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Objective: Tobacco production experienced a gradual growth during the first half of the 20th century, but its increase has been truncated in the last four decades. The objective of the study is to analyze the productivity of tobacco in Mexico in order to certify its importance in Mexican society and to measure its productivity. Design/methodology/approach: The article presents an analysis of tobacco’s productivity in Mexico in the 1980-2020 period, through the KLEMS methodology. Analysis of census samples from the period studied has confirmed the decrease experienced by this agricultural production. Results: The importance of production has been visibly decreased within macroeconomic factors such as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which leads to a loss of participation of this agricultural product both in the national and international context. This has resulted in the contraction, in addition, ostensibly, of the number of jobs that are directly related to this agricultural activity and the ulterior consequences that come up for the family economy. Limitations on study/implications: The statistical records from the period 1980 to 2020 were taken into account, since there were no records available before 1980. Findings/conclusions: Through the research results, the decrease experienced by the tobacco industry from 1980 to 2020 was confirmed, and also that production will disappear at the industrial level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]