1. HIV Infection Is Independently Associated with Increased CT Scan Lung Density.
- Author
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Drummond MB, Lambert AA, Hussien AF, Lin CT, Merlo CA, Wise RA, Kirk GD, and Brown RH
- Subjects
- Chronic Disease, Cohort Studies, Female, Forced Expiratory Volume physiology, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Lung diagnostic imaging, Lung pathology, Lung Diseases pathology, Lung Diseases physiopathology, Male, Middle Aged, Spirometry methods, Tidal Volume physiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Vital Capacity physiology, HIV Infections pathology, Lung Diseases diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Rationale and Objectives: Noninfectious pulmonary complications are common among HIV-infected individuals and may be detected early by quantitative computed tomography (CT) scanning. The association of HIV disease markers with CT lung density measurement remains poorly understood., Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty-five participants free of spirometry-defined lung disease were recruited from a longitudinal cohort study of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals to undergo standardized CT scan of the chest. Parenchymal density for the entire lung volume was calculated using computerized software. Qualitative assessment of CT scans was conducted by two radiologists masked to HIV status. Linear regression models were developed to determine the independent association of markers of HIV infection on inspiratory scan mean lung density (MLD)., Results: HIV-infected participants had a significantly higher MLD (denser lung) compared to HIV-uninfected participants (-815 Hounsfield unit [HU] vs -837 HU; P = 0.002). After adjusting for relevant covariates, HIV infection was independently associated with 19.9 HU higher MLD (95% CI 6.04 to 33.7 HU; P = 0.005). In qualitative assessment, only ground glass attenuation and cysts were noted more commonly among HIV-infected individuals compared to HIV-uninfected individuals (34% vs 17% [P = 0.045] and 27% vs 10% [P = 0.03], respectively). No qualitative radiographic abnormalities attenuated the association between HIV infection and increased MLD., Conclusions: HIV infection is independently associated with increased lung density. Although qualitative CT abnormalities were common in this cohort, only ground glass attenuation and cysts were noted more frequently in HIV-infected participants, suggesting that the increased lung density observed among HIV-infected individuals may be associated with subclinical inflammatory lung changes., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest for any author as it pertains to this manuscript., (Copyright © 2017 The Association of University Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
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