Search

Purpose: While the postoperative closure rate of idiopathic macular holes (IMH) is quite high, its success rate and visual prognosis differ depending on macular hole (MH) characteristics. This study investigated the IMH progression rate before vitrectomy. Methods: This retrospective study compared optical coherence tomography (OCT) taken at baseline and on operation day for patients with stage 2, 3 and 4 IMH to determine the changes in minimum linear diameter (MLD), base diameter (BD), height and MH index (MHI). The IMH progression rate was calculated by dividing each difference in OCT parameters by the time interval. Results: A total of 224 eyes of 216 patients were included. The average time interval from baseline to operation was 35.59 ± 23.43 (7–137) days. Final visual acuity was related to preoperative MLD, BD, best‐corrected visual acuity and time interval between baseline and operation (p = 0.005, p = 0.003, p <0.001 and p = 0.005 respectively). Between baseline and operation, the average MLD and BD increased significantly (all p <0.001). The average progression rates of MLD and BD assessed by simple regression analysis were 0.698 μm/day (R2 = 0.066, p <0.001) and 1.368 μm/day (R2 = 0.097, p <0.001) respectively. When patients were classified according to the MH stage, the progression rates of MLD and BD in those with stage 2 MH were significantly faster than those with stage 3 or 4 MH. Conclusion: The relatively smaller MHs in stage 2 progress faster than those in stages 3 and 4. Therefore, it would ultimately be beneficial to perform vitrectomy without delay in patients with stage 2 MH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of myopia control defined by axial elongation and safety of orthokeratology lenses (OKL) in a Scandinavian (Danish) population. Methods: Sixty Danish children aged 6–12 years with myopia ranging from 0.5 to 4.75 dioptres (D) spherical component and refractive astigmatism ≤2.5 D in both eyes were randomly assigned to either OKL or single‐vision spectacles (SVS). Study duration was 18 months. Outcome measures were axial length (AL) measured with Lenstar LS900 (Haag‐Streit, Koeniz, Switzerland) and adverse events graded with Efron Grading Scale for Contact Lens Complications. Results: Nineteen participants completed the 18‐month follow‐up in the OKL group and 28 in the SVS group. The average AL elongation in the OKL group was 0.24 mm smaller as compared to the SVS group (95% confidence interval 0.12–0.36, mixed model adjusted for baseline sex, age and AL). There were no fast progressors (>0.75 D/year) in the OKL group during the follow‐up period in contrast to 22% in the SVS group. No treatment‐requiring or vision‐threatening adverse events were observed. Conclusion: Orthokeratology lenses reduced AL elongation in myopic Scandinavian children by 59%, with no treatment‐requiring or vision‐threatening adverse events. The results align with outcomes of previous clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]