-boxes in each round. The choice of S-box varies based on how it is generated. The dynamic S-box approach enhances security by introducing variability during encryption. The paper you mentioned focuses on dynamic block cipher encryption techniques. It surveys various methods for creating dynamic S-boxes and frames them together as a comprehensive literature review. These techniques play a crucial role in ensuring robust security for data encryption. In modern cryptography, S-box generation and cryptanalysis are crucial. The phases of producing S-Boxes are covered in this article, including bioinformatics technologies, AI techniques, and chaotic systems. The model of a typical S-Box generation system is shown, along with the system's output. The current work will compare the effectiveness of several approaches to S-box generation for security considerations. The results showed that Bioinformatics gives better results when used in generating the S-Box, and thus Bioinformatics showed higher efficiency in the process of generating and analyzing the S-Box than those other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

D2D communication technology Key technologies in weapon making system., but there is the problem. The previous methods could not solve the problem of co-channel technology, and the optimization was not ideal. Therefore, a resource allocation algorithm is proposed to optimize the D2D communication technology. Technology mainly carries out data communication and transmission, which can effectively improve the confidentiality of data transmission, ensure the integrity of data and reduce the comprehensiveness of data. In addition, data can reduce other interference in the transmission process, and form an effective data monitoring system together with 5G communication network, so as to better carry out data transmission and encryption, ensure the stability of data and improve the quality of communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the best and most well-known ways to store data these days is via cloud computing. A practical and autonomous platform for reducing data redundancy and ensuring data security is the primary objective of this study. This investigation is involving two factions. There is one team that adheres to the data encryption standard method and another that adopts the advanced encryption standard methodology. An examination of the performance of each group with respect to a range of parameters, including sample size and alpha value (from 0.8 to 0.05). This article is to improve the encryption and provide encryption to the data with custom extension, and improve the accuracy of the algorithm. The proposed model has improved accuracy and faster time taken than the current model and the mean detection accuracy is 1 SD. The new model's results are contrasted with those of the existing model, and it is demonstrated that it is more efficient (1.2 times faster) than the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the present time, cloud computing has turned out to be one of the most significant and easily available storage choices. This article epitomizes so long as a platform where the information is non-redundant as well as the continued information safety. In this learning, there are 2-groups; the El Gamal Encryption method is established in Group-1 as well as the standard for sophisticated encryption is established in group 2. For various sample sizes, the accuracy of each approach is correlated with a pretest power value of 0.8 and an alpha of 0.05. This article is to improve the encryption and deliver encryption to the data with custom extension, and improve the accuracy of the algorithm. The proposed model has better accuracy and faster time taken more than the current model as well as the average recognition precision is ±1 SD. The outcomes of the proposed model are compared with the existing model, and are demonstrated to be more effective (1.2 times faster) than the current technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advancement of technology, particularly in smartphones, has prompted the need for the development of an authentication process. Among the various options available is the utilization of iris recognition in the authentication process, which can enhance security since the structure of the iris is unique and distinct from one individual to another. For authentication to be secure, data encryption and decryption processes are necessary. This research uses a combination of two algorithms, namely the Hill Cipher algorithm and Arnold Cat Map (ACM) algorithm. The purpose of this study was to obtain the results of accuracy and time efficiency used in the encryption and decryption process. In this study, the encryption process was carried out using the Hill Cipher algorithm and then followed by encryption using the Arnold Cat Map (ACM) algorithm. In the decryption process, it was obtained using the Arnold Cat Map (ACM) algorithm, then continued with the decryption using the Hill Cipher algorithm. The results of digital image encryption obtained from the application of the Hill Cipher and Arnold Cat Map algorithms have succeeded in producing a digital image that is more random and almost unrecognizable when compared to applications that only use the Hill Cipher algorithm or the Arnold Cat Map algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the growth of cloud computing (CC), privacy and security are crucial. This study provides a new paradigm to address the key issues of rising processing overheads, communication bottlenecks, and noise budgets. The primary objective of this research is to enable the end-to-end security and privacy of the cloud-IoT user data and servers in the multi-cloud environment. This method boosts operational efficiency and data privacy and this study covers the three crucial stages. First, using a three-factor authentication process, we examine novel users of cloud-IoT, users are registered with Trusted Authenticated Servers (TAS), validated using their user ID and password, verified with hidden lines and picture tags, and had their biometrics checked. Encryption/decryption keys created by Improved Key Generation Process (IKGP) are delivered to verified users. Second, in the Secure MLFL Entities Selection process, the optimal DEdS are selected by the TAS using the Trading based Evolutionary Game Theory (TEGT) algorithm. For client selection, we used a machine learning algorithm named Improved Artificial Neural Networks (IANN). Third, MLFL for Secure Privacy-Aware Homomorphic Data Sharing and Storage. For Local Model Generation, it implements Homomorphic Encryption Responsive Lightweight Residual Network with Energy Valley Optimizer (HER-LresNet-EVO). Lightweight Factorized Pyramidal Networks (LFPN) are used in Global Model Aggregation. Super Model Aggregation & Secure Distribution distributes aggregated models to cloud-IoT users through MDCS, which are safely stored in the cloud database. The study's success is measured by metrics, such as decreased malicious traffic based on increasing users, improved model accuracy across epochs and rounds, faster encryption relative to data size, optimized homomorphic encryption operations within noise budgets, and decreased privacy threats compared to attack rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current era characterized by a rising number of cyber threats and instances of data breaches, the importance of ensuring secure communication and information exchange has reached a critical level. The utilization of encryption techniques holds significant importance in the protection of confidential information, and the ongoing progress in encryption methodologies is imperative to maintain an advantage over ever-changing security risks. This manuscript presents a novel methodology for augmenting the security of data encryption and decryption by integrating a Random Shift technique with the OTP encryption method. The proposed method provides an additional level of safeguarding, guaranteeing the preservation of confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of transmitted data. The efficacy of the proposed framework is exemplified through extensive experimentation and analysis, elucidating its superiority over conventional encryption techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In current era technology has become indispensable part of our lives wherein information exchange has become an aspect paramount importance. The boom in modern communication technology relies on information exchange on shared and open network space. This has created a need for securing the transmitted information in the form of digital data like video, image and sounds from possible leakage risks. The area of information security thus became a popular topic of research among researchers. In this paradigm information security through chaos-based cryptography has been reported widely in recent research work. Owing to the property of ergodicity, pseudo-randomness, non-periodicity, and extreme sensitive to initial condition chaotic maps have been found to be a popular option for data encryption. In this paper a comparative analysis of some recently reported one-dimensional chaotic maps have been done. For this range of bifurcation parameter, maximum value of Lyapunov exponent, and sensitivity to initial condition have been considered as measure for comparison. The bifurcation diagram and Lyapunov exponents of chaotic maps have been simulated on MATLAB R2018b platform. The analysis shows that with time the one-dimensional chaotic maps have been significantly improved in terms of chaotic behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve early diagnosis, prompt intervention, and remote patient care, Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are crucial for the healthcare industry. WBANs provide real-time monitoring of patients' vital signs. Physiological parameters are monitored by small, wearable devices or sensors that make up a wireless body area network (WBAN). WBANs are used in the military, sports, entertainment, healthcare, and entertainment industries. They allow for ongoing observation, remote data access, and better patient care. Interference, power use, data encryption, and user identification are obstacles nonetheless. The development of algorithms, protocols, and hardware solutions to improve WBAN performance and security is the subject of ongoing research. WBANs have a bright future since they could revolutionize environmental interaction and health monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new data encryption model has been designed. It is envisioned that the proposed data encryption model would be able to transfer IoT devices data securely over the open communication network. It also enhanced the data integrity of the model. The size of the generated cipher is unaffected if XORed with parity bits which makes it lightweight in nature. To make the cipher highly sensitive, a secret key was generated using the chaotic dynamical systems. Key was updated in each run to make the generated cipher input plaintext dependent. Key size is kept 128-bit to make the model resistive against brute force attack. Finally, a diffusion model is used to make certain the impact even of single bit change, maintain and fetch all around the process. Average NPCR score is found to be more than 99.60, which makes the model potential and complex to be used in IoT devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Security is the most important part of wireless communication Security algorithms has been utilized to protect our data. In this research, KASUMI algorithm is presented with Hamming code. It has two components: encryption and decryption. The main goal of enhancing KASUMI algorithm is to increase the efficiency of the algorithm, in terms of execution speed, which is the main factor, in addition to the strength of implementation in terms of complexity and scattering of the resulting key by decreasing the key it relied on. The purpose of this research is to simulate the enhancement of the Kasumi algorithm employed by GSM networks for its security. The simulation is done using MATLAB, specifically the Simulink environment. KASUMI focus of this work concentrates on the enhancement of a block cipher –type. Kasumi algorithm is used in mobile communication systems to generate a key to encrypt data, which in its enhancement relied on the use of some hamming codes in a parallel arrangement, which gave randomness and speed in the implementation of the resulting key. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the work is to analyze the runtime of Innovative Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm by comparing it with Data Encryption Standard (DES). Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithms are implemented to determine the runtime dataset with a sample set of 58, the significance of the data is calculated using SPSS. From the data collected from SPSS, there is an insignificance in the independent sample data between the comparison of AES encryption (p=0.657) with DES encryption (p=0.323) and AES decryption (P=0.931) with DES decryption (P=0.196). From this analysis, it is observed that the Innovative Advanced Encryption processes 128 bits and it provides better runtime and efficiency when compared to DES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things is a system of interconnection of devices ("things") for data collection, as well as smart decision-making. The flow of information from these built-in sensors, software and other technologies circulates over the Internet. Most IoT platforms have two main features: publishing and subscribing. This IoT data transmission model requires a connection between devices and servers. The model requires a central broker, a program module and a working server to collect and arrange messages according to the topics. This is where the IoT vulnerability is, as there are no internal security measures to protect both data and access to terminal equipment. The security provided by blockchain technology can solve the main security flaws of IoT. Blockchain capabilities such as immutability, transparency, data encryption, operational resilience to almost all widely used hacking attacks could solve these IoT architectural vulnerabilities. The article will look at an overview functional analysis of existing IoT messaging models, parallel to the main types of hacking attacks. The structural analysis of the blockchain consensus used will highlight the technology's ability to address IoT's architectural shortcomings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In cyber protection research, moving objective protection, will build the intricacy and expenses for attacks by utilizing productively limiting the weakness openness and the attack prospects by means of different continually evolving appraisal, improvement components and technique. Data encryption Scheme (DES) is the regular method of the conventional symmetric key encryption plans. Presently these plans are supplanted with the Advanced Encryption Scheme (AES). Using the triple DES and AES can't gather the unique security necessities of dynamic protection. In this document, we recommend a Three layer encryption scheme dependent on DES and network coding, with a partial key update technique. The novel plan is affirmed to accumulate a powerful progress among proficiency and safety, which will expand its flexibility to different cyber conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of fog computing refers to the concept of extending the capabilities of cloud computing to the edge of the networks, while reducing the service latency and improving the overall efficiency of the network. Due to the unique characteristics of fog computing, such as its ability to handle large-scale geo-distribution and mobility, security and privacy concerns have been raised repeatedly. From a security standpoint, the transition to the cloud has presented various uncharted risks and challenges, undermining the efficiency of established protective systems. As a result, this paper aims to propose a security solution which consist of Multi-Level-Authentication for the user as well as device verification and data encryption. This will provide users with a safe and secure access to the cloud network and various data centers. Using this method, we are adding a token-based authentication system between the layers of fog and cloud which will keep data secure while being transferred from one layer to another layer by associating a decryption key along with the data which will be sent in a form of token. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discusses the design and manufacture of applications for electronic service scripts in accordance with MENPAN-RB Regulations Number 6 of 2011 regarding electronic service scripts. The application is built based on the existing requirements in the MENPAN-RB Regulation by securing data in the database using the SHA-3 algorithm, RSA digital signature, and comparing the AES and Blowfish encryption algorithms to find which algorithm is better for applications with a bandwidth of 10mbps. The Blowfish algorithm is superior in speed of encryption, decryption, and better throughput value than AES, so that in this application the Blowfish algorithm is used as the data encryption algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, data (text, voice, image, animation, and video) has been increasingly used to transmit advanced digital content. Academics are concerned about the security of multimedia content as network technology increasingly focuses on the Internet. The transmission of data through a network exposes it to a variety of forms of abuse, including brute force assaults, illegal access, and network hacking. As a result, the system must be protected by an effective media-aware security framework, such as encryption algorithms based on standard (symmetric-encryption-algorithms), which will be in charge of ensuring data security. The Twofish algorithm is a well-known cryptographic algorithm for encrypting electronic data. It is (symmetric-block-cipher) that was developed by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). However, some of the drawbacks of this technique include the processing overhead, the use of an S-Box, and pattern difficulties that arise when dealing with more sophisticated multimedia data types such as text, image, and video. Numerous scholars have conducted research to optimize the algorithm's performance. This article talks about the changes and improvements made to the performance of the modified Twofish algorithms that were proposed in previous research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain technology is expanding swiftly and finding its uses in virtually every facet of life, not just in cryptocurrency. It is a decentralized, incorruptible, fault-tolerant, anonymous and open ledger that secures, verifies, and immutably records transactions between two parties. It is a series of blocks that are connected using hash functions. This article delves into details of the blockchain's strong security architecture featuring data encryption, immutability, mining, and data verification. Advanced cryptographic methods, logical models, and other techniques are only a few of the various ways which ensure security in blockchain. Due to these security features, blockchain is finding its application in almost all existing businesses. Integration of blockchain technology into corporate solutions also eliminates the need for middlemen in several crucial services and minimizes expenditures. It may lead to a more effective and affluent society where individuals can communicate with one another directly. Additionally, businesses may use blockchain technology to provide customers with a service that is more fair, reliable, and effective. At the conclusion of the study, the researcher offered several novel blockchain applications that may perform most efficiently when utilizing blockchain's security architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the work is to analyze the runtime of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm by comparing it with Triple Data Encryption Standard (TDES). Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Triple Data Encryption Standard (TDES) algorithms are implemented to determine the runtime dataset with a sample set of 58, the significance of the data is calculated using SPSS. From the data collected from SPSS, there is an insignificance in the independent sample data between the comparison of AES encryption (p=0.657) with TDES encryption (p=0.908) and AES decryption (P=0.931) with TDES decryption (P=0.656). From this analysis, it is observed that AES encryption processes 128 bits and it provides better runtime and efficiency when compared to TDES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of the research work is to analyze the lack of data security in cloud service using Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and compare it with Multi-tenancy based access control (MTBAC). Materials and Methods: Number of samples in the current research are two in which Group 1 is SSL and Group 2 is MTBAC algorithm. Samples were taken from the device and iterated 10 times to get desired accuracy with G power 80%, threshold 0.05% and CI 95%. Result: SSL provides a higher accuracy of 90.40% compared to MTBAC algorithm with 78.90%. There is an insignificant difference between two groups with P value of 0.15 (p>0.05). SSL algorithm provides more security in data sharing better than MTBAC algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of the project is to improve accuracy for encryption and decryption of image retrieval methods using AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) Algorithm in comparison with DES (Data Encryption Standard) Algorithm. Cloud computing offers various benefits like self-service, network access, resource collection, the elasticity of the resources, pricing based on usage, and less risk level. Encryption and decryption using AES algorithm with sample size =20 and DES algorithm with sample size =20. Based on the survey, the cloud system is mainly developed for storing and sharing images. Mean accuracy using the AES algorithm for encryption is 0.160 and for decryption is 0.210. Mean accuracy using the DES algorithm for encryption is 0.350 and for decryption is 0.200. There was a statistical significance difference between encryption and decryption P = 0.001 (P < 0.05) 2-tailed. In this Study, implementation of Novel image retrieval system for AES and DES algorithms, and the outcome of the DES algorithm shows better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As there are a lot of data thieves in the international media, numerous methods are there for keeping data secure. Visual communication, audio, public security, bandwidth, transmitter speed, and data-detecting equipment are the fundamental ideas of data transmission. The transmitted data can be protected in various ways; the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is used to protect sensitive knowledge in several sectors. The paper's first section examines the need for and importance of communication system security for data encryption and decryption. The three Bit Encryption and Decryption Techniques (BEDT) schemes are proposed and evaluated with more examples to overcome the higher power consumption and complex operations in Add around the critical block of AES. The proposed BEDT systems are more efficient than current solutions. But AES is having significant issues with the number of steps in the calculation of Mix column iteration in the domain, so it has slowed down the operation, expanded the area of slices, and added delay. As a result, we propose the Stellar Matrix (SM) approach for the cryptographic algorithm as a novel strategy for the Mix column block set for Faster Processing System to perform both the encryption and decryption process. This SM-based cryptography is a good solution for optimizing an area in terms of the number of slices, the speed in terms of the processing time, the delay in nanoseconds, and the calculation in terms of the number of steps. After the research, the BEDT schemes and SM were combined into a single physical model to build a high-security, high-speed prototype hardware model. The developed model will be low-cost and high-speed, and its performance will be compatible with low resource use, such as memory, flip-flops, slices, and arithmetic operations, among other things. The final SM design is trained using ANN to minimize the error between the decoder and encoder input data in an iterative process. After training around 1000 iterations, an error has been reduced to 0.012. Finally, a novel cryptographic system with a high level of security, high data transfer speed, and encryption and decryption operations has been designed. The proposed method will reduce the hardware resources in real-time IC chips in software and hardware. The built model was tested with data from image, video, and audio signals, and the encryption and decryption operations were found to operate successfully. The prototype will be low-cost and high-speed, and its performance will be compatible with limited resources, such as memory, flip-flops, slices, and arithmetic operations, among other things. The proposed cryptosystem is also dependable and versatile, allowing for test repeatability and reconfigurability. Consequently, the suggested model may be swiftly implemented in a real-time communication system to increase data security using software and hardware prototypes. A Vertex-5 Pro FPGA is used in the proposed research study to build a fully pipelined, low-power, low-delay system. The proposed model has a 23 percent power reduction, a 32 percent LUT optimization, a 13% latency reduction, and a 26 percent throughput improvement compared to earlier studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the proposal of the NTRU cryptosystem, many researchers were proposed NTRU-like by using different-algebraic structures such as the OTRU cryptosystem. In this paper, we made a comparison between NTRU and OTRU on the one hand and TOTRU, BOTRU, QOTRU, and QuiTRU on the other hand. This comparison is about the level of key security, message security, as well as speed, through which it is possible to choose the appropriate method for data encryption according to the method of transmission and priority in terms of security or speed or both together. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a high demand for a secure airline ticketing system as the aviation industry expands worldwide. Airlines' customers typically use a third-party ticketing service to facilitate the availing of tickets, which costs an additional five to ten percent of the ticket price. Moreover, the fraud in ticket booking also threatens their identity and financial loss. The present methods used for managing the ticketing system in the aviation industry are primarily centralized and fall short of assuring trustworthy data provenance, immutability, and openness. Blockchain has enormous potential to convert the ticketing system to a higher degree of security. Blockchain features a decentralized system, distributed notes, storage mechanisms, a consensus algorithm, Smart contracts, and encryption techniques to provide data security, integrity, and scalability. This study proposes a blockchain-based airline ticketing model with a distinctive smart contract between customers and flight owners using Ethereum as a platform. Ethereum aims to enable developers with simple and standard methods for developing blockchain-based decentralized applications utilizing smart contracts. Using asymmetric encryption technology, this system protects the integrity of ticketing information and ensures privacy. The system also includes digital signature technologies to improve ticket integrity and a ground-breaking ticket verification mechanism to prevent ticket scalping. The proposed blockchain-based ticketing system minimizes the need for third parties or intermediaries to validate transactions, drastically lowering overhead and transaction costs. Furthermore, this research proves Blockchain as a promising tool for the air ticketing system considering the secure environment provided for the customer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information is currently a more important resource than ever for any firm we can imagine. Sensor frameworks, IoT, distributed computing, and infornhjn mation investigations are only a couple of the new advancements and improvements that have made it conceivable to gather information all the more generally, proficiently, and successfully. Information security and protection, then again, are fundamental for information to be utilized to its most extreme potential. Notwithstanding the way that information security and protection have been concentrated on widely in the course of the most recent decade, we presently face new and troublesome information security and protection concerns. Nonetheless, there is a higher risk of illicit access, information spillage, touchy data disclosure, and security break therefore. Despite the fact that there have been a few explorations on information security and security assurance, deliberate reviews regarding the matter in distributed storage frameworks are as yet inadequate. This paper inspects the difficulties, advantages, and downsides of existing information security and protection arrangements openly distributed computing. In particular, First, we'll go through the nuts and bolts of IoT, distributed computing, and information investigation. Second, we go into the issues and prerequisites of information security and security assurance in distributed storage frameworks in extraordinary profundity. Third, a rundown of information encryption innovation and insurance approaches is given. At long last, we go north of a couple of open information security research regions for distributed storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Secure Online examination system is a system with an innovative solution for the conduct of the online proctored examination. Data encryption facilitates the security of data. The objective of this work is to monitor the students effectively and to store the data securely. The accuracy of results is produced using this proposed work. Online examination is broadly used in teaching. Currently, the online examination is used in Browser/Server model and Client/Server model. These models can be installed or configured through a browser easily. The client resources are not utilized properly and the server is overloaded with network traffic, data transmission between client and server. Moreover, the security of the data is needed. In this proposed work of the secured browser/server model, the secured data transmission is guaranteed using the AES algorithm, and the model is implemented using PHP. The system has been implemented and analyzed with an existing system and assured better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a digital environment, secure data transfer is not possible via an unsecured medium due to intruders or hackers who manipulate data in an unauthorized manner. Data can be transmitted safely by using data hiding methods to prevent data leakage. Both data hiding and data encryption are used in this work to give dual safety. A speech signal file (.wav) has been invisible after being encrypted in a video file (.avi) through three stages. The first stage involved scrambling bits using a Brownian motion algorithm, scrambling blocks using a circle map algorithm, and finally shuffling the speech signal as a whole. The second stage involved encrypting the scrambled speech signal file with the ABC optimization algorithm. In the third stage, we used the k-means and least significant bit (LSB) algorithms for hiding. The paper results were very successful in encrypting a speech signal file that was difficult to recognize. That has been made possible by employing a multi-level scrambling approach. The measurements SNR, SNRseg, CC, LLR, PSNR, MSE, SSIM, and PRD are used to evaluate the ability of the encryption and hidden strategies. The steganography result has well relative to the difficulties of hiding the major speech signal file after encrypting and retrieving it without altering its contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is mainly used for review rating prediction and email query processing. The rating for a specific product is generated from the review given by the customers. Here we use part of speech taggers and comparative analysis of the retrieved study to extract the emotions of the reviewers. We are using sentimental analysis to brings out trustworthiness. Instead of giving a rating option to customers, the rating is generated by the system. And the benefits of email query processing, it reduces the time consumption in web browsing. The query from the email holder (subject tag) is received from an inbox that the user has processed. A website can comfortably be scraped for the specific information of interest, summarizing them based on the question. It can later be presented to the required mail holders as an excel attachment for a call on what to do next. One of the models is the email query processing system. The e-commerce website data execution is extracted and converted into excel (CSV extension). The obtained excel sheet is now stored on the desktop. The data is scrapped by the UI path tool. The body of the mail is read using "let IMAP mail activity". By operating system, net, mail, mail message, body for the loop is obtained. The 993 pot is used in IMAP and serves imap.gmail.com with secure SSL for data authentication and encryption. In the rating prediction system, the passage is figured out based on the sentimental analysis. The words are assigned to their corresponding semantic role. This is called part of speech. Then the taggers for the related terms are identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The security protocol for encryption and authentication in the IoT is Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS). Encryption of data plays an essential role in this protocol. The current communication technologies have some problems related to providing secure communication between edges in the network of Internet of Things (IoT), the modern security mechanisms require the power of its to resist various potential attacks. Therefore, due to the recent growth of development in quantum computing, we enhance the DTLS standard protocol by change the classical algorithm for key exchange to using quantum protocol BB84 for generate a new key exchange and proposed (Quantum-DTLS) protocol for secure data transfer in the IoT with CoAP protocol. The results of the conducted simulation and numerical analyses represent the key length and percentage about (70-80)% from the generated bits to increase the security of data in IoT based on the properties of the quantum, maintain the power consumption in the IoT node, keeping the throughput of a packet by 10% more of DTLS in the network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a continuous increase in the use of the private cloud due to its many and important features. There are increase security challenges that target these systems. One of the most important requirements of users in cloud storage is to protect their cloud from attacks, and keep data secret. Modern technologies of machine learning provide the ability to analyze and classify the data. This paper proposes a model that serves as a server (a third party) between private cloud and users and it is based on two phases. The first of which is to protect the cloud from different types of attacks and detect normal and abnormal flow. Whilst the second one is to categorize the users' data to be stored in the cloud and then encrypt it based on the degree of its importance using different types of encryption algorithms. The results show the accuracy respectively as Naive Bays 74%, SGD 82%, LR 85%, KNN 89%, and Random Forest 100%, Decision Tree 100%. For the second phase of classifying the data, the algorithms used are the decision tree, KNN, Random Forest, Naive Bays, LR, and SGD. The results have respectively 82%, 93%, 96%, and 97%, 98% and 98% respectively. Finally, the Random Forest and SGD algorithms for the first and second phases were used. The encryption algorithms that have been adopted are RC4, 3DES, and AES for encryption of classified data according to the importance of the second phase to be stored in the cloud in a secure form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes a trusted and secure e-service that can be treated as a durable medium. The presented approach utilizes a blockchain database (managed by the trusted third party) combined with the cryptographic methods (signing with an electronic seal and data encryption). The service is mainly oriented towards the large financial institutions (e.g., banks) that require agreements on a document with a large number of customers, but it can also be applied for other enterprises or industrial areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AES as a block cipher considers as one of the most important security applications that provides confidentiality through encryption. However, AES cryptosystem is under analyzing by cryptanalysts using the computing technologies that have rapidly progressed. Therefore, the possibility of breaking AES algorithm might be accelerated in anytime. Consequently, this paper improves the AES security against a possible future attack. It proposes a model that has the ability to encrypt data with block size 256-bit and a key size of 256-bits. In addition, it also uses S-box of the serpent algorithm to be replaced the original S-box of the AES cryptosystem. The implementation of the proposed idea shows that the time requirements is acceptable even if the shifting algorithm is applied in two directions on row and column. Moreover, the randomness of the modified algorithm remains high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise of scientific achievements and the development of medicinal discoveries make computer techniques and internet communication very important for telemedicine and healthcare. A large amount of information is being generated from hospitals and medicinal centers. Huge information needs big memory and an efficient transmission method. There must exist an efficient technique for the realization of transforming the data and an effective memory storage mechanism for large data. In order to the safe transfer of medicinal data represented by images and medicinal signals, and in order to protect medicinal image data during transmission, to ensure that the decryption is not possible, A secure method was used to compress these images using JPEG image compression, and then encrypt these images using RC4 encryption method to preserve the medicinal data from changes that may occur to it or tampering with its contents from an external source. The new image compression method, as well as the encryption of its medicinal data, has proven based on the parameters; "Compression Ratio CR", "Compression Time CT", "Mean Square Error MSE", and "Peak Signal to Noise Ratio PSNR" its efficiency in the transfer process by reducing its size to the lowest possible size without affecting its important medicinal data for Telemedicine purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several picture encryption techniques have been developed in recent years. This work proposes a supported and advanced encryption technology and encryption, 2D encryption picture encryption method on paper. The sha-256 method removes picture components first, then generates a replacement key that matches the user's key before inserting the original image. For every grey image size, we enable rows and columns in the same order by the same members created by the Logistic map. We determine the beginning values and parameters of complicated maps using the sha-256 hash of a clear image, making an important change in all encryptions without modifying the standard keys. Finally, the method is used to recover the encrypted picture. The system can accomplish good encryption results and security standards, according to test findings and security analyses. Data transmission over the Internet and personal networks has risen day by day as multimedia technology has advanced. As a result, today's main focus is safeguarding data from unauthorised access and encrypting multimedia elements as they are stored on web servers and sent over networks. As a result, data encryption for multimedia is necessary. The multimedia encryption approach, on the other hand, is difficult to apply since it requires more time and memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of security and privacy has gained interest in the area of data and information. The inevitable occurrence of threats, both inside and outside, hovers the security and confidence of the stored data. Therefore, it is necessary to secure data by using a certain method in data encryption thereby maintaining and saving the stored data. One of the encrypting methods is conducted through the RC4 Algorithm, a fast encryption method, which is due to its popularity, the RC4 Algorithm becomes a vulnerable object for the attack. Such data vulnerability is generated from the permutation of the initial state, presenting similarities between the stream and secret key. This study is hence expected to improve the security of the RC4 Algorithm by modifying the Two States Table and the Initial State Factorial. This modification thus could improve the randomness of the Key Scheduling Algorithm (KSA), enabling the slower performance than the C4 Algorithm, but on the aspect of security, the modified RC4 Algorithm is considered safer and more resistant to repeal the Brute Force and Bit Flipping attacks than that in the RC4 Algorithm. The testing is conducted by attacking the data using the Brute Force and the Flipping, proving that the modification of the RC4 Algorithm has longer durability than the RC4 Algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As there is a continuous growth of big data, the researchers are showing interest in the applications of cloud computing concerning privacy, and security. On the other hand, many researchers and the experts of cybersecurity have commenced on a quest for improving the data encryption methods. Clients or data owners are more interested to outsource their data on commercial public clouds for more flexibility, security, confidentiality and to reduce economic investments. Under this circumstance, homomorphic encryption appears as a probable solution, in which the information of the client is encrypted on the cloud in such a process that it can allow computation on data without decryption. The main intent of this paper is to present the systematic review of research papers published in the pitch of integer-based fully homomorphic encryption. The performance measures and contributions are also analyzed. Furthermore, different platforms used for implementation, and the diverse platforms used for performing the FHE are also studied. Finally, it highlights the challenges and gaps to be addressed in modeling and learning about competent, effectual, and vigorous FHE for the cloud sector and pays attention to directions for better future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tremendous growth in wireless and mobile communication for the past few decades gives rise to data sharing through the Internet. These data that are transferred through the open channel are more prone to several types of attacks. The traditional and only way to protect these data from hackers is Encryption. So that the confidential data can be secured from the hackers. The system that performs the process of encryption is called as cryptosystem. Encryption of data in the fields of communication has become a significant task to secure the data in this modern communication world. In this paper, a new image encryption algorithm is proposed using chaotic encryption theory via Diagonal Shuffling. The proposed scheme incorporates two-dimensional Henon, Ikeda chaotic maps, and shuffling processes. Henon Map is used to generate a random S-Box and is selected and the image pixel is substituted randomly. This cryptosystem is investigated on various measuring parameters such as information entropy, histogram investigation, correlation analysis, key sensitivity analysis, NPCR, UACI and time complexity are performed. The simulation results shows that the proposed method of encryption outperforms the other encryption process proposed in this era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The security of data is considered as important issue in any organization. The highly level of security is required to prevent data attacked, damaged or stolen. The online data transfer is rapidly on demand to reduce the costs and time for the organization. This study aims to discuss security approaches that could be adopted in order to secure data transfer online. The literature in the security domain is discussed to determine the most suitable security techniques for the transfer data depends on the data nature, i.e. textual, video, images, or audio data. The discuss shows that techniques such as encrypted data are suitable to safe the textual transfer data. The chaotic map and steganography techniques are suitable to protect the images, video, and audio data. Steganography works to hiding the data in other plain media such as images. The chaotic map works on remapping the data pixel map in order to maximize the complexity of handling the original data by the attackers. It is recommended to offer integration between the security techniques to improve data transfer protection. For example, the data encryption would be supported by other techniques such as a chaotic map, and the steganography can be supported by techniques such as chaotic map. This paper offers important evidences about the security techniques that would be adopted which depends on the nature of data transfer as well as the integration between the techniques to enhance the protection of data transfer. The users or organizations can adopt security techniques according to their data in the environment of working. In the future, the privacy techniques of data transfer would be investigated to prevent the illegal accessing of the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Now a days, The security of digital data is an important task. In this paper, we propose a novel method of digital color-image encryption and decryption based on elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) ElGamal encryption and 3D Lorenz map. In this proposed method, we have applied ECC on the digital color-image, for this, a mapping method is proposed to convert the pixels of the image as points on the elliptic curve. Further, to enhance the security of the cryptosystem, a substitution method is applied in the intermediate image using the keystream generated by the 3D Lorenz map. The decryption method is the same but in reverse order. A mapping inverting method is proposed for the decryption to get the original image. The security and statistical analyses are done on various images and the experimental results show the robustness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This digital era makes everyone feel insecure about their privacy, such as information. This is a nowadays problem, but it can be solved with the security system. Cryptography is one of the security systems, which scrambles message using a key. The key is important to process both encrypt and decrypt in cryptography. One of the cryptography algorithms is hill cipher. It is an algorithm which uses symmetric key. In this research, Fibonacci and modulo principle will be used to create the key, and then the key will be used to scramble the message using hill cipher algorithm. Finally, the information can only be opened by people who know the key correctly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a novel shrinking pseudorandom byte generator based on Ikeda functions with 128 bit computational precision. The result of the analysis shows that the novel scheme ensures a high security in the data encryption process. The computation is based on a GNU portable C library for arbitrary-precision binary floating-point computation with correct rounding, based on GNU Multi-Precision Library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of Von Neumann architecture's most important limitations is the minimal memory-processor bandwidth. In the processor itself, the cost of moving data back and forth between memory and processor is significantly higher than the processing. This architecture has a significant impact on the Big Data and data-intensive application, such as data encryption and decryption analysis that spends most of the processing time moving data. The principle of in-memory processing, which is based on the ability to perform the logic operation on the physical memory structure using a crossbar topology and non-volatile resistive-switching memristor technology, has recently been proposed. This paper presents a scheme to map the digital magnitude comparator circuit on the memristive memory crossbar array. Memristor-aided logic is used to map the 2-bit, 4-bit, 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit magnitude comparator circuit on the memristive memory crossbar array. The simulation results show that, for the 64-bit word size, the parallel mapping exhibits 1.8 better performance in total ex×ecution time than sequential mapping but has a trade-off in terms of energy consumption and area utilization. Meanwhile, the total crossbar area can be reduced by 1.4 for sequential mapping and 2.5 for parallel mapping both by using the overlapping technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since current commercial processor is not able to deal with the data in the cipher text, the sensitive data have to be exposed in the memory. It leaves a window for the adversary. To protect the sensitive data, a direct idea is to encrypt the data when the processor does not access them. On the observation, we have developed a lightweight memory encryption, called LeMe, to protect the sensitive data in the application. LeMe marks the sensitive data in the memory with the page table entry, and encrypts the data in their free time. LeMe is built on the Linux with a 3.17.6 kernel, and provides four user interfaces as dynamic link library. Our evaluations show LeMe is effective to protect the sensitive data and incurs an acceptable performance overhead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Secure encryption of data in Internet of Things is especially important as many information is exchanged every day and the number of attack vectors on IoT elements still increases. In the paper a novel symmetric encryption method is proposed. The idea bases on the one-time pad technique. The proposed solution applies double memory concept to secure transmitted data. The presented algorithm is considered as a part of communication protocol and it has been initially validated against known security issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the communication area, user is more focus on communication instead of security of the data communication. Many cryptosystems have been improvised to achieved the effectiveness in communication. RSA cryptosystem is one of well-known cryptosystem used to secure the information and protect the communication by providing a difficulty to the attackers specifically in encryption and decryption. As need arises for guarantee the security of the cryptosystem while the communication must be ensured, we propose a new RSA cryptosystem which is based on fuzzy set theory whereby the plaintext and the ciphertext are in terms of Triangular Fuzzy Number (TFN). Decryption result shows that the message obtained is the same as the original plaintext. This study reveals that the fuzzy set theory is suitable to be used as an alternative tool in securing other cryptosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Users use weak passwords and reuse them on different websites and applications. Password managers are a solution to store login information for websites and help users log in automatically. This project developed a system that acts as an agent managing passwords. Multi-Agent Integrated Password Management (MIPM) is an application using encryption that provides users with secure storage of their login account information such as their username, emails and passwords. This project was developed on an Android platform with an encryption agent using Java Agent Development Environment (JADE). The purpose of the embedded agents is to act as a third-party software to ease the encryption process, and in the future, the developed encryption agents can form part of the security system. This application can be used by the computer and mobile users. Currently, users log into many applications causing them to use unique passwords to prevent password leaking. The crypto agent handles the encryption process using an Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128-bit encryption algorithm. As a whole, MIPM is developed on the Android application to provide a secure platform to store passwords and has high potential to be commercialised for public use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protection of sensitive or classified data from unauthorized access, hackers and other personals is virtue. Storage of data is done in devices such as USB, external hard disk, laptops, I-Pad or at cloud. Cloud computing presents with both ups and downs. However, storing information elsewhere increases risk of being attacked by hackers. Besides, the risk of losing the device or being stolen is increased in case of storage in portable devices. There are array of mediums of communications and even emails used to send data or information but these technologies come along with severe weaknesses such as absence of confidentiality where the message sent can be altered and sent to the recipient. No proofs are shown to the recipient that the message received is altered. The recipient would not find out unless he or she checks with the sender. Without encrypted of data or message, sniffing tools and software can be used to hack and read the information since it is in plaintext. Therefore, an electronic mail authentication is proposed, namely Hybrid Encryption System (HES). The security of HES is protected using asymmetric and symmetric key algorithms. The asymmetric algorithm is RSA and symmetric algorithm is Advance Encryption Standard. With the combination for both algorithms in the HES may provide the confidentiality and authenticity to the electronic documents send from the sender to the recipient. In a nutshell, the HES will help users to protect their valuable documentation and data from illegal third party user. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To meet the needs of injection and development of Daqing Oilfield, the injection of oil from the early stage of general water injection to the subdivision of water is the purpose of improving the utilization degree and the qualified rate of water injection, improving the performance of water injection column and the matching process. Sets of suitable for high water content of the effective water injection technology supporting technology. New layered water injection technology intelligent measurement technology will be more information testing and flow control combined into a unified whole, long-term automatic monitoring of the work of the various sections, in the custom The process has the characteristics of "multilayer synchronous measurement, continuous monitoring of process parameters, centralized admission data", which can meet the requirement of subdivision water injection, but also realize the automatic synchronization measurement of each interval, greatly improve the efficiency of tiered injection wells to provide a new means for the remaining oil potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cryptography is the practice of transforming data to indecipherable by a third party, unless a particular piece of secret information is made available to them. Data encryption has been paid a great attention to protect data. As data sizes are growing, so does the need for efficient data search while being encrypted to protect it during transmission and storage. This research is based on our previous and continuous work to speed up and enhance global heuristic search on an encrypted data. This research is using chained hashing approach to reduce the search time and decrease the collision rate which most search techniques suffers from. The results were very encouraging and will be discussed in the experimental results section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]