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The use of macrolides in the treatment of chlamydial infection during pregnancy and breast feeding is reviewed from the viewpoint of evidence-based medicine. The clinical experience and research data suggest azithromycin to be safe and effective in the obstetric practice.

Seventy five patients with urogenital chlamydial and mycoplasmic infections were enrolled in the trial. In the etiotropic therapy azithromycin was used in the standard dosage (1.0-1.5 g) depending on the infection. The treatment with azithromycin, in addition to the high eradication rates, was also evident of its effect on the cytokine levels in the patients, that was characteristic of a significant increase of the IFN-γ level and a decrease of the IL-β and IL-6 levels in the blood.

The use of systemic enzyme therapy in combination with antibiotics in the treatment of urogenital chlamydia infection in patients of both sexes proved to improve the therapeutic efficacy and to reduce the risk of the side effects.

During the chronic urogenital chlamydial infection, violations of all links of pathogenesis, as well as changes in the composition and properties of biologically active substances, i.d. cytokines, including interferons, are noted. The authors suggest novel approaches, including cytokines, especially IFN-gamma, which is the most important in the formation of general immunity, including its combination with IFN-alpha, -beta, and lambda.

The review provides the present Russian and international data on the effectiveness of ofloxacin. The drug is effective and safe in the treatment of various pathologies. The drug is sufficiently effective and safe in the treatment of the urological and gynecological infectious pathologies.

The article highlights current issues of classification, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment of mycoplasma infection of the urogenital tract (M.hominis, U.urealyticum). Authors present the data on the role of infection in the development of nongonococcal urethritis and infertility in men, as well as impaired reproductive function and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women. The article describes indications and laboratory diagnostic methods and lists the criteria for the appointment of antibiotic therapy, as well as the most preferred drugs.

The review provides modern literature data on the system of interferons, their cells producers and target cells. Particular attention is paid to the immunomodulating effect of interferon-γ. High efficacy of Ingaron in the treatment of various groups of diseases, especially viral, infectious and oncologic is shown.

The up-to-date literature and original data on the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmosis are presented. Particular attention is paid to the parasite infection during pregnancy. Spiramycin is the drug of choice for acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women.