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The solubility of eplerenone (EP) in 13 pure solvents (acetonitrile, N , N -dimethylformamide (DMF), acetone, 2-butanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, ethyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, ethanol, and 1-propanol) was determined by the gravimetric method at atmospheric pressure and various temperatures (from 283.15 to 323.15 K). The results showed that the solubility of EP in the selected solvents was positively correlated with the thermodynamic temperature, and the order of solubility of EP at 298.15 K was acetonitrile > DMF > 2-butanone > methyl acetate > 4-methyl-2-pentanone > methyl propionate > ethyl acetate > propyl acetate > ethyl formate > acetone > butyl acetate > ethanol >1-propanol. The modified Apelblat model, van't Hoff model, λ h model, and polynomial empirical model were used for fitting the solubility data, and then the λ h model was found to have the highest fitting accuracy with a minimum ARD of 7.0 × 10 -3 and a minimum RMSD of 6.1 × 10 -6 . The solvent effect between the solute and the solvent was analyzed using linear solvation energy relationship (LSER), and the enthalpy of solvation (Δ sol H° ), entropy of solvation (Δ sol S° ), and Gibbs free energy of solvation (Δ sol G° ) of the dissolution process of EP were calculated by the van't Hoff model, which indicated that the dissolution process of EP in the selected solvents was endothermic, nonspontaneous, and entropy-increasing. In this work, the solubility, dissolution characteristics, and thermodynamic parameters of EP were studied, which will provide data support for the production, crystallization, and purification of EP and will provide important guidance for the crystallization optimization of EP in industry., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)

Ti6Al4V is widely used in implants in the fields of orthopedics and dentistry due to its high compressive strength and good biocompatibility. Nevertheless, Ti6Al4V has a certain degree of biological inertness and the elastic modulus of Ti6Al4V is much higher than the cortex and trabecular bone. In this study, we designed and printed a new type of pore size Ti6Al4V with like-trabecular structure scaffold (the pore size is 800/900/1000 μm, named P8/P9/P10, respectively) with electron beam melting (EBM). Its elastic modulus, compressive strength, and other physical and chemical properties, as well as cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation ability and in vitro biological properties were studied. The physical and chemical performance test results showed that as the pore size increased, the surface wettability increased and the elastic modulus decreased. As the pore size increased, F-actin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased significantly, and osteogenesis-related genes including BMP2, OCN, RUNX2, and ALP were upregulated significantly. The reason may be that the components on the Ti6Al4V pore size may have an influence on intracellular signal conversion and then change the mode of cell proliferation and diffusion. In summary, the like-trabecular porous structure can effectively reduce the elastic modulus of metal materials, thereby avoiding stress concentration and promoting the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts. Porous materials with larger pores are more conducive to the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. The irregular porous Ti6Al4V scaffold prepared by the EBM technology has good mechanical properties and the potential to promote adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts, and has the possibility of application in the field of implantation., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2020 American Chemical Society.)

In this study, we report organic solar cells (OSCs) fabricated by a polymer-small molecule: the fullerene ternary active layer. It is found that a significantly enhanced power conversion efficiency contributed to the enhanced short-circuit current density and fill factor (FF). Investigation of absorption spectra and external quantum efficiency spectra indicate that the enhancement in photocurrent originates from the improved light absorption attributed to the small molecule. Further investigations by grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy reveal that charge transport within the ternary active layer is facilitated by a reduced π-π distance between the adjacent polymer chains along the out-of-plane direction, good miscibilities between ternary components, and the rougher surface of the resultant thin film. As a result, the hole mobility of the polymer electron donor and electron mobility of the fullerene electron acceptor are considerably increased, resulting in enhanced FFs. Our studies provide a facile route to realize efficient OSCs., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest.