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This paper discusses the evolution of the microstructure during grain growth and recrystallisation, modelled using the Monte Carlo technique. The properties of alloys and metals subjected to plastic deformation and annealing are significantly influenced by the grain growth and recrystallisation processes. Modelling the recrystallisation process enables the simulation of various driving forces at a fundamental level by defining energy conditions for each individual element. The calculations facilitate the observation of microstructural evolution and the generation of structures consistent with any set of postulates, allowing both the dynamics and the physical processes of grain growth and recrystallisation to be simulated. The paper describes a recrystallisation model based on a two-dimensional array containing 40 000 elements. Each element in the array is assigned a number symbolising the orientation of the grain in which the given element is embedded, along with a value of the free energy of the grain boundary. The internal energy for a given grain is also specified. Four types of nucleation have been modelled. Based on the results obtained, the Monte Carlo technique is considered to be an effective tool for modelling recrystallisation processes, allowing the introduction of many different driving forces. The model presented in the work enables the simulation of the nature of local energy conditions and dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phenomenon of primary recrystallization in metallic materials is a complex process that involves nucleation and growth of new grains from the deformed microstructure during post-deformation annealing heat treatment. In this study, we compare the experimental and numerical simulation results of primary recrystallization in metallic materials. The experimental tests were carried out on ARMCO iron samples extruded to 10, 20, and 30% of deformation degree and annealed at 973 K for 300 s. Microsections of the deformed and annealed specimens were analyzed using a metallographic microscope and Joyce-Loebl image analyzer. The numerical simulations were performed using a Monte Carlo algorithm to model the primary recrystallization of variable nucleation rate. On the basis of the classification given by Christian, four types of nucleation were simulated: site-saturated nucleation, constant nucleation rate, increasing nucleation rate, and decreasing nucleation rate, with different magnitudes of stored energy. Our results show that the decreasing nucleation rate model best fits the experimental data. The comparison between the experimental and numerical simulation results provides insights into the nucleation and growth of new grains during primary recrystallization in metallic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]