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Businesses will do almost anything to get new customers and keep them. Yet these very same businesses often unintentionally frustrate customers by providing inefficient or slow service. Service or customer […]

Brittleness in expert systems is a major problem. Brittleness refers to an expert system's inability to give a "partial answer" in a graceful way. Brittleness is often addressed by resorting […]

Commercial and research machine translation tools are becoming more accessible, and their translation accuracy has matured Our global village gets smaller every day. Yet language differences continue to be a […]

THE SECOND GENERATION COMETH Advanced modeling systems have been available commerically for several years now, but recently have entered what might be thought of as a "second generation." A number […]

Whether deciding upon human decision making or induction tools, knowledge engineers should concentrate on using all available tools effectively Today's knowledge engineers typically slect one of two broad approaches when […]

Intelligent Vehicle/Highway Systems are coming out of AI labs and taking the high road Solving road transportation problems with advanced computing technologies is currently running at open throttle. Trains, aircraft, […]

Securities analysis involves the assessment oil the effect of new information such as news on the valuation of securities. Traditional approaches to such valuations are based on the translation of […]

Investment managers often find themselves overwhelmed with vast amounts of financial market information. Most of this information or data is numeric and often it is also noisy. Typically, the investment […]

A horse's tale: A classical rule-based expert system and neural nets combine to create the knowledge-intensive control of a prancing horse Watching an expert horseback rider is like seeing a […]

I remember the first time I used the term "genetic algorithm" (GA) in conversation. It was with a potential client, and when the term was mentioned, a glazed look passed […]

The conventional world of computer programming has become mired in "legacy" applications that consume an enormous amount of attention and resources to maintain and improve. COBOL and FORTRAN programs written […]

Panelists assembled at the A CM Computer Science Conference to discuss AI particularly expert systems. Here are the insights and conclusions drawn from these discussions This article presents an interpreted […]

Scouring the bulletin boards around Toronto, I've picked up messages from a few people who, like me, do a lot of prototyping and think that Prolog seems like good language […]

Prolog is no longer the best-kept secret in the programming industry. The Prolog programming language is not solely an AI language confined to research laboratories, but is increasingly seen as […]

Are neural nets the best way to model Wall Street? When last we met, a case-based reasoning shell had tackled the Dow Jones Industrial Average with encouraging results. This month […]

In a fuzzy, real-time control system, several activities must occur within a given time. First, each input's membership in the fuzzy input sets must be calculated--this is called the truth […]

After seven months of roaming around the innards of lexical analysis, rule compilation, and data structure and notation representations, we have laid a fairly solid foundation, I hope, in the […]

Several defense researchers are converting their well-tuned monitoring capabilities from searching the skies and oceans to picking a single errant sound out of an ocean of noise inside a transmission […]

Last month we looked at dictionary hashing and dissected the basic rule compiler. In the next few columns, I intend to wrap up the technical issues associated with rule and […]

Pattern matching can be fast and efficient, if you apply the Rete algorithm to production systems String comparison algorithms are plentiful in computer science. You have Boyer-Moore, Knuth-MorrisPratt, Rabin-Karp, and […]

When expert systems technology is nothing but a quaint, dim memory in an ancient programmer's mind, the computing industry will probably still revere the partnership that expert software forged between […]

Although they are not usually so used, neural-like nets are a great knowledge-acquisition tool. This column is about using an extension of neural nets to encode expert knowledge and then […]

Activity programming is a matter of combining rules and procedures. By this we mean the merging of two programming metaphors. The end result is the combination of procedure code with […]

A new class of tools is providing an enabling expert system-based technology while offering performance that can handle real-time and mission-critical applications While traditional expert system shells have often been […]

Now a new concept can take the strangness out of expert systems and make them more accessible and exciting for user. There's a new wrinkle in the way we look […]

Fuzzy functions are a simple, elegant method for representing control problems. Their advantage comes from both their ease of adaptation to specific problems and their emulation of either continuous functions […]

Capturing knowledge is the most time-consuming port of expert system development, but this algorithm con help Extracting knowledge from a human expert has long been recognized as the most time-consuming […]

Space Station Freedom will be one of the most complex engineered systems ever taken into-not to mention assembled in-a hostile environment. The data management system (DMS) of Freedom Station will […]

Fuzzy logic provides a sound numerical foundation for handling expert knowledge. Consider the rule "If temperature is warm and humidity is high, then cooling is maximum and fan speed is […]

By selecting the right tool, matching it to a specific part of a problem space, and executing in a environment, program efficiency con be increased Parallelization, specialization, and coordination are […]

Concepts that express subjectivity may be ignored if a number can't be pinned on them. S-trees con remove this dilemma Good ideas can be blinders, hiding subtle problems behind a […]

Few technologies are as maligned, misunderstood, and ignored as fuzzy logic. Where did these critics get their information? One morning some time ago, I found myself at IBM's Insurance Industry […]

One of the most frequently asked questions on the AI Expert CompuServe forum is: "I want to develop an expert system. What manager who wants to develop an application using […]

Knowledge acquisition is probably the most difficult step in the development of an expert or knowledge-based system. The complexity of the problem at hand, coupled with the human factors of […]

Even the sound of the word puts a stutter on your tongue and a furrow in your brow. Rumor has it that LISP-the most maligned of programming languages-is a memory […]

Let's talk about my friend Bob, who recently graduated from college where he specialized in expert systems. He feels well prepared and is anxious to demonstrate his Al skills. The […]

Some of the broader legal liability issues confronting developers and distributors of expert systems today were addressed by G. Steven Tuthill in AI Expert ("Legal Liabilities and Expert Systems," Mar. […]

Although I develop Al software and expert systems for other people, I don't really use Al on a daily basis. Furthermore, I suspect that I am not the only member […]

A common problem encountered by the knowledge engineer (KE) in the development of an expert system occurs when the knowledge acquisition (KA) process uncovers a "gap" in the domain expert's […]

4 As expert systems become more common,, the use of imaging systems will grow. When they are integrated, productivity will increase Expert systems are becoming increasingly integrated with imaging systems […]

Have you ever been frustrated by an expert-system project? Did you feel as if you were trying to force the expert's judgments into an inadequate representation? Did you wonder why […]

This column vividly demonstrates what happens when magazine columnists spend their weekends playing Lucasfilm's new computer game, "Secret Weapons of the Luftwaffe,' instead of working on their columns. But it […]

Last month, we saw how recursion is used in Prolog, and I made the point that recursion is the only way to perform iterative tasks under Prolog: it has no […]

Any runner has the potential of racing a four-minute mile, but individual results depend directly on each runner's athletic ability. Likewise, many database products can produce high performance (usually rated […]

Now that the summer driving season is over or nearly so, all of us worker bees face the daunting prospect of the dreaded commute back to work. Wouldn't it be […]

How can you make decisions about something vague, such as how well buildings relate to each other on a site? And how can you represent the knowledge that architects use […]

When choosing a doctor, we tend to prefer practitioners who are older. Why? Certainly a doctor fresh out of school has the latest information on diagnoses and treatments. In fact, […]

Many expert systems are written in Common LISP because the language is rich, extensible, and has facilities for rapid prototyping, which lets the implementor experiment with design and customize the […]

The LISP world is in great shape--10 years ago a standard LISP didn't even exist. The closest thing to one was InterLISP, which ran on PDP-10s, Xerox LISP machines, and […]