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Hybrid generation systems are very essential to meet the demand of power and rural electrification. Autonomous hybrid energy system integrates the different sources of power such as solar, wind, fuel cell etc. This paper develops a model of autonomous energy system to control frequency. The aim of the paper is to design a Proportional-Integral (PI) based autonomous hybrid energy system for minimizing the frequency deviation in the wind, diesel, aqua electrolyzer, fuel cell, battery energy storage system and compare its performance and robustness with firefly algorithm. Firefly algorithm is used to optimize the gain of PI controller for reducing the deviation in frequency. For checking the effectiveness of the developed control schemes for enhancement of the hybrid power system small scale stability, variation in generation and load both are considered. Time domain simulations are performed under generation and load varying conditions. In past classic PI controllers are tuned manually which is complicated. Results show that soft computing techniques Firefly algorithm methods have proved their excellence to minimize frequency deviation.

With the change in the global climatic conditions and the increasing global warming has resulted in increased usage of energy which indeed has resulted in increased use of consumption of fossil fuels like coal. If this increased usage of fossil fuel will continue, the time is near when these natural resources will extinct. Thus there is a requirement carbon- free natural energy sources to replace fossil fuels. The extraction of energy from the biomass wastes by its anaerobic degradation with the help of different technologies adopted and will be leading to the use of renewable energy systems effectively and efficiently. In this contest one of the best methods to extract and utilize the energy from the biological wastes which includes, Kitchen wastes, Agricultural wastes; Animal wastes etc are the set up and generation of biogas plant. This paper discusses production of energy from kitchen wastes, kitchen wastes can be utilized in broadly two ways: first majorly for the production of biogas which in turn is converted into energy and secondly remaining energy extracted waste themselves can be used as nutrient rich organic fertilizer for land. The main objective of this paper was the production of biogas using kitchen wastes, therefore there is a requirement of an anaerobic digester which will digest and utilize food waste from kitchen to generate biogas. The quantity of waste produced was found enough in amount to produce sufficient biogas for the purpose of power generation. This technology of biogas production could be a cost effective and reliable investment for the institute to make.

The worlds increasing demand of electricity and lessening of fossil fuels has created a condition for serious concern to search for new inexhaustible resources to fulfill the future electrical energy demand. In this study a techno-economic comparison of a grid connected residential load is made with the grid connected residential load along with solar PV panels based on Net-Metering system. The design implementation and analysis is accomplished by using HOMER Software. This paper also considers the feasibility analysis of solar radiations at the described location. It is observed here that the system under consideration gives minimum expenditure when connected with solar PV panels. Simulations result shows that the total net present cost along with cost of energy and annual operational cost is reduced significantly when compared with the existing grid system. In this system the grid has same rates for selling and buying of electrical energy and a payback period analysis is also carried out with the proposed system.