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In recent years, whole genome association studies have been conducted to identify genetic variants associated with the interindividuality of response to dietary treatments for weight loss. These nutritional genomics efforts contribute to the advancement of nutrition science 4.0: preventive, participatory, predictive and personalized. However, although to date more than 85 million polymorphisms have been discovered in the human genome, these findings do not indicate that the presence of these variations determines an effect on a personal health. Therefore, the use of the nutrigenetic profile for weight loss leads to analyze the risks/benefits with the bioethical principles focused on the unity, individuality and uniqueness of the human person. Thus, based on classical thinkers such as Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas, but with the contribution of contemporary philosophers, such as Robert Spaemman, the person is defined as an individual substance of a rational nature, breaking down the fundamental dimensions to demonstrate, by argumentation, that the principle individuality not only includes the biological dimension (materialistic naturalism), but the unity of the person belonging to human nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From materialistic bioethics developed by the Spanish philosopher Gustavo Bueno and performing an updated review of the existing literature, I present the principles of bioethics child, a classification of issues that arise in this area of knowledge as well as the main problems that arise when incorporating the child as a subject of the bioethical issues. The purpose of this paper is to show how from the status of the child, the children's Bioethics is irreducible to the matters dealt with by the standard bioethics, which it takes like reference to the adult subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of prenatal diagnosis causes a controversial dilemma. Some authors sustain that it favors better development and adaptation of the child to be born and family, since, by defining the moral statute of the fetus as inherent, he/she must receive the same moral considerations that the child already born. Others consider that avoiding the birth of children with these pathologies is a preventive measure to diminish the prevalence of genetic diseases. Thus, the child to be born is not considered a person and the disability is interpreted as damage for the child and his/her family, which must be avoided. There is tension to determine whether prenatal diagnosis is a medical practice to the service of human beings with the goal to limit damage and human suffering, or rather an eugenic liberal practice. Three concepts are involved in this conflict: the person, disability and prevention of diseases. The goal of this article is to reflect about the interpretation of these concepts in different bioethical views, in order to reach a better understanding of them and applying technological advances while respecting human condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]