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Cisgender men are diagnosed with HIV at a rate four times greater than cisgender women, with 71% of infections attributed to male-male sexual contact. Despite expanding accessibility, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention is initiated by only 30% of people with PrEP indications. Five focus groups with 42 young men who have sex with men from New York and Alabama were conducted to identify key factors to PrEP initiation and persistence. Thirty focus group participants completed a survey on demographics, PrEP choices and health care attitudes. Findings suggest provider competency significantly influences PrEP use due to stigmatization in medical settings. Participants noted benefits of PrEP including HIV protection and sexual empowerment, yet barriers like cost and side effects were prevalent. Our findings outline barriers and facilitators to PrEP use among young men who have sex with men in two high priority settings that will inform PrEP care updates in participating clinics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the underutilization of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among Latinx men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women in Southern California and the growing use of the delivery of PrEP through telemedicine, the California Department of Public Health implemented a telemedicine component to their already existing assistance program. We used the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework to identify and characterize factors inhibiting the successful implementation of the telemedicine program through in-depth, online stakeholder interviews and online community focus groups with Latinx MSM and trans women in southern California. Obstacles reported by stakeholders were complicated enrollment process, preference for in-person care, more appealing private sector models of PrEP, while community members reported low awareness of the program, fear of complications due to immigration status, challenges to fulfill enrollment requirements. Findings can used for the future improvement of the ongoing program, as well as other similar PrEP telemedicine programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explored whether siblings can be engaged in PrEP promotion. We used the Information-Motivation-Behavior model to develop and conduct surveys and dyadic interviews with Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM) and their siblings (n = 31) and three sibling-only focus groups (n = 20). For LMSM, only n = 14 (45%) agreed they would benefit from taking PrEP, yet n = 22 (71%) would take PrEP to make their sibling worry less about them, and n = 23 (74%) requested a PrEP referral. For siblings, n = 20 (65%) believed PrEP would benefit their brother, and n = 19 (95%) in the focus groups said they would take PrEP to help their brother get started. Qualitative results include (1) siblings' support for PrEP use, (2) explicit conversations about sex were not necessary for discussing sexual health, and (3) siblings wanted to understand what they could do to encourage their brother to consider PrEP. We conclude siblings can be engaged in PrEP promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]