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The diversity of soils and climate in Brazil imposes the need to evaluate the adaptation of fodder species to soil and climate conditions to guide producers and technicians in choosing the best alternatives for their region. The objective of this study was to evaluate and identify fodder cultivars for pasture and soil cover with tolerance to drought and high production in the sandy soils of southern Bahia, Brazil. The performance of 29 commercial cultivars of perennial and annual tropical forage species was evaluated in six cuts in 2019 and 2020. The green and dry mass yield per cut and the daily dry matter accumulation rate were evaluated considering the periods of water surplus and deficit and the drought tolerance index for each cultivar was estimated. Grass and legume cultivars showed differences in establishment, yield in the water surplus, and in the re-establishment after the water deficit. Based on the values of the drought tolerance index and in the dry mass daily yields before and after the water deficit, the cultivars adapted and indicated for regional continuous grazing were Xaraés, Marandu, Massai, Tanzânia, Paiaguás, and Zuri, in that order. The grasses B. ruziziensis and B. decumbens were indicated for use as cover plants after the harvest due to their high capacity of establishment and short-term production. The annual and perennial legume plants were also indicated for cover, and the combination of cultivars and their potential for straw in direct planting or use in integrated systems still need to be validated.

Atualmente, a Brachiaria brizantha Stapf é a gramínea forrageira tropical com maior área cultivada, no Brasil, e é responsável por grande parte do mercado de sementes e pelo incremento na produtividade animal. São muitos os genótipos superiores origináriosdo continente africano que estão contidos nos bancos de germoplasma. A seleção dos genótipos mais promissores deve ser realizada com base nos valores genotípicos preditos dos indivíduos. O procedimento-padrão para a predição de valores genéticos é o BLUP individual, usando estimativas de componentes de variância obtidas pelo método de máxima verossimilhança restrita (REML) em um modelo individual. Com o objetivo de selecionar os materiais superiores para características agronômicas, foram avaliados 218 genótipos de B. brizantha distribuídos em quatro campos experimentais na Embrapa Gado de Corte, em Campo Grande, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, e por um período mínimo de dois anos. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com três repetições e as testemunhas foram as cultivares Marandu e Xaraés. Foram estimados parâmetros genéticos para os caracteres: acúmulo de massa seca (MST), acúmulo de matéria seca foliar (MSF), matéria seca verde (MSV), porcentagem de folha (F(%)), rebrota (REB) e vigor. Concluiu-se que dois anos de medições são suficientes para seleção adotando-se um coeficiente de determinação de 80%.Currently, Brachiaria brizantha Stapf is the tropical grass with the largest cultivated area in Brazil, being responsible for a major part of the seed market and for the increase in animal production. There are several superior genotypes available in germplasm banks, collected from the African continent and in need of evaluation. The selection of these genotypes must be based on predicted genotype values of the individuals in function of being perennial plants and of unsexed propagation. The standard procedure for the prediction of genetic values is the individual BLUP (Best Linear Unbiased Predictor), using estimates of variance components achieved by the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) on an individual model. With the aim of selecting B. brizantha materials superior to the commercial cultivars in relation to the agronomic traits, 218 genotypes were evaluated at four experimental fields belonging to Embrapa Gadode Corte in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. The fields were evaluated at different times, being that field One was evaluated for three years, and the others for two years. The experimentaldesign used was that of randomized blocks in three replications, with Marandu and Xaraés cultivars as witnesses. Genetic parameters estimated for the caracters were: accumulation of dry mass (MST), accumulation of foliar dry matter (MSF), dry green matter (MSV), leafpercentage (F(%)), rebudding (REB) and vigor. It was concluded that two years of measurement are enough for selection, adopting a coefficient of determination of 80%.

Atualmente, a Brachiaria brizantha Stapf é a gramínea forrageira tropical com maior área cultivada, no Brasil, e é responsável por grande parte do mercado de sementes e pelo incremento na produtividade animal. São muitos os genótipos superiores originários do continente africano que estão contidos nos bancos de germoplasma. A seleção dos genótipos mais promissores deve ser realizada com base nos valores genotípicos preditos dos indivíduos. O procedimento-padrão para a predição de valores genéticos é o BLUP individual, usando estimativas de componentes de variância obtidas pelo método de máxima verossimilhança restrita (REML) em um modelo individual. Com o objetivo de selecionar os materiais superiores para características agronômicas, foram avaliados 218 genótipos de B. brizantha distribuídos em quatro campos experimentais na Embrapa Gado de Corte, em Campo Grande, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, e por um período mínimo de dois anos. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com três repetições e as testemunhas foram as cultivares Marandu e Xaraés. Foram estimados parâmetros genéticos para os caracteres: acúmulo de massa seca (MST), acúmulo de matéria seca foliar (MSF), matéria seca verde (MSV), porcentagem de folha (F(%)), rebrota (REB) e vigor. Concluiu-se que dois anos de medições são suficientes para seleção adotando-se um coeficiente de determinação de 80%.

Currently, Brachiaria brizantha Stapf is the tropical grass with the largest cultivated area in Brazil, being responsible for a major part of the seed market and for the increase in animal production. There are several superior genotypes available in germplasm banks, collected from the African continent and in need of evaluation. The selection of these genotypes must be based on predicted genotype values of the individuals in function of being perennial plants and of unsexed propagation. The standard procedure for the prediction of genetic values is the individual BLUP (Best Linear Unbiased Predictor), using estimates of variance components achieved by the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) on an individual model. With the aim of selecting B. brizantha materials superior to the commercial cultivars in relation to the agronomic traits, 218 genotypes were evaluated at four experimental fields belonging to Embrapa Gado de Corte in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. The fields were evaluated at different times, being that field One was evaluated for three years, and the others for two years. The experimental design used was that of randomized blocks in three replications, with Marandu and Xaraés cultivars as witnesses. Genetic parameters estimated for the characters were: accumulation of dry mass (MST), accumulation of foliar dry matter (MSF), dry green matter (MSV), leaf percentage (F(%)), rebudding (REB) and vigor. It was concluded that two years of measurement are enough for selection, adopting a coefficient of determination of 80%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]