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Background : : : Oral neoplasms are common in cats. Just the percentage of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for about 70% of all feline oral tumors also it is considered highly invasive and malignant. There are reports that the flea collar increases five times the risk oral SCC development. In addition, smoke exposure is also considered a risk factor, and the animals were exposed to tobacco when makes it self-cleaning. SCC well differentiated is characterized histologically by numerous keratin pearls formation and clearly evident intercellular bridges with poor mitotic activity and nuclear pleomorphism. The median age of cats with oral SCC is about 11-13 years, but, cats as young as three years and as old as twenty-one years have been previously reported. However, it was not found reports of oral SCC in cats at age younger than one year old. The aim of this article is reports one case of oral SCC feline at age of three months old. Five days after surgical procedure the patient returned to the veterinary and the owner report that it returned to eating well. Case : It was exanimate a three months old male mixed breed cat presenting oral volume increased and the biopsy test was suggested. However, the owner returned 3 months later when the animal showed tumor 6 cm in diameter, dysphagia, tongue protrusion, excessive salivation, halitosis and weight loss. It was indicated a wide surgical excision of tumoral mass. The tissue was submitted to histopathology. Discussion : The historical, macroscopic characteristics and predisponents factors may aid in carcinoma diagnosis, however, the cytologic or histological examination of tissue confirms this diagnosis. Therefore, the microscopic evaluation revealed a malignant neoplastic proliferation of stratified squamous epithelial cells desmosomal junctions evident, few foci keratin pearl formation and presence of mononuclear inflammatory reaction perifocal. A well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed by histological study. Thirty days after the surgical procedure, the animal showed a complete recovery with weight increase and eating normally. Thus, surgery proves to provide excellent quality of life maintenance for a long period of time and, although it had shown no signs of recurrence at the present moment, the literature describes that SCC long-term recurrences are common. Indeed, an important question is the quality of life of the felines with oral SCC, whereas this neoplasm led to a marked decrease in eating and drinking due to pain. Therefore, the treatment target is making the possible to maintain an excellent quality of life as long as possible. With the surgery was possible the maintenance of an excellent quality of life for a longer period. An early diagnosis could have defined the need for surgical procedure before the animal presented clinical signs characteristic, whereas represent a locally invasive neoplasm with poor response to conventional treatments models and unfavorable prognosis. Actually, increased incidences of SCC have been associated with clinical and preventive veterinary medicine improvements, which led to the prolongation of life to this animal, becoming more susceptible to senile disease, but this paper reports one case of oral SCC feline at age of three months old.

Background : : : : Feline Cushing’s syndrome (FCS) is a disorder of excessive cortisol secretion by the adrenal glands and is rare in cats. The most frequently observed clinical signs are polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia which are also consistent with diabetes mellitus . These diabetic cats are often insulin resistants. The dexamethasone suppression test is considered the test of choice for the diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism. The majority of cats with naturally occurring Cushing’s syndrome have pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism and it is caused by functional microadenoma or macroadenoma pituitary. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging is helpful in diagnosis of pituitary tumors. Treatments of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism include surgery of the pituitary or adrenals, radiation of the pituitary, and medical therapies. Bilateral adrenalectomy continues to represent the best long-term therapeutic strategy until hypophysectomy becomes more widely available. This paper reports a cat with macroadenoma pituitary causing hiperadrenocorticism and insulin resistance. Case : A 12-year-old female castrated Brazilian shorthair cat was referred to the veterinary due to polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss and polyphagia. The presence of hyperglycemia (blood glucose >250 mg/dl), glucosuria and elevated fructosamine concentration revealed diabetes mellitus . Insulin therapy was introduced but the glycemia was poorly controlled despite the high dose of insulin. Concomitant disease was suspected. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed bilaterally enlarged adrenals. The dexamethasone suppression test showed pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Computed tomography or hypophysectomy wasn‘t available. Medical therapy with mitotane was introduced but anorexia and vomiting developed. Bilateral adrenalectomy was performed without complications and histological evaluation of adrenal revealed hyperplasia. After surgery, treatment with mineralcorticoids and glucocorticoids was introduced. The cat had resolution of clinical signs and insulin requirements were decreased. According to the owner, three weeks after surgery, the cat showed abnormal behavior, compulsive walking and circling. The cat died eight months after bilateral adrenalectomy. A complete necropsy was performed and histopathological examination confirmed the pituitary macroadenoma. Discussion : Insulin resistance should be suspected in diabetic cat if control of glycemia is poor despite the high insulin dosage. Clinical signs related to poorly controlled diabetes mellitus are common in cats with hyperadrenocorticism. Hyperadrenocorticism can cause severe insulin resistance and it is often associated with a pituitary macrotumor. Pituitary tumors may lead to hypercotisolism. Bilateral adrenalectomy is a viable alternative to transphenoidal hypophysectomy for treatment of feline pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism when hypophysectomy is not available. Neurological signs can be a result of pituitary tumors and they can get worse after the adrenalectomy because of the enlargement of the tumor. Despite of clinical signs, the cat had improved in response to the bilateral adrenalectomy and had a good quality of life during eight months after surgery.

Background: : : Vascular ring anomalies were congenital malformation of the great vessels, caused by defects in embryogenesis of the aortic arches. In dogs the most common type is persistent right aortic arch (PRAA). The PRAA occurs when the fourth right aortic arch persists instead of left to form the aorta. This malformation causes extraluminal compression of the esophagus up to the base of the heart. The constriction leads to esophageal dilatation secondary, located cranial to the base heart. The food, which can not progress beyond the narrowing, is regurgitated intermittently. Thus, the main clinical sign of disease is regurgitation when the patient starts eating solid foods. Respiratory clinical signs (mainly pneumonia by aspiration) may occur and can complicate the disease. The diagnosis is suspected by history (puppies at weaning) and physical examination. The diagnosis is confirmed by the esophagogram, where the image is characteristic (esophagic dilatation cranial base of the heart). The treatment of the affection is surgical, with transection and ligature of the vascular ring, viewed during thoracotomy by fourth intercostal space. The postoperative management which consists mainly of liquid diet and/or pasty is important for total recovery of the animal. In some cases, the animal must receive a special diet for life to prevent regurgitation. However at long term, most operated animal presents important sequels. These sequelae include respiratory disorders and low development of animal. The objective of the present paper is to relate a case of bitch with persistent right aortic arch, successful treated surgically, without serious clinical consequences. Case: A mongrel bitch with 2 months of age was attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of the Piauí, Brazil, with vomiting. At the clinical examination was observed increase in volume in the cervical region. Radiographic examination revealed dilatation cranial to the heart base, characterizing megaesohagus. The diagnosis was PRAA. The dog was submitted at thoracotomy by fourth right intercostal space. The ligamentum arteriosum was localized and ligated at the distal and craniallly. During transoperative was made blood transfusion for correction of the anemia detected in preoperative period. The chest wall was closed routinely. Two days after surgery the dog was discharged. The postoperative diet consisted of liquids for a week, followed by semi-solid food always in bipedal position. After discharge, the owner returned for monthly visits for a year, with completion of physical examination and radiographs. Discussion: PRAA is most common in purebred dog, but in this case the animal is a mixed breed dog. The diagnosis was suspected due to history, and confirmed by esophagogram, where there was megaesophagus cranial to the heart base, according by literature. The surgical treatment, rapidly decided, and the absence of pneumonia, which is the main complication postsurgical, contributed to the observed good results. The blood transfusion to correct anemia also was important for the recovery of the animal. There is an esophageal dilatation after one year, however no clinical manifestation occurs. The dog has a normal life. Excellent results as in the case reported here have a slower rate than 10%.

This paper describes circatrigintan progress of some electrocardiographic parameters and of the serum electrolytes in the jumper horse during a period of pre-competitive training performed in order to define the temporal organization of some parameters employed to evaluate the athletic performance of the horse. Five Sella Italiana horses, clinically healthy and specifically trained have been utilized for the study. All the subjects have undergone electrocardiographic recordings and blood sample takings by means of jugular venopuncture, at rest and always at the same hour, every five days for a period of one month. The following electrocardiographic parameters have been measured on individual ECG-recordings: P wave duration and amplitude, P-Q interval duration, QRS complex duration, R wave amplitude, T wave duration, S-T segment duration, Q-T interval duration, the longest and shortest R-R intervals; besides, mean R-R interval and D R-R, the highest, lowest and mean heart rate, have been calculated. The concentrations of magnesium, calcium, phosphorus and chlorine and of sodium and potassium have been determined on the blood samples, respectively by UV spectrophotometry and by flaming. The application of a statistic trigonometric model has permitted to point out the circatrigintan periodicity of the following electrocardiographic parameters: P wave duration, T wave duration, R wave amplitude, mean R-R interval and mean heart rate, and of the following serum electrolytes: sodium and magnesium. Based on these results, it is hypothesized that the cardiovascular system follows a “deterministic” progress with a “linear” variability systematically predictable within the temporal period considered.

Grandes prejuízos na reprodução eqüina podem ser causados por afecções ovarianas, dentre elas, podemos citar: hematomas, abscessos e torções de ovário, distúrbios neoplasicos, como os tumores de células germinativas, tumores mesenquimatosos, tumores das células da granulosa e tumores de células da teca (tecoma) sendo que, entre estes, o tecoma é considerado raro. Os tecomas são hormonalmente ativos causando alterações no comportamento e no ciclo estral das éguas. Por ser de apresentação rara, os detalhes da clínica, ultrassonografia, endocrinologia e histologia desse tumor não são descritos na literatura veterinária. O presente trabalho descreve o caso de uma égua submetida a ovariectomia unilateral para remoção de um tumor no ovário esquerdo que no exame histopatológico foi caracterizado como tecoma. O procedimento e a evolução do caso foram satisfatórios e o animal recebeu alta após a retirada dos pontos de pele em 15 dias. Decorrido um ano da cirurgia, o animal encontra-se com ovário direito funcional e ciclando o que demonstra êxito no tratamento adotado. The ovarian pathologies reduce the reproductive performance. The most common ovarian pathologies are hematoma, abscess, torsion and neoplasm, such as germinative cells tumors, mesenquimatous tumors, granulosa cell tumors and theca cell tumors. The last one is denominated thecoma and ist considered a rare neoplasm. These tumors produce hormones, causing changes in the mare’s attitude and in the estral cycle. Due to its rarity, the details of its clinical presentation, ultrasound, endocrinology and histology are not described in veterinary literature. The present paper reports the case of a mare, which was submitted to unilateral ovariectomy in order to remove the affected (left) ovary and the tumor. The surgery and the evolution of the patient were satisfactory. The animal was discharged fifteen days after the surgery as the stitches were already taken. One year after the surgery the mare has follicular activity and accepts mating. Therefore we concluded that the treatment choused was successful.