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It is urgent for agricultural and forestry wastes (AFWS) to be handled efficiently as the generations of them are increasing rapidly in China. The paper studied the bacterial community variations in composting of AFWS with different three microbial agents by PCR-DGGE. Three microbial agents in the research werePhanerochaete chrysosporium(PC) ,Coriolus versicolor(CV) and GP (agent developed from laboratory with high lignocellulose degradation ability). DGGE profiles indicated that the populations of bacteria reduced from warming period to high-temperature phase fistly, then increased till cooling period, and finally descended during maturity period for all the composting treatments. The populations of bacteria in composting with GP innoculation keeped on a high level during high-temperature phase, cooling period and maturity period. In the early phase of the high temperature composting, Bacillus sp., Uncultured Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Uncultured Pseudomonas sp., Micrococcus sp., Brevibacterium, Sphingomonas sp., Aminobacter aminovorans and Uncultured Acinetobacter sp.were rich, and became the dominant flora of the period. The number of the same dominant flora in AFWS composting with GP and CV innoculations was the most during the high-temperature phase. Simultaneously, the number of the same dominant flora in AFWS composting with GP and PC innoculations was the most during cooling period. Therefore, GP has a good prospect in AFWS composting process for resource utilization.

Carbon dioxide plays important role in various spheres of the Earth system (lithosphere, soil, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere) for material of storage, transformation, transfer and interaction. In the research, two approached to measure CO2flux at soil surface and in profiles was carried out in situ in arid area. The background CO2concentration was 323.49 ± 21.36 × 10-6(volume fraction) in the surface of the atmosphere, and there are seasonal and diurnal change in the carbon dioxide concentration. For CO2flux between soil and atmosphere, the average CO2flux was 230.05 μmol·m-2·h-1 from the four kind soils, and CO2flux exhibited seasonal and diurnal variations too. For CO2flux from soil (the chestnut soil, sierozem soil, fragmental soil, and gray-cinnamon soil) that was exposed to air, CO2flux increased when soil from 0–60 cm depth was exposed but decreased when soil at 61–70 cm depth was exposed. The results show that 1) vegetation characteristics and temperature greatly affect CO2concentrationat the soil surface; 2) CO2may be released from the soil into the atmosphere at 254.6 t·km-2·yr-1if the soil at 0–70 cm depth is exposed to the air because of a change in land use or land cover; 3) the soil may absorbed CO2when plants were not growing in northern hemisphere; 4) The differences in the distribution of heat energy on the Earth's surface indicate a mechanism by which soil can regulate the concentration of CO2in the atmosphere of temperate-arid regions in northern hemisphere.

An approach is described for thein situmeasurement of CO2flux at various depths in arid soil. In this method, a sampling tube is inserted to the desired soil depth in a pre-drilled hole, and an infrared CO2gas analyzer connected to the sampling tube is used to quantify CO2(based on absorption of CO2by infrared rays). In a preliminary test, the method was used to quantify CO2concentration and flux in an arid grassland soil. The results indicated that it could be used to quantify CO2flux in soil from 0–200 cm depths , and should be useful for estimating CO2flux and storage at different soil depths, for estimating the change in CO2emission from soil caused by change in land-use/land-cover, for assessing the rate of restoration of soil fertility and other soil properties in arid soils, and for monitoring leakage from geological storage of CO2.

To explore purification approach of anaerobic-digested-slurry from cattle dung, this study translated a technology in inorganic coagulation. Under the same condition, a coagulation experiment was carried out by three kinds inorganic coagulants such as polyaluminium chloride (PAC), aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride, respectively, then measured indicators of pH value, BOD5 value, CODcr value, ammonia nitrogen value, turbidity value. Results showed that there was a varying degree of purification effect, and the removal rate of the above indicators increased as the coagulant dosage increasing, the ferric chloride with the dosage of 960mg/L was the best one in purifying effect among the three coagulants. It is feasible that coagulation technology was used to pretreatment biogas slurry from cattle dung, and most of the indicators reached Chinese national standard basically (GB 18596-2001).

The generations of agricultural and forestry wastes (AFWS) are increasing rapidly with developments of agriculture and forestry in China, and AFWS are commonly treated by composting. The objective of this work was to explore the effect of different microbial agents on biodegradation of AFWS. Three microbial agents in the research werePhanerochaete chrysosporium(PC) ,Coriolus versicolor(CV) and GP (agent developed from laboratory with high lignocellulose degradation ability). All the composts inoculated the different microbial agents matured in 58 days. Compared with CK(without exogenous micro agent), composts with micro agents inoculated increased the duration of high-temperature fermentation period, reduced the maturity time, and increased lignocellulose degradation rate. PC and GP inoculated to AFWS produced the higher quality compost with respect to C/N ratio, GI, pH, total organic carbon (TOC) content, and humic acid content.

The development of information technology into the areas of military technology which will impact importantly on the future battles. The comprehensive understanding and mastering the role of information technology in combat and combat theory which better the properties of information on command and control systems performance greatly improve the joint operational capability.

A rapid development of intensive livestock and poultry, results in a large number of Aquaculture wastes, it is increasing important that timely consumptive farming wastes, and reduces environmental pollution on protection ecological environment and improving recycling agriculture. In this study, cattle, pigs, sheep, chickens and ducks five categories manure were as material, and it carried out that microbial agents used in compost, equipment, process and control software, and especially passivation of heavy metal residues in manure, degradation technology of estrogen and antibiotics of pollutants. As final, two kind products such as a high—quality organic fertilizer and gardening products, were produced with a better benefits on economic, ecological and social.

Repetition pulses with sub-microsecond arising time, high voltage and large current, have been widely utilized in the field of production and scientific research, in which the gas spark switch is usually selected because of the large state current and the high operating voltage. However, due to the recovery property of gas ionization, it is hard to get the repeated switch-on and switch-off at a high rate towards the conventional gas spark switch. Owing to the reliably triggering and faster arising time, the hydrogen thyratron is found to be more suitable for the switch to generate the repetition pulses at a high rate. In this paper we proposed a novel design of repetition pulses, in which it gets a several times high voltage output based on the inductive-adder, by using the hydrogen thyratron switch with a low operating voltage, and then we analyze the magnetic field distribution under the structure of the coaxial cable and describe the design of high voltage repetition pulses in details

The design of a scanning magnet power-supply used in a 10MeV industrial radiation accelerator is presented in this paper. The consideration of linear magnetic field current and the principle of triangle wave modulator are included. In addition, the control system based on single chip and its anti-jamming scheme in industrial circumstance are also introduced. The scanning magnet power-supply can produce continuous triangle waveform current. The frequency can be adjusted by step length of 1Hz ranged from 20Hz to 50Hz, and the peak-to-peak current is 20A.

In this paper, a novel composite material of Acrylonitrile-Butadlene-Styrene resin (ABS)-based fabric coated with Cu/Ni-P was prepared via chemical redox plating technique. A series of such composite materials with varying thickness of Cu and Ni-P showed remarkable electromagnetic shielding ability. With the increase of Cu thickness, the shielding effect (SE) increased gradually, but leveled off after 1.5μm at a SE of about 70dB. Similarly, with the increase of the depth of Ni-P coats, the SE showed a trendency of gradual increase, and leveled off after 1.0μm at a SE of about 45dB. The optimum ABS/Cu/Ni-P was Cu 1.5μm and Ni-P 1.0μm unilaterally. The ABS/Cu/Ni-P composite material possessed excellent shielding ability in the range of 0.001-1000MHz at a stable SE of >80dB, and it also possessed ideal shielding effect in the range of >36GHz. But in the range of 10-18GHz, the shielding effect is slightly decreased gradually to about 60dB. So the ABS/Cu/Ni-P fabric composite is an ideal candidate for electromagnetic shielding material at low and high frequency radiations.

This paper presents a self motion and rotation video nodes coverage algorithm. Through software simulation and calculation, building hardware experiment platform, the block field and the overlapped field avoid experiments, It shows that the algorithm can makes the node identify and avoid the block field itself, avoid block and towards the angle of rotation, and reduce the neighbor node area of ​​the overlapped field, and obtain better coverage rate and monitoring results. It enhanced the underlying control techniques for the wireless sensor networks and self-organizing ability, so as to make the wireless sensor network more suitable for the battlefield environment.