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Research concerning ergonomic practice has demonstrated its relevancy in several fields, especially concerning the prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD). However, further knowledge in this field is necessary so as to reduce the exponential evolution of the number of affected workers. This paper aims, epistemologically, to discuss the criteria employed during scientific evaluations which are used by different research modes studying MSD : epidemiological, experimental and interventional research. The authors’ position on this topic can be resumed as follows:- each one of these three approaches is necessary for furthering MSD prevention;- stronger interactions are necessary between the different modes of research, however they are yet to be built;- criteria for scientific evaluation should take into consideration the different conditions intrinsic to the research activity characterizing each mode.