Search

The genre of metapoetry thematizes the fictional elements – the inspiration of a poet, his poetic process, meta-poetic metaphors, the role of the poet in society, and intertextual references – partaking in the making of poetry explicitly or implicitly carried through a poem within a poem technique. This paper presents Eva Müller-Zettlemann’s theoretical pronunciation of meta-poetic elements, i. e., poetic inspiration, poetic process, and meta-poetic metaphors, at play in the metalyrics of Taufiq Rafat from his anthologies Arrival of the Monsoon: Collected Poems 1947-78 (1985) and Half Moon: Poems 1979-1983 (2008). Rafat’s inspiration is the South-Asian terra firma and lived experience that makes him infuse the regional sensibility through a poetic process of perceiving and penning down immediately. His meta-poetic metaphor involves the invention of an image of cultural genesis that informs the process of poetic creativity. Moreover, the study also considers the explicit expression of the role of the poet in society and the functions of poetry in Rafat’s poems, otherwise a prose phenomenon. Thus, the paper analyzes the conscious expression of the construction of South-Asian singularity inspired by the cultural kernel in content and form in Rafat’s metalyrics.

Postmodern poetry revisits the traditions and subjects myth and history to drastic experimentations. The present paper reacts to Ashbery's postmodern rendition of the myth of Orpheus in his poem ‘Syringa’ (Ashbery, 1985). He dismantles and opposes the myth of Orpheus and Eurydice and disrupts its totalitarian voice. The main concerns of the paper are to investigate what linguistic potentials Ashbery deploys in his experimentation, how these potentials help him appropriate and then subvert the mythical subtext, and what the consequences of this subversion could be. He disturbs the myth of Orpheus by drawing on the potentials of constructed oppositions. These potentials help Ashbery deconstruct the mythical narrative and adapt it to his postmodern tastes. The theoretical framework comprises Leslie Jeffries's notion of constructed opposition. The methodology is analytic and interpretive; it conducts a close reading of the poem which situates the poem at the intersecting nodes of myth, poetry, and language. The poem is argued to have relied heavily on the oppositions that Ashbery sets up between his text and its mythical subtext. The paper concludes negation and shifts of verb-tenses are the main structural triggers of opposition along with semantic triggers.

VoTec (Vocabulário Técnico Online) is a web environment for terminographic management created by Fromm (2007) with the aim of training undergraduate and graduate students for terminographic and translation practices. Since 2007, it has been used in several research and projects aimed at researchers training and monolingual and bilingual reference works production. This paper aims to present an overview of the projects and research carried out through VoTec between 2007 and 2023, as well as of the updates made on its database and query page. To do so, we describe its initial version (Fromm, 2007), the Terminology in Fiction (Fromm, 2011a) and the Linguistics Vocabulary (Fromm & Yamamoto, 2013) projects, as well as the following terminographic works/proposals: Vocabulary of Historical Linguistics (Yamamoto, 2015), Vocabulary of Business and Events Tourism (Carvalho, 2015), Vocabulary of Theology (Cardoso, 2017), Bilingual Vocabulary of Linguistics (Yamamoto, 2020), Vocabulary of Digital Marketing (Mateus, 2022) and Vocabulary of Angiology and Vascular Surgery (Santos, 2023). This panorama highlights: (i) VoTec's productivity for research and projects in the scope of Terminology, Translation, monolingual, bilingual and multilingual Terminography and Pedagogical Terminography; (ii) its continuous updates allow VoTec to follow latest trends and technologies on online reference works, becoming increasingly robust and multimodal, as well as to approach the needs of current users of online reference works; (iii) due to the possibilities of customizing fields and functionalities, VoTec easily adapts to different types of research and is capable of generating terminographic products with different purposes and target audiences.

The death of god, which refers to the absence of god's value, weight, significance, and role from people's life experience, is among the most dominant themes of existential literature, especially that of Sartre. It is heavily investigated in his theoretical as well as creative works, such as Being and Nothingness (1969) and The Flies (1989) as it constitutes the cornerstone of his philosophical views of Existentialism, nihilism, freedom, and responsibility. It is hard to understand Sartre's The Flies (1989) and its philosophical background as well as theme(s) without considering the concept of the death of god and its involvement in the development of actions. Accordingly, this paper reads The Flies (1989) investigating Sartre's techniques of introducing and contending that god is dead and has nothing to do with people's life or prosperity. Considering the related literature and the different perspectives of Nietzsche and Hegel regarding Existentialism, the paper deciphers certain scenes and speeches delivered by several characters, such as Zeus, Orestes, and Electra, and it concludes that Sartre’s The Flies (1989) shows how the belief in the death of god may function as a productive force in humans' life and existence. Thus, the paper may help readers of Sartre better understand the existential mechanism of the death of god and comprehend why Sartre's Existentialism is to be viewed as an optimistic, rather than pessimistic, approach.

This paper argues that dress is not a mere choice an individual makes; rather, it metonymizes almost every aspect of one’s identity. Through a critical analysis of Arab British novelists Fadia Faqir’s (2014) Willow Trees Don’t Weep and Leila Aboulela’s (2010) Lyrics Alley, the paper accentuates the skillful employment of dress in these novels and highlights its different implications. It also brings to light the strong relationship between the main characters and their choice of dress. In addition, this study draws on different theories of dress as an interdisciplinary subject in sociology, psychology, and cultural studies. The paper cites textual evidence which focuses on the different implications of dress and shows how these authors have used dress deliberately to comment on important social and political issues in their homelands and/in diaspora. Furthermore, it concentrates on these sartorial episodes to show that the identity construction of the main characters in these novels intricately intertwines with socioeconomic, political, cultural, religious, and psychological circumstances.

Spatial relationships are fundamental in shaping our interactions with the physical world. They also play a significant role in our construal of abstract ideas in terms of space. In order to understand this transfer of ideas from concrete to abstract space, image schematic approach is applied to analyze role of adpositions in a number of languages. This paper attempts to analyze conceptualization of postpositions in Bangla using image schematic approach. In Bangla, nominal postpositions are derived by suffixing locative suffix -/e/ with the noun. However, this suffix is also used as an independent postpositional marker in Bangla. Therefore, this paper attempts to understand image schema of this locative suffix in different contexts. The basic image schema of this locative suffix is observed to be that of container schema. However, functional component of this containment relation varies across different contexts. Further, two spatial postpositions of Bangla are analyzed indicating that locative suffix -/e/ primarily carries the sense of space in these two nominal postpositions of space. This analysis helps to understand how meanings of these nouns interact with meaning of locative suffix to form nominal postpositions using image-schema. These differences in meanings have resulted in their different distributional and usage patterns.

Politics of force today is inseparably connected with politics of images. This paper focuses on the representation of the image of Russia in the British political mass media discourse of 2013-2017. Taking into account K. Boulding’s definition of the image of state as a special concept, the paper claims that this concept includes the notion or nuclear, verbalized with the lexeme ‘Russia’ and its substitutes, and different associations, connected with this notion and thus forming: metaphorical, evaluative and ethnocultural associative layers of the concept. Drawing on the scientific works on problems of mass media discourse, image-formation, associations, structure and verbalization of concepts and using the methods of contextual, critical discourse, seme and conceptual metaphor analysis, the paper reveals the range of means for surfacing the nucleus and layers of the concept ‘Russia, used by British journalists. These means demonstrate ideological values of the discourse in question and stereotypes, which it forms in the minds of British people. The paper suggests that the scheme of analysis of the image of state in the political mass media discourse, offered in it, can be applied to the investigation of images of other states as well as to comparative studies.

Star Wars is a science fiction saga that for over thirty years has captivated fans and viewers all over the world. The saga reproduces the desires of the current society, decade by decade, and also produces new forms of representation regarding female characters. Although we know names like Princess Leia and Padmé, both had their narratives crossed by negative stereotypes about female representations. As it is a science fiction genre, we still notice a mostly male presence, despite new appearances of heroines. However, it was with the release of The force awakens (Foster, 2015), that the franchise reignited the engagement and interest of the public, besides attracting the eyes of a new generation. In this way, more female characters were cast for the new trilogy, such as the new protagonist being a woman. In the same year, a literary adaptation was launched in the publishing market, bringing the story to the field of letters and providing new dialogues between the characters. Accordingly, this paper aims to conduct an analytical study on the construction of the character Rey in the literary version of the story, under the light of feminist criticism. For our methodology, we conducted bibliographical research, using authors such as Murdock (2013), Kuhn (1994), and Mulvey (1983). As a result, we understand that it is important to perceive negative stereotypes reproduced in female characters in science fiction narratives, which are also related to women and their representations in literature.

This paper presents studies on the lexical access of bilinguals with the aim of extending the assumptions of the bilingual lexicon to the study with multilinguals. For that, studies that investigated the Revised Hierarchical Model (RHM), the Bilingual Interactive Activation (BIA+) model and the models of speech production, on the serial and interactive views, are presented. Two models specifically designed for multilinguals are also presented in this paper: the Multilingual Processing Model and the Dynamic Model of Multilingualism. Based on this review of literature, research questions are raised to the investigation of the models presented with multilinguals.

Deleuze's philosophy constructs a unique and highly expressive poetics. In fact, it is the result of an intense work in writing, which may not be separated from his philosophy of conceptual creation. Current paper conceptualizes what would be a poetics of immanence in Deleuze´s terms, as a contrast to mimetic and representational poetics. The poetics of immanence proposes a mutual presupposition between concepts and affections, or between thought and its expression in words, instead of a transcendent relationship between the two terms. The essay investigates some features of this poetics to demonstrate its pertinence for certain modern and contemporary poetics. Samuel Beckett, one of the most important references to Deleuze, will be highlighted in the paper.

This paper shares the results of a study into the way Iranian TEF or TEFAQ candidates treat the listening comprehension as a skill as well as their awareness and exploitation of metacognitive strategies while listening to an audio document. A Persian translation of the Metacognitive Awareness Listening Questionnaire (MALQ) was used in addition to another questionnaire specifically developed for this research in order to gage how important candidates think listening in L2 is compared to the other skills, how much time they spent on practicing listening, and how often they take advantage of authentic documents to improve their listening. Not only did the results show an underestimation of the listening comprehension skill by the majority of Iranian L2 learners, but they also pointed to significant differences in the way men and women exercised their ears and treated the incoming audio stream. The paper concludes that learners’ awareness of listening strategies needs to be raised through classroom instruction and frequent exploitation of authentic documents outside the classroom setting should be encouraged.

This paper addresses the glosses of the first edition of George Chapman's philosophical elegy, The Shadow of Night (1594), as a specific and common practice of prescriptive work, produced by Renaissance authors following the ancient tradition of the auctoris interpretatio. Assuming the gloss as an exposition and scrutiny of the places of poetic invention and elocution, Chapman puts himself in the position of both annotator and authorizer of his text, defining a particular legibility for the poem within the learned circles of the English court of Shakespeare’s time. Considering the view of the glossarial practice as an emulation of the ancient scholium work of ‘exposing the difficulties’ of a literary text and thus legitimizing it as fit to enter the proper tradition, this paper discusses, 1. the implications of Chapman's glosses for the poem's immediate reception; 2. the importance of authorized role models (Servius, Macrobius, Cornutus) for the glossarial practice; and 3. the idea that a text does not possess a congenital clearness of its own, but can only be understood through the continuous process of a specific glossarial assessment.

Much has been said about the role of metaphor in constructing the meaning of political discourse. The seminal work of G. Lakoff showed how a particular choice of metaphors allowed political agents to take a stand on important issues and achieve their rhetorical goals. This paper focuses on the identification of the most productive means for semantic configuration of the metaphors used by British and American media given the ideological perspectivization of North-American politics towards recent conflicts in Ukraine. Drawing on critical discourse analysis and conceptual metaphor theory, this paper argues that the metaphorical system offered by Lakoff is insufficient for conceptualizing the US policy regarding the Ukraine conflict, and claims that the choice of cognitive construals is governed by the context in which they are used and by the perspective adopted.

This paper investigates the key elements of ethos, pathos and logos linguistic strategies as some main features of TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design) Talks, popularizing speeches aiming at Knowledge Dissemination. Through a comparison between the TED Talk ‘HIV - How to fight an epidemic of bad laws’, by Shereen El-Feki (2012a), and another speech held by the same author at the 2012 Symposia The Global Commission on HIV and the Law, addressed to specialists, the paper analyses TED Talks as an innovative tool of popularization, which breaches the typical triangularisation ‘scientist-mediator-audience’, bringing scientists directly into contact with their audiences. Drawing upon Aristotle’s three pillars of rhetoric, the paper analyses the strategies used to establish the ethos of the speech, by proposing a topic as morally worth of spreading; pathos, by creating a direct contact with the public; and logos, investigated through an analysis of the elements used to recontextualise scientific discourses into popularized speeches. The analysis suggests that TED Talks are a recodification, not a mere translation of texts; they are a means to disseminate knowledge reducing the asymmetry between audiences and scientists.

This paper presents as a case study a discussion pertaining to a peculiar approach that some US scholars have applied to texts of ancient Greek literature, as a response to a specific reality that for decades has been afflicting American society: the timeless experience of war and its aftermath. It is a type of reading and re-usage of some ancient texts that can be regarded as a case of Classical Reception, which also, and almost inevitably, involves Outreach: it in fact provides a service beyond conventional limits to reach out to particular segments of the community. The analysis will be articulated into two parts: the first one will consist of (i) a theoretical overview of the status of Classical Reception Studies with a survey of a few cases as a sample of ‘how it works’, and (ii) an introduction to the above mentioned approach to classical texts to respond to the reality of modern war, such an approach that turns Classics into an important tool of outreach and therapy. The second part (forthcoming in Acta Scientiarum v.36, n.3) will consist of a detailed discussion of the ‘case study’ in terms of reception, outreach, and therapy, with an attention to the pedagogical discourse, and with a conclusion on a personal note of the author of this paper, based on a related personal experience.

Neste trabalho, buscamos realizar uma proposta de intervenção para a 8ª série, a partir do gênero artigo de opinião, com ênfase na análise linguística. Para tanto, temos como objetivo refletir sobre as marcas linguístico-enunciativas presentes no gênero artigo de opinião, a fim de contribuir para o ensino e a aprendizagem da Língua Portuguesa. Dessa forma, realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativo-interpretativa, de natureza aplicada, em que escolhemos um texto do gênero artigo de opinião, analisamos suas marcas linguísticoenunciativas e elaboramos uma sequência didática direcionada à oitava série. O trabalho estávinculado ao Projeto de Pesquisa “Diagnóstico do trabalho com os gêneros discursivos na escola” (UFPA – Processo: 022581/2010) e aos grupos de pesquisa “Interação e escrita” (UEM-CNPq – www.escrita.uem.br) e “Diversidade linguística e ensino de língua naAmazônia Paraense” (UFPA-CNPq) e tem como base teórica a perspectiva de Bakhtin (2003) e de pesquisadores que seguem essa vertente. Os resultados demonstram que o gênero em tela propicia um trabalho muito produtivo para o ensino e a aprendizagem da Língua Portuguesa, já que o texto salienta os recursos linguísticos mobilizados pelo articulista para defender sua tese.In this paper we propose to carry out an intervention proposal for the 8th grade, from the view of the genre opinion article, with an emphasis on linguistic analysis. Thus, this work aims at reflecting on the linguistic-enunciative marks present in the genre opinion article, in order to contribute to the teaching and learning of thePortuguese Language. This way, we have applied a qualitative and interpretative research, in which we have chosen a text of the genre article of opinion to analyze its linguisticenunciative brands and we have devised a didactic sequence directed to the eighth grade. The paper is linked to the Research Project “Diagnosis of the work with the discursive genres in the school” (UFPA-Process: 022581/2010) and the research groups’ Interaction and writing” (UEM-CNPq-www.escrita.uem.br ). It is also part of the “Linguistic diversity and teaching of language in the Amazon Paraense” (UFPA-CNPq). It is based on the theoretical perspective of Bakhtin (2003) and researchers who follow this strand. The results show that this kind of genre provides a very productive work for the teaching and learning of the Portuguese Language, since the text stresses the linguistic resources mobilized by reporter to defend his thesis.

O presente artigo pretende discutir, a partir de uma perspectiva heideggeriana, a hipótese contra-foucauldiana de uma metafísica presente no discurso imanentista da arqueogenealogia. Para tanto, constrói um breve itinerário daquilo que se considera o “romantismo foucauldiano”: aponta, primeiramente, a crítica derridiana de umacategorização transcendental do objeto loucura e faz uma contraposição entre esta e as considerações de loucura como ausência de obra; faz um breve recorte dos debates da literaridade e seu abandono, seguindo a retomada do discurso da enkrateia; finalmente, traça um paralelo entre os apontamentos iniciais da arqueologia e a problemática da subjetivação presente nos últimos cursos, centrados no conceito de parrêsia. O fundamental, portanto, é fazer notar uma relação permanente com a metafísica heideggeriana, tanto no que se refere ao projeto de destruição quanto na exigência de um questionamento que transcenda os limites da imanência.Departing from a Heideggerian standpoint, the present article aims at discussing the contra-Foucauldian hypothesis of a metaphysics present in the immanentist discourse of archaeogenealogy. With a view toachieving the goal proposed, the paper builds a brief itinerary of what is considered “Foucauldian romanticism”. Initially, it draws on the Derridian critique of a transcendental categorization of ‘madness’ and opposes it to accounts of madness as absence of labor.Then, the paper offers a brief account of debates on literalness and their abandoning, following the renewed take-over of the enkrateia discourse. Finally, based on the concept of parrêsia, the article establishes some comparisons between the initial findings of archaeology and the issue of subjectivization present in the last courses. Thus, what is fundamental is to render noticeable a permanent relationship with Heideggerian metaphysics, in whatconcerns both the destruction project and the requirement for questioning that transcends the borders of immanence.

O presente artigo fez um levantamento das conjunções condicionais doportuguês. Verifica-se que, embora os estudos sobre as orações condicionais centrem seu foco de interesse na oração condicional iniciada pela conjunção “se”, o português conta com uma variada gama de conjunções e locuções que atuam na expressão do sentido condicional. O estudo mostra que as conjunções condicionais podem expressar diferentes sentidos, subdividindo-se em três grupos: restritivas positivas, restritivas negativas, hipotéticas. Considerando-se os sentidos expressos pelas conjunções, procurou-se investigar se a conjunção tem alguma influência sobre a oração condicional que ela introduz. Para tanto, considerou-se a tipologia dos modificadores oracionais, tal qual a teoria da GramáticaDiscursivo Funcional propõe. O que se verificou é que o sentido expresso pela conjunção não opera sobre a configuração formal da conjunção.This paper aims at providing an account for conditional marking on Brazilian Portuguese. The studied carried out here shows that there are a wide group of conditional conjunctions, though the amount of papers focus on the conjunction “se” ‘if’ only. As it is shown here, on Brazilian Portuguese conditional conjunctions can be of three types, expressing different senses here called positive restrictive, negative restrictive and hypothetic. Thus, conditional clauses wereanalyzed to verify whether the different senses can bring any influence over the clause construction. In order to do that, this paper analyzed conditionals clauses in the terms of the modifier typology put forward by Functional Discourse Grammar. As a result, we found out that the sense cannot make any influence over the clause.

O objetivo do presente trabalho é investigar o uso dos recursos visuais no ensino-aprendizagem de vocabulário em língua estrangeira. Baseado em Kress e Van Leeuwen (1996), Callow (1999) e Oliveira (2006), discute-se a relação dos recursos visuais com o aprendizado de vocabulário e reflete-se sobre a necessidade de capacitar os alunos a explorar de forma consciente e crítica tais recursos, visando uma melhor compreensão dos significados e usos das palavras. O trabalho tem como objeto de análise os exercícios de vocabulário presentes nos livros didáticos contemporâneos de inglês como línguaestrangeira. Os resultados apontam que a seleção e a exploração dos recursos visuais nos livros didáticos raramente contribuem para um aprendizado mais significativo do vocabulário, bem como raramente contemplam a interação entre os recursos visuais e verbais, o que pode fornecer, ao aluno, um apoio importante na construção doconhecimento lexical.This paper aims at investigating the usage of visual resources invocabulary teaching and learning in a foreign language. Based on Kress and Van Leeuwen (1996), Callow (1999) and Oliveira (2006), it discusses the relation between the visual resources and vocabulary learning as well as reflects on the necessity of making the studentscapable of exploring such resources consciously and critically, aiming at a better comprehension of the meanings and usages of the words. This paper analyses vocabulary exercises of current English as foreign language textbooks. The results indicate that the selection and exploration of the visual resources in the textbooks rarely contribute to a more meaningful vocabulary learning, or contemplate the interaction between the visual and verbal resources, what could provide the student with important support in the lexical knowledge construction.

This paper explores some of the difficulties faced by so called minority literatures in attracting both popular and critical notice, particularly in view of the fact that recourse to the vernacular can foreclose dissemination of works in significant markets. Theconsequence, it seems, is that minority literatures are in effect compelled to negotiate the encounter with readerships in those markets in the language of the other. This compels a number of difficult choices which can take on a distinctly ethical and/or political character, and which hinge on further complexities involving issues like translation, nationhood, and otherness. Those difficulties and choices are explored, in the paper, through a discussion of the specific challenges of Maltese literature: a case study that, in the context of the paper’s concerns, takes on particular significance in view of the unceasing debates within Maltese cultural history on the tensions between insularity and openness, authenticity and hybridity, identity and otherness, peripherality and majority.As dificuldades enfrentadas pelas assim chamadas literaturas minoritárias para chamar atenção crítica e popular sãoinvestigadas, especialmente porque o recurso à língua maternal local poderá barrar a disseminação de obras literárias de mercados literários significativos. Parece que as literaturas minoritárias são obrigadas a negociar o encontro com leitores nos mercadoscaracterizados pelo idioma do outro. Várias escolhas significativas devem ser feitas com características éticas e políticas distintas, ligados, frequentemente, a outros fatores complexos que envolvem questões de tradução, nacionalidade e alteridade. Nesse ensaio,analisam-se essas dificuldades e escolhas por meio de uma discussão sobre os desafios específicos da literatura de Malta: um estudo de caso que toma significados particulares diante dos debates incessantes no contexto da história cultural maltesa sobre as tensões entre a insularidade e a abertura, entre a autenticidade e o hibridismo, entre a identidade e a alteridade, entre a periferia e a maioria.

There is general agreement among intercultural scholars that FL course-books as dominant teaching materials have considerable influence on FL learners’ attitudes towards the target culture, as well as on their overall intercultural communicative competences (ICC). Therefore, in order to equip FL learners with the necessary intercultural knowledge and skills, much greater attention should be paid to the content of this fundamental didactic tool. A number of checklists and models have been elaborated in order to help to decide whether the particular teaching material has the potential to develop FL learners’ ICC. The present paper aims at summarising the results of document analyses that served to fine-tune the research instrument applied in a course-book package analysis. However, the findings of the research also provide a list of aspects that be treated in FL classrooms in order to develop learners’ ICC.

The novel Kafka on the Shore is one of the most enigmatic works of contemporary writer Haruki Murakami. Since its very release, critics and scholars have been sharing their impressions and interpretations on various aspects of the book, one of them being the abundant references to Western elements (myths, songs, writers, icons and so forth). The present paper is the final draft of the postdoctoral research ‘Murakami on the shore: the dialogue with the West in the construction of the novel’, developed from July 2015 to June 2016. It aims at rethinking (as well as questioning) the way the study of the relation between Japan and the West can be addressed in the novel. The research, conducted as a bibliographical investigation, used key concepts like cultural identity (Hall, 2006) and border-blurring (Auestad, 2008). It defies the tendency of studying cosmopolitan authors like Haruki Murakami from the perspective of East-West duality, and defends that such analysis ought to consider East and West as complementary, almost inextricable, not regarding them as opposite or impermeable, and never as a limitation to the author himself.

The novel Kafka on the Shore is one of the most enigmatic works of contemporary writer Haruki Murakami. Since its very release, critics and scholars have been sharing their impressions and interpretations on various aspects of the book, one of them being the abundant references to Western elements (myths, songs, writers, icons and so forth). The present paper is the final draft of the postdoctoral research ‘Murakami on the shore: the dialogue with the West in the construction of the novel’, developed from July 2015 to June 2016. It aims at rethinking (as well as questioning) the way the study of the relation between Japan and the West can be addressed in the novel. The research, conducted as a bibliographical investigation, used key concepts like cultural identity (Hall, 2006) and border-blurring (Auestad, 2008). It defies the tendency of studying cosmopolitan authors like Haruki Murakami from the perspective of East-West duality, and defends that such analysis ought to consider East and West as complementary, almost inextricable, not regarding them as opposite or impermeable, and never as a limitation to the author himself.

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis states that the language someone speaks shapes their thoughts. Although this view may have fallen into disrepute in the field of linguistics, its influence, the Whorfianism, has been the number one showcase in science fiction works that somehow approach language, and more specifically, invented languages. This paper uses Ted Chiang’s award-winning novella Story of your life (1998) and its filmic adaptation Arrival (2016) directed by Denis Villeneuve and written by Eric Heisserer as a case study to investigate this literary phenomenon. The considerations of Guy Deutscher (2010), Stockwell (2006) and Ria Cheyne (2008), as well as the authors’ own viewpoints, are vitally important for that. The result is a speculative and comparative analysis that contributes to a better understanding of the frequent connexion of science fiction, glossopoesis and Whorfianism.

Rhetorical discourse analysis (RDA) emphasizes the communicative purpose and organization structures of texts. This paper proposes a rhetorical organization model for business-based technical documents. Using RDA and genre analysis, we define such a model based on functional and structural features in terms of macro-moves, moves, and functions that comprise a type of document called standard operating procedure (SOP). An SOP is a technical document that describes procedures for segments of business processes or policies to be implemented inside organizations (commonly called a procedure manual). We propose a functional-structural framework for analyzing SOP discourses by influencing and restricting their content based on the style of the ‘manual’ genre. We identify an SOP as a document with procedural information that serves as a relevant source for extracting domain knowledge and business information. We apply this model as an analytical-conceptual procedure for mapping business documents and generating a controlled language output.

In this paper, I will discuss the figuration of the dandy character in the field of literary production. Initially I discuss its origin during the nineteenth century in French and English contexts. In order to understand this characterization, I will analyze the characterization of the characters of the novels À rebours by J. K. Huysmans and The Picture of Dorian Gray, by Oscar Wilde. As a methodology I intend to search in the field of literary studies which are the formative elements of the dandy in the works of the above mentioned authors.

This paper aims to investigate the status of language in the novel Caetés by Graciliano Ramos, through an analysis of the failure on writing experienced by the character João Valério. The meaning of Caetés Indians, their wild nature, and the revealing role of the human condition will be highlighted. For that, the analysis and interpretation of the novel also counts with the theoretical contribution of philosophical hermeneutics.

In this paper, we discuss the derridean critic on linguistic and phenomenological sign, as well as the metaphysical determinations of Science in general, and of linguistics in particular. We point out to a deconstructive dimension of language, considering three important texts by Derrida, such as: The Voice and the Phenomenon, Grammatology, and The Structure and Play in the Discourse of Human Sciences. It is at stake to reflect on the limits of the concepts, and the possibility of widening the frontiers of language field taking into consideration the deconstruction proposed by Derrida.

Current research is a study on linguistic forms and argumentative processes in texts written by suicidal people. The corpus was collected from police investigation files in the Brazilian National Archives in Rio de Janeiro (cases between 1890 and 1940). An analytical model was developed by textual and discursive analyses, alternated and complemented by rhetorical aspects. The main aim was to demonstrate that the suicide’s enunciation was foregrounded on more or less stable argumentative trends and aimed at the construction of conditions to justify the act. Analysis showed that the harvested documents fitted in a plan of representations constructed on actions, in two stages, or rather, the choice of voluntary death and the preparation of the message. The latter was not always focused on presenting justifications for the suicidal act. It is the case of the documents listed in current paper, or rather, notes and messages with unstated causes of suicide.

Current paper discusses the collaborative process developed between a pre- and an in-service teacher of English Language within a continuing teacher education program at a public school in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The collaborative research investigation (MAGALHÃES; FIDALGO, 2008) focused on the interactions established between the participants in the development of English Language classes, which were prepared based on the concept of language as social practice (MOTTA-ROTH, 2008) for Grade Five students of the primary school, taking into account students’ needs and specificities. Lessons were recorded and transcriptions became the corpus of the research. The analysis revealed the collaborative process through the incorporation by the participants of traditional pre-established roles: a leading role undertaken by the in-service teacher, and a supporting role performed by the pre-service teacher, due to their hierarchical position within the apprenticeship and trainee system. However, the analysis also showed that the supporting role by the pre-service teacher enhanced a more dialogical collaborative process to the English classes, since her teaching contributions increased students’ participation and stimulated their production in the activities proposed.

This paper discusses the production of the so-called Generation of 27 and the documentary Generación 27 - Creación, vanguardia y vida, Canal Sur Andalucia, Spain, in honor of the 80 years of the movement. We address the performance matter, according to the theory by Zumthor (2000), which can be compared to what the participants of that generation did during that period in their artistic encounters, and in a parallel way to what some artists that express themselves through rap and graffiti did in 2007, by resuming the poetic, musical and visual creations of the artists of 1927. We develop a comparative analysis of these productions and of what participants of the Spanish movement (ALONSO; GUILLÉN, 1984) and literary historians (CONCHA, 1984) argue about the period, and of authors (REYES-SÁNCHEZ, 2007; HALL, 2011) who research the cultural manifestations that are closer to the new global social reality. We conclude that both movements, Generation of ‘27 and the artists of 2007, seek, with their productions, to give visibility to the plurality of voices of the popular and street tradition, even though the documentary suggests the presence of a hegemonic and institutional apparatus that somehow interacts and interferes with the maintenance and / or expansion of this process.

This paper presents a theoretical and empirical discussion about juxtaposed concessive clauses. It proposes an interpretation of distinct constructional patterns outside the prototypical scheme of finite and nonfinite concessive clauses. Based on a written language corpus, by means of the theoretical assumptions of the Usage-Based Functional Linguistics, it is assumed that concessive juxtaposed clauses have special characteristics that distinguish them from the prototypical concessive ones.

Starting from Bakhtin’s notion that a speech meets another and both participate in a lively and tense interaction, current paper observes and describes the existing dialogical relationship between the short stories Nunca aposte sua cabeça com o diabo ― conto moral, by Edgar Allan Poe, and A cabeça, by Luiz Vilela, a tale in the eponymous work. Since the two texts are foregrounded on satire, such perspective is investigated in each short story and the coinciding and distancing factors are pinpointed. The theoretical framework by Mikhail Bakhtin in his Estética da criação verbal and Problemas da poética de Dostoiévski is employed. Poe’s aim, representing the modern short story, is disrupted and subverted by Luiz Vilela who sets up a new way to narrate the short story.

Considering the linguistic politeness studies (Brown & Levinson, 1987) and the request analysis categories usually described in cross-cultural research (Blum-Kulka, House, & Kasper, 1989a), this paper examines the discursive strategies that support requests and orders in a corpus produced by brazilians (from Curitiba), and uruguayans (from Montevideo). It is sought to verify whether the traditionally described categories apply to the data and to what extent the strategies used agree in these two linguistic-cultural communities. To this end, different contextual variables are taken into account by means of a Written Discourse-Completion Test. We raised the initial hypothesis that geographical and cultural nearness between the two societies favors a strong similarity in the strategies used by their members. However, the comparison between the external mitigating strategies produced in specific contexts has shown certain pragmatic and linguistic patterns that are specific of each group, as it is the case of the increased tendency towards the expression of negative politeness by uruguayan informants.

This paper examines the effects of intralingual and interlingual subtitles on Brazilian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ L2 vocabulary learning as a result of their processing and comprehension of a North-American sitcom. Thirty-six intermediate-level EFL learners, enrolled in the Extracurricular Language Courses at Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), were evenly divided into two experimental groups (intralingual subtitles and interlingual subtitles) and one control group (no subtitles). Participants’ performance was measured based on an L2 vocabulary test (pre-test, test, and post-test), considering factors influencing word learnability (Laufer, 1997). Regarding the effects of subtitling availability, statistical tests and analyses performed revealed that experimental conditions were not found to substantially foster L2 vocabulary learning, and no statistically significant differences among the experimental groups and the control group were found. Across time, the results obtained point out to more positive growth in performance by the intralingual subtitles group, followed by the interlingual subtitles group, and then the control group. These results are discussed in light of the possible different processing mechanisms employed as well as some of the potentials and drawbacks that both intralingual and interlingual subtitles may offer for L2 learning/instructional purposes.

This paper focuses on an analysis of the pibidian identity as represented by a new teacher as she leaves the program. Thus, it aimed at discussing the fostering of pibidian identity within teacher education programs in Brazil. It is based on studies of the poststructuralist view of identity (Gee, 2001; Silva, 2004; Block, 2007; Woodward, 2011). Data used are extracted from a transcription of a local seminar. The data are analyzed through Critical Discourse analysis (Fairclough, 2003) and the theory of representation of social actors (Van Leuween, 2008). The results show the pibidian identity is constructed through ‘differentiation’ and ‘normalization’ and developed as an ‘affinity identity’. Thus, it also constructs a ‘group identity’ and crafts ‘agential’ ways of positioning.

Academic-scientific phraseological units in the English language play a key role in the communication of/to experts, once they reproduce frequent and expected expressions in varied disciplines. This paper aims at identifying and analyzing the 100 non-specialized academic-scientific phraseological units (constituted of 4 words) in the English language, present in eight major fields of knowledge. The theoretical background referred to Phraseology and Corpus Linguistics. Regarding methodology, an academic corpus was compiled with more than 120 million words. The software WordSmith Tools was used for the linguistic-textual process. Through the Juilland dispersion coefficient and use coefficient, the most frequent phraseological units were identified in the academic texts. The list was eventually validated by the Wilcoxon rank sum test (α = 0.05), indicating that the phraseological units identified show a higher use in the academic communication when compared to the use in the general language. The most relevant units are ‘the case of’, ‘as a result of’ and ‘at the end of’. The list with the most functional phraseological units in the English language might provide a valuable pedagogical linguistic reference for the study of the academic genre.

This paper aims to investigate the stress patterns of Ilami Kurdish, a southern variety of Kurdish language, based on the criteria proposed by Kager (1995) and also Hayes (1995) regarding the stress patterns of human languages, including ‘boundedness’, ‘quantity sensitivity’, ‘word headedness’, ‘foot headedness’ and ‘directionality’. After analyzing Ilami Kurdish data and specifying the stress patterns of this dialect of Kurdish, we adopt Optimality Theory framework, which is a modern perspective towards phonology, to show how the optimal candidates are in conformity with the universal phonological constraints in Ilami dialect. All in all, it can be said that Ilami is a right-bounded quantity-sensitive variety as far as monomorphemic words are considered.The next part of the research is devoted to the study of the stress pattern of compound words in Ilami Kurdish. In order to evaluate the stress pattern of these constructions, we use PRAAT software program to analyze the data collected from native speakers of Ilami. Concerning the stress pattern of compounds, it was observed that this is always the rightmost syllable of the final morpheme that bears the strong stress, regardless of the length of word and the number of morphemes. Actually, this tendency always violates the main-left (C) universal constraint according to which a clitic group (c) is left- headed.

The paper describes results of a study whose main aim was to analyze the role of English in the internationalization process of the University of Geneva in particular and in Switzerland in general, drawing some considerations regarding possible lessons for the Brazilian scenario in regards to the development of multilingualism.The theoretical background includes the review of the role of languages in general and of English in particular in the globalized scenario and the review of a language teaching approach, the intercomprehension approach, with some implications for the teaching of foreign languages in Brazil. The study concludes with some considerations regarding the role of English in Brazil and some suggestions to boost multilingualism there through the review of language policies and the use of the intercomprehension approach.

Jacques Ranciere (2011, p. 53) observes that rather than create works of art, contemporary artists want to get out of the museum “[...] and induce alterations in the space of everyday life, generating new forms of relations”. In this context, the aim of this paper is to discuss the power of literature to turn experience into life-narratives that will eventually give rise to a differentiated kind of social experience (SMITH; WATSON, 2010), through the reading of the novel Sangati (1994) by the Indian Dalit writer Bama. In order to make visible the experiences of the Dalit women, Bama rewrites the genre autobiography, as understood in the West, since in her narrative the voice of the community imposes itself upon the voice of the individual. In so doing, she changes the quality and style of canonical narratives considered as literary so that they will accommodate the stories of silenced people articulated through a differentiated kind of aesthetics.

The experiences experienced by men in modernity transform literary narratives, thematically and formally, establishing the aim to use allegory as an explanatory stage of that new reality. In the book The Origin of German Tragic Drama, by Walter Benjamin, he conceives allegory as the revelation of a hidden truth that does not represent things just as they are, but provides a version of how they were or might have been. As a reflection of the principles implied in that reading, this paper takes Benjamin’s allegory as an analytical category aiming at identifying the representation of violence in the short story A hora e a vez de Augusto Matraga (The Hour and Turn of Augusto Matraga), by Guimarães Rosa. Our analysis opens a dialogue with the dialectical perspective, in which social-historical conditioning factors contribute to understand Minas Gerais backlands, whose ethos supplies a perception of the world incorporated by Guimarães Rosas’ poetics, widening the view of a violent and enchanting world.

This paper pays a tribute to the narrative technique of Katherine Mansfield, through the study on the spatiotemporal fragmentation present in the short story Bliss. Her creation process highlights marks of the story of atmosphere and the temporal fragmentation of the narrative. It is possible to observe that the text is based upon the spatiotemporal displacement of the protagonist in a futile and conservative London society. Theoretically, this work explores the intertextuality perspectives of the modernist narrative according to Virginia Woolf. About the spatiotemporal displacement, it goes through the concepts of space and heterotopia by Gaston Bachelard and Michel Foucault.

Current paper discusses manifestations of the sublime in Pedro Kilkerry´s poetry as one of the distinguishing characteristics within the Parnassian orientations predominant in his cultural context. The particular way that Kilkerry employs the sublime´s expedients demonstrates the dialogue of his poetry with Romantic ideals, whose traits in his lyrical stance are directly linked to Symbolist influence, far from traditional Parnassian models. The sublime in Kilkerry develops through an elliptical and suggestive language that demonstrates the impossibility of the ideal being directly expressed and shows the affinity of his poetic work with the idealist crisis that marks post-Romantic poetry and provides the basis on which the poetics of Modernity is structured. The poetry of Pedro Kilkerry develops within a complex zone of convergence between the models provided by the Parnassian aesthetic, Romantic idealism with an atavic presence to Symbolism, and the search for new answers to old idealistic concerns. The meeting of these three conflictive currents, perceptible in the manifestations of the sublime in Pedro Kilkerry´s poetry, demonstrates his lyrical sensitivity to the trends of Modernity.

Current paper investigates the construction of a particular kind of statement called laconism. The discursive form is constructed by an enunciation modality that aggregates military, religious and economic spaces, and is characterized by ‘tell more in fewer words’. It is the hallmark of Greek civilization and typical of Christ’s universal phrases. The enunciation structure is basic and omnipresent in the myth construction within consumer society. Current investigation deals with the advertising discourse, more particularly, Coca-Cola advertisings, as a contemporary myth. French Discourse Analysis coupled to Foucault’s and Barthes’s works foreground the essay.

Current paper focuses on the reading process as a desirable cognitive game of guessing (anticipation, prevision, prediction), originally as a guessing game, according to Goodman (1991) and Smith (2003). Theory is posited on the interface between Psycholinguistics and Literature. In fact, the short story A Carteira (2012), by Machado de Assis, requires a comprehension of the text’s facts in its literariness. Theory bonding reading and the guessing game is first exploited. The proce437-449ss is thereby demonstrated by a possible reading of an also possible reader who forms a pathway for its comprehension by establishing connections between the text’s linguistic marks and the reader’s prior knowledge. At the end, the course developed in the article is finally resumed with discussions on its possible application in teaching.

Current paper acknowledges the retroactive effects after the introduction of PAS/UEM in the practice of high school teachers of Portuguese. Data produced by a questionnaire applied to fifteen teachers from public and private high schools in the municipalities of Marialva and Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil, are analyzed. Data analysis was foregrounded on retroactive effects (BARTHOLOMEU, 2002; CORREIA, 2003; MOTTA, 2004; OLIVEIRA, 2008; RETORTA, 2007, 2009; SCHLATTER, et al., 2004, 2005; SILVA; ARAÚJO, 2009) and revealed retroactive effects in high school teaching. On the one hand, it represented a greater commitment by students, according to the teachers’ perceptions, and even a mild change in their teaching practices; on the other hand, it represented a narrowing in the learning program, as several teachers perceived changes in the program and followed what was requested by the PAS/UEM evaluation. Results revealed that PAS exercised a great effect on Portuguese Language Teaching in the above-mentioned high schools. However, the new form of evaluation requires further studies.

An event frequently goes beyond its own place and time in history and becomes a symbol of formation for national identity, even though there are always gaps, untold facts, or simply one of several versions of the history is told. Current paper clarifies some of the historical aspects that surrounded the establishing of Thanksgiving Day as an official holiday in the United States, and how this issue is dealt with in Native American Literature, especially in Sherman Alexie’s book The Absolutely true diary of a part time Indian. A postcolonial theoretical approach is used, emphasizing the concepts of transculturation, nation, resistance and subjectivity, based on the scholarly works by Bhabha (1998), Ashcroft et al. (2007) and Pratt (1992), coupled to Native American literary criticism by Vizenor (1998). Analyses show that, by using several strategies such as humor and criticism, Alexie questions not only the historical situation of the Native American in the United States, but also reveals the effects that those facts, which helped to produce US national thought, have on contemporary Native Americans.

Current study discusses an approach of hard rock, in English, for high school students, from a multimodal perspective. The songs are analyzed in terms of their musicality and literariness and hard rock is considered a historically constituted complex cultural movement. The aesthetics of violence, present in the rock’n’roll scenario, specifically focused on the themes of drugs and alcohol abuse, is analyzed from the perspective of multiliteracies, for the development of teenagers’ critical education. The paper is theoretically based on theory by Lévy (2010), Kress (2000) and Kalantzis and Cope (2000) for multiliteracy concepts and on Walser (1993) for the criticism on the musical language. Songs by the USA rock bands Metallica and Guns N’Roses are discussed.

This paper analyses the rewriting of John Thomas and Lady Jane (1977), the second version of a representative modern narrative, Lady Chatterley’s Lover (1928), by D. H. Lawrence, and the corresponding film, Lady Chatterley (2006), by the French director Pascale Ferran. Based on theoretical principles of film adaptation as translation (Cattrysse, 2014), on the discussion of translation as a kind of rewriting (Lefevere, 1992), and on principles of intersemiotic translation (Plaza, 2001), the aspects of the process of the main characters’ construction and the reception of the film will be discussed, as well as its role in the representation of Lawrence’s search for a classical unity in his vision of man.

Based on the assumption that the construction of interculturality in third places is essential for foreign/additional language teaching and learning, this paper aims at discussing how these third places are interactively constructed in real classrooms. In order to achieve that objective, I will first review some theoretical studies that have dealt with the construction of third places and interculturality in the classroom. Then, the methodological procedures will be explained. After that, I will contextualize, analyze and compare some real classroom episodes taken from different studies pointing out their different interactional features. The findings show that the episodes investigated present two types, having either an ‘essentialist cultural orientation’ or an ‘intercultural orientation’. In the former orientation, the episodes cannot be considered third places as culture is an object constructed as an entity in its own right (Liddicoat & Scarino, 2013). On the other hand, in the latter orientation, third places seem to be constructed as teachers and learners are seemingly interactively engaged in the practice of meaning-making by confronting different points of view.