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A problem of quadrotor’s control system based on DSP is investigated in this paper. STMS320F28335 is used as the main processer, due to its advantages of high-speed processing capability and powerful floating point processing capability. The inertial measurement unit is selected for inner-loop attitude control, while the optical flow sensor is adopted for outer-loop attitude compensation. Infrared range finder is choosed for altitude control with PID method. Quadrotor uses XBee-Pro wireless module to contact with ground station and sends statement information in accordance with the Mavlink protocol. Test results show that the control system is reliable and can meet the requirement of the attitude control system.

This paper designed an analog control circuit which can automatically track the sun for PV bracket system to improve the solar cell photo-electricity conversion efficiency. The sunlight intensity can be real-time detected by sampling the short-circuit current of solar cell. The PV bracket system can be automatically adjusted to achieve a final horizontal angle and pitch angle by using the hysteresis comparator and dedicated motor driver chip, which always makes photovoltaic modules toward the sun's position. At the same time, the PV bracket system can be automatically reset by the hall switch when the sun reaches the sunset and the light intensity is less than the reference value. The experimental prototype is used to testify the correctness and reliability of the control system, which has better practicability and value to extend.

This paper determined the total absorbance of phosphorus molybdenum blue and arsenic molybdenum blue by using the additive property of their absorbance values. By eliminating the interference of arsenic by reduction masking with composite reducing agent Na2SO3-Na2S2O3-KBr, the absorbance of phosphorus could be obtained. Thus, the content of phosphorus and arsenic could be calculated, respectively. The results show that the work curves of this method for phosphorus and arsenic are consistent with Beer’s law when the content of phosphorus and arsenic is 0-0.60ug/mL and 0-2.00ug/mL, respectively. The standard addition recovery rate of phosphorus and arsenic is 98.80%-101.04% and 99.00%-101.50%, respectively. The relative standard deviation of phosphorus and arsenic is less than 4.0% with good accuracy and precision. This method is simple and fast to determine phosphorus and arsenic in molybdenum concentrate, and the results are accurate and reliable.

Starting from the present condition, the paper analyzed the changes happened after the introduction of modern computer-based multimedia technology in current education system across China. There is a sharp change in the relationship between the teacher and the students and there are also a lot of shifts in teaching methods, environments, requirements, objectives, assessments, etc caused by modern technology. Why there are so many changes? The paper answered from 3 perspective ways: physical environment, social environment, and spiritual needs. All of the three lead to the fundamental changes in a modern classroom instruction in China under the context of globalization. At last, the paper presents suggestions to optimize the ecology of tertiary education in China.

For the wind power grid voltage control problem, this paper proposed a reactive power and voltage control strategy by coordinate the wind farm reactive power source. Considering wind internal loss and the machine voltage deviation, established a optimal control model and a objective function, using the improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to solve the function, the control strategy can reduce the wind internal loss and stabilize the voltage of the machine on the basis of meet the requirements of PCC voltage. The example simulation proved the effectiveness and economy of the control strategy.

On the basic of multiple populations of immune algorithm and clonal selectionalgorithm, the purpose of this paper is to further improve the detectionefficiency and reducing the false alarm rate. This paper uses the kddcup99 dataset as the experimental data set, and chooses four types of attack data groupof experiment data set as initial population of multiple populations of clonalselection algorithm, through the algorithm to create the optimal model. Basedon the principle of normal data larger than the abnormal data, in turn,experimental data set matched with the normal data set and the optimal model bythe improved R matching algorithm. The results of this paper show that thedetection rate increased significantly

This paper introduces theconcept of knowledge management, analyzes the significance of college Englishteachers implementing knowledge management strategy. Also pointed out specificstrategies to implement knowledge management English teachers, English teachersexpected to improve the competitiveness of individuals and universities on thisbasis.

The key of wavelet image threshold de-noising is the choice of the threshold function and the threshold value. To overcome the shortcomings of constant deviation existing between estimated wavelet coefficients and decomposition coefficients in the soft threshold function and discontinuity of the hard threshold function, a new threshold function based on wavelet shrinkage in image de-noising is presented in this paper. Threshold values of images with different edges and texture degrees are fine-tuned when the threshold value is set. Furthermore, a self-adaption optimal threshold which is fit to all scale levels is designed based on features of multiscale and multiresolution of wavelet transform. Simulation results show that the proposed methods are efficient to reduce the noise while preserving the detail information of the image.

The optimized design and layout of diverse flood-discharge devices are of great importance for improving the security and reliability of the dams in hydro-power engineering and minimizing their impacts on the regional ecological environment in environmental engineering. In this paper, various kinds of surface and mid-level outlets configurations are compared under multiple operational conditions for the Baihetan hydro-power project. In addition, both the time-averaged and the instantaneous fluctuation impact-pressure distributions in the plunge pool under typical working conditions are measured and investigated in order to study the reasonability of different flood-discharge layout plans. Moreover, the complex hydrodynamic environment and the spatial evolution of time-averaged flow fields along the downstream river are surveyed and further analyzed. The results could serve as the foundation of selecting the optimal flood-discharge and energy-dissipation design, and, more generally, references for the regional ecological environment assessment for Jinsha River after the construction of Baihetan dam.

Expectation Maximization Algorithm and the Exact Inversion Formula are two mathematical methods that have been developed for various computational applications, such as in medical imaging, nuclear industries, econometric and sociological studies, as well as chemical engineering industries. These image reconstruction methods are usually used to create the SPECT scan images. However, most of the improvement and development of the images are made by using a medical phantom, such as the human brain phantom. Here, in this paper the reconstruction of images by both algorithms are made by using a numerical phantom of laboratory scale bubble columns due to its wide application in the chemical reaction engineering studies. The results for both algorithms are compared, evaluated and discussed.

Ecological city construction is the only way of sustainable development, and the development direction of future city. This paper discusses the ecological city ’ s basic connotation, necessity, current situation and existing problems, then sums up the practical measures of the ecological city construction.

In the process of high sulfur gas field development, the sulfur will separate out from the mixed gas when the pressure near wellbore area drops to a critical pressure of H2S. This will reduce the reservoir porosity greatly and decrease the gas well productivity as well. This paper discusses the characteristics of pressure transient testing plots when sulfur deposition occurs based on the redial composite reservoir model. And introduce an approach to determine the sulfur deposition radius near the wellbore with pressure transient testing interpretation in high sulfur gas reservoir. The method has been applied in some high sulfur gas field in eastern Sichuan Basin. The result shows that the method is simple and practical.

A currency crisis is typically a kind of rare event, but it hurts sustainable economic development when it occurs. A novel method of wavelet-based support vector machine (SVM) is proposed to predict financial crisis events for early-warning purposes in this paper. In the proposed method, currency exchange rate, a typical currency indicator that usually reflects economic fluctuations, is first chosen. Then a wavelet decomposition algorithm is applied to the currency exchange rate series. Using the wavelet decomposition procedure, some details and features of the currency exchange rate series, with different scales, can be obtained. Using these details and features, a wavelet-based SVM learning paradigm is used to predict future currency crisis events, based upon some historical data. For illustration purpose, the proposed wavelet-based SVM learning paradigm is applied to exchange rate data of two Asian countries to evaluate the state of currency crisis. Experimental results reveal that the proposed wavelet-based SVM learning paradigm can significantly improve the generalization performance relative to some popular forecasting methods.

This paper examines the effects of cyclic bending on the deformation and failure of layers that are relevant to flexible organic solar cells (with Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) substrates and Poly-3-hexylthiophene: [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) active layers). The deformation and cracking mechanisms are elucidated along with the stresses and crack driving forces associated with the bending of flexible organic solar cells. The changes in the optical properties (transmittance) of the individual layers and multilayers are then explored for layers/multilayers deformed to flexural strains and stresses that are computed using finite element models. The implications of the results are then discussed for the design of flexible organic solar cells.

Generally, there is a high background noise and long reverberation time and poor speech intelligibility in exhibition space due to its big crowd and often commercial promotional activities so that communication is very hard, commercial activities broadcasting system is also difficult to ensure that customers can clearly hear the propaganda content. In this paper, through measured background noise of the new exhibition center in Chengdu, we found the acoustic problem in exhibition space, then we did simulation analysis in some exhibition building and took some acoustical process to get a good sound field.

The objective of this research was to study on charcoal block production from eucalyptus bark using screw press unit. The physical and thermal properties of charcoal and factors affecting the testing units performance, which were mixing ratios by weight of eucalyptus bark charcoal: cassava starch: water content (1: 0.10: 0.75, 1: 0.15: 0.75 and 1: 0.20: 0.75) and screw pressing speeds (90, 105, 120 and 135 rpm) were studied. The optimum of screw press unit was screw pressing speed of 120-135 rpm and a mixing ratio by weight of eucalyptus bark charcoal: cassava starch: water content of 1: 0.15: 0.75. The test result at the feed rate of 140 kg/hr indicated that the machine had a capacity of 119.71-121.95 kg/hr, specific energy consumption of 12.33-12.73 W-hr/kg, charcoal block bulk density of 467.55 to 468.88 kg/m3, charcoal strength of 152.58 to 153.60 kPa and heating value of 21.95 MJ/kg for charcoal block moisture content of 7.46 % (w.b.)

Fuzzy clustering is a kind of language approximation method. It is a multivariate analysis method to classify samples based on the attribute diversity by using fuzzy mathematic method. From the diversity and complexity of impact tendency indicators of coal mine and rock, paper started with extreme value standardization and combined the classification indicators of impact tendency of coal mine and rock, then determined the fuzzy rating, membership function and weight set. Afterwards, paper established the fuzzy similar matrix by using cosine method, then transformed it into equivalent matrix, and did the fuzzy clustering analysis at last. The result shows that the method overcomes the irrationalities which made by existence of impact tendency, achieves a more accurate classification and evaluation, and provides a new method to the comprehensive evaluation of coal rock impact tendency.

This paper takes the-stable distribution as the noise model and works on the parameter estimation problem of bistatic Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar system in the impulsive noise environment.This paper presents a signal model and a novel method for parameter estimation in bistatic MIMO radar system in the impulsive noise environment. Firstly, a signal array model is constructed based on the-stable distribution model. Secondly, Doppler parameters are jointly estimated by searching the optimal rotation angle to meet concentrated-energy of the FLOS-FC. Furthermore, two algorithms are presented for the estimation of DODs and DOAs, including based on FLOS-MUSIC algorithm and FLOS-ESPRIT algorithm. Simulation results are presented to verity the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Indoor environment of VAV system was paid more increasing attention, besides the energy saving, zone temperature control of VAV system. In this paper, using in-site testing and analysis, some experiments were conducted on indoor environment of the typical office with self-regulating inlet VAV system. The results showed the temperature and relative humidity of the selected office were in the range of 22.8 °C~24.5°C and 27.0%~35.0%, respectively. The maximum volume of total supply airflow is 816 m3/h, while the minimum one is 557 m3/h. The concentration of carbon dioxide ranged from 0.0596% to 0.0873% (v/v). The calculated maximum value of temperature uniformity coefficient was 0.026 that indicated the distribution of indoor air is uniformity. So this VAV system used in the office building provided a good indoor environment to meet the satisfaction of the office staff.

Based on economic distance weights matrix, using the R&D input-output panel data sets of high technological industry and traditional industry in 29 provinces in China from 2001 to 2010 and spatial econometric method,this paper analyzes their R&D spillover effects respectively between provinces. The results indicate: Even though R&D in the high technology industry in China are active, the R&D spillover in this industry is lower than that in the traditional industries; R&D capital contributes to R&D output more than R&D labor for high technological industry, while the traditional industry is just the opposite.

The project of NingBo Cultural Plaza Grand Theare adopts the fastener type high modulus construction technology. This engineering safety conditions high, difficult construction. Combining NingBo Cultural Plaza Grand Theare, The paper discussed the High-support formwork construction, including material selection construction method construction technology etc.

To further shorten the charging time, enhancing charging efficiency and extending battery charge cycle life, this paper presents a variable frequency pulse fast charging methods based on fuzzy control depolarization. This method uses perturbation and observation method tracking resonant frequency real-timely and then finds the maximum current corresponding to the resonant frequency to charge the battery while using fuzzy control technology to detect and eliminate polarization effects arising from the charge process to accelerate the charging speed and realize frequency-varied fast charging. Experiments showed that using the fuzzy control frequency-varied pulse charging technique improves the charging time, charging efficiency, and rising temperature of the Li-ion battery by about 6.9%, 2.4%, 17.3%, respectively, as compared with the currently used fast charging method of intermittent alternating current.

The process of mechanically activating chemical bonds usually involves applying external force. Since mechanical chemistry can be performed without solvents or with minimal amounts of solvent (catalytic quantities), it has become an imperative synthetic tool in multiple fields (e.g., physics, chemistry, and materials science) and is an attractive greener method for preparing diverse molecules. Catalysis, organic synthesis, solid-state medicinal preparation, metal complex synthesis, and many other chemistry fields have benefited from sustainable methods. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the benefits of using mechanochemical methods to produce a pharmaceutical crystal that is composed of dendrimer nanocrystals. Consequently, we describe and examine the importance of mechanical procedures in forming dendrimers and pharmaceutical crystals in this review.

This paper study the effect of the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticleson mechanical and physical properties of virgin and waste polypropylene (pp.). 3, 5, 7 and 10 (wt. %) of CaCO3nanoparticles are mixed with each of virgin and waste pp. These mixture are blended in co-rotating twin screw extruder at 190 °Cand different screw speed (25 and 50 rpm). Different mechanical and physical technique are used to evaluate the characteristics of polymer nanocomposites ex: Tensile strength , elastic modulus , impact strength , hardness and density. The results of virgin pp./(CaCO3) showed that The tensile strength decreasing with nano(CaCO3) concentration for virgin pp. , while for waste increasing at 5% and then decreasing gradually. The impact strength increasing with nanoCaCO3concentration increasing. The hardness and density increasing with the increasing of the nanoCaCO3concentration for two type of pp.Nearly all the mechanical properties were found to increase with the processing speed of 25 rpm. In this studies, it was seen that the highest processing speed of 50 rpm does not give the material performance enhancements due to higher shear intensity which causes defect points in the structure. Also the time is smaller at high screw speeds, so there is not enough time for good dispersion to occur.

To a certain extent, modern logistics as a system engineering can also be said as the supply chain services, and the process mainly includes all goods transportation and warehousing, distribution, allocation and simple processing. Strengthening the modern logistics management can not only effectively promote the improvement of production and marketing, but also increase the competitiveness of the enterprise. With the rapid development of information technology and computer network technology, computer information management system is applied to logistics management which greatly promotes the rapid development of logistics industry, and makes it play a more and more important role in national economic development in China. This paper mainly overviews the development of computer information technology and logistics management, and on this basis analyzes the influence of the computer information technology on the logistics management.

Biodiesel fuel can be used in diesel engine in accordance to the standard provided. However, a significant issue with biodiesel fuel was noted. Some of the fuel quality were outside the accepted range of the specification stated in the standard. Thus, this can be lead to the problem of utilization them in diesel engine. Moreover, material compatibility is the main concern whenever the fuel composition is altered in the fuel system. A large variety of metals and non-metals are worn as the material of construction for the various components of the fuel system. Introduction of biodiesel fuel often generate many problems in the components of the fuel system. This paper attempts to present the compatibility issue related to the use of biodiesel with automotive materials.

The paper introduces project test tensioning of 1250mm2 large-section conductor and validate structural stability and tensioning characteristics of newly developed 1250mm2 large-section aluminum stranded conductor, reasonability of construction processes and critical construction parameters and applicability of newly developed construction machines and tools to the conductor.

A structure of nanocomposite materials consisting of carbon nanotubes with a varying fraction of platinum nanoparticles (5, 10 and 20 wt %) is compared in the paper. High-quality CNTs obtained in the CVD process, 100-200 mm long with a standard deviation of below 20% and with a diameter of 10-20 nm, with a standard deviation of below 30%, were used in the research. Raw CNTs did not contain metallic impurities or amorphous carbon deposits. An indirect method of bonding the earlier produced platinum nanoparticles to the surface of functionalised carbon nanotubes was employed to deposit platinum nanoparticles onto the surface of carbon nanotubes. A full array of changes in the loading of carbon nanotubes’ surface with platinum nanoparticles was achieved as a result of the experiments performed, starting with homogenous deposition to the clearly developed large agglomerations of platinum nanoparticles. The studies carried out using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy and X-ray structural analysis have confirmed differences in the morphology, homogeneity and density of coating the carbon nanotubes’ surface with variedly concentrated platinum nanoparticles. Differences were also revealed in the structure of the newly formed nanocomposites. A nanocomposite with a 5% fraction of platinum nanoparticles demonstrates the best structure-related properties for the materials obtained.

Smart city is a promising form for future city management. Intelligent transportation plays an important role in the smart city. Traffic forecast is an important way to realize intelligent traffic. This paper proposed a method to solve the complex mapping problem in traffic forecast based on BP artificial neural intelligence method. Data of the City of Alexandria in the U.S. is used to testify the feasibility of the method. The result shows that this method shows good performance in solving complex mapping problem.

In this paper, the NiCu alloy coatings were electroplated on the 304 stainless steel coupon. The XRD was used to identify the phase structure of the as-prepared products. The SEM and EDS were used to observe the surface morphology of the as-prepared coatings and the atomic composition of the as-prepared coatings, respectively. The influences of the current density on the as-plated NiCu coatings are systematically researched. It was found that the moderate current density is beneficial to the compactness of the coatings. The content of the copper decreased and that of the nickel increased with the increasing of the current density. When the current density is smaller than 40 mA/cm2, the contents of nickel and copper vary apparently. When the current density is larger than 40 mA/cm2, the contents of nickel and copper vary slightly. That means the copper is more easily deposited at low current density and the nickel is more easily deposited at high current density.

In recent years, Green BIM (building information modeling) is paid much attention and gets widespread concern in construction field, the majority of the projects using green building BIM technology also gained good results to effectively balance between sustainability and economic. This study is based on the innovation practice using BIM technology do energy simulation design in The Helsinki Music Center project. This project Build Green Building Environment through the followings: three-dimensional building information model, Energy Simulation at the Schematic Design Stage, Energy Simulation for Comparison of Design Alternatives, Lifecycle Assessment Analysis. This paper will give you a detail analysis.

Graphene/NR composite was prepared in emulsion blending and the multilayer graphene was about 4-8 layers. Different mass fraction of this kind of graphene was mixed into NR in this work.The thermal conductivity of this compositive system was respected to be improved apparently since the high thermal conductivity of graphene. In this work, TEM(Transmission electron microscope) was used to observe the structure and morphology of the multilayer graphene. NETZSCH LFA was used to research the change of thermal conductivity with the fraction of grahene changing. DSC(differential scanning calorimetry) was used to research the structure change in the series of composites. The TEM results showed that the graphene we used is 4-5 layers. LFA had proved that the multilayer graphene has affected the thermal conductivity of matrix greatly and DSC also provided evidence to support the same views.

Smart homes will give the disabled an opportunity for independence that they may not have had before. This paper designs an smart home system that communicates with a mobile device such as a cell phone or PDA via Bluetooth. Their approach sends messages via Bluetooth using the available Bluetooth module on the nodes. This means no further hardware is required and additionally no further costs arise.

Green real estate investment paradigm brings a new investment option to property investors. The green office buildings are gradually replacing the conventional buildings due to the fact that green office building provides better return such as high market value and rental value, high occupancy rate and cost savings. Energy and water efficiency, indoor environmental quality, sustainable site planning and management, materials and resources and innovation are prerequisite green criteria that determine the level of greenness which distinguish it from a non-green office building. This paper discusses the green attributes in office building and its enhancement to return on investment.

This paper focuses on the use of infrared reflective photoelectric sensor for an intelligent tracking car which can automaticly recognize feature of routes. Arduino is used to control its motion and enable them to choose the right direction. SolidWorks is also used to model and analyze its motion.

In order to solve the problem that high-rise users can't install traditional solar water heater for limited area and the problem that the utilization rate of panel position fixed solar energy is low, this paper proposed a new design of high-rise building integration solar water heater, which can make solar water heater integrate with high-rise building, and has the function of tracking sunlight automatically in real time, raising the utilization ratio of solar energy, and prolonging sunshine time. In addition, the auxiliary electrical heating system can be intelligently started or closed by setting the temperature sensor in the storage water tank of water heater. Humidity sensors automatically control the stretch of panel according to humidity, which can effectively protect the panel and prolong its life, and preferably realized green and energy-saving architectural concept.

In this paper, the bandgap characteristics of binary colloidal crystals (BCCs) constructed with polystyrene (PS) particles are analyzed, and several binary colloidal crystals were fabricated, specifically the non-close packed structures with improved vertical deposit method. The SEM images and reflectance spectra of the structures exhibit fine orderly structures obtained.

A finite element model with detailed anatomical structure of human cervical spine was established in this paper based on the CT scan data of the cervical vertebrae obtained from a 50th percentile Chinese male. The model was validated by the data from the head-neck drop test conducted by Nightingale et al in 1996. In the drop test simulation, the contact force between the head and impact surface, as well as head acceleration were chosen to gauge the accuracy of the model predictions against test results. The results show that the head - neck finite element model without muscle tissue has a consistent mechanics and dynamics with the body drop test. The model can be applied to the exploration of a more detailed neck injury model with muscle tissue and can also be directly applied to the study of injury mechanism of the cervical spine in the car crash accidents.

Contact angle measurement is a simple and quick method that expresses the surface wettability. Resulting values vary and depend on many factors that significantly affect the interpretation of results. In this paper a set of seventeen samples from different deposits with different genesis were subjected to a statistical evaluation, to determine the optimal number of measurements needed to obtain the desired standard deviation.

Nowadays, the shortages of fossil based energy on the earth and the pollution caused by using them is a noticeable problem that people are challenging with. As a result, human try to use natural resources vastly instead of fossil-based ones to reduce their consumption dramatically. In this circumstance, the role of architects are more important than ever in reducing the need for energy by proper designing likewise the past construction history. Green building design criteria emphasizes the energy-efficient performance of fenestration materials. Iran is a country comprising of four main different climatic areas. Selecting materials and using proper techniques for a building project is a challenging task in each part. Ancient buildings were built by different materials, techniques and forms in different parts of this country. One of the main parts of climatic areas in Iran is the hot and dry climates such as deserts. The appropriate materials and techniques which were used in ancient buildings in this part of the country to make this area comfortable for people will be investigated in this paper. Moreover, the buildings of Kashan, located in the desert part of Iran, will be mentioned as case study.

This paper studied the traffic flow under the keep-right-except-to-pass rule on freeways and the effect of intelligent control system on traffic flow. Through the analysis of the basic traffic flow equation, we developed the traffic flow-traffic density model, obtained the maximum traffic flow, determined the model parameters and tested the model. We defined an indicator reflecting of the degree of traffic flow distribution according to the Gini coefficient in economics and built an effect evaluation model to study the effect of intelligent control system on traffic flow.

The selection of an optimal material is an important aspect of design for mechanical, electrical, thermal, chemical or other application. Many factors (attributes) need to be considered in material selection process, and thus material selection problem is a multi-attribute decision making (MADM) problem. This paper proposes a new MADM method for material selection problem. G1 method does not need to test consistency of the judgment matrix. Thus it is better than AHP. In this paper, firstly, we use the G1 method to determine the attribute weight. Then TOPSIS method is used to calculate the closeness of the candidate materials with respect positive solution. A practical material selection case is used to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

In this paper, a finite element model of human head was established based on CT scanning on a 40-year-old and 50 percentile Chinese male volunteer, and the model was verified with the experiment conducted by Verschueren and skull fracture was investigated during the collision. The frontal of head was impacted with different velocities during the impact tests. A break-deletion element process was represented to simulate the pathological phenomena of skull fracture.The results showed that the simulation results and experimental results were in a good consistency on both mechanics and pathology.

In this work, we well performed the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) supported on rare earth oxides ,which La-doped nanoceria nanocomposites for the scavenging Hydroxyl radicals that used facile and readily synthesized strategy .The complex microstructure nanoparticles were characterized by High resolution transmission electron microsopy (HRTEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD). This paper showed AgNPs were immobilized on an functionalized dual-rare earth oxides surface that have a potential in biomedicine like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anticancer on perspectives future.

The paper presents results ofin-situneutron diffraction experiments aimed on monitoring the phase evolution and load distribution in transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steel when subjected to tensile loading. Tensile deformation behaviour of two TRIP-assisted multiphase steel with slightly different microstructures resulted from different thermo-mechanical treatments applied was investigated byin-situneutron diffraction. The steel with lower retained austenite volume fraction (fγ=0.04) and higher volume fraction of needle-like bainite in the α-matrix exhibits higher yield stress (sample B, 600MPa) but considerably lower elongation in comparison to the steel with higher austenite volume fraction (fγ=0.08), granular bainite and ferrite matrix (sample A, 500 MPa). The neutron diffraction results showed that the applied tensile load is redistributed at the yielding point in a way that the retained austenite bears a significantly larger load than the α-matrix during the TRIP steel deformation. Steel sample with higher volume fraction of retained austenite and less strong ferrite matrix proved to be a better TRIP steel with respect to strength, ductility and the side effect of the strain induced austenite-martensite transformation. The transforming retained austenite in time of loading provides potential for higher ductility of experimental TRIP steel but at the same time acts as a reinforcement phase during the further plastic deformation.TRIP steel, austenite conditioning, austenite transformation, structure, retained austenite, tensile deformation, neutron diffraction, load partitioning, mechanical properties.

A sensor detection experiment system based on network virtual instrument is presented in this paper. The hardware system consists of virtual instrument server, detecting server, data acquisition card, sensor experiment box, sensor modules, several PC terminals and network equipment. The Client/Server structure and Browser/Server structure are combined to create a new structure, i.e. Browser/Server/Client structure in this system. LabVIEW is used to develop the software of the system. The system can realize the remote control and real-time detection of the sensor experiment box and laboratory instruments. It has been used for the students majoring in electronics of Beijing Union University and can provide true lab environment for the experimenters remotely.

The effect of compression storage on structure and surface morphology of silicone rubber in silicone rubber-stainless steel interfacial system was studied in the paper by means of ATR-FTIR, Raman spectrums, XPS spectrums and SEM. FTIR and Raman spectrums analysis indicated that no chemical change in silicone rubber was found during compression storage. XPS spectrums analysis indicated that there maybe surface chemical reaction took place during compression storage. SEM analysis indicated that the number and diameter of the open holes and microholes on the surface of samples decreased significantly with storage period, which hindered air to enter the interface when pressurized state was removed, and was beneficial for vacuum adsorption.

This paper was according to the early crack identification on metal deep drawing, combined with the characteristics of the AE singal of deep drawing forming, determined to analyze it by db4 wavelet basis function for 3 layers, extracted the energy value at every point of the eight AE signal samples from deep drawing forming which crack state was known to constituted characteristic matrix, fuzzy equivalence matrix was obtained by a series of matrix transformation,which was regard as pattern library of crack that used in cluster analysis. Then extracted energy value at every point of AE signal from deep drawing experiments with there states unknown, calculate similarity between samples and the model we established by using euclidean distance formula after normalization processing, deep drawing state was determined by the principle of selecting near, finally compared the recognition result with crack situation deviced by naked eye and microscope, results show that the accuracy of fuzzy identification of early crackn based on fuzzy clustering is up to 90%.

Due to the current resource depletion rates, as well as the growing need toward energy and water efficiency, Governments and the private sector adopted the concept of the Green Building, given the fact that buildings are responsible for energy and raw materials on a large scale. That need is clearly manifested in the developing countries facing energy efficiency challenges. Hence, this research highlights the efforts of the governmental and the non-for-profit organizations; represented by Lebanese Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Energy and Water, Lebanon Green Building Council (LGBC) and funded by the International Finance Corporation of the World Bank. The research summarizes the opportunities and challenges of adopting this concept to the benefit of Lebanon and other countries undergoing the same circumstances and facing the same challenges. In the process of reaching a conclusion, the researcher adopted the analytical and the case study methods through two main axes. The former attends to the theoretical studies which include the definition, the principles, the benefits and the global and local rating system of the Green Building. The latter axis addresses the Lebanese experiment through the review of the Opportunities and the Challenges facing the Green Building in Lebanon, and the ARZ Building Rating System. It also illustrates and analyzes a pioneering project in Lebanon that employed the green building patterns, the Ammiq Eco-Restaurant in Bekaa region. The paper is concluded by a set of recommendations that can be the foundation for similar experiences aspiring for adopting the green building as a cornerstone in the arena of sustainable development.

The PID parameters tuning is to determine the proportional coefficient Kp, integral time Ti and differential time Td of the regulator. It is a very complicated and cumbersome process. This paper describes the strategy and the steps of the critical proportion method, and completes the simulation of PID parameters tuning by using the critical proportion method in the MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the method. Using the software to tune PID parameters can easily modify the simulation parameters, save a lot of computation and programming, and greatly reduce the workload.