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The adoption of Life Cycle Costing has been very slow although it is advocated widely in the world. This paper attempts to highlight the information flow serving as the requirement of LCC by illustrating three LCC analysis methods. Several issues pertinent to LCC information integration based on a brief and representative literature review is presented. An Owner-oriented LCC Information Integration approach (OLII) is suggested as a response and its feasibility is analyzed by an empirical case study. In case study it is revealed that owner is more willing to integrate the LCC information and the agreements such as a call for bidding, contract even partnership with bidder and a Logbook with asset's users could work as gateway to facilitate, integrate, and reconcile different format data to an uniform tailored LCC model which acts as an underlying agreement.

The paper based public transport ticketing system, prevailing in the megacity Dhaka (Bangladesh), introduces severe malfunction in the system, malicious argument among public, corruption and most of all traffic jam. This paper actually suggests a much more public friendly, automated system of ticketing as well as the credit transaction with the use of RFID based tickets. The total system mainly acts to bring out the consistency among various bus agencies that will conclude in uniform access of passengers in daily rides through an automated server being updated every single time the passengers travel by carrying the RFID based tickets.

An online energy analysis system for paper machine dryer section is developed. The data and information share is realized in different types of database. Supervisory and analysis software plays an important role in the system, such as iFIX of GE and eTMS. the techniques of gathering and analyzing the real time data from the paper machine dryer section and communication between different software are also introduced. The running result of the test shows that the system has a good effect for the paper machine optimizing operation, energy-saving, and consumption-reducing.

This paper based on the principle of value chain and competition theory from professor Michael Porter. According to analysing the components of TD-LTE industry value chains as well as their functions and competition status, constrasting the difference between TD-SCDMA value chains and TD-LTE value chains, we get the conclusion of that network situation, sevice solutions and UE performence will determine the success of TD-LTE industry, encouraging cooperation amony value chains and setting up a all-win competition mode in TD-LTE industry is necessary, the mobile operator should be the center of the value chains with the aim of developing the TD-LTE industry value chains regularly.

By the intermittent test, we studied the acid fermentation rule after mixing excess sludge and distiller's grains. The results showed that the control sample and by the proportion of 0.2g/gTS, 0.4g/gTS, 0.6g/gTS added distiller's grains to the 4 reactors, the maximums of SCOD reached 775.83mg/L, 1136.92 mg/L, 1427.77mg/L and 2609.48mg/L, the TS loss ratios were 12.00%, 15.69%, 16.92% and 19.25%. With the increasing amount of distiller's grains added in, improving the performance of sludge dewatering centrifuge. At the same time, the activity of micro-organisms in the sludge is even greater. By means of molecular biology active sludge of microbial extract DNA, then PCR amplification, DGGE separation of PCR products, obtained fingerprints of microbial sludge. The results from the perspective of molecular biology to further confirm the above view. The acid fermentation after mixing sludge with distiller's grains can achieve on both resource use and the purpose of sludge reduction.

The statement of Multi-Agent technology is to solve the complex distributional real world problems, and develop the large-scale smart software system, which is in the dynamic and indefinite environment, vigorous and healthy. The intellectualized management experiment platform is an effective tool to enhance the organization's decision scientific nature, the accuracy and highly effectiveness, save the costs and the circumvention risks, and promote the competitiveness. The paper proposed an intelligent decision simulation experiment system (IDSES), which is based on the multi-Agent technology. It carries on the simulation to the discrete event of the management activity in the real world, and it has characteristics of complexly distributional, dynamic and environmental uncertainty, and so on, it is a large-scale simulation experiment platform. The paper elaborates this system's architecture and ultra strong experimental ability in detail. It designs functions and structures of the involved Isomerism Agents, which are more than 20 kinds, and it gives the work flow diagram of the planning subsystem. The IDSES is based on the Internet. Composed with the traditional simulation, it has expanded the functions of strategy gambling and the machine plan, and it will completely integrate the plane (decision-making)from the operation level to the strategic level into the experiment system, using the method of person - machine interaction, the person - person interacting and the person - machine - network interaction to achieve the experiment effect of program planning, the program evaluation, the comparing and choosing of program and the strategy gambling simulation, it has outstanding features of integrated, visualized, intellectualized and open.

The paper presents a thermodynamic model for a scroll compressor used for Compressed Air Energy Storage. The model includes energy conservation equation, instantaneous volume equation and gas leakage equation. The numerical simulation results are achieved by means of the 4th order Runge-Kutta method under Matlab and are compared with the experimental values. Different performance parameters of the scroll compressor including the delivery, pneumatic power and energy conversion efficiency are analyzed. The comparison between the simulation and the experiment indicates that all the parameters show the same changing trend with some deviation, which may be caused by some ignored factors in the thermodynamic model like the heat loss, the throttling loss and the mechanical friction loss. Finally the paper provides the suitable running conditions for the experimental prototype.

Semantic web technology is one of the new research fields with huge development foreground. First, the paper briefly introduces digital library technology and system structure of digital library, and analyzes the function of resource description on the general efficiency of digital library. Second, in the light of the application of digital library, the paper expounds the discussion in detail upon the semantic web technology and relative theory of ontology and makes a minute introduction on the description method of semantic web. Then, the paper designed a semantic web-based semantic description frame of digital library resource. Many low efficiency problems that caused by traditional resource organization mode have been solved through this frame,flame. Finally, this paper tests and verifies all solved problems by using concrete examples, and thus verified the validity and feasibility of the semantic description franc of digital library that put forwarded by the author.

With the rapid development of virtualization technology, virtual machine (VM) is widely used by cloud computing - the more and more popular computing paradigm. Thus, in order to guarantee the security of cloud computing, it is necessary to securely identify the kernel of VM, the software stack running on VM and the hardware platform which VM relies on. This paper designs a system of trusted connection based on virtual machine architecture and implements a system prototype. Our system not only can securely measure and identify the kernel of VM, the software stack running on VM and the hardware platform which VM relies on, but also can realize isolations to untrusted VMs. There are three main parts in our system: trusted chain, attestation and isolation. The experiments described in this paper prove that our system ensures trusted connection of VMs and achieves isolations to untrusted VMs. The performance of our system is also analyzed and evaluated. According to the analysis results, our system is practical in terms of performance.

This paper argued that information technology (IT) can improve innovation performance in higher education institutions (HEIs) and provided evidence of a linkage between IT investments and innovation performance in HEIs. Based on extensive empirical research, using comparative and dynamic analysis, the paper presented the integrated architecture of IT and educational innovation and explained what its competitive value is. Furthermore, this paper discussed the difficulties of IT investment in HEIs and described what needed to be done to make this linkage successful.

In this paper, we intend to establish the PIDE pricing model of interest rate swap with default risk under Variance Gamma process. Under the assumption of the dynamics assets price process of a counterparty with Variance Gamma (VG) process, we treat the assets price process as a direct variable in the partial integro-differential equation (PIDE) of interest rate swap pricing, different from the working paper, in which they treat the default risk calculated from the Variance Gamma process as an item of the adjustment interest rate. At the end of this paper, we give a numerical result from the PIDE and find that a one hundred basis point of credit spread (bond spread) only results in 0.115 basis point in swap spread.

Spatial Data Warehouses (SDWs) combine spatial databases (SDBs) and data warehouses (DWs) allowing analysis of historical data. This data can be queried using Spatial On-Line Analytical Processing (SOLAP). SDW and SOLAP systems are emerging areas that raise several research issues. In this paper, we refer to a different problem existing in SDWs that motivated us to propose a framework - a conceptual multidimensional model able to express users' requirements for SDW and SOLAP applications. We present a different research direction that is important to consider providing satisfactory solutions for SDW and for SOLAP systems. That important area is spatial query optimization. For the past several years, the research on spatial database systems has actively progressed because the applications using the spatial information such as geographic information systems (GIS), computer aided design (CAD) and multimedia systems have increased. However, most of the research has dealt with only a part of spatial database systems such as data models, spatial indexes, spatial join algorithms, or cost models. There has been a little research on the spatial query optimization which can integrate them. Most of the spatial query optimization techniques published until now has not properly reflected the characteristics of the SDBs. This paper presents query optimization strategies which take the characteristics of SDBs into account. The application of standard query processing and optimization techniques in the context of an integrated SDB environment is discussed.

A line-of-sight (LOS) Locating algorithm for staring imaging is presented in this paper. Staring imaging is an imaging mode for aerial remote sensor, which photographs the designated earth-fixed target in multidirections. Therefore, the details of interesting targets is available. For the target obscured or disguised, its advantage becomes more apparent. This paper proposes the method using two-axis rotation to achieve staring imaging, and establishes the system model and the associated coordinates. Adopting the method of coordinate transformation, the LOS Locating algorithm is constructed, which determines the LOS direction. For the validation of algorithm, Target Geolocation Algorithm is established using Simulink library blocks. Eventually, it proves the feasibility of the LOS Locating algorithm. This article provides a thought of LOS Locating algorithm for staring imaging. The method of coordinate transformation used in this paper can be applied to line-of-sight positioning in other imaging modes.

This paper introduced a stochastic disturbance and an attractive operator into the standard particle swarm optimization (SPSO) algorithm to improve its performance in a predefined number of generations. It termed as stochastic disturbance particle swarm optimization based on attractive operator (SDPSO). In this paper, the concept of attractive operator is recommended that every particle has its own flight direction during the process of optimization, thus it increase the possibility of finding out a potential optimum, moreover, a stochastic disturbance is presented that aim to prevent the particles trapping into local optimum. The experiment results show that the SDPSO algorithm provides better solutions than the SPSO algorithm.

This Quantum evolutionary algorithm is a newly developed method of probability optimization based on principles of quantum computing. Regarding complex optimization problems, quantum evolutionary algorithm has a strong search capability and the most optimal performance. Network intrusion detection problem can be converted into the one of data optimal classification, thus this paper introduces the quantum evolutionary algorithm to achieve the whole optimization process. The comparison simulation experiments have been carried out and the experimental results show the feasibility and effectiveness of methods proposed by this paper.

In this paper, a novel algorithm called Receding Horizon Kalman Particle Filter (RHKPF) has been proposed and is applied to our improved fingerprint-based WLAN vehicle positioning system. The RHKPF is a particle filter that the optimal importance density is approximated by incorporating the most current measurement through a Receding Horizon Kalman Filter (RHKF), for that the RHKF is believed to be robust against temporary modeling uncertainties since it utilizes only finite measurements on the most recent horizon. In this paper, the RHKPF and the Kalman Particle Filter (KPF) are both applied to the WLAN-based vehicle positioning system with temporary measurement modeling uncertainty. Through simulations we find that, although the KPF has the property of robustness compared with the RHKPF when there is temporary modeling uncertainty, whereas the RHKPF has the property of fast convergence after temporary modeling uncertainty disappears compared with the KPF. So we propose a scheme called KPF-RHKPF that both of the RHKPF and the KPF are used to estimate the position of the vehicle, that is, when there is a modeling uncertainty, the estimation results of the KPF are used as the estimation of the vehicle, and when the modeling uncertainty disappears, the estimation results of the RHKPF is used as the vehicle estimation. Simulation results show us the robustness and the fast convergence properties of the KPF-RHKPF.

The last several decades have seen a steadily growing awareness across enterprises of the benefits of proper IT strategic planning. IT strategic planning, as the first step among the process of enterprise informationization, is the guideline of the enterprise informationization as well as the foundation of implementation. This paper aims to discuss how to make proper IT strategic planning. After discussing the Strategic Alignment Model and the relationship between IT strategy and business strategy, it proposes an IT strategic planning model based on business strategy, which is composed of IT assessment and analysis, IT planning and design and IT implementation and design. Then, it gives an example to illustrate how to make IT strategic planning by using this model. At last, this paper presents further thinking about what should be paid attention to and what should be known when IT strategic planning is put into practice‥

Poor-quality images mostly result in spurious or missing features, which further degrade the overall performance of the recognition systems. This work augments the fingerprint quality with respect to one of the level 3 micro features, i.e., sweat pores. The paper proposes sweat pores-based an effective fingerprint quality estimation scheme, which is a multi-factor quality assessment model comprises five quality measures estimating their respective quality scores. The scores are then fused into a single quality score by a fusion engine based on the ‘Weighted Sum rule’. The proposed scheme is experimented with publicly available fingerprint datasets, which were scanned with Cross Match Verifier 300 scanner at 500 dpi (pores are quite visible in these samples, as of now, no 1000ppi datasets are publicly available). The experimental results show that this arrangement could correctly estimate and assign grades (good/acceptable/poor) to nearly 93.33% images in the dataset. This paper also presents a novel technique for identifying the strong pores for high reproducibility. The corresponding result is shown for the same set of images and is found as 91.93%. This method is also being tried with higher resolution images.

In this paper we have suggested a new method for test data generation using dynamic forward slicing algorithm. Separating the suspicious parts of code from the original program will make the process of test data generation easier. In forward dynamic slicing, the slices produced are much smaller than the original program and the search space for testing is considerably reduced. In this paper, we discuss the forward algorithm and the advantages of using forward dynamic algorithm for test data generation. The test cases are generated by analyzing the constraints present in the slices constructed from forward dynamic slicing algorithm. In the proposed method, the program for which the test data to be generated is analyzed. Forward slicing of the program is done with respect to all the variables whose value is changed during program execution. Slices obtained are then verified for statements which define certain constraints for test data generation. This helps to clearly define the limits of test data and remove the ambiguities about the value of the test data which is to be generated. The test data is then generated based on the constraints. In the proposed method, since forward algorithm is used, the execution traces need not be recorded and analyzing the constraints present in the slices will help in fault localization and debugging. This is one of the most important advantages of our method.

One of the many design and control issues of Automated Guided Vehicles System (AGVS) is the AGV fleet size. This paper presents a new solution method to determining the number of vehicles in the AGVS based on Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). The approach relies on two procedures-estimate and simulation. With estimate procedure, the mathematic method will be used to estimate the AGV fleet size. In the next procedure, the estimate value will be used in the simulation model of AGVS for further study. The reliable number of vehicles can be reached after two procedures. The objective of this paper is to increase the efficiency and accuracy of the process in determining the AGV fleet size.

Fractal image compression is a relatively recent image compression method. Its basic idea is to represent images as a fixed point of a contractive Iterated Function System. Spiral Architecture is a novel image structure on which images are displayed as a collection of hexagonal pixels. But till date there are no available image capture or display devices to support this structure. Hence in order to implement the theoretical results, new mimicking spiral architecture is chosen. This mimic spiral architecture almost retains image resolution and does not introduce the distortion. This paper presents the results obtained with spiral architecture in the form of peak signal to noise ratio and compression ratio. It also gives the peak signal to noise ratio plot for each iteration of decoding. The paper furthermore attempts to show the resolution independent decoding feature of Fractal image compression with spiral architecture.

Data consistency protocol for supporting client coherency and data integrity imposes great impacts on the performance of distributed file systems. This paper proposes a new form of data consistency protocol which aims to enhance I/O performance of various applications. Different from the past works, multiple acquisition functions are adopted to establish a desirable lock schedule, according to the application-sensitive hint. Also, this paper presents how the basic idea of our scheme could be adopted to maintain replica consistency for the geographically distributed data. A series of measurements were conducted to verify our scheme.

Advances in speech technology and computing power have created a surge of interest in the practical application of speech recognition. The main goal of this paper is to facilitate recognition accuracy, with emphasis on acoustic and language modeling. With the Dynamic time warping algorithm, recognition of speech commands and generation of the commands for desktop items activation has been done in this paper. Practical speech recognition also requires the computation to be carried out in real time within the limited resources i.e CPU power and memory size of commonly available computers. In this paper we focus on implementing dynamic time warping algorithm and compare the results with viterbi search algorithm so that speech recognition systems that are insensitive to the constraints in the speech signal and attain human like recognition performance can be identified and can be used for commercial use.

According to the great significance of 3D game technology, this paper will do detailed research on main technologies of 3D. Firstly, this paper puts forward to design concept, designs the main frame of 3D game. Secondly, through researching collision detection technologies, the improved collision detection method is proposed based on Aligned Axis Bounding Box according to some disadvantages of collision detection methods. The improved collision detection method effectively reduces operation time, advanced game speed. Thirdly, through researching artificial intelligence for 3D game, path search method is improved according to the needs of system. The improved idea uses restricting search range of A* search arithmetic with the shortest path. It can get intelligent path search efficiently and factually. Finally, the 3D game system is realized based on 3D engine technologies. The system is rendered smoothly, authentically, manipulated easily.

Marine riser is an essential protector for offshore oil-gas field development. Due to the complexity of marine environment, riser vortex induced vibration has been the outstanding problem affecting the normal safe operation. Therefore appropriate vortex induced vibration controlling methods and devices are urgent need to develop. Based on computational fluid dynamics, simulations of suppressive effect of vortex induced vibration on marine riser with splitter plates of different lengths are presented in this paper. Then streamlines, velocity and vorticity contour, drag and lift coefficients were obtained. Calculation results show that the appropriate length range of splitter plate is from 1.0D to 1.25D, which can play an effective role on vortex induced vibration controlling. Calculation results of this paper have some references value for safe design and engineering practice of vortex induced vibration controlling of marine riser.

Good indoor air quality (IAQ) can contribute to the safety, health and comfort of the people. Since indoor exposure to air contaminants penetrating from the indoor air contaminant sources depends on a number of parameters such as the ventilation rate, the geometric characteristics of the indoor environment, the indoor removal mechanisms and the concentration of air contaminants released, the implementation of smart sensor network is a promising solution to ensure good indoor air quality. This paper focuses on the application of CAN (controller Area Network) in forming a smart sensor network. The nodes are physically distributed where the serial common bus communication network CAN provides a robust means of interconnecting the nodes in the network. This paper proposes Atmel CANary based sensor nodes and motor control node for the monitoring and control of indoor air quality. The system output is a prototype of IAQ monitoring and control system which is evaluated through hardware tests.

Video is an important medium for the observation of a variety of phenomena in the physical world such as for water conservancy engineering. Video sensor networks (VSN) consists of a large number of sensor nodes with cheap CMOS cameras, therefore, it has the ability of large scale visual monitoring. However, a kind of powerful and scalable platform is urgent for simulation and development of VSN. This paper proposed a novel and scalable video sensor networks platform named as Vision Mesh for water conservancy engineering. Vision Mesh is composed of a mass of image or video sensor nodes - Vision Motes, with which multi-view image or video information of FOV (Field of View) can be acquired simply. Vision Mote is built with Atmel ARM9 CPU and operated on Linux operating system, with TI CC2430 Zigbee module taken as wireless transceiver. Furthermore, OpenCV machine vision lib is migrated to Vision Mesh platform so as to improve video processing ability, therefore, Vision Mesh has the ability of image and video processing and is of strong scalability to extend performance. In this paper, we provide an overview of Vision Mesh architecture and provide an insightful platform for VSN.

This paper presents a model which generates architectural layout for a single flat having regular shaped spaces; Bedroom, Bathroom, Kitchen, Balcony, Living and Dining Room. Using constraints at two levels; Topological (Adjacency, Compactness, Vaastu, and Open and Closed face constraints) and Dimensional (Length to Width ratio constraint), Genetic Algorithms have been used to generate the topological arrangement of spaces in the layout and further if required, feasibility have been dimensionally analyzed. Further easy evacuation form the selected layout in case of adversity has been proposed using Dijkstra's Algorithm. Later the proposed model has been tested for efficiency using various test cases. This paper also presents a classification and categorization of various problems of space planning.

In this paper, with the globally-accepted lunar gravitation field models LP165P and GLGM-2, character of the lunar gravitation field models were analyzed based on kaula theory. Then, making use of LP165P models truncated to 70 orders and degrees, the free running time span of lunar satellite of 100km height were given. Last, a maneuver method for orbit height keeping is presented for 100km height orbit. The result of this paper deduced time consuming of the computer and reached certain precision when using lunar gravitation field models.

This paper presents a method to improve the performance of Information Retrieval System (IRS) by increasing the no of relevant documents retrieved. There are several types of uncertainty and fuzziness associated with IRS like search term uncertainty, relevance uncertainty involved in retrieving of irrelevant documents. The aim of this paper is to eliminate different types of uncertainty and increase the chance of retrieving relevant documents. In the framework a method is proposed which first calculate query and document cluster similarity which not only retrieve the documents matching query terms as well as similar to retrieved documents by calculating the query and cluster similarity. This helps to reduce search term uncertainty and tries to reduce the fuzziness associated with document relevance in two steps. First modification is made in general term frequency-inverse document frequency (tf-idf) scoring mechanism to give importance of informativeness of a document contents and secondly calculating query and document summary overlap. All the above information is used to measure the document relevant score. Finally retrieved documents are filtered by Pearson correlation coefficient between query vector and document vector to find out only those documents correlated with query. In experiment standard NPL test collection prepared by Vaswani and Cameron at the National Physical Laboratory in England was used. After full implementation of above methodology it was found that proposed work is better in comparison with existing methods.

The administration service center displays government's image to the public, and the performance of the staff directly affects administration service center's image. From the staffs' emotional labor, this paper explores the influence of emotional labor of staff on inside- role performance and extra-role performance, analyzes the mechanism of organizational support and cognitive value of the work. Then the paper takes out some advices for the management of emotional labor and performance.

In this paper, a novel fuzzy support vector machine based image watermarking scheme is proposed.Since the application of support vector machine in the process of watermarking technology is only a simple classification of the image. However,the fuzzy support vector machines by selecting the appropriate degree of membership to reflect the different importance of the different sample points. In this article, Firstly, we split the given image into 8 * 8 block, then calculated for each sub-block of the texture features as input vectors to train the support vector machine. The image sub-block is divided into two categories( one category is “−1” represents a weak texture, the other is “+1” represents a strong texture), and we make the strong texture as more important category in this paper. Therefore, given its larger fuzzy membership than the weak texture's. From the relevant theory of watermarking technology we know that a strong local image texture can tolerate more of the watermark information. In order to enhance watermark robustness and embedding more watermark information in the host image, we improve the accuracy of classifying one class(a strong texture). If the data points belonging to the class of strong texture are incorrectly categorized into the weak texture class, the amount of embedded watermarks are reduced and robustness(the ability of resisting attacks) of the image is decreased. Results show that this algorithm has good robustness against common image attacks.

Healthcare services are becoming vital and growing immensely with the passage of time, and so is the use of information technology in every aspect of life. Information and communication technologies are essential parts of any healthcare or life critical solution available in this era - the era of information technology. Quality is one of the major issues that are currently being faced. For healthcare and life critical solutions, quality can not be compromised. The use of information technology in healthcare potentially improves quality. This paper discusses the parameters of quality in healthcare, and how information technology ensures quality based on these parameters in some major domains of healthcare; Healthcare Information Management, Emergency Medical Services, Ubiquitous Healthcare and Distributed Diagnosis & Home Healthcare. A framework has also been presented, integrating the four domains, which ensures quality in the provided services satisfying the quality parameters discussed in the paper.

In this paper with studying of all parameters in grid environment a new scheduling algorithm for independent task is introduced according to Genetic Algorithm. This algorithm can be more efficient and more dependable than similar previous algorithms. The simulated results and reasons for reaching to better makespan and more efficiency in the grid environment. In the grids with high fault with high fault rate for fault tolerant is used from check point method that has more efficiency that other methods such as retry, migration and replication. This method maintains effective efficiency in these situations. So the servicing quality increases in various grid environments and also the average time of task recoveries decreases considerably The main purpose of this paper is reducing the repeating of the generations in Genetic Algorithm for reaching higher speed and also considering the communications costs (available in fitness function) with maintaining the fitness efficiency. The simulations are done with Gridsim for showing the created improvement at proposed algorithm rather than previous algorithms.

In pervasive computing, one of the key open challenges is the efficient discovery of the device that provides target services. This paper proposes a novel distributed service discovery algorithm in pervasive computing environments. This method is based on the basic principle of social network and bio-inspired intelligence. It exploits a social behavior and ant inspired query routing mechanism, which views query messages as artificial ants, and utilizes pheromone and social utility as routing hints that direct query messages to nodes owning more services. This paper presents generation and update rule of pheromone, routing policy for artificial ants as well. In order to avoid getting into local optimization, the roulette wheel technique and pheromone limitation policy are used in our algorithm. Simulation results show that our method significantly improves the search quality as well as reduces traffic cost compared with classical approaches, which supports high mobility and is suitable for pervasive environments.

Personalized recommendation is an effective method to resolve the current problem of Internet information overload. In the recommendation systems, user modeling is a crucial step. Whether the model can accurately describe the users' interests directly determines the quality of the personalized recommendations. At present in most personalized service systems keywords models or user-item models are used to describe the users' preferences, but vectors or matrixes used in these models do not contain semantic information, so it is difficult to accurately model the users' interests and hobbies, and it is also hard to extend the users' interests. Ontology as a tool used to describe the domain knowledge is very powerful in conceptual describing and logical reasoning. Computation of the neighbor set of users or resources is also an important step in the recommendation, but at present three commonly used similarity algorithms have some shortcomings which lead the system sometimes difficulty to find similar users or resources. This paper presents a new ontology-based user modeling approach and an improved similarity algorithm. Our experiments show that the user model presented in this paper can effectively describe the users' personalized preferences, and we also prove that the improved similarity algorithm is better than other three commonly used similarity algorithms.

In this paper, we study the existence of positive solutions for a class nonlinear singular boundary value systems { (φp1(u'))'+a1(t)f(u, v)=0, 0 1(i=1,2). We obtain the existence of infinitely many positive solutions by using fixed-point index theory. Especially, the nonlinear terms f; g are allowed to change sign. The conclusions in this paper essentially extend and improve the known results.

The paper deals with the text classification problem where labeled training samples are very limited while unlabeled data are readily available in large quantities. The paper proposes an efficient classification algorithm that incorporates a weighted k-means clustering scheme into an Expectation Maximization (EM) process. It aims to balance predictive values between labeled and unlabeled training data and improve classification accuracy. Since the algorithm is based on a fast clustering method, it can be applied to classify documents in large datasets. Preliminary experiments with several text classification collections show that the proper use of unlabeled data built in this proposed text classification algorithm could significantly improve classification accuracy.

This paper proposes a method which combines Sobel edge detection operator and soft-threshold wavelet de-noising to do edge detection on images which include White Gaussian noises. In recent years, a lot of edge detection methods are proposed. The commonly used methods which combine mean de-noising and Sobel operator or median filtering and Sobel operator can not remove salt and pepper noise very well. In this paper, we firstly use soft-threshold wavelet to remove noise, then use Sobel edge detection operator to do edge detection on the image. This method is mainly used on the images which includes White Gaussian noises. Through the pictures obtained by the experiment, we can see very clearly that, compared to the traditional edge detection methods, the method proposed in this paper has a more obvious effect on edge detection.

The Tactical Internet (TI) is a new and highly maneuverable network, so traditional network management (NM) methods can't solve its NM well, new methods needs to be explored. In this paper, the modeling of TI NM was researched at first, the action model, function model and organizing model were established and they settled the framework of TI NM. Secondly, the frequency planning of TI NM was researched, an algorithm based on maximum chromaticity coloring and simulated annealing was proposed, it improved the utilization ratio of frequency resource. Thirdly, the dynamic control of TI NM was researched, a new method based on control variable was proposed, it solved the dynamic control relationship establishing between the controller and controllee. The paper's work has been applied and verified in practical use.

Data mining has attracted a great deal of attention in higher education in recent years, not only in student's management, but also teacher's management, such as individualized personnel training, prediction and comparison on students' achievement, online teaching, teaching effectiveness evaluation, and so on. However, the research and application of data mining technology to teachers' position settlement have not yet carried out. This paper utilizes the famous data mining software SPSS Clementine to two-step cluster analyze teachers' position settlement, and shows through an example. This paper can provide strong information support for administrators to set positions, thus deepen reformation.

Different data hiding methods would be required in different operating environments. To improve the quality of videos embedded by data, this paper will apply the differences of matching blocks in the H.264 encoder during the inter prediction stage and enforce the size of the matching blocks to implement data hiding. Bit rate increases after being embedded by data, to resolve the problem, this paper will mainly make use of the method of modifying the trailing coefficients sign-bit of fixed-length coding to control the bit rate in Context Adaptive Variable Length Coding (CAVLC). To equipoise the quality and bit rate of videos, this paper proposes an algorithm that embeds data separately in both of these two coding blocks.

Security is to grant access to a legal user, and to prevent the system from illegal or non authorized person. The so called process of Authentication has five factors in modern era. Something You have (e.g., a hardware token/credit card), Something You are (e.g., a fingerprint, eye print), Something You know (e.g., a password/PIN code), Somebody You know and Something You Process. In this paper, we have developed such a technique which provides more security to a user in typing his password, in a public place, and in case that user is in critical position, of accessing his computer system. In this paper we have developed a technique of Authentication by the factor “Something You Process”. SHOULDER ATTACKS is one of the latest weapons used by hackers or adversaries in an organization to hack an account or to authenticate in a secure zone. In a shoulder attack a person is watching the user while he is typing the password and reads his fingers that what he has typed or makes a video of him typing the password and so comes to know that what the password is.

Trust and reputation systems are widely used in electronic commerce, social network, search engine, and so on. They have become a very important element in cyberspace. However the theoretical research actualities of this field are lagging behind applications. Various existing works are rarely relevant and without consensus. Aiming at the above problems, this paper proposes a general model for trust and reputation systems. The model mainly solves the following basic problems in this field: i) redefine the concepts of trust and reputation and discuss the relationship between them; ii) design and construction of the general model, especially the basic element of trust and reputation systems, and iii) the applications of the general model for trust and reputation systems. According to this work, this paper gets some key results of this field. These results will provide research foundations and framework for the future work.

It is necessary, for a modern enterprise, to solve the urgent problem that how to effectively integrate enterprise existing resources and increase overall operational efficiency. In this paper, a tally Devanning/Container Loading business system based on the lightweight framework of J2EE(Spring + Hibernate + Struts) was implemented, according to the detailed analysis of business requirements and goals achievement. Firstly, this paper constructed framework for Devanning/Container Loading Management System. Secondly, it achieved the following aims, such as the acceptance and distribution of plan for devanning and dontainer loading, write-offs, a license management, statistics management and rights management. Thirdly, it established a customer-oriented data interface and a variety of security policies. Finally, the Devanning/Container Loading management system has been integrated into the entire enterprise management information system. The system effectively integrated the existing application resources of enterprise and reduced the degree of coupling between system modules. It achieved the aim that optimization approach can be used to deal with the complex Devanning/Container Loading business and the operation efficiency of enterprise was vastly improved.

In order to solve the problem of face recognition in natural illumination, a new face recognition algorithm using Eigenface-Fisher Linear Discriminant (EFLD) and Dynamic Fuzzy Neural Network (DFNN) is proposed in this paper, which can solve the dimension of feature, and deal with the problem of classification easily. In this paper, we use EFLD model to extract the face feature, which will be considered as the input of the DFNN. And the DFNN is implemented as a classifier to solve the problem of classification. The proposed algorithm has been tested on ORL face database. The experiment results show that the algorithm reduces the dimension of face feature and finds a best subspace for the classification of human face. And by optimizing the architecture of dynamic fuzzy neural network reduces the classification error and raises the correct recognition rate. So the algorithm works well on face database with different expression, pose and illumination.

This paper discusses the development of the current environmental modeling systems, and analyzes the inadequacies of these systems, and points out that these systems lack either a full range of modeling support for environmental modeling elements or the integration of various spatial information processing and analysis methods. Based on the analysis of environmental problems Conceptual Modeling elements in the Environmental Modeling System, this paper defines four kinds of model components, namely, Context Modeling Components, Model Components, Model Link Components and Data Entity Components, and describes in detail the related component interfaces of each kind of components. In the design process of component interfaces, the various modeling needs of environmental modeling elements and the integration requirement of various spatial information processing and analysis methods are taken into account.

This paper focus on the methods of the build process of Real-Time Workshop (RTW), the influencing factors on code efficiency and development of a custom embedded target. In order to generate embedded C code and download it to a user-specified micro-controller (Freescale™ MC9S08DZ60 for example in this paper) conveniently, an embedded target is developed. The embedded target developing consists of the target device drivers and the interface to CodeWarrior IDE. The user can develop custom device drivers by following the steps of creating a C MEX S-function, masking the blocks and writing TLC files. In particular, this paper provides the ways of designing two special blocks for interrupt service routine (ISR) and target resource configuration. Through the comparison between automatic generation codes and codes written by bands in PC environment and embedded system, it is concluded that automatic generation codes is accurate and efficient, but the execution time is slower than the code written by hand in micro-controller.

This paper proposes an efficient ubiquitous teaching and learning model in Economics and Management Specialty of the University. Recent educational environment is growing to ubiquitous learning (u-Learning).This paper analysis the current condition of the u-learning model applied with modern information technology that used in the field of economics and management experimental teaching, and points out its decisive role in economics and management talents training.

A major concern in wireless sensor networks is to maximize network lifetime while maintaining a high quality of services (QOS) such as target coverage and network connectivity. Communication and sensing consume energy, therefore efficient power management can extend network lifetime. in this paper we consider a large number of static sensor nodes are deployed in order to monitor a number of target points in the region. each target point may be redundantly covered by multiple sensors. one approach to conserve energy is to organize the deployed sensors into subsets of sensors, or sensor covers such that each subset can cover all targets in the region and each sensor to be activated is connected to the Base Station (BS). This subsets activated successively and only the sensors from active subset are responsible for monitoring all targets. The more sensor covers can be found, the longer network lifetime can be prolonged. finding maximum number of sensor covers can be solved via transformation to the connected set covers (CSC) problem, wich has been proved to be NP-complete. for this optimization problem, existing algorithms either get unsatisfactory solutions and in most cases take exponential time complexity. In this paper we propose a heuristic solution to solve the CSC problem. the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can get acceptable solutions with polynomial computation time and can improve the performance of the Greedy-CSC heuristic algorithm in solution quality and it has better performance than IP-CSC heuristic in large scenarios.