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Aim: To investigate whether endothelin-1 (ET-1) can promote human umbilical artery smooth muscle cell (HUASMC) proliferation through pathway of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and cyclin D1., Methods: The effects of ET-1 and PD98059 on HUASMC were evaluated by MTT assay. The content of DNA was defined by [3H]TdR assay and cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytomerty. Western blot analysis was employed to detect the active phosphorylated state of ERK and the expression of cylin D1., Results: Firstly, ET-1 (100 nmol/L) stimulated HUASMC proliferation compared with the group without ET-1 (P<0.05) and PD98059 group (P<0.05). PD98059 inhibited the HUASMC proliferation stimulated by ET-1 (P<0.05). Secondly, ET-1 stimulated DNA synthesis of HUASMC compared with the group without ET-1 (P<0.05). Thirdly, ET-1 promoted the cell cycle transition from G0/G1 phase to S phase. G0/G1 phase cell percentage was obviously decreased compared with the group without ET-1 (P<0.05). S phase cell percentage was increased compared with the group without ET-1 (P<0.05). Fourthly, ET-1 increased the phosphorylated level of ERK and the expression of cylin D1, an inhibitor of ERK blocked phosphorylated level of ERK and cyclin D1 expression. ERK phosphorylated level of ET-1 group was evidently increased compared with PD98059 group (P<0.05), Cyclin D1 protein expression also was increased compared with PD98059 group (P<0.05). While nonphosphorylated ERK expression remained unchanged., Conclusion: Endothelin-1 promoted vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation through pathway of ERK and cyclin D1.

Aim: To observe the polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene in Northern Hans, Dahurs, and Ewenkis of China., Methods: The polymerase chain reaction was used to type the insertion/deletion polymorphism at intron 16 of ACE gene among 90 Northern Hans, 84 Dahurs, and 64 Ewenkis individuals. The experiment displayed the distribution in three kinds of ACE genotype: ID (heterozygotes of insertion and deletion), DD (homozygotes of deletion), and II (homozytes of insertion)., Results: In Northern Hans the percentages of the distributing ACE I/D genotype were ID 27.8 %, DD 17.8 %, and II 54.4 %. The I/D genotype frequency of Dahurs individuals were ID 60.7 %, DD 26.2 %, and II 13.1 %. The Ewenkis genotype frequency were ID 70.3 %, DD 21.9 %, and II 7.8 %., Conclusion: The polymorphism of ACE gene of Northern Hans is different from that of Dahurs and Ewenkis in China.