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The Passive Planning and Design is used in the new campus of the first senior middle school in Maoming city, Guangdong province, China. Oriented by regional climate, the design has beneficially explored the way of implementation of green campus in Subtropical Region. During the whole design process, the Computer Simulation Environment technology is combined with the regular design methods, cooperating with multi professional fields such as planning, architecture, landscape and pyrology. After building energy consumption calculation, the goal of energy conservation and environmental protection is achieved.

The experiment of economic and exhaust emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with 20% waste cooking oil bio-diesel blended with 80% diesel (B20) in different fuel delivery advance angle were performed. The fuel delivery advance angle is optimized under medium load condition by using the MATLAB software. The results show that the Optimized fuel delivery advance angle of B20 is at BTDC 15.225 °CA.

The paper studied the effect of fuel injection pressure and fuel supply advance angle on characteristics of butanol diesel blend engine.First,the results shows that when the volume ratio of butanol diesel is constant ,the fuel consumption and HC emission are the least under 20°CA.With increase of fuel supply advance angle ,the exhaust smoke emission and CO emission decreased largely under high load, but NOX emission increased largely. When the fuel supply advance angle is constant ,with the increase of volume ratio of butanol diesel ,the fuel consumption increased gradually, the exhaust smoke emission decreased largely, HC emission increased clearly, CO emission decreased largely but NOX emission increased.Third,with increase of fuel injection pressure,the exhaust smoke emission decreased largely ,NOx emission changed a little ,CO and HC emission increased largely.

The effects of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen removal rates and nitrite accumulation are investigated under alternating oxic-anoxic model in biological nitrogen removal system——sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The system operational effect was studied by analyzing pollutants removal and nitrite accumulation changes. The results showed that the ammonium nitrogen removal rate increased gradually and reached 60% at last. The average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 50.2%. The average total nitrogen removal rate was 31.0% due to the low ammonia nitrogen removal and the low carbon in the inflow. The average COD removal rate was 41.7%, finally the COD removal rate reached near 60%. The average nitrite accumulation rate was 68.71%. The alternating oxic-anoxic model reached stable nitrite accumulation.

Nitrification-denitrification biological nitrogen removal process has become the hotspot for the wastewater. During carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio was 1.16, 2.25, 4.07 and 6.20, the change of denitrification efficiency and the impact on the partial nitrification/denitrification was investigated. The results showed that removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was maintained in the high level, and was stable above 98% after C/N ratio higher than 1.16. With C/N ratio increased, the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand was increased about 20%, total nitrogen was increased from 54.9% to 84.6%. Simultaneously, after C/N ratio was higher than 4.07, the concentration of effluent TN was below 15 mg/L. Nitrite accumulation rate was maintained above 95%, the effect on partial nitrification was good, and the concentration of effluent nitrate was nearly 0, the best ratio of the C/N ratio was 4.07.

Aiming at the existing defects of evidence dempster-shafer theory (DST) in dealing with high conflict evidence, we proposed a new method to improve DST. By introducing concept of fuzzy consistent matrix, calculate the weights of factors, and put different sources of evidence into distinguish, and finally cast more than one vote to prevent the phenomenon, the average convergence of evidence. What’s more, the improved DST new method is applied to the rolling bearing fault diagnosis of CNC machine workbench .The test results show that the improved new synthetic formula increases the accuracy of fault diagnosis Ball, the conflict of evidence synthesis results better, to achieve better results.

A novel alternating oxic-anoxic operation mode of shortcut nitrification-denitrification was developed in a sequencing batch reactor at ambient temperature. Operational parameters favorable for maintaining the shortcut nitrification-denitrification were investigated and optimized. The experiments showed that alternating oxic-anoxic shortcut nitrification-denitrification system was able to be an independent treatment process in domestic wastewater treatment. And the optimization approach was so efficient that the main pollutant discharge targets achieved Standard A of the first class in "Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant". Moreover, the reliability of the operation strategy in this experimentation was proved, which indicated the excellent nitrogen removal performances.

Although still having certain limitations, the numerical simulation technology has been increasingly applied to aid in optimizing the aluminum extrusion process and die design. In the present research, numerical simulations of the profiles extrusion process were performed, using the Finite Volume Method (FVM) and Finite Element Method (FEM) to make use of the individual merits of the Euler approach and Lagrange approach, respectively. The application of the simulation technology to produce large, complex profiles has, however, been quite limited. In order to solve the limited, numerical simulation of aluminum profiles with large and complicated cross-section in extrusion process was achieved using Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) approach, and non-uniform velocities at the die exit, leading to extrudate distortions, were predicted. Extrusion experiments proved that the die with the optimized design could circumvent the distortion problem. The numerical simulation technology can indeed be effectively used to reduce the number of die trials and offer the potential to realize zero die trial.

Heat self-generated CO2 technique is proposed, which is focused on the problems of recovery difficulty, poor effect steam soaking and so on for heavy oil reservoirs. This technology is combining of steam flooding and gas flooding and so on. Its main mechanism is the application of steam heating blowing agent to generate a large volume of gases (including CO2, NH3, etc) in the formation. While some of these gases acting with the oil to reduce the oil viscosity, some form miscible flooding to reduce water interfacial tension, so as to achieve the purpose of enhancing oil recovery. An optimized selection of the heat blowing agents was performed. By comparison the difference before and after the reaction of blowing agent solution, the increase of alkaline is occurred after the reaction, and is helpful to reduce oil viscosity and lower interfacial tension, etc. Studies indicate that heat-generating CO2 flooding technology can get a maximum viscosity reduction rate of 76.7%, oil-water interfacial tension decreased by 54.77%, further improve oil recovery by 4.17% based on the steam drive, which shows a technical advantage toward conventional EOR method. The field experiments indicate that the technique can greatly improve the oil production, which will provide a powerful technical supporting for the efficient development of heavy oil.

Spatial structure of landscape ecology is composed by different ecosystems, the interaction function and dynamics. It is to the entire landscape as the research object, emphasizing the interaction between the protection and management of large areas of population ecology, management of environmental resources and human activities spatial heterogeneity of the maintenance and development, ecosystem and its components on the landscape impact. This paper presents several models of several computer-aided digital design environments, and the depth of the concrete application of various models.

This paper analyses status and requirement of electronic equipment test. Auto test system’s hardware based on VXI is presented. Test diagnosis network architecture is put forward. The advantages of C/S and B/S mode are analyzed. The computer network is combined with virtual instrument ideally. Based on existing VXI test system and combined with computer network technology, fault diagnosis network based on hybrid structure of C/S and B/S is developed by Lab Windows/CVI. It realizes instrument’s linking each, share resource and the improvement of the utilizing rate of instruments.

With biofilm reactor and continuous membrane filtration as the core, this paper proposes to establish biochemical module and membrane processing module, which can from the biofilm - membrane filtration process. In the part of biochemical module, diverse processing function can be realized by adjusting the operation conditions of the pumps and fans. Meanwhile, the number and operation condition of biochemical module could be changed flexibly according to the actual processing needs. Thereby, the standardization and generalization of biochemical module can be achieved. And in the part of membrane processing module, the processing capacity can also be expanded through frequency converting control and increasing the number of membrane module. An engineering project of decentralized sewage reuse is built, and the outlet water quality can reach the expected standard, which suggests that the modular design concept has good feasibility.

Exact downhole posture measurement of steering drilling tool can provide reliable control parameters for downhole control system, so as to ensure the accurate control of hole trajectory. How to ensure the reliability of the posture measurement system while it works in harsh environment is a key technique in the engineering process of steering drilling system. A redundant measurement method based on multi-accelerometers has been put forward according to the analysis of the working environment and measurement reliability requirements of posture measurement system. Then the posture parameter solution formulas were given. According to the linear relationship between measurement signals, a reconfiguration method of the redundant measurement system was put forward to ensure the fault-tolerant operation of the system.

The reaction mechanism of electrochemical extraction of FexTi alloys direct from natural ilmenite in molten CaCl2has been investigated. The electrochemical deoxidation experiment process was carried out at 1000 °C and 3.8 V, and a solid oxide oxygen-ion-conducting membrane (SOM) filled with carbon-saturated liquid metal was served as the inert anode of the electrolytic cell. The macro-/micro-structure variations of the samples during electrolysis were investigated. The reaction routes from natural ilmenite to FexTi alloys are proposed and discussed. It is found that element Fe is reduced firstly from ilmenite and thus serves as electronic conductor to accelerate subsequent deoxidation, FexTi alloys can be produced directly from natural ilmenite by electrolysis in molten salt. It is suggested that FexTi phase can be formed directly from FexTiOycompounds and/or from deoxidation-generated Ti and Fe through various reaction routes.

In this paper, according to the KR desulphurization historical data, samples are refined and optimized through prior knowledge, to better meet the requirements of establishing desulfurizer quality quantitative model; then samples are classified using DBSCAN clustering algorithm, on the basis of which desulfurizer quality quantitative model is established.

The 3D computer technology has a wide range of applications currently, with various engineering fields. All 3D visual effects can bring us visual impact, the use of 3D computer technology produced by advertising more easily accepted by the audience, this paper discuss the 3D computer-aided design advertising and its application. The paper analysis 3D advertising purposes and applications range scale, the application of technical features and style.

The adsorption studies of 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy nitrobenzene (CDNB) from aqueous solution on pyrolytic char activated by ammonium dihydrogen phosphate from pine sawdust have been performed. Several experimental parameters like initial pH, NaCl concentration, contact time solution temperature were evaluated. Solution pH within 2-7 is favor of adsorption and it is advantage of adsorption at higher temperature. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models were used to fit the experimental data and Temkin model was better. The adsorption capacity was up to 33.8 mg·g1at 323 K. The process is spontaneous and endothermic and physical action is major mechanism.

The ecological structures of some organisms that could resist environmental vibration naturally (such as dragonfly, woodpecker and legs of cursorial animals) uncovered by biologists inspire people a new approach to overcome the above problem. In this paper, a new shock isolation system consisting of a pedestal, a rubber layer, an air spring and a shearing viscoelastic damper is designed, fabricated, and characterized to avoid the performance deterioration and physical damage of mechanical manufacturing devices from external mechanical excitations. The nonlinear dynamics model of the platform is developed and the dynamic characteristics are analyzed using numerical analysis. The displacement and velocity response are obtained. The results demonstrate that the stiffness and damping characteristic of the platform change with excitation frequency. The vibration isolation effectiveness will be greatly enhanced.

The experiments of the economy performance and emissions of diesel engine fueled with ethanol-n butanol-diesel were performed on a dual-cylinder direct injection diesel engine. The results show that without modification on the engine, while the mixed proportion of ethanol getting larger, the equivalent brake specific fuel consumption decreases and effective thermal efficiency increases when the diesel engine work on medium and high loads condition, NOX emissions and smoke decreased obviously. But the smoke increased when the proportion of ethanol is 20%. And the results also indicate that it is beneficial for decreasing the smoke and NOX emissions to reduce suitably fuel supply advance angle when the diesel engine fueled with blend fuel mixed high proportion of ethanol.

In this paper, we demonstrated the acicular-like ZnO nanostructure powder were prepared by hydrothermal method. We used the industrial aerosol elemental zinc powders through high energy ball mill, and then took ball mill zinc powder into autoclave reactor direct synthesis high length to diameter ratio of acicular-like ZnO nanostructure powder. The samples phase were studied by XRD, the morphology of the sample were observed by SEM, the samples of luminous performance were studied by Fluorescence spectrophotometer. When the hydrothermal temperature is 200°C, hydrothermal time is 24 h, mineralizer of NaOH concentration is 1 mol/L, the samples were washed by alcohol and then dried at 80°C for 3 hours. We had synthesized the high dispersion, high length to diameter ratio up to 50 acicular-like ZnO nanostructure powder.

Computerized information technologies are gradually instead of the traditional methods as primary sites of knowledge and information since 1980s and has been widely used in higher education recent years, but from the current condition of speaking, most of these efforts still stay at the surface level. Determining how to actively promote the integration of information technology and curricula and the construction of an interactive teaching system in normal university is discussed in this paper.

Adsorption of copper ion and methylene blue (MB) ion from aqueous solution was performed by natural wheat straw (NWS) and modified wheat straw (MWS) with citric acid (CA) in fixed-bed column. Adsorption behaviors of single system and binary system were compared at same experimental condition. There was higher adsorption capacity of MWS for binding Cu2+ and MB. In the binary system of Cu2+ and MB coexisted in solution, there was competitive adsorption. The adsorption quantity of Cu2+ or MB decreased with MB or Cu2+ existed. NWS and MWS can simultaneously adsorb Cu2+ and MB from mixtures.

The shipping emissions estimation method is the premise and basis of making shipping emissions inventory, assessing the impact of shipping emissions, and promoting the work of energy saving and emissions reduction in transportation industry. The article analyzed the three main kinds of current representative shipping emissions estimation methods, i.e. simplified methodology and detailed methodology for estimating air pollutant emissions from ships presented by Techne Consulting, Tier1 and Tier2 methods from IPCC, and default approach, technology specific approach and ship movement methodology proposed by EMEP. Based on a comparative analysis of the characteristics of these estimation methods and their applicability, it was shown that: (1) the three kinds of methods from Techne Consulting, IPCC and EMEP are essentially the same, that is the emission equals to the product of the level of activities and emission factors, the difference lies in the level of detail of the activities are broken down; (2) the three shipping emissions calculation methods proposed by EMEP can be considered as the comprehensive and representative method, the default approach is a top-down method, and the technology specific approach and ship movement methodology are bottom-up approaches; (3) different methods have different applicability, the default approach proposed by EMEP is recommended to estimate CO2, SO2 emissions from shipping, and the technology specific approach and ship movement methodology are suitable for estimating the emissions of the other pollutants.

Classical mean shift tracking algorithm doesnt show good performance when the tracked objects move fast, change in size or pose. This paper proposes an improved mean shift method used for vehicle tracking. Firstly, a position prediction model based on second order auto-regression process is used to find the initial position of mean shift iteration, reduce times of iteration and enhance the tracking accuracy. Secondly, we employ a position search method based on the weight image to improve the tracking result when the result of basic mean shift tracking is not good. The proposed algorithm is tested in a real traffic video to track a vehicle changing in size and pose with more accurate result than basic mean shift tracking algorithm.

In this paper a blind direction of arrival (DOA) estimation method based on single acoustic vector hydrophone is presented according to the characteristics of underwater acoustic waves. With no priori assumptions about the structure of steering vector, the vector hydrophone array manifold is estimated by the joint approximate diagonalization of eigen-matrices (JADE) algorithm. Simultaneously, acoustic waves are reconstructed by the separation matrix and signal vector. Finally, with the orthogonality of the components of particle velocity the DOA are estimated. Simulation experiment proves the effectiveness and correctness of this new method.

Potential benefits of advanced composite materials, such as 3D composites, include reduced weight, superior stiffness, and good design flexibility [. 3D composites is weaved the fibers into preform firstly and then impregnated to a part. The impregnation quality is a key factor to the part performance; some imperfections resulting from it affect the integration, which limit its usages in aerospace, national defense and other areas. The infusion from both inside and outside at same time (IIOS) is suggested to improve the quality and increase the filling efficiency.

The effect of contact time and the determination of the kinetic parameters of adsorption of methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solution onto Iron-Oxide-Coated-Zeolite (IOCZ) powder are important in understanding the adsorption mechanism. The effect of contact time on adsorption quantity was studied at different initial concentration and temperature, respectively. The pseudo-second-order model was adopted to fit the experimental data using non-linear regressive analysis and it was used to predict the adsorption behavior. The results showed that the process of adsorption MO was endothermic and chemisorption. The pore diffusion was not significant.

With the oilfield development entering into high water cut stage, ESP (Electric Submersible Pump) was widely used with its strong oil recovery capacity. At present, there is a big gap in ESP control technology between ours and overseas, the traditional line frequency control failures frequently, has low system efficiency, serious energy waste and high operation cost, and frequency conversion control can't real-time automatic adjustment. According to these existing problems, fuzzy control was introduced into ESP system control, a fuzzy control algorithm was put forward by this paper, then fuzzy controller was realize by using PLC programming. This control system not only reserved the flexible, reliable and strong ability to adapt characteristics of PLC control system, and improved the of intelligence level of the system. Ensure esp real-time efficient and reasonable operation, prolong operation life, and enhanced. With this control system, ESP can real -time run efficiently, prolong the operating life, enhance the system efficiency, save energy and reduce consumption

The purpose of the paper is to research and analysis energy-efficient technology suited the residential building and energy consumption level of building, master the application of energy saving technology in building, thus provide the basis for energy saving and integrated application of adaptability in different buildings. The basic materials of residence in Shenyang were collected by the form of survey analysis, at the same time, evaluation and analysis of the energy consumption data. Through the investigation and building self assessment index analysis of the heat consumption, to achieve the requirements of the energy saving 65%.Building is obviously relevant to climate, and 90% of electricity consumption for appliances and lighting. There is a lot of energy waste with 40% of the building water consumption for flushing. Through to the analysis of the residential energy consumption, the key to energy saving of residential building are the thermal performance of the building itself, make full use of natural light and other measures, and improve the energy consumption of the system in the building and equipment efficiency.

Regional eco-efficiency is regarded as a relative concept. It could be presented the relative eco-efficiency with the change of economy and environment. That means it could not the optimal compared with the predicted optimum in the future. It would be a basis of policy decision making of local governments according to identify the life cycle stage of current regional eco-efficiency. As a beneficial supplement of the eco-efficiency measurement, this paper set up a DEA Neural Network recognition model which can effectively analyze and identify the current relative eco-efficiency of a regional. The empirical research shows that the phenomenon of forecasted value “floating upon” has been restrained effectively. It is an obvious advantage that this method is showed as a method of fast convergence, accurate identification, extensive application and promotion value in practice.

Objective: Test the wind pipe dust and microorganism pollution status in the central air conditioning system of public buildings in the teaching area.Analysis of microbial pollution of the related factors.Methods:Sampling 6 functionally different area in the teaching building,using the microbiology analysis method on air conditioning system of blower tube surface dust pollution of microorganism detection,and the use of TiO2 photo catalyst purification mechanism on microbial contamination control.Results:on the basis of"centralized air ventilation system in public places sanitary specification",teaching areas of central air conditioning system of dust amount met the requirement basically.Bacterial concentrations generally beyond the standard,fungal concentration accords with the standard.The Method using TiO2 photo catalysis sterilization was proposed. Conclusion:Teaching of regional air conditioning pipe inner product dust weight is relatively large.Microbial pollution is serious.It is necessary that cleaning air conditioning system timely and using TiO2 Photocatalyst purification mechanism for killing air duct surface dust microorganism.

Chrome shavings were dechromed by methods of oxidation and the extracts were obtained in acidic or basic condition. The blended solutions were obtained by blending chrome shavings extract with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The optimal proportion was determined after comparing the properties which included viscosity of the mixture, mechanical properties of the blended membranes and degradation. The optimal proportion of PVA: extract (prepared with acid method) is 2:8 while solid content is 10 percent. The results of degradation test indicated that the membranes developed with the extract and PVS could be degraded in soil, trypsin solution and AS1.398 solution.

Museum has its particularity in public buildings and high research value for its thermal and humidity environment and building energy efficiency status. According to a investigation of air-conditioning systems and a test of indoor heat and humidity parameters in summer and winter for a museum in Shenyang, this article analysis its thermal environment and air-conditioning energy consumption status, draw the winter and summer indoor temperature and humidity and air-conditioning energy consumption chart, research the indoor temperature change rules and the energy consumption status of air-conditioning system in winter and summer. The results show that as air-conditioning energy consumption accounted for the main body of museum’s total building energy consumption, more energy-efficient technologies can be used to reduce the energy consumption of air-conditioning systems. And how to control the thermal environment of different types of collections in this museum, and take a consideration of energy saving, are focues of future research.

Porcine acellular dermal matrix (pADM) was modified by N-(2-Hydroxy) propyl-3-Trimethyl Ammonium Chitosan Chloride (HTCC) with varied concentration, pH, time and temperature. The absorption of HTCC, surface state, hydrophilicity, antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity of pADM were researched before and after modification. Results show that the optimum experimental condition of modification is pH 6.4, 37°C, treated for 48 hours, and the concentration of HTCC 0.7%. The contact angle of modified pADM reduces and the water absorption ratio increases, but the tensile strength and moisture permeability falls. Obvious antibacterial action is observed on Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus, and cytotoxicity is grade 2. This work suggests the feasibility of HTCC to modify pADM.

Lithium salts were dissolved in ionic liquid [Amim]Cl, and their dissolution behavior were tested by turbidimeter. It is found that the solubility of LiCl in [Amim]Cl is up to 14g/100g [Amim]Cl at 70°C, and it keeps growing as the temperature increase. Turbidity of cellulose solution in [Amim]Cl at 70°C was obtained, but the solubility of high concentration cellulose solution could not be demonstrated accurately in this way. Cellulose solutions with [Amim]Cl or [Amim]Cl/lithium salts as solvents at different temperature were obtained, in which the lithium salts were 1wt%(mass fraction of [Amim]Cl), polarization microscope was used to observe the dissolution behavior of cellulose. The solubility of cellulose would increased as temperature rose, and the solubility of cellulose in [Amim]Cl/1wt%LiCl reached 11.9%(mass fraction of [Amim]Cl) at 80°C, which was higher than in [Amim]Cl 9.4% at 80°C. It is found that the addition of lithium salts into [Amim]Cl can really improve the solubility of cellulose than in [Amim]Cl.

In recent years, high-resolution Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation with a sensor array has become indispensable for various applications. In actual measurement, however, DOA estimation accuracy is deteriorated by many error factors. For a uniform linear array (ULA), there exist algorithms for self-calibration for single-dimensional (1-D) DOA estimation. In this paper, we develop a simple self-calibration method for two-dimensional (2-D) DOA estimation with an L-shaped array.

Automatic multi-function flat frying machine set crank up the tea, science articles, squash, Hui dry in a multi-functional machine structure, staffing fried tea mimic the mechanism of continuous complete Na, friction, pressure, shaking, turning, etc. frying action, the use of computer systems in the process of tea frying temperature, pressure, dry speed process monitoring; through the frying process performance parameters of the test analysis showed that: the automatic multi-function flat frying machine frying tea tea quality of tea samples close to hand-frying, frying by the expert assessment of mechanical parameters were better than some of the tea hand-frying, with the promotional value.

At present, the domestic research on the scale of macroscopic logistics has yet belonged to the blankness, therefore, this research tries using LV in circulation and LV in stock to measure the logistics volume and forecasting it in a long period. In order to overcome the phenomenon of “floating upward” in long-term period, this paper establish the improved Grey RBF to forecast the LV next 5-10 year in Jilin province of China. The results show that the increased circulation of goods is the main reason leading to increased logistics volume, and the simulation also shows that the improved gray RBF neural network model is a good method for the government to establish the logistics development policy.

High-speed milling (HSM) has advantages in high productivity high precision and low production cost. Thus it can be widely used in the manufacture industry. However, when the speed of spindle-tool reaches a higher speed range, the gyroscopic effect will become an important part of its stable milling. In this paper, a dynamics model of HSM system was proposed considering the influence of gyroscopic moment due to high rotating speed of end milling, and solution it. Then, the natural frequencies of end-milling model were researched by using analyse software. And analysis the stability of end-milling that considered gyroscopic effects under different speeds, obtain the Campbell Diagram. Get the trajectory of one point in end face milling. Then draw the fitting trajectory and ideal trajectory of the point in milling. Compare the actual trajectory, fitting trajectory and the ideal trajectory. So it can provide a basis for stability prediction of high speed milling.

A combined numerical and experimental study is performed to analyze the feasibility of using heat pipe cooling in milling applications. In this model, it is assumed that the end mill is subjected to a static heat source which verifies the analysis and feasibility of using heat pipe cooling in milling operations. The performance of heat pipe mill model is approximated using a solid cylinder model of pure conduction. Both the numerical and experimental studies show that the use of a heat pipe in a mill can reduce the temperature field significantly.

To meet demands for improvements in the CO,NOx and smoke intensity and fuel economy from diesel engine,the emulsified diesel fuel are choose as alternative fuel .It is prepared through selecting appropriate compound-surfactants on the basis of the HLB (hydrophilic and lipop- hilic balance) value.Comparative experiments between the emulsified fuels and diesel are undertook based on engine bench test in the model 295A diesel engine without any modification. The results indicate that smoke intensity and NOx emissions are reduced greatly when using the emulsified fuels ,especially for those with glucose Solution.Besides,The fuel consumption of the emulsified fuels s are less than that of pure diesel and the economy characteristic from diesel engine is better.

The cutting temperature is a key factor which directly affects thermal distortion, the machined part’s dimensional accuracy, as well as the tool wear in machining process. Aiming to effectively remove the cutting heat yields in machining process, the cutting tool with heat pipe cooling has been developed in recent years. This research focuses on developing a clear understanding of the temperature distribution in end mill embedded with heat pipe. Mathematical model is developed based on the heat transfer theory and the metal-cutting theory. 3-D finite element models are set up. The thermal boundary conditions are properly set, and contrasts of the temperature field in end mill with and without embedded heat pipes by numerical simulations are given.

The piston is a key part of engine,working in high temperature,high pressure and high load of harsh environment;Besides, periodic mechanical load and heat load work on it.Firstly,use the software UG to set up a geometry model of the piston;then use the ANSYS to set up finite element modle.We can learn about the total deformation with thermal load so as to find out the dangerouse and thermal stress points and provide theory for improving and optimizing structure of piston after mechanical load is added to the piston and coupling analysis is carried out.

A numerical model is presented to analyze effect of wheel/rail friction on rolling contact fatigue. A three-dimension finite element model of rail is built up to investigate the rail stresses and strain around wheel/rail patch. Then, based on the critical plane concept, a new model was proposed to predict the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) crack initiation life under different wheel/rail frictions by using stress and strain on the critical plane as fatigue parameter. The numerical results obtained show that the wheel/rail friction coefficient has a great impact on the fatigue crack initiation life.and the curve of fatigue crack initiation life under different wheel/rail friction coefficient is roughly "S" type. The results are very useful in the wheel/rail friction management and determining grinding interval and grinding removal.

A dynamics model is established considering gyroscopic effects due to high speed rotating spindle-tool system in ultra-high speed milling (USM). The proposed method for predicting stability enables a new 3D stability lobe diagram to be developed in the presence of gyroscopic effects, to cover all the intermediate stages of spindle speed. The influences of the gyroscopic effects on dynamics and stability in USM are analyzed. It is shown that the gyroscopic effects lower the resonance response frequencies of the spindle-tool system and the stable critical depth of cut in ultra-high speed milling.