1. Cardiorespiratory and Hemodynamic Effects of Medetomidine or Xylazine with Atropine and Diazepam Premedication for Total Intravenous Anesthesia Induced and Maintained with Propofol/Fentanyl in Dogs Undergoing Surgery
- Author
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Tomáš, Lipták, Igor, Capík, Valent, Ledecký, Oskar, Nagy, Mária, Kuricová, Csilla, Tóthová, Aladár, Maďari, Jana, Farbáková, Vladimír, Petrovič, Slavomír, Horňák, Tomáš, Lipták, Igor, Capík, Valent, Ledecký, Oskar, Nagy, Mária, Kuricová, Csilla, Tóthová, Aladár, Maďari, Jana, Farbáková, Vladimír, Petrovič, and Slavomír, Horňák
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different premedication protocols followed by a propofol/fentanyl TIVA on cardio-respiratory and hemodynamic changes in twenty-four dogs randomly divided into two groups (AMD-group: medetomidine, atropine and diazepam; AXD-group: xylazine, atropine and diazepam). Cardiorespiratory variables, acid-base indices, quality of sedation, induction, intubation and recovery were recorded throughout the experiment. Signifi cant changes were observed for the pO2 level, which was increased in the AMDgroup from 90 min. (*P< 0.05) to 120 min. (**P< 0.01) of anesthesia. This can be explained by a reduction of the administration rate of propofol/fentanyl TIVA and oxygenation initiated due to excessively deep anesthesia detected by an anesthetsiologist, leading to improved ventilation and increased pO2 . The pCO2 (*P < 0.05) reached more preferable values during the fi rst 30 min. and pH (**P< 0.01) was signifi cantly improved within the fi rst 60 min. in the AXD-group thanks to less depressant effects of xylazine. Within the fi rst 30 min. of anesthesia a signifi cant heart rate difference between the groups was accompanied with signifi cantly higher BP (hypertension) in the AXD-group (10 min. ***P< 0.001, 30 min. **P< 0.01). This points to the possibility of atropine application only in the case of a tendency to bradycardia followed by hypotension. It can be concluded that xylazine is a better option for the premedication of a propofol/ fentanyl TIVA in dogs undergoing a prolonged surgical intervention, in spite of the fact that lower sedation scores were attained. We have detected signifi cantly less adverse cardio-respiratory and hemodynamic effects of xylazine, and a shorter recovery time when compared to medetomidine., Obavljeno je upoređivanje efekata različitih protokola premedikacije koji su prethodili propofol/fentanil TIVA na kardio-respiratorne i hemodinamičke promene kod 24 psa koji su podeljeni u dve grupe (AMD-grupa: medetomidin, atropin i diazepam; AXD-grupa: xylazin, atropin i diazepam). Tokom ogleda, praćene su promenljive kardio-respiratorne vrednosti, acido-bazne vrednosti, kvalitet sedacije, indukcija sedacije, intubacija i stepen oporavka od anestezije. Značajne promene su uočene u odnosu na pO2 koje su bile povećane u AMD-grupi od 90 (*P<0.05) do 120 minuta (**P<0.01) anestezije. Ovo može da se objasni smanjenjem brzine davanja propofol/fentanil TIVA i oksigenacijom koja je izazvana naročito dubokom anestezijom koja je uočena od strane anesteziologa, što je vodilo pojačanoj ventilaciji i povećanim vrednostima pO2. Zahvaljujući slabijim depresivnim efektima ksilazina, u AXD grupi, nivoi pCO2 (*P<0.05) su dostizali željene vrednosti tokom prvih 30 minuta, a pH (**P<0.01) vrednosti su bile značajno poboljšane u prvih 60 minuta. U prvih 30 minuta anestezije, uočene su značajne razlike u radu srca (puls) između grupa pri čemu su vrednosti BP (hipertenzija) bile značajno veće u AXD grupi (10 min. ***P<0.001, 30 min. **P<0.01). Ovo ukazuje na mogućnost aplikacije atropina samo u slučaju postojanja tendencije razvoja bradikardije koja bi prethodila hipotenziji. Na osnovu rezultata može da se zaključi da je ksilazin bolja opcija za premedikaciju tokom propofol/fentanil TIVA anestezije kod pasa tokom produžene hirurške intervencije, uprkos činjenici da su ustanovljeni niži skorovi sedacije. Ustanovljeni su manje značajni neželjeni kardio-respiratorni i hemodinamički efekti ksilazina, kao i kraće vreme buđenja u poređenju sa medetomidinom.
- Published
- 2014