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Hafnium and Hydrogen co-doped indium oxide films (IHFO:H) were prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology. The effect of hydrogen-donor dopant on the structural, optical and electrical properties of the films was investigated systematically. The resistivity of the IHFO:H film decreased by 2.4×10-4 Ω cm and the mobility improved by 8.2 cm2/Vs compared with Hafnium oxide doped indium oxide film. Employing the IHFO:H film as an electrode for a solar cell can improve efficiency.

Struck axle is a critical component of truck that bears the auto-body weight and load weight. Fatigue life safety is the primary consideration in the design process of axle. With the development of environmental protection concept of energy saving and emission reduction, lightweight design of vehicles becomes more and more urgent. It has been becoming a mainstream trend for design to ensure both safety and significantly reduce the weight of axle. Based on the basic truck axle structure design, revised designs with thickness-reduced were proposed to reduce the weight of truck axle .Both basic and modified design were modeled using Abaqus 3D software to calculate the stress and strain contours in the case of vertical load and axial torque, then fatigue life contours of models for each load case were calculated with the help of Brown-Miner biaxial fatigue theory. It was shown by the research that topology-optimization of truck axle, under a premise of qualified fatigue life and stiffness required by customers, can reduce the weight of two kinds of truck axles by 15.3% and 18.1% respectively.

The aim of this paper is to obtain the Cu-Sn-PTFE composite coating with wear-resistant and antifriction properties, which can improve the comprehensive performance of Cu-Sn coating and satisfy the self-lubricating property in special working condition. This coating was prepared by pulse current on the basis of non-cyanide pyrophosphate-stannate Cu-Sn plating bath. The effect of PTFE content on the microstructure, composition, microhardness, and tribological properties were analyzed and compared in detail. Results show that with appropriate PTFE content, the composite coating of Cu-Sn-PTFE displays preferable low friction and anti-wear behavior.

In this work, crystal structure, magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect of Nd0.7Gd0.3Mn2Si2 alloy were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Nd0.7Gd0.3Mn2Si2 crystallizes in ThCr2Si2-typed structure with space group I4/mmm, in which the Nd, Gd, Mn and Si atoms occupy 2a (0, 0, 0), 2a (0, 0, 0), 4d (0, 1/2, 1/4) and 4e (0, 0, 0.38261) position, respectively. The Curie temperature (Tc) of Nd0.7Gd0.3Mn2Si2 alloy is 42 K, while the spin reorientation temperature (TSR) is 26 K and the Nel temperature (TN) is 410 K. The Tc and TN were determined using PPMS and DSC, respectively. The maximum value of the magnetic entropy change (-Smax) in the field change of 0-5 T is 11.862 J/kg K, while the value of relative cooling power (RCP) in Nd0.7Gd0.3Mn2Si2 alloy is 69.666 J/kg under the field change of 5 T.

The Fe-RE (RE=Gd, Tb, Dy, Lu) binary systems with the experimental data of phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties in the published literature were reviewed firstly. Based on available phase equilibria data and thermodynamic data, the Fe-RE (RE=Gd, Tb, Dy, Lu) binary systems were assessed thermodynamically using the CALPHAD method. As a result, further experimental investigations and thermodynamic calculations would be both required in order to develop thermodynamic database of the RE-Fe-B ternary systems, which is very useful to study the relations between alloy compositions, microstructure and magnetic properties of novel Nd-Fe-B-based permanent magnets.

To improve the oxidation resistance and insulation of tungsten electronic device at high temperature, an AlPO4/Al2O3 composite coating was synthesized on the tungsten substrate by sol-gel method. The morphology of coating was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Compared to the blank specimens, the coated ones exhibit excellent oxidation resistance and insulation at about 1100, which can be attributed to the compact coating without porosity and crack. Up to 1200, the effects of coating became dramatically poor. The electron conductivity mechanism was discussed.

Modifications of red mud for activating available silicon (Si) by phosphates were carried on in this paper. And then the modified red mud materials were used to stabilize Cd in an ore soil. Results indicated that phosphates efficiently increase the content of available Si in red mud. In the stabilization, exchange Cd was decreased by 90.97% when using 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified red mud, which was better than using raw re mud as the decrease was 77.08%. In rice pot soil, increases of residue Cd were positively correlated with the increases of available Si (P

In this work, the microstructure, crystal structure and magnetic properties of (Nd0.7Pr0.15RE0.15)2.28Fe13.58B1.14 (RE=La, Ce, Y) alloys prepared by arc-melting were investigated experimentally. The experimental results show that all alloys annealed at 1173 K for 360 hrs contain the isotropic Nd2Fe14B structure phase. The coercivities (Hc) of (Nd0.7Pr0.15RE0.15)2.28Fe13.58B1.14 (RE=La, Ce, Y) melt-spun ribbons are 12.3 kOe, 13.2 kOe, 8.5 kOe, and the Curie temperatures (Tc) of annealed (Nd0.7Pr0.15RE0.15)2.28Fe13.58B1.14 (RE=La, Ce, Y) alloys are 569 K, 552 K and 576 K, respectively. Meanwhile, the remanences (Br) of (Nd0.7Pr0.15RE0.15)2.28Fe13.58B1.14 (RE=La, Ce, Y) melt-spun ribbons are about 67 emu/g, 74 emu/g and 72 emu/g, respectively. It was indicated that the coercivity, remanence and Curie temperatures of (Nd0.7Pr0.15RE0.15)2.28Fe13.58B1.14 alloys are dependent on light rare earth elements.

Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by modified Hummer’s method, and reduced by solvothermal method using ethanol as the solvent and modified diethylene triamine (amine curing agent 593) as reducing agent and modifier. The effect of reduction time and temperature on the structure and conductive property of reduced graphene oxide (593-rGO) was investigated by SEM, FT-IR and XRD. The results show that the graphene modified by 593 is obviously improved in dispersibility and sedimentation stability in dichloromethane, as well as in conductivity. The optimal reduction processing is that the mass ratio of GO to 593 is 2:1, the reduction time and temperature is 6 h and 160°C, respectively.

This paper describes the function and working principle of the bubble generator of cyclonic static micro-bubble flotation column, the structure of the bubble generator is introduced for the nozzle, induction chamber, pipe, microvoid baffle, diffusion tube, and air suction pipe.Reuse of tailing is a high technology content, environmentally friendly and resources recycle emerging industry. Comprehensive utilization and governance of tailing can bring obvious social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefits, resource conservation and development is a long-term strategic policy which benefits national economy sustainable development.

CdS quantum dots/ Boron and Nitrogen co-doped TiO2 photocatalyst emulsions were synthesized by a complexation-controlled hydrolysis method at room temperature. Boron compounds and Nitrogen compounds were added to TiO2 precursor solution, and CdS quantum dots were attached to TiO2 particles surfaces by using chemical reaction. The hybird composite photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis. Their photocatalytic properties were evaluated through the degradation of acid red 3R dye. The results indicate that when TiO2 emulsion add to Boron ions, Nitrogen ions, and CdS quantum dots, the photocatalytic performance of the emulsion is the best.

The direct difference method is used for solving the heat conduction equation, and simulate the solidification process of T-type cast. The effect of the thermal resistance at cast/mold on distribution of temperature and the solidification rate of corner region is studied. The results show that during the solidification process of T-type, the riser region first solidified, followed by the right half, finally the solidified part was around the corner. With the decrease of the thermal resistance at cast/mold, the temperature of the corner area decreased more quickly and the solidification rate increased. In the actual design process, the material with the good thermal conductivity should be selected for the cast mold to accelerate the solidification rate of the corner region, so the solidification rate of the corner and riser region tend towards harmony, which reducing the formation of various types of defects, and the quality and mechanical properties of the casts were improved.

In this artical, we chose three key heavy mental pollutants from all kinds of pharmaceutical wastewaters: zinc, cadmium and mercury to study their effects on three antioxidant enzymes of Paramecium caudatum: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), Catalase (CAT). Results show that three pollutants can cause activity of three antioxidant enzymes significant changing. But the trends of POD are different from that of SOD and CAT. This result shows that there maybe a different protect mechanism between CAT, SOD and POD.

Tuyere raceway was known as the "engine" of the blast furnace, which plays a very important role, but it is very difficult to be directly measured and researched, because of limitation of experimental methods. In this paper application of kinetic theory of granular flow,coke particles as a pseudo-fluid, the two-phase raceway model of gas-solid was constructed by used of Eulerian two-fluid theory, and the model was verified correct.

In order to solve the difficulty of how nanoTiO2 could penetrate and fixate in polypropylene fiber, the study was carried out by using supercritical CO2 as an assistant method. According to the experiments, the stable nanoTiO2 dispersion could be obtained by the following process. Mixed nanoTiO2, penetrant JFC, polyethylene glycol and ethanol together under the mass ratio of 10:2:1:600, adjusted the pH value to 11, and ultrasonic dispersed for 30mins. Then the PP non-woven fabric was immersed in this solution for 10mins, followed by the treatment with the assistance of supercritical CO2. The optimum process was achieved after three single factor experiments. The reaction time was 40mins, pressure was 30MPa and temperature was 100°C. After treatment, the content of nanoTiO2 in 100g PP non-woven fabric could reach 4.43g, the percentage of the washed residue was 3.42g and the loss rate was 26.3%. nanoTiO2 could penetrate and fixate very well in PP fiber.

In this paper, the technique of drilling process with picosecond(ps) laser is studiedinAl2O3 ceramics. The defocus method is used to drill the ceramic slice, which is able to improve thedrilling ratio of depth to diameter.It is found out that the best location ofthis ps-laser is about0.15mm under the lower surface of workpiece,demonstrating the difference from nanosecond(ns)-laser machinein the respective ofdefocusing.The impact of the power and the processing speed isinvestigated on the quality of the drilling. For ps-laser machine,a smaller and high qualitythrough-holeis achievable by increasing the power of laser and reducing the speed of process, withthe ratio of depth to diameter from 3.12 to 4.27.The ratio can be further increased upto 6.25,throughoptimization of these three parameters: defocusing amount, laser power and laser processing speed.

Carbon-coated nickel nanoparticles were synthesized by solvothermal method in 1-buty-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoraborate ionic liquid. The obtained products are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The magnetic properties of carbon-coated nickel nanoparticles have been investigated by vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). It was found that the carbon-coated nickel nanoparticles showed excellent magnetic properties. The present route may give researchers more choices for preparing other carbon-coated transition metal nanoparticles.

The reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to corresponding azoxy compounds with sodium borohydride was catalyzed by BiO(OH)/actived carbon (AC), which was prepared by equivalent-volume impregnation. The influences of catalyst, sodium borohydride and sodium hydroxide amount were investigated with 10 mmol of nitrobenzene as substrate in methanol at room temperature. The suitable reaction conditions are as follows: 0.2 g of catalyst, 10 mmol of sodium borohydride and 0.1 g of sodium hydroxide. Under the conditions, the seven aromatic nitro compounds were reduced to corresponding azoxy compounds with 27%-90% yields. Moreover, slight deactivation was observed after nine cycles of the catalyst.

In recent years, a large proportion of reservoir works in Jiangxi province have emerged different kinds of new diseases, which not only hold back the benefit but also affect the safety of these projects, to some extent. Based on investigating the present situation of dams in Jiangxi province and analyzing the reasons for deterioration condition in reservoir works, the main disease for hydraulic concrete structure of ill-dangerous dams is divided into several typical types and the characteristics of the existing problems are given as well as some control measures.

New red phosphorescent material, (E)-2-(4-fluorostyryl) benzo [d] thiazole (4-FSBT) iridium (III) dibenzoylmethane (DBM) complex [(4-FSBT)2Ir (DBM)] is synthesized from 2-methyl benzothiazole, 4-fluorobenzaldehyde, iridium trichloride anhydrate and DBM. The complex is characterized by MS and 1H-NMR. (4-FSBT)2Ir (DBM) gives a photoluminescence at 625.8nm, phosphorescent quantum yield: Φ(4-FSBT)2Ir (DBM) = 0.2 and EHOMO = -4.7 eV, ELUMO = -2.5eV, respectively. The complex may be a promising electrophosphorescent material.

In this study, three bio-electrokinetic remediation experiments were carried out to study the external delivery of oil-degrading bacteria by electrokinetics and enzyme activities in saturated soil. Results showed that the oil-degrading bacteria could efficiently transport to the saturated oil-contaminated soil by electrophoresis and/or electroosmosis. Bacterial population increased from 6.02-7.75 log (CFU/g) in the control experiment to 8.53-12.83 log (CFU/g) after external bacterial delivery. Under unidirectional operation, the bacterial populations near the electrodes were lower than those in the middle of the soil as a result of unfavorable pH environments. In bidirectional experiment BEK-B, a relatively low bacterial population in the middle of the soil was observed after the experiment. The activities of catalase, polyphenol oxidase, and dehydrogenase have similar trends with bacterial population in the soil, indicating a good relation between the three enzymes and oil biodegradation of oil in soil.

The relationship between heat treatment processes and grinding performance of cold die steel 9Mn2V had been built in this paper. Serious meshy segregation of carbide, excessive amounts of retained austenite, coarse and inhomogeneous distribution of material structure were significant causes of grinding burn and grinding crack. In order to improve the abrasion-resistance and mechanical properties of workpiece material, cryogenic and tempering treatment were added. Disappear of meshy segregation of carbide, network carbide was within second grade, retained austenite content was within 4%, martensite became much more fine and homogeneous, all of these advantages could be obtained by adopting cryogenic and tempering treatment in twice. The grinding experiment results indicated that workpiece material 9Mn2V which using this process could provide superior grinding performance.

The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of furnace temperature and load after blending in lignite, based on CFD software FLUENT-6.3,this paper choose the appropriate geometry model and the physical and mathematical models, and numerical simulation of the different conditions 600MW supercritical once-through boiler blending lignite furnace combustion process is curried out. And through a 600MW supercritical coal-fired boiler furnace lignite blended performed sections thermodynamic calculation under different conditions, worked out the furnace flue gas temperature, CO, CO2concentration distribute trend and radiant heat each section surface heat load conditions. The specific amount were blended with 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% were not dried lignite and dried lignite 20% after five conditions. And obtained a conclusion is the temperature and radiation heating surface flue gas heat load in the overall trend under the various conditions.

Bio-electrokinetic remediation of oil-contaminated soil is a promising technology. In this study, three bio-electrokinetic remediation experiments were carried out to study the effects of external addition of oil-degrading bacteria by electrokinetics and different operational parameters on oil decontamination in saturated soil. Results showed that oil in soil migrated from the anode towards the cathode with forward electroosmotic flow and accumulated near the cathode. Oil was barely degraded without external addition of oil-degrading bacteria. Although electrolytes were refreshed every 12 hr, soil pH varied greatly at the electrodes under unidirectional operation. When electrode polarity was reversed every 2 hr, soil pH was efficiently controlled within the range of 6.35-9.75. The relative oil concentrations after the bidirectional experiment were in the range of 0.81-0.84 after 20 days of treatment. The relatively low oil degradation rate may be due to the facultative aerobic environment in the saturated soil matrix.

Euler-Lagrange method is adopted to simulate 3-D viscous turbulent flow field of a one-stage gas turbine. Gas-solid two-way coupling is realized to analyze the trajectories and slip of 1000 beam particles, with diameter 5~50μm, then calculate the mass erosion rate based on the impact velocity and attack angles. Simulation exhibits: erosion wear is mainly caused by impact of larger particles (>10μm), erosion areas are mainly concentrated on the roots of pressure surface entrance of static blade and on the rear pressure surface of rotor blade. Comparing experiments are conducted between the substrate of X20Cr13 and the specimen with steel-bead injection. Experiment indicates: the attack angle corresponding to the maximal mass loss for substrate is about 40°, while the steal-bead injection is about 50°. Within the scope of the attack angle 20°~80°, the mass loss of the reinforced specimen is obviously less than that of the substrate, and under other angles of attack, the two kinds of material’s erosion tolerance are close to each other.

The equipment for two-color camouflage mode stone chip coated roof tiles is designed as an improvement on the equipment of single-color coated steel roof tiles, which uses two different colors (color 1 and color 2) contained in a certain funnel to replace the original single color funnel. The feedings of the stone chips Qsc1 and Qsc2 are separately controlled by the motor Mr1 and Mr2 but are interconnected. When the feeding amount of stone chip color 1, Qsc1, is designed to change in sinusoidal, the feeding amount of stone chip color 2, Qsc2, is controlled by Qsc1, but the total amount Qsc1+Qsc2 is kept be a constant at any time. In this way, a colorful coating with a uniform thickness can be obtained. The amplitude and frequency of the parameter in the sine wave represent the contrast and the hue of the camouflage coated steel roof tiles.

The objective of power system planning is to meet the requirements of the customers of the power supply bureau in a region. In addition, a good system planning is helpful to the construction, operation and power supply of a power system. Using a simulation tool is much more convenient than relying on experience or the pure analysis in theory for power system planning. In this paper a method of system planning by simulation is discussed through a certain case. Based on the results of experiments, it is shown that this is an efficient way to make a power system plan.

There are advantages such as real time, quick, multi-constituents simultaneous measurement, green and no pollution, and so on, of using near infrared spectral method to detect concentration information of dairy products constituents. From time domain and frequency domain, near infrared spectral data mining methods based on orthogonality were separately researched to realize noise filtering and useful information extracting. For milk spectrum, methods in the time domain including Orthogonal Signal Correction and Direct Orthogonalization, Wavelet Transform de-noising method in the frequency domain, were separately explored and used in spectral preprocessing, PLS method was used to build calibration model, and processing effect of different data mining methods was compared with and analyzed. It is showed that in the time domain, using the orthogonality methods to make data mining for milk spectrum, the complex interfering signal and noise information uncorrelated with the measured constituents can be can reduced effectively, and the correlated information with the measured constituents is reserved in maximal limitation, prediction capability of calibration model is improved, furthermore, the Orthogonal Signal Correction method is better than the Direct Orthogonalization method, moreover, in the frequency domain, wavelet de-noising is better than the orthogonality methods within the time domain.

There are various evaluation indicators in command information system. It is important to determine the weight of each indicator because it has a direct impact on the final result for evaluation and decision making. The reasonable and accurate attribute weight is helpful to ascertain the status or effect on the policy decision. With analyzing the deficiency of attribute weighting algorithms based on the rough sets theory, the new attribute weight algorithm is proposed in the paper. The proposed algorithm considers objective weight and subjective weight. The objective weight includes three factors, named as the importance of the attribute itself, the increment of mutual information, and its own information entropy. The subjective weight is obtained by the experts with prior knowledge in the field. Experiment results prove that the new method not only overcomes the deficiency of the existing weight methods, but also is more in line with the actual situation.

One of the most important ways to enhance the speed of state estimation is to establish the constant matrix Jacobian. This essay puts forward a new type of orthogonal transformation state estimation method based on Generalized Tellegen's theorem. This paper uses orthogonal transformation method to improve state estimation’s numerical stability, and makes the algorithm enjoy an ideal convergence. Moreover, it has strong compatibility of various distribution measurements. The method put forward in this essay has been verified through IEEE-30 Node System, and the efficiency of it has been fully proved by the example results.

This paper mainly addresses a novel control law with rigidity matrix based on three co-leaders minimally persistent formations in the plane. This control law particularly considers the fault tolerance of the leaders, and in this way, the three co-leaders model is better than leader-first follower model, leader-remote follower model, etc. in persistent formation. Firstly, the first order kinematic model is adopted for every agent. Then the fundamental moving principal of the leaders and the followers are described in detail. On the basis of these principals, the control law with the rigidity matrix for the whole formation is proposed. Moreover, the stability analysis is also supplied. Finally, simulations show that the proposed controllers ensure the group formation stabilized to maintain the rigid shape, while the distances between the agents remain unchanged.

Based on ecological footprint model, this paper calculated the ecological footprint and the ecological carrying capacity and ecological surplus of 2000 ~ 2012 years in Xining,the results showed that the current land use in Xining City is the absolute ecological deficit,which indicate that the land development in Xining is being away from the sustainability .

The steam gasification experiment of FJC lignite, BL lignite, SH bituminous and TT anthracite were carried out by using an own design WFSM-3060TL Catalyst Evaluation Unit apparatus. The infulence of coal rank on the steam gasification activity was investigated. Experiment conditions: heating rate:15°C/min (25°C-500°C), 2°C/min (500°C-850°C). The resuts show that gasification of lignite is better. With the deepening of coal rank, the steam gasifiction reactivity of coal samples decreases obviously, the higher the coal rank is, the worse the gasification reactivity is.