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In order to evaluate the risk degree of the tailings pond’s dam-break disaster reasonably, according to statistical analysis of the tailings pond’s dam-break failure and "the tailings major hazards classification method" of our country, the improved "index weight method" is worked out, and the index partition method and weight assignment of the "index weight method" are analyzed and researched detailed. Combining with an engineering example to verify the improved "index weight method", and the sensitivity of index weight is discussed. The results of the analysis show that "index weight method" for the judgment of the risk degree of the tailings pond’ s dam-break disaster is more reasonable. It is more feasible for safety department to make division of attention to supervision level of the tailings pond according to the determination results.

Liugou river in Huanghe river of Lanzhou located in Yuzhong County , the paper via instantaneous unit method, formula method were carried out to its hundred years flood flow Estimating through storm information, Liu Gou come once in a century design flood flow should be 380 m3 / s, can provide a reference for subsequent projects.

There are various evaluation indicators in command information system. It is important to determine the weight of each indicator because it has a direct impact on the final result for evaluation and decision making. The reasonable and accurate attribute weight is helpful to ascertain the status or effect on the policy decision. With analyzing the deficiency of attribute weighting algorithms based on the rough sets theory, the new attribute weight algorithm is proposed in the paper. The proposed algorithm considers objective weight and subjective weight. The objective weight includes three factors, named as the importance of the attribute itself, the increment of mutual information, and its own information entropy. The subjective weight is obtained by the experts with prior knowledge in the field. Experiment results prove that the new method not only overcomes the deficiency of the existing weight methods, but also is more in line with the actual situation.

Based on the statistical pattern recognition theory, the AMRA timing analysis methods are used in the article, through the combination of long autoregressive model residuals method and the least squares method the model parameters are estimated, and a system model is established. By using mean control chart method the vibration information and feature of the pressure pipe are extracted and selected, so whether the pressure pipes is damaged can be judged effectively. The simulation results show that structural abnormalities test method of the mean value ,which is Based on the recognition theory of statistical pattern, can accurately diagnose structural damage detection state ,the injury degree and damage location, it has a very strong sensitivity

Suspension in tunnel construction usually cause tunnel callapse in weak ground if the suspension time is long. Dongkeling tunnel on Guizhou-Guangxi line being as the engineering background, the indoor rheological experiment and back analysis were performed to obtain the rheological model and parameters of the surrounding rock, and the 3D viscoelasto-plastic calculation model was established to find the evolving rules of deformation at critical locations under two different water contents. It was found that the primary support has little effect on rheology of tunnel work face but on the cross section, and decreasing the water content of the surrounding rock to medium or low saturation level favors the tunnel stabillity greatly for water abundent tunnels.

Three-phase slurry bubble column reactor owns a wide application area. This review focuses on the hydrodynamics of the reactor from the findings of published studies, which includes the flow regimes, gas holdup, bubble size and distribution and mass transfer coefficients. The factors affecting each parameter and the status of the research are discussed, and the development of slurry bubble column reactor has also been prospected. At present, the experimental data that can be used in the industrial application is not accurate, an enlargement of the reactor is still a difficult problem, it remains to be further exploring in close to real environment.

Taking the concrete face cock-fill dam upper reservoir of Tianchi as an example, the stress and deformation characteristics of concrete face rock-fill dam are studied in-depth in this paper. The article builds a fine three-dimensional finite element model of Tianchi upper reservoir by a nonlinear elastic model of the finite element software ADINA. The stress and deformation of the two conditions under completion and storage for the dam are calculated ,which will be analyzed to obtain stress - strain distribution of the dam in two conditions, comparing dam stress and deformation before and after impoundment to get impact of the water pressure on the dam stress and deformation: comparing after impoundment and completion , the dam water level displacement of upstream side from role of horizontal water pressure will increase , the dam upstream offsets to downstream , but the offset is little ; Due to dam is affected by vertical hydrostatic pressure and uplift pressure after impoundment , the dam settlement is slightly less than the completion in storage. KEY WORDS: Tianchi upper reservoir, The concrete face cock-fill dam, Three-dimensional finite element, Nonlinear elastic model, Analysis of stress and deformation

Based on introducing engineering background and characteristics of river, the Yellow River in lanzhou section of the hydrological and sediment characteristics and characteristics of riverbed evolution are analyzed. On this basis, determine the once-in-a-century flow, and calculate the once-in-a-century flow when the bridge was analyzed and local scour of general erosion depth, scope of backwater height, etc.On the bridge of the embedment depth, clearance under the bridge, such as the check, and the bridge construction impact on the stability of river regime is analyzed.

We report on the synthesis and electrochemical properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT)/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites. The MWNT/PANI composite was prepared through electrochemical polymerization and is confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The MWNT/PANI nanocomposites show a specific capacitance value as high as 463 F/g.

Mesoporous inorganic alumina with framework walls has been synthesized using a new and simple non-supercritical drying method. As a substitute solvent, hexamethyl disilylamine (HMDS) plays a definitive part for synthesis of the mesoporous alumina due to its special characters. The resulting alumina product shows high BET surface area, concentrated distribution of diameter and high porosity. The pore size distribution of alumina we prepared is concentrated around 11nm. Its structure still maintained stable and the BET surface area could reach up to 413.4593m2/g after being calcined at 800°C.

This work studies eco monitoring networks. As eco monitoring networks have been used to monitor large networks, questions arise whether decentralized inference is efficient and whether an eco monitoring network with a moderate size can monitor an underlying network at the Internet scale. This work studies the local effectiveness of decentralized inference done by individual monitors. Information theoretical measures, i.e., conditional non-uniformity factor is applied to quantify the effectiveness. Large-scale data from DShield is used to access the effectiveness of a real eco monitoring network.

To investigate the effects of sol pH value and water content on photocatalytic activity of TiO2 prepared with sol-gel auto-igniting synthesis (SAS) method, TiO(NO3)2 was prepared with TiCl4 as raw material and used as precursor of TiO2. By changing sol pH value and water content, different TiO2 powders were prepared and characterized with XRD, SEM and photodegradation of methylene blue (MB). Results indicated that TiO2 presented the highest photocatalytic activity while sol pH value and mass fraction of water were adjusted to 7 and 50% respectively while the mole ratio of n (TiCl4): n (citric acid): n (ammonium nitrate) was fixed as 1: 1: 3. The TiO2 powders were confirmed as loose and porous anatase type with particle size of 15 nm by SEM and XRD.

The paper presents a simulation platform for the development of vehicle adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems. The simulation platform has the ability to simulate traffic driving conditions and critical driving conditions and covers software-in-the loop and hardware-in-the-loop test capabilities. First, the system architecture of the simulation platform is introduced. All components of the platform are defined. Those components build the basis for the entire simulation. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between the simulated vehicle and its traffic environment. Second, this paper provides a radar sensor model framework and a vision sensor model framework to establish virtual sensor models to enable high-fidelity simulation on environmental sensing and perception for virtual development, testing and validation of ACC system. Finally, this paper gives an example of ACC under traffic conditions to verify the simulation platform.

This paper presented a trajectory tracking algorithm applied for an intelligent driving system. Both the path tracking and longitudinal speed tracking controller are based on IMC algorithm and are carried out respectively. A simulation tool is introduced in this paper and some simulation tests were conducted to verify the proposed trajectory planning algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed trajectory tracking algorithm is valid and good for the applications of vehicle driving in complex environment.

The structural character of breech mechanism is studied and analyzed in order that the virtual prototype model is the best. By the CAD software Pro/Engineer the XX breech mechanism virtual prototype is built. At first, the 3D modeling of the XX Breech Mechanism is generated with the parametric design and virtual assembling, and experiment platform of virtual prototype including all kinds of conditions is set up. At last, the quantitative analysis is performed on the above experiment platform, the experiment resulting is accord with specification data by and large, which validates that the designed breech mechanism virtual prototype is proper and appropriate.

This paper presents the research on the influence of carburizing and heat treatment on the properties and microstructure of a new medium carbon alloy steel Fe-0.39C-0.99Si -0.37Mn -5.06Cr-1.21Mo-0.75V (wt.%) used for disk cutter ring. The carburized case has secondary cementite besides those appeared in core such as pearlite and some carbides of Cr, Mo and V. Microstructure of the case is coarse and there are more and larger carbide particles than in core. After quenching and tempering, the carburized case and the core transformed into the microstructure comprised mostly of troostite and fully precipitated tiny carbide particles of Cr, Mo and V. The grains in the carburized case are still larger and the quantity of carbide precipitations including cementite is larger compared with that in the core. Finally, the case depth of about 1mm can be obtained; the surface hardness is above 60HRC; the core hardness is above 55HRC; and the impact toughness reaches 16.9 kJ/cm2.

The dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) was applied to investigate the damping properties of Mg-6Zn-0.6Zr alloys. The results show that the as-cast Mg-6Zn-0.6Zr alloy exhibits higher strain amplitude independent damping performance than that of as-homogenized. The strain amplitude dependent damping of the as-homogenized has the best damping performance with the strain amplitude from 3×10-5 to 6×10-4, and the as-extruded is the lowest. When the strain amplitude exceeded 6×10-4, the as-extruded has the best damping capacity all the time within the experimental strain amplitude, and all the alloys reach the high damping capacity. Two critical strain amplitude points were detected in the alloy as-extruded and as-homogenized. The damping peak value is 0.0192 with the strain amplitude of 1.5×10-3 presented in the alloy as-extruded.

Cutting pick is a kind of widely-used consumptive mining tool. The traditional producing technics of cutting pick body is foundry, or machining after roughly forging, or machining directly from metal bar. By former technics, the property of products is poor, and by latter, the material availability is low and the cost is high. The patent technology for cutting pick body warm extrusion introduced in this paper can overcome all the disadvantages mentioned above. In this paper, by analyzing the characteristic of cutting pick body warm extrusion, adopting the principle of power balance to solve the approximate solution of strain forces, the approximate calculating formulas of extruding power are deduced. The main factors affecting on extrusion force are determined theoretically. This research can be used as basis to design tooling and choose proper equipment for this new technology.

Aging properties of tourmaline modified asphalt prepared by melt blending were studied. The change laws of aging properties of asphalt caused by different types and contents of tourmaline were studied systematically by rotated thin film oven tests (RTFOT), in which the indices of aged residues such as softening point, penetration and ductility were tested. The results showed that the anti-aging performance of asphalt was improved effectually with addition of tourmaline, the ratio of residual penetration and ductility increased, and the softening point increment of aged asphalt decreased. The improvement of anti-aging performance of asphalt reduced with the increasing mixing amount of tourmaline. Tourmaline anion powder (5000ions) was recommended to improve the anti-aging performance of asphalt.

To detect low-pressure dynamic loading in rock-soil, optical fiber Michelson interferometer was adopted to set up the sensing system. Polyurethane package was used to enhance stress sensitivity of optical fiber sensors that composed quasi distributed optical fiber detection system. The sensitivity of optical fiber senor reached -170dB, and met the measurement requirement of low pressure dynamic loading at 0.001MPa-0.01MPa. The results proved that it was feasible to detect low-pressure dynamic loading using the designed optical fiber sensors. It provides a new experiment method for research on response of low-pressure dynamic loading in geotechnical engineering.

Springback is the prominent problem in bending forming of sheet metal, which is difficult to control accurately, especially for the complex shaped bending parts. The change of blank-holder force will cause significant changes of bending springback amount. The theoretical analytical model of cap-shape parts bending, which takes into account of the harden ability, anisotropy and elastic deformation of material, is proposed in this paper based on the plane deformation assumption and the bending theory of sheet metal, the cap-shape parts bending of wide sheet is analyzed theoretically, the approximate calculation relational expression is derived between the blank-holder force and springback angle, and the influence of blank-holder force on springback is discussed. In the same conditions, the springback result deduced from theoretical formula is basically consistent with numerical simulation and experiment result.

The core of economical and intensive land-use in tourism industry is the land for construction(LC). The paper studied the evaluation system about the economical and intensive land-use of the LC in the tourism industry. And made the cites as the evaluation unit of Yunnan Province, selected seven factors, such as the received tourist of units construction from abroad, the investment of units construction, the income of tourism and so on as the evaluation factors, analyzed and evaluated the status of intensive use of the LC, which provided the basis for the land-use planning of tourism industry in Yunnan Province.

In this paper, a flat back-light in which has no electrodes was developed. This back-light was fabricated by two flat glasses in which the pure Xe (at pressure of 150 Torr) was sealed, with a layer of commercial water on the out surfaces of the glasses as the external electrodes, where the glass with thickness of 1.2 mm was used as the dielectric barrier. The white light was available by exciting the phosphor layer with the plasmas introduced by high-frequency voltage, whose luminance was 4000 cd/m2, accompanied with the lighting homogeneity over than 92 %. The effects of driving voltage and the discharge space in the samples on the lighting characteristics of the back-light were comprehensively evaluated.

Conductive films of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/Poly3-alkylthiophene (P3TH) composite films were prepared by in-situ polymerization of 3-alkylthiophene at the presence of soluble MWCNTs. The MWCNTs were safely obtained via a two-step process assisted by microwave radiation, which were soluble in organic media. The obtained composites were examined by FTIR. By using UV-vis analysis it was found that there are strong interactions between P3TH and functionalized MWCNT. The TEM images showed the MWCNTs were homogeneously dispersed in P3TH. In addition, the resulting MWCNT/P3TH composites showed an electrical conductivity at the level 10-3 S/cm.

Alygorskite is a kind of hydrated magnesium aluminium silicate clay mineral. A novel linear core-shell structured Ni-P coated micro-fiber palygorskite (MFP) was fabricated via an electroless plating process in acid bath. The composition, morphology and structure of the as-prepared products were characterized by the techniques such as powder X-ray diffra-ction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Magnetic Property of the powders was conducted from a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It was observed that the MFPs surface was compactly coated with irregular Ni-P particle. The XRD patterns indicate the amorphous Ni-P microstructure of coating. Magnetic properties show that coated MFPs are ferromagnetic materials. The satura-tion magnetization (σs) and coercivity (jHc) of the powders are 13.86emu/g and 43.97 Oe respectively.

Mcrostructure and properties of Mg-Zn-Nd-Cd-Zr alloy have been investigated on different solution treatments and artificial aging conditions by optical microscope, SEM (scanning electron microscope) and TEM(transmission electron microscope). The results indicate that the grain boundarys become thinner and the second phases distributed on the grain boundarys become finer by double-stage homogenization at 400°C for 2h plus 460°C for 12h than that of homogenization at 420°C for 24h. Double-stage homogenization brings a greater peak-ageing hardness and longer time to reach peak hardness 20h about., and the ultimate tensile strength is 345MPa at 140°C for 34h, higher 15% than that of as-extruded

Prestressed concrete beams with vertically distributed FRP tendons possess some flexural performance obviously different from prestressed concrete beams with steel tendons. This paper provides a complete theoretical approach to analyze and evaluate the flexural behavior of prestressed concrete beams with FRP tendons. Calculation and analysis results show that a prestressed concrete beam with FRP tendons designed at balanced ratio reaches the maximum of its deformability. The increase of prestressing ratio and number of reinforcement layer will increase, respectively, its moment capacity but simultaneously decrease its deformability.

The multi-cycle recovery of heavy crude oil thermal by steam injection and stimulation has serious effects on the integrity of cementing sheath. At present, the class G oil well cement with silica sands, less resistant to high temperatures, does not meet the quality of the heavy crude oil well cementation and requirements of recovery and production. The laboratory results show that Aluminates cement has the characteristics of high early strength; meanwhile, it can maintain strength and stability in a long-term under the circulation of high and low temperature conditions. However, its hydration product C3AH6, which makes it a sharp recession in intensity at low temperature, limits its application. According to the clinker selection and compounding with the main item of Aluminates cement indoor experimentation, there comes out a new type of cement binder which generates C3ASH4 and other stable phase within rounds of high and low temperature cueing, and made the crystal structure of cement in dense arrangement. With this method, cement hydration structure can be maintained with a long-term stability; and it has the value of further development.

Springback is the prominent problem in bending forming of sheet metal, which is difficult to control accurately, especially for the bending plate with complicated shapes. In this paper, the scheme of intelligent bending control system of wide quadrangle plate was proposed by using the neural network technology, and the experimental system of sheet bending intelligent control was also established. The key contents of the experimental system are real-time acquisition and control to signal, which is the technical support for achieving intelligent control of sheet bending successfully, including monitoring, collection, processing and control to signal. Control system and signal acquisition of intelligent bending for wide quadrangle plate was developed in this paper by using the virtual instrument technology and LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench) as system control software. The experimental results show that the error of side-wall angle and flange angle of plate after springback is small, which indicates that the control system of intelligent bending with the signal acquisition and control system as the core is feasible.

In the flocculation treatment of oilfield sewage, cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), which was synthesized by the copolymerization of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DMDAAC), acrylamide(AM), and acrylic acid(AA), will react with the residue of oil displacement agent, causing the quick crimp of its linear-molecular-structure chain and deteriorating the flocculating effects. In order to solve the problem, cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) was grafted by a cationic-terminated spheroidal-molecular-structure hyperbranched polymer (CHP), which was synthesized by introducing methacryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride (DMC) into a kind of amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer. Both CPAM and grafted CPAM were used in flocculation treatment of simulated ASP oilfield sewage. The comparison results in flocculating effects indicated that the flocculating effect of grafted CPAM is greater than CPAM, its optimal dosage is 12.5mg/L, and its transmittance of the treated sewage reached 98.6%.

Hot compression tests of the homogenized Mg-Zn-Nd-Cd-Zr magnesium alloy were performed on Gleeble-1500 at temperatures between 300 °Cand 420 °C and at strain rates ranging from 0.001 to 1 s-1 with maximum strain of 0.8. The microstructure of the experimental alloy in the hot-compression procedure at elevated temperatures was observed by OM (optical microscope) and TEM (transmission electron microscope). The results provide the experimental basis for selecting hot wrought conditions of the alloy. The peak flow stress becomes larger with the increasing strain rate at constant temperature, and gets smaller with the increasing deformation temperature at constant strain rate. The deformation activation energy increases greatly in the range of higher than 420°C, and no more change in the range of 340-380°C. The alloy can be extruded successfully at 360°C with of δb 310 Mpa, δ2 of 290Mpa, and δof 16%。

Thin films of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) attached to an ITO surface (SAM–ITO) self-assembled in advance from 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane through amide covalent bonds were prepared. The SWNTs were safely obtained via a two-step process assisted by microwave radiation, which were soluble in aqueous and organic media. However, the CV behavior of SAM–ITO in acidic aqueous systems showed unexpected oxidation signals due to redox reactions involving the defects and sidewalls of soluble functionalized SWNTs. It was found that, after a conductive polymer of polyaniline was chemically incorporated onto the surface of the SWNTs by using electropolymerization method, the CV data showed a single reversible redox couple, which indicated a more stable state.

Polyaniline–C60nanoshuttle composites have been successfully synthesized by the oxidative polymerization of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate in the presence of C60using an interfacial reaction at room temperature, in which the molar ratio of oxidant to monomer was kept at 0.25:1. The influence of initial C60/aniline molar ratio on the supramolecular structure of the composites was studied. It was found that at low molar ratio (0.01:1) amorphous powders could be synthesized, while the as-synthesized products at the higher molar ratio (0.04:1) were shuttle-like superstructures. FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopy confirmed the presence of C60in the resultant nanocomposite and suggested significant interaction of polyaniline with C60. The evolution of supramolecular structure of polyaniline nanoshuttle–C60nanocomposites was discussed.

The oils studied in this work were three typical oils, sampled from Daqing, Jilin, Liaohe Oil Fields and marked with 1#, 2#, 3# respectively, with wax contents 20.06%, 26.2%, 32.9% separately. The effects of PPD on WATs, abnormal points, pour points, rheological properties and wax-crystal morphology were studied in detail in this paper. The results of experiments indicated that PPD lowers WATs and abnormal points, and decreases the viscosities of crude oils when they are non-Newtonian fluids. In wax-crystallization peak area, both high shear rate and increase of cooling rate make the effects of PPD decrease and the viscosity of oil increase. When 1# sample is reheated to some temperature below 50°C (for 2#, below 70°C), the effects of PPD reduce. With the increase of PPD’s dosage, the crystal size gets smaller and the dispersibility becomes better.

The Mg(OH)2-based peroxide bleaching process of Nigra poplar CTMP pulp was confirmed. The optimal bleaching condition were as follows: 4% H2O2,1% Mg(OH)2, 15% pulp consistency, the reaction temperature was 80°C and the suitable reaction time was 2 hours. The Mg(OH)2-based bleaching process shows significant benefits over sodium hydroxide process. In contrast, magnesium hydroxide bleaching generates higher pulp yield and lower effluent COD at the same chemical dosage. The study shows peroxide bleaching of CTMP pulp with magnesium hydroxide as alkali source is to be an option for the high-yield pulp bleaching.

The effect of stepped solution treatment on the mechanical properties and the microstructure of AA7085 have been investigated compared to AA7050. Optical and electron microscopy observation and electron probe microanalysis were used to analyze the microstructure and tensile fracture surface of AA7085 and AA7050 processed via various treatment schedules. Besides, X-ray diffractometer and differential scanning calorimeter were used to seek the differences of microstructure characters between AA7085 and AA7050. The results indicate that higher content of Zn along with lower content of Mg and Cu and strictly confined Fe and Si made the matrix of AA7085 get a larger single phase and a higher melting temperature of multi-phase eutectics. By using a lower temperature pretreatment, the initial melting temperature of the alloys can be increased. Consequently complete dissolution of remnant constituents was achieved without overheating. Based on thermodynamics statistic theory, the supersaturation degree of the matrix and the density of cavity may be increased with the elevation of the lattermost solution temperature, which resultes in the increase of fracture toughness and optimization of the microstructure after aging.

In this paper, we explore the methods of VR(virtual reality) technology in conservation of traditional settlement. Take ancient village of Shanggantang in Jiangyong county of hunan province as a case, The digital information and data were collected based on field investigations, local survey and mapping. After data filtering and geometry modelling in three-dimension modelling software, a virtual village of ancient Shanggantang was built and a fly-through enabled scene was realized by VR technology, several browsing modes were supported to promote immersion. And provide scientific and intuitive basis of their protection and development.

The effect of stepped solution treatment on the mechanical properties and the microstructure of AA7085 have been investigated compared to AA7050. Optical and electron microscopy observation and electron probe microanalysis were used to analyze the microstructure and tensile fracture surface of AA7085 and AA7050 processed via various treatment schedules. Besides, X-ray diffractometer and differential scanning calorimeter were used to seek the differences of microstructure characters between AA7085 and AA7050. The results indicate that higher content of Zn along with lower content of Mg and Cu and strictly confined Fe and Si made the matrix of AA7085 get a larger single phase and a higher melting temperature of multi-phase eutectics. By using a lower temperature pretreatment, the initial melting temperature of the alloys can be increased. Consequently complete dissolution of remnant constituents was achieved without overheating. Based on thermodynamics statistic theory, the supersaturation degree of the matrix and the density of cavity may be increased with the elevation of the lattermost solution temperature, which resultes in the increase of fracture toughness and optimization of the microstructure after aging.

Springback is the prominent problem in bending forming of sheet metal, which is difficult to control accurately, especially for the complex shaped bending parts. The change of friction conditions will cause significant changes of bending springback amount. The theoretical analytical model of quadrangle parts bending, which takes into account of the harden ability, anisotropy and elastic deformation of material, is proposed in this paper based on the plane deformation assumption and the bending theory of sheet metal, the quadrangle parts bending of wide sheet is analyzed theoretically, the approximate calculation relational expression is derived between friction coefficient and springback angle, and the influence of friction on springback is discussed. In the same conditions, the springback result deduced from theoretical formula is basically consistent with numerical simulation and experiment result.

Mobilization production is an effective model to respond to emergency situation, which can organize all kinds of production resources and enlarge production capacity in short time. The design of mobilization production plan needs numerous data and to be revised repeatedly. Therefore, it is very difficult for the traditional design approach to work out right results and forecast the performance of mobilization production plan. A parametric simulation modeling approach is presented in this paper to solve those problems. The approach separates the control logic from modeling elements through creating simulation database, typical model base and control logic base. A model generator is built to automatically create the finial simulation model based on those kinds of bases. The simulation software of AutoMod is applied to realize the modeling process above. Finally, a case study is presented to illustrate the application of the proposed approach.

The effect of different parameters on SO2 absorption was investigated in a semi-batchwise bubbling stirring reactor. From the experimental results, an increase of the gas flow, which substantially decreased the residence time of the gas in liquid, led to a quick reduce of the time of 100% removal efficiency of SO2. The addition of CaCO3 increased the removal efficiency of SO2 significantly. With increasing the concentration of CaCO3, the time of SO2=100% was almost increased linearly. The increase of the stirring speed prolonged the time of SO2=100% at first, but when beyond a certain value, no further effect of the stirring speed was observed, which showed that the mass transfer of SO2 in slurry was controlled by both gas and liquid mass transfer. Citric acid displays a good buffer action on SO2 absorption. The addition of citrate prolonged the time in which the SO2 removal efficiency remained high valves.