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The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment with antipsychotic olanzapine in cocaine abuse methadone patients. The decrease or interruption of cocaine consume as well as the possible pharmacokinetic interaction between olanzapine and methadone were studied.Patients (n= 21) include in a methadone maintenance program (14 months), with DSM-IV criteria for opioid and cocaine dependence and without schizophrenic diagnostic, were treated with olanzapine 5 to 10 mg/day. The therapeutic outcomes were assessed by personal interviews, cocaine consumption, changes of consumption patrons (via of administration) and secondary effects to olanzapine. Withdrawal symptoms were measured by means of the abbreviate version of the scale of Gossop. Cocaine used was measured by urine analysis (enzymoimmnuoassay). The possible pharmacokinetic interaction between olanzapine and methadone was measured in plasma before and during the treatment in 15 patients.Olanzapine combined with methadone in cocaine abusers was well tolerated in an important proportion of patients. Moreover the consumption of cocaine was decreased or stopped in 53,2% of the patients. In addition, no withdrawal syndrome was observed in any patients. Furthermore the ratios of methadone plasma levels did not change in relation to the dose before and during the treatment, suggesting a lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between methadone and olanzapine.In conclusion the results of this preliminary study, led us to advance that olanzapine could be a useful treatment for cocaine abuse at least in patients in a Methadone Maintenance Program, with the advantage of not to induce any pharmacokinetic interaction with methadone.

The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of fluoxetine (FX) treatment in cocaine dependent methadone (MTD) maintenance patients, to assess decrease or interruption of cocaine use and pharmacokinetic interaction between fluoxetine an methadone plasma levels.The sample was composed of 11 patients with DSM IV criteria for opioid and cocaine dependence. We added Fluoxetine (20 mg per day) during 9 weeks in Majadahonda Drug Program. All patients were in methadone program a mean of 7.5 months. We made a psychiatry interview and the baseline severity of the mood disorder was assessed with the Clinical Global Impression ICG for therapeutic improvement. Cocaine use and fluoxetine treatment was measured in urine analysis and pharmacokinetic interaction between FX-MTD were measured with plasma levels of methadone.Fluoxetine was well tolerated combined with methadone. FX-MTD interaction didn't occur, resulting in no increased of MTD plasma level to dose before and after fluoxetine treatment. After fluoxetine treatment decreased cocaine use, changed cocaine tract from injected to smoked and improvement depressive symptoms.