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This is the first book on Richard III and the Tower of London, shedding new light on the King's reputation, the Castle's lore, and early modern literature's role in building associations between them. It is also one of the first books to integrate conceptual blending theory and spatial literary studies, empowering scholars and students to analyze literature and locations in new ways. This book fills gaps in the existing knowledge about both Richard III and the Tower of London. Neither literary nor historical scholarship has treated the process through which Richard III and the Tower became associated in the cultural and historical imagination and how such representations have shaped the King's reputation and the Castle's lore. This study analyzes this process while offering new understandings of Richard III as a literary character in prose, drama, and poetry and extending knowledge about the Tower as an iconic literary and cultural symbol.

This book presents the most comprehensive review of deaf characters in literature available. Examining British and American examples found in novels, comics, poetry, television and film, the work identifies significant trends and themes that range from the last three hundred years to the present day. It is centered on an understanding of the history and development of deaf education, its impact on the use of oral speech and sign language, and the rise of deaf.

Ausgehend von den Begriffen ›Allegorie‹, ›Symbol‹ und ›Ding‹ entwirft der vorliegende Band ein idealtypisches Modell, das über die Grenzen des Begriffs ›Dinggedicht‹ hinaus dem komplexen Umgang mit der Bedeutsamkeit von Gegenständen in der Lyrik gerechter werden soll. Die drei großen Abschnitte bestehen jeweils aus einem problemgeschichtlichen und einem praxisbezogenen Teil. In Anlehnung an die begriffsevolutionäre Theorie Stephen Toulmins zeichnen die problemgeschichtlichen Teile die Entwicklung der Begriffe ›Allegorie‹, ›Symbol‹ und ›Ding‹ mit Blick auf Gegenstandsbedeutsamkeit von der Antike bis um 1900 in wesentlichen Zügen nach. In den praxisbezogenen Teilen werden Gedichte über Gegenstände analysiert; dabei wird das anfangs erwähnte idealtypische Modell auf die Gedichte angewendet, jedoch unter der prinzipiellen Priorisierung der erörterten problemgeschichtlichen Aspekte. Neben deutschsprachigen Gedichten von Goethe bis Rilke, die überwiegend im Fokus stehen, werden auch exemplarische Texte aus anderen Epochen und Disziplinen (u.a. von antiken Epigrammatikern, Brockes, Shelley, Baudelaire) herangezogen, um das Forschungsinteresse an Gegenstandslyrik jenseits der Neuphilologie/Germanistik zu verbreitern.

The Sanskrit word mandala can be translated as'sacred circle.'Within the circle sits a microcosm of the universe and/or consciousness, repre-sented by icons. Eastern civilizations developed the spiritual-artistic practice of creating mandalas—with sand, paint, and architecture—to high technical sophistication, making manifest a geometry with layers of esoteric meaning for both the mandala artist and the initiated spectator. James Joyce's Mandala outlines and explains this iconic sacred geometry, and assesses to what extent Joyce's works of literature, in particular Finnegans Wake, can be understood as mandalic constructs. Using exam-ples from Dubliners to the Wake, we see how fundamental to Joyce's fiction is the issue of spiritual paralysis (a problem the mandala attempts to dissolve) and also how fascinated he was by geometric imagery and symmetry, the technical devices employed in mandala construction. This is the first book-length comparison of Joyce's work with the mythic structure of the mandala. Never discounting the richness of Joyce's genius, it uses his'collideorscape'to explore the secrets of the mandala principle as much as it uses mandala theory to illuminate his famed book of the night.

Dancing the Dharma examines the theory and practice of allegory by exploring a select group of medieval Japanese noh plays and treatises. Susan Blakeley Klein demonstrates how medieval esoteric commentaries on the tenth-century poem-tale Ise monogatari (Tales of Ise) and the first imperial waka poetry anthology Kokin wakashū influenced the plots, characters, imagery, and rhetorical structure of seven plays (Maiguruma, Kuzu no hakama, Unrin'in, Oshio, Kakitsubata, Ominameshi, and Haku Rakuten) and two treatises (Zeami's Rikugi and Zenchiku's Meishukushū). In so doing, she shows that it was precisely the allegorical mode—vital to medieval Japanese culture as a whole—that enabled the complex layering of character and poetic landscape we typically associate with noh. Klein argues that understanding noh's allegorical structure and paying attention to the localized historical context for individual plays are key to recovering their original function as political and religious allegories. Now viewed in the context of contemporaneous beliefs and practices of the medieval period, noh plays take on a greater range and depth of meaning and offer new insights to readers today into medieval Japan.

Twenty-First-Century Symbolism was the winner of the 2023 R. Gapper Book Prize. How do the writings of Verlaine, Baudelaire, and Mallarmé speak to our time? Why should we continue to read these poets today? How might a contemporary reading of their poetry differ from readings delivered in previous centuries? Twenty-First-Century Symbolism argues that Verlaine, Baudelaire, and Mallarmé prefigure a view of human subjectivity that is appropriate for our times: we cannot be separated from the worlds in which we live and evolve; human beings both mediate and are mediations of the environments we traverse and that traverse us, whether these are natural, urban, linguistic, or technological environments. The ambition of the book is therefore twofold: on the one hand, it aims to offer new readings of the three poets, demonstrating their continued relevance for contemporary debates, putting them into dialogue with a philosophical corpus that has not yet played a role in the study of nineteenth century French poetry; on the other, the book relies on the three poets to establish an understanding of human subjectivity that is in tune with our twenty-first century concerns.

When Harry Potter first boards the Hogwarts Express, he journeys to a world which Rowling says has alchemy as its'internal logic.'The Philosopher's Stone, known for its power to transform base metals into gold and to give immortality to its maker, is the subject of the conflict between Harry and Voldemort in the first book of the series. But alchemy is not about money or eternal life, it is much more about the transformations of desire, of power and of people--through love. Harry's equally remarkable and ordinary power to love leads to his desire to find but not use the Philosopher's Stone at the start of the series and his wish to end the destructive power of the Elder Wand at the end. This collection of essays on alchemical symbolism and transformations in Rowling's series demonstrates how Harry's work with magical objects, people, and creatures transfigure desire, power, and identity. As Harry's leaden existence on Privet Drive is transformed in the company of his friends and teachers, the Harry Potter novels have transformed millions of readers, inspiring us to find the gold in our ordinary lives.

In diesem grundlegenden Werk geht es um die Darstellung und Interpretation einer Kulturgeschichte der Literatur im Spannungsfeld von buchstäblichem Verstehen und symbolischer Deutung. Ausgangspunkt einer kritischen Diskussion philosophischer und literaturtheoretischer Positionen ist eine Reflexion über das Bild Offenes Buch von Paul Klee. Darauf aufbauend wird eine Poetik der Bedeutungsoffenheit entwickelt, die Philologie als eine Kulturgeschichte der Literatur versteht. An den Leitbegriffen von Poiesis (Philologie als Überlieferungsgeschichte), Katharsis (Philologie als Wirkungsgeschichte) und Aisthesis (Philologie als Deutungsgeschichte) wird das Modell PoiKAi generiert, mit dem sich eine Kulturgeschichte der Literatur schreiben lässt. Umfangreiche Register (Begriffe, Quellentitel, Namen) erschließen das Buch zusätzlich als Enzyklopädie.

Language and Metaphors of the Russian Revolution: Sow the Wind, Reap the Storm is a panoramic history of the Russian intelligentsia and an analysis of the language and ideals of the Russian Revolution, from its inception over the long nineteenth century through fruition in early Soviet society. This volume examines metaphors for revolution in the storm, flood, and harvest imagery ubiquitous in Russian literary works. At the same time, it considers the struggle to own the narrative of modernity, including Bolshevik weaponization of language and cultural policy that supported the use of terror and social purging. This uniquely cross-disciplinary study conducts a close reading of texts that use storm, flood, and agricultural metaphors in diverse ways to represent revolution, whether in anticipation and celebration of its ideals or in resistance to the same. A spotlight is given to the lives and works of authors who responded to Soviet authoritarianism by reclaiming the narrative of revolution in the name of personal freedom and restoration of humanist values. Hinging on the clashes of culture wars and class wars and residing at the intersection of ideas at the very core of the fight for modernity, this book provides a critical reading of authoritarian discourse and investigates rare examples of the counter narratives that thrived in spite of their suppression.

“Mandelstam had no teacher,” marveled Anna Akhmatova, reflecting on his early maturity and singularity. But Mandelstam himself spoke of the need and even duty to study a poet's literary roots. So how did this consummately complex, compelling, multi-resonant poet navigate and exploit the burden of the Russian Symbolist movement from which he emerged? How did this process change and augment his poetry? Through a series of illuminating readings, Stuart Goldberg explores the ongoing role that the poetry of Russian Symbolism played in Osip Mandelstam's creative life, laying bare the poet's productive play with distance and immediacy in his assimilation of the Symbolist heritage. At the same time, Mandelstam, Blok, and the Boundaries of Mythopoetic Symbolism presents the first coherent narrative of the poet's fraught relationship with Alexander Blok, the most powerful poetic voice among the Symbolists. This dialogue, which was largely one-sided, extended beyond poetic intertext into the realms of poetics, charisma, and personality. Goldberg's study pushes theoretical boundaries, exploring the juncture between pragmatics and intertext, adapting and challenging Bloom's anxiety of influence theory, and, ultimately, tracing a shift in the nature of sincerity and authenticity that divided poetic generations.

C'est à un voyage à travers les œuvres, romans, poèmes, textes méditatifs, inspirés par les R de plusieurs continents, Amérique, Afrique, Asie, Europe, qu'invite ce volume dont l'objectif est de mieux cerner la place particulière qu'occupe le fleuve dans notre culture et de mettre en valeur son potentiel narratif aussi bien que poétique et symbolique. Élément structurant dans bien des fictions de la destinée des personnages, voire de tout un peuple, le fleuve apparaît comme un marqueur identitaire de premier plan par la vaste mémoire historique qu'il charrie, les légendes qu'il inspire, les traditions qui lui sont attachées. Toujours doté de pouvoirs ambivalents, selon qu'il est remonté ou descendu, tantôt nourricier, tantôt destructeur, symbole de l'écoulement du temps et miroir possible d'une permanence, il est souvent vecteur d'une initiation pour celui ou celle qui s'abandonne à son cours et il s'impose comme une image réflexive de la littérature.

On observe dans l'oeuvre de Salvatore Quasimodo une inlassable quête de'signes', dont la présence est constante mais la perception changeante. L'objectif de cet ouvrage est double : d'une part, mettre en évidence les causes de cette quête et d'autre part, analyser la façon dont les différents changements de perception des signes correspondent aux différentes étapes d'un parcours initiatique mené par Quasimodo tout au long de sa vie. En même temps qu'il permet de redécouvrir certains aspects de Quasimodo, cet ouvrage aide à mettre en perspective l'image figée et souvent faussée qu'a laissée à la postérité ce poète tourmenté.

In einer Zeit, in der das Eis an den Polen der Erde nicht nur symbolisch, sondern realiter immer dünner wird, lohnt es umso mehr, einen Blick zurück auf die literatur- und kulturgeschichtliche Karriere des faszinierenden Phänomens ›Eis‹ zu werfen. Weit über die deutschsprachige Literatur hinaus untersucht die Studie das symbolische Potenzial des Faszinationskomplexes ›Eis/Kälte‹ an einer Vielzahl von literarischen, ikonischen und filmischen Texturen von der Frühen Neuzeit bis heute, mit Schwerpunkten auf den synchronen Schnitten ›um 1800‹, ›um 1900‹ und ›um 2000‹. Dadurch wird ein Blick auf diejenigen kulturgeschichtlich einflussreichen Diskurskomplexe und Positionen möglich, die ›Eis‹ als kollektiv verfügbares Symbol zu bündeln und artikulierbar zu machen vermag. Vertiefende exemplarische Einzelanalysen zu Romanen von u. a. Christoph Ransmayr, Sten Nadolny, Martin Mosebach und Peter Høeg machen deutlich, dass und wie mit Hilfe der ›Eis‹-Symbolik höchst komplexe literarische Strukturen generiert werden können.

The Portrait of Beatrice examines both Dante's and D. G. Rossetti's intellectual experiences in the light of a common concern about visuality. Both render, in different times and contexts, something that resists clear representation, be it the divine beauty of the angel-women or the depiction of the painter's own interiority in a secularized age. By analyzing Dante's Vita Nova alongside Rossetti's Hand and Soul and St. Agnes of Intercession, which inaugurates the Victorian genre of'imaginary portrait'tales, this book examines how Dante and Rossetti explore the tension between word and image by creating'imaginary portraits.'The imaginary portrait—Dante's sketched angel appearing in the Vita Nova or the paintings evoked in Rossetti's narratives—is not (only) a non-existent artwork: it is an artwork whose existence lies elsewhere, in the words alluding to its inexpressible quality. At the same time, thinking of Beatrice as an'imaginary Lady'enables us to move beyond the debate about her actual existence. Rather, it allows us to focus on her reality as a miracle made into flesh, which language seeks incessantly to grasp. Thus, the intergenerational dialogue between Dante and Rossetti—and between thirteenth and nineteenth centuries, literature and painting, Italy and England—takes place between different media, oscillating between representation and denial, mimesis and difference, concealment and performance. From medieval Florence to Victorian London, Beatrice's'imaginary portrait'touches upon the intertwinement of desire, poetry, and art-making in Western culture.

Die „Istorija stanovlenija samosoznajuščej duši'ist das kulturphilosophische Hauptwerk von Andrej Belyj. Es ist bislang nur in Auszügen publiziert und wird hier erstmals auf der Grundlage des vollständigen Manuskripts erschlossen. Sein Leitbegriff – die Selbstbewusstseinsseele – bildet zugleich seinen Gegenstand und seine Methode. In ihm sind Belyjs späte Erkenntnistheorie und Poetologie zusammengefasst. Diese bestimmen die Gestalt des Textes, dessen Sinnschichten durch eine „autoreferentielle Hermeneutik'erschlossen werden. Neben Anregungen aus der Anthroposophie Rudolf Steiners hat Belyj Ideen der russischen Historiosophie aufgegriffen und zu einer originellen Synthese verarbeitet. Mit der Charakterisierung des Spätwerks als „hermetischer Symbolismus'soll ein neues Paradigma geprägt werden.

Jennifer C. Vaught illustrates how architectural rhetoric in Shakespeare and Spenser provides a bridge between the human body and mind and the nonhuman world of stone and timber. The recurring figure of the body as a besieged castle in Shakespeare's drama and Spenser's allegory reveals that their works are mutually based on medieval architectural allegories exemplified by the morality play The Castle of Perseverance. Intertextual and analogous connections between the generically hybrid works of Shakespeare and Spenser demonstrate how they conceived of individuals not in isolation from the physical environment but in profound relation to it. This book approaches the interlacing of identity and place in terms of ecocriticism, posthumanism, cognitive theory, and Cicero's art of memory. Architectural Rhetoric in Shakespeare and Spenser examines figures of the permeable body as a fortified, yet vulnerable structure in Shakespeare's comedies, histories, tragedies, romances, and Sonnets and in Spenser's Faerie Queene and Complaints.

This special issue of Symbolism: An International Annual of Critical Aesthetics explores the various functions of metaphor in life writing. Looking at a range of autobiographical subgenres (pathography, disability narratives, memoirs of migration, autofiction) and different kinds of metaphors, the contributions seek to ‘map'the possibilities of metaphor for narratively framing an individual life and for constructing notions of selfhood.

In the 1880s and 1890s, materialism in art was counterbalanced by attention to the subjective individual experience, expressed in the new modes inaugurated by Symbolism, Decadence and Aestheticism. In particular, Decadent artists and writers inspired the lasting name of an age fascinated by the contemplation of luxury and decay: the fin de siècle. Notions of decadence and degeneration were not limited to aesthetic experience but were regarded as sociological phenomena and attained pseudoscientific status. This volume explores the themes of degeneration and regeneration in fin-de-siècle Italian culture, collecting together essays by recognized experts as well as younger scholars. The book begins by reflecting on the poetics of decadence, before turning its focus to significant figures of the period and their literary, critical and artistic work, providing analysis from both national and comparative perspectives. Subjects examined include the turn towards idealism of Anna Zuccari, the mysticism and ethics of Fogazzaro, Pascoli and Tolstoy, the influence of German philosophy and European symbolism on Gabriele D'Annunzio's literary works, the art criticism of Enrico Panzacchi, and the aesthetic regeneration of divas in early Italian cinema.

This book considers William Wordsworth's use of iconography in his long poem The Excursion. Through the iconographical approach, the author steers a middle course between The Excursion's two very different interpretive traditions, one focusing upon the poem's philosophical abstraction, the other upon its touristic realism. Fresh readings are also offered of Wordsworth's other major works, including The Prelude.Yen explores Wordsworth's iconography in The Excursion by tracing allusions and correspondences in an abundance of post-1789 and earlier verbal and pictorial sources, as well as in Wordsworth's prose and poetry. He analyses how the iconographical images in The Excursion contribute to, and impose limitations on, the overarching preoccupations of Wordsworth's writings, particularly the themes of paradise lost and paradise regained in the post-revolutionary context. Shedding light on a vital aspect of Wordsworth's poetic method, this study reveals the visual etymologies – together with the nuances and rhetorical capacities – of five categories of apparently ‘collateral'images: envisioning, rooting, dwelling, flowing, and reflecting.

Language: Hebrew The charm of Agnon's work lies in an inebriating combination of the funny and the serious, in his famous irony that knocks down every unquestionable certainty and even its very self. Agnon's humor eludes rhetoric borderlines, does not tolerate confines of a genre and disobeys simple interpretative solutions. In his new book, Roman Katsman suggests a new literary-anthropological method to break down Agnon's complicated ‘laughter code'—a method based upon the cultural and semiotic interpretation of symbols. His reading of a wide selection of Agnon's works, including his four major novels, reveals an entire world of his laughter symbols—a world of violence and sacredness, tragic bewilderment and eruption of new possibilities. In this world, arks fly, princes disappear, serpents eat their own tails, angels and demons dance, illusion turns into reality, and other foolish and cruel miracles occur. The research looks for a solution to the riddle: should Agnon's stories be considered serious or ironic, religious or secular, scornful or emphatic, archaic or modernist; or perhaps the reader is intended to swell with pathos or burst into laughter—and how come Agnon always has the last laugh?

In der mittelalterlichen Bibelauslegung zeigt sich häufig eine strategisch eingesetzte Ambiguierung, wenn der Interpret neben dem,Literalsinn'der auszulegenden Textstelle nach einer weiteren geistlichen Lesart sucht. Mit einer geistlichen Interpretation, die sich auf christliche Lebensführung und Glaubensinhalte bezieht, können die Bibeltexte für die zeitgenössischen Zuhörer relevant gemacht werden. Der Fokus der vorliegenden Arbeit liegt auf einer theoretischen Beschreibung der Allegorese aus semiotischer Perspektive und einer anschließenden Analyse ihrer konkreten Gestaltung in 63 Texten aus dem 12. und 13. Jahrhundert, die alle der Diskurstradition,Predigt'zuzuordnen sind und in sechs romanischsprachigen Homiliaren (Sermoni subalpini, Homilies d'Organyà, Homilies de Tortosa, Sermons limousins, Sermons de carême wallons sowie den Sermons des Maurice de Sully) enthalten sind. Die innovative Anwendung kognitiv-semantischer Methodik auf einen textlinguistischen Gegenstand erweist sich als sehr fruchtbar, da sie eine präzise Phänomenbeschreibung ermöglicht und deutlich macht, dass trotz der Auslegungsregeln und der hohen Konventionalität, die die Allegorese bestimmen, Deutungsspielraum besteht.

The book studies the impact of Stevensian and Valeryan poetics, and symbolist poetics more broadly, on a range of Anglo-American poets in untypical fashion. Pairing poets who are not usually studied in their relation to one another reveals mutuality and dissimilitude. Chapter I looks at Stevens and Valery from the vantage point of the senses as opposed to the more usual lens of their similar cerebral or philosophical temperaments. Although critics have largely and justifiably seen Stevens and Eliot in oppositional terms (Stevens proclaims them dead opposites), Lisa Goldfarb asks what happens when we look at them from the vantage point of their mutual interest in creating a musical poetics. Auden is principally known for his distaste for the symbolists and their magical poetics, yet he reserves special praise for Valery and considers him as his poetic mentor; Chapter III studies their poetics side-by-side. With Stevens and Audens mutual appreciation of Valery as a starting point, Chapter IV turns to a closer comparative study of Auden and Stevens, two poets who have traditionally been seen as operating in distinct poetic spheres. While Elizabeth Bishop famously eludes categorization in terms of poetic school or affiliation, a fifth chapter addresses her poetic music in relation to French symbolist poetics, one of the many poetic schools she admired. A sixth and final chapter examines Stevens musical legacy, in large part derived from the symbolists, and addresses the work of a range of modern and contemporary poets, with a final section devoted to the work of contemporary poet, Susan Howe.

Florian Nieser zeigt in diesem Buch den interpretatorischen Mehrwert von uneindeutigen Zeichen auf, die Irritationen und Ambivalenzen produzieren. Ausgehend vom Blickwinkel eines ‚informierten‘ zeitgenössischen Rezipienten des Willehalm und der Bataille d'Aliscans werden die zentralen Figuren Willehalm/Guillelme und Rennewart/Rainouart als ‚wandelnde Zeichenkomplexe‘ gelesen. (A-)semiotische und machtkommunikative Handlungsdimensionen gewinnen zusammen mit der äußeren Codierung der Figuren an Deutungsgewicht und stellen deren Lesbarkeit ins Zentrum der Analysen. Dieser Ansatz ermöglicht eine eindeutige Lesart der hybriden Rennewartfigur und erlaubt es, vermeintlich widersprüchliche Taten Willehalms in neue Sinnzusammenhänge zu überführen.

an account of the response of the Russian Symbolist poets to the Great War and the Russian revolutions of 1917.

The poetry of Gavrila Derzhavin is a monument to that which could be read, heard, and, most important, seen in the two centuries in which he lived. The Palladian villa he occupied, the British service placed on the table before him, the English spinning machine put to use on his estate, and even the optical devices, such as the telescope, magic lantern, and camera obscura, which populated his home: Tatiana Smoliarova restores Derzhavin's visual environment through minute textual clues, inviting the reader to consider how such impressions informed and shaped his thinking and writing, countering the conservative, Russophile ideology he shared in his later years. In examining the poetics, aesthetics, and politics of Derzhavin's poems written in the early nineteenth century, Three Metaphors for Life makes us see this period as a chapter in the contradictory development of Russian modernity—at once regressive and progressive, resistant to social reform, insistent on a distinctly Russian historical destiny, yet enthusiastically embracing technological and industrial innovations and exploring new ways of thinking, seeing, and feeling.

With an interview with Derrick de Kerckhove. Symbolism as a parataxis, as a «jazz of the intellect»: this is the starting point of this research, inspired by a socio-literary interpretation of Marshall McLuhan's mediology and developed from a diachronic and exegetic perspective. According to the Canadian sociologist, the footsteps that led to this electric era can be traced through the study of certain writers and poets, whose symbolism provides a number of sociological hints foreshadowing our media modernity. This book aims to investigate the role of symbolism in McLuhan's sociological research, by outlining how the study of memory and the analysis of literary tradition are fundamental to understanding the complex development of communication and cultural studies. The research presented here focuses on the function of symbols as interpretative keys for the study of media carried out by McLuhan. It is exactly in this artistic movement that the sociologist finds the opportunity to analyse the representative practices (irrational and linear) of modern men, shaped by the reticular patterns of the mind. From this perspective, McLuhan identifies the creative process that lies at the root of symbolist poetry, identified as «a disposition, a parataxis, of components that draws a particular intuition through precise links, but without a point of view, that is a linear connection or sequential order».

Acts of Logos examines the 19th-century foundations of St. Petersburg's famous literary heritage, with a focus on the unifying principle of material animation. Ever since Pushkin's 1833 poem The Bronze Horseman, the city has provided a literary space in which inanimate things (noses, playing cards, overcoats) spring to life. Scollins's book addresses this issue of animacy by analyzing the powerful function of language in the city's literature, from its mythic origins—in which the tsar Peter appears as a God-like creator, calling his city forth from nothing—to the earliest texts of its literary tradition, when poets took up the pen to commit their own acts of verbal creation. Her interpretations shed new light on the canonical works of Pushkin and Gogol, exposing the performative and subversive possibilities of the poetic word in the Petersburg tradition, and revealing an emerging literary culture capable of challenging the official narratives of the state.

L'étude porte sur les catégories signes (Zeichen) et traces (Spuren) dans l'œuvre poétique et les textes poétologiques de Günter Eich (1907-1972). Signes naturels, linguistiques, traces biographiques et intertextuelles, relevé de stigmates historiques (Spurensicherung) imprègnent l'œuvre sous forme d'images poétiques et de concepts poétologiques. Complémentaires ou opposés, ils éclairent le parcours complexe du poète, du déchiffrement des signes naturels au souhait tardif de « ne pas laisser de traces », de la collecte de traces au tracé de l'écriture (et à son effacement) dans des textes lus comme des palimpsestes d'écrits antérieurs. A partir de documents d'archives inédits, de bibliothèques d'auteurs et d'entretiens avec des proches du poète, le rôle des signes et des traces dans les relations entre écriture poétique et réalité exogène est examiné en croisant processus d'écriture et réception des textes, celle-ci orientant à son tour les tracés poétiques ultérieurs. Le traitement des signes et traces est à la fois un acte de déchiffrement et l'esquisse d'un nouveau balisage poétique (Zeichen-Setzung) du langage et du réel. Cette nouvelle approche de l'évolution de la poétique et de la poésie de G. Eich éclaire le rapport problématique du poète au réel, à la tradition lyrique et à l'histoire de son temps en situant son œuvre au confluent de problématiques romantiques anciennes et d'une nouvelle fonction de la poésie née de la situation historique.

¿Cómo evocar a alguien como Juan Rulfo a cien años de su nacimiento? ¿En qué reside la genialidad de una obra rodeada por el aura de la perfección? ¿Cuál es la influencia de Rulfo en la literatura mundial? Organizadas en cinco secciones, las entusiastas y rigurosas colaboraciones de este volumen estudian El Llano en llamas, Pedro Páramo y otras obras menores. Escritos por prestigiosos académicos de universidades en Alemania, Bélgica, España, Estados Unidos, Francia, Inglaterra, México y Suiza, los artículos se enfocan en algunos de los cuentos menos estudiados (“El hombre” o “Paso del Norte”) o proponen una lectura novedosa de uno de los más comentados (“Luvina”); dan visiones globales de El Llano en llamas desde el eje de las lagunas del decir; reivindican a Rulfo como gran conocedor de la Biblia; derriban aspectos anquilosados y proponen nuevos caminos a partir de sugerentes posiciones teóricas o anclan la prosa de Rulfo en la tradición oral; reflexionan sobre El gallo de oro o reproducen una serie de entrevistas con cineastas que se inspiraron en la obra rulfiana; y también promueven análisis comparativos entre Rulfo y Nellie Campobello, Julio Llamazares y José Agustín. El volumen concluye con una reflexión ensayística donde se hace un balance general de las interpretaciones más importantes sobre Rulfo y se propone un nuevo camino para acercarse al misterio de su ficción y los procesos emocionales que detona.

'El teatro de los poetas: formas del drama simbolista en España (1890-1920)'es un libro sobre la recepción del simbolismo en el teatro español de finales del siglo xix y comienzos del xx. Más allá de las convenciones propias del género teatral, la posibilidad de un «teatro poético» en prosa contribuyó a la renovación estética de nuestra escena, inspirada por las corrientes antirrealistas del'fin de siglo'. En estas páginas se aborda un estudio de recepción del teatro simbolista europeo, centrado en la figura de Maurice Maeterlinck, y de su «reacción idealista», representada por Benavente, Martínez Sierra, Gual o Rusiñol. También se consignan las huellas maeterlinckianas en Valle-Inclán, Pérez de Ayala, Goy de Silva o Zozaya, entre otros. Se acomete, asimismo, un estudio de los temas y formas de este teatro modernista-simbolista, en el que no solo se rescatan autores y textos inéditos, sino que se desarrollan las claves para interpretar la poética simbolista del espectáculo, desde el «teatre íntim» de Gual hasta el «teatro de arte» de Martínez Sierra. En definitiva, se trata de confirmar una vía alternativa de teatralidad que permita reformular la historia de nuestro teatro para ampliar la noción de «teatro poético» y para admitir la existencia de un drama simbolista de pleno derecho en España.

Das Kreuz ist und bleibt ein Skandal. Nicht nur in öffentlichen Gebäuden und gesellschaftlichen Debatten, sondern auch bei Theologen erregt der Anblick des Gekreuzigten immer wieder Ärgernis. Der Schriftsteller und Philosoph Albert Camus, der zeitlebens nach dem Sinn menschlicher Existenz angesichts des Todes fragte, bringt die Zweifel am christlichen Erlösungsglauben in seinen Werken exemplarisch zum Ausdruck. Er sieht in Jesus Christus sowohl den absurden Menschen, der in seiner Not von Gott verlassen ist, als auch den Revoltierenden, der sich gegen das Böse auflehnt und sein Leben für die anderen opfert. In Auseinandersetzung mit Camus sucht die Studie nach einer zeit- und evangeliumsgemäßen Kreuzestheologie, die weder den Skandal leugnet noch die christliche Hoffnung verschweigt.

Suddenly, the Sight of War is a genealogy of Hebrew poetry written in pre-state Israel between the beginning of World War II and the War of Independence in 1948. In it, renowned literary scholar Hannan Hever sheds light on how the views and poetic practices of poets changed as they became aware of the extreme violence in Europe toward the Jews. In dealing with the difficult topics of the Shoah, Natan Alterman's 1944 publication of The Poems of the Ten Plagues proved pivotal. His work inspired the next generation of poets like Haim Guri, as well as detractors like Amir Gilboa. Suddenly, the Sight of War also explores the relations between the poetry of the struggle for national independence and the genre of war-reportage, uniquely prevalent at the time. Hever concludes his genealogy with a focus on the feminine reaction to the War of Independence showing how women writers such as Lea Goldberg and Yocheved Bat-Miryam subverted war poetry at the end of the 1940s. Through the work of these remarkable poets, we learn how a culture transcended seemingly unspeakable violence.

Entre un libro y otro libro, entre una obra de arte y otra, entre los conceptos estéticos y los literarios, existen pasadizos; pasajes subterráneos conocidos unas veces, secretos en la mayoría. Este ensayo toma la forma de una linterna, para abrirse paso por esos corredores. Dice Paul De Man en Visión y ceguera que'la modernidad existe en la forma de un deseo de borrar todo lo que vino antes, con la esperanza de llegar a un punto final que pueda ser llamado el verdadero presente, un punto de origen que marque un nuevo punto de partida'. Ese punto de partida es también el de este ensayo, en el que Vicente Luis Mora, caminando en la dirección de la mirada del ángel de la Historia (es decir, hacia el pasado), revisa cómo ciertas estructuras de la literatura y el arte modernos han puesto las bases de una concepción del espacio artístico que ha perdurado incluso después de la Posmodernidad y de lo que él llama Pangea, el tiempo digital y acrónico en el que nos encontramos. Arquitectos y poetas, pintores y filósofos, escultores y narradores comparecen en esta obra, mostrando cómo sus espacios dialogan en una topomaquia incruenta, una batalla de lugares simbólicos en la que el único muerto es el aburrimiento.'Si toda ciudad es un discurso, también toda escritura es una ciudad en sí misma, con sus barrios estructurales, sus pasadizos, sus calles significantes, sus personajes que pululan por ella como historias. La Literatura ya no puede concebirse fuera de la Arquitectura, alejada de las dimensiones urbanísticas en las que cada vez más se desarrollan la mayoría de las relaciones humanas. Leamos el lugar. Localicemos, en fin, la escritura'.'El espacio es un algo más sobre la página, una sintaxis que rige la falta de sintaxis, un nuevo orden que puede dar significado a lo escrito, que puede hacer signo el garabato y mensaje el signo'.

Deconstructing Paradise investigates Christian symbols that appear in Latin American Literature in an inverted way. The texts under investigation invert the Christian center to generate a social, political, cultural, or even artistic commentary. In doing so, each text underscores a search for meaning that rejects the centering presence of the more traditional Christian focus that has long validated humankind's existence both in society and in literature. As Deconstructing Paradise examines, finding a unified center around which to construct meaning is no longer possible, although the search for meaning persists in the inverted Christian center. The first three chapters analyze the trifecta of novels that offer a full allegory of inverted Christian symbolism including: Miguel Ángel Asturias'El Señor Presidente; Juan Rulfo's Pedro Páramo and José Donoso's El lugar sin límites. Chapters Four and Five focus on inverted Christ and inverted Judas figures in multiple novels and short fiction.As many Latin American literary critics affirm, it is increasingly difficult to categorize fiction after the Boom, although even the usefulness of these categories is ultimately questionable. Literary critics now look for patterns and Deconstructing Paradise offers one such pattern by identifying a trend in an impressive scope of the well-known authors of twentieth-century Latin American literature, while also tracing this pattern back to nineteenth-century precursors. Deconstructing Paradise offers a unique and comprehensive look at a significant trend that will undoubtedly foment new ideas and paths of study in contemporary Latin American literature.

Die germanistische Forschung fasste den Symbolismus bislang eher als ein transitorisches Phänomen, beschränkte ihn auf die Jahrhundertwende und betrachtete ihn aus einer engen nationalliterarischen Perspektive. Die vorliegende komparatistische Studie rekonstruiert nun erstmals systematisch die Rezeption der französischsprachigen Symbolisten in der deutschen Lyrik von 1890 bis 1923 und verdeutlicht ihre zentrale Rolle in der Modernisierung der deutschen Dichtersprache. Die Monographie gliedert sich in drei Teile. Der erste Teil ist dem französischen Symbolismus gewidmet. Die zweite Sektion dokumentiert den übersetzerischen Transfer. Der dritte Teil konzentriert sich auf die produktionsästhetische Aneignung und Modifikation der symbolistischen Poetik. Aufgrund ihrer Materialfülle, ihrer Auswertung neuer Quellen und ihrer Einbeziehung zahlreicher in Vergessenheit geratener Dichter stellt diese Monographie ein unverzichtbares Nachschlagewerk zur Geschichte der Symbolismus-Bewegung und der deutsch-französischen Literaturbeziehungen dar.

What role did music play in the creation of a new aesthetics of poetry in French from the 1860s to the 1930s? How did music serve as an unassimilable'other'against which the French symbolist poets crafted a new poetics? And why did music gradually disappear from early twentieth-century poetic discourse? These are among the questions Joseph Acquisto poses in his lively study of the ways in which Baudelaire, Mallarmé, Ghil, and Royère question the nature and function of the lyric through an ever-shifting set of intertextual and cultural contexts. Rather than focusing on'musicality'in verse, the author addresses the consequences of choosing music as a site of dialogue with poetry. Acquisto argues that memory plays an under acknowledged yet vital role in these poets'rewriting of symbolist poetics. His reading of their interactions, and his focus on both major and neglected poets, exposes the myth of a small handful of'great authors'shaping symbolism while a host of disciples propagated the tradition. Rather, Acquisto proposes, the multiplicity of authors writing and rewriting symbolism invites a dialogic approach to the poetics of the period. Moreover, music, as theorized rather than performed or heard, serves as a privileged mobile space of poetic creation and dialogue for these poet-critics; it is through engagement with music, supposedly the purest or most abstract of the arts, that one can retrace the textual and cultural transformations accomplished by the symbolist tradition. By extension, these poets'rethinking of poetics is an occasion for present-day critics to re-examine assumptions, not only about the intersections of music and poetry and our understanding of symbolist poetics but also about the role that the aesthetic implicitly plays in the creation, preservation, or reshaping of cultural memory.

L'auteure présente ici la première traduction française complète de l'ouvrage d'Arthur Symons, Le mouvement symboliste en littérature, dans sa deuxième édition définitive de 1908. Cette traduction est précédée par une analyse littéraire de la généalogie du livre, et suivie par une étude de l'influence considérable que le livre a exercée sur trois générations des plus grands poètes, tant britanniques et irlandais qu'américains.

The first English translation of Jung's landmark lecture on Nerval's hallucinatory memoirIn 1945, at the end of the Second World War and after a long illness, C. G. Jung delivered a lecture in Zürich on the French Romantic poet Gérard de Nerval. The lecture focused on Nerval's visionary memoir, Aurélia, which the poet wrote in an ambivalent attempt to emerge from madness. Published here for the first time, Jung's lecture is both a cautionary psychological tale and a validation of Nerval's visionary experience as a genuine encounter.Nerval explored the irrational with lucidity and exquisite craft. He privileged the subjective imagination as a way of fathoming the divine to reconnect with what the Romantics called the life principle. During the years of his greatest creativity, he suffered from madness and was institutionalized eight times. Contrasting an orthodox psychoanalytic interpretation with his own synthetic approach to the unconscious, Jung explains why Nerval was unable to make use of his visionary experiences in his own life. At the same time, Jung emphasizes the validity of Nerval's visions, differentiating the psychology of a work of art from the psychology of the artist. The lecture suggests how Jung's own experiments with active imagination influenced his reading of Nerval's Aurélia as a parallel text to his own Red Book.With Craig Stephenson's authoritative introduction, Richard Sieburth's award-winning translation of Aurélia, and Alfred Kubin's haunting illustrations to the text, and featuring Jung's reading marginalia, preliminary notes, and revisions to a 1942 lecture, On Psychological and Visionary Art documents the stages of Jung's creative process as he responds to an essential Romantic text.

Extrait:'De la vie vécue des êtres douloureux qui se meuvent dans le mystère d'une nuit. Ils ne savent rien que souffrir, sourire, aimer ; quand ils veulent comprendre, l'effort de leur inquiétude devient de l'angoisse et leur révolte s'évanouit en sanglots. Monter, monter toujours les dolents marches du calvaire et se heurter le front à une porte de fer : ainsi monte sœur Ygraine, ainsi monte et se heurte à la cruauté de la porte de fer chacune des pauvres créatures...'

Extrait :'FRANCIS JAMMES - Voici un poète bucolique. Il y a Virgile, et peut-être Racan, et un peu Segrais. Nulle sorte de poète n'est plus rare : il faut vivre à l'écart dans les vraies maisons de jadis, à la lisière des bois gardés par les seules ronces, au milieu des ormes noirs, des chênes ridés et des hêtres à la peau douce comme celle d'une amie très aimée...'

Ethics and Form in Fantasy Literature: Tolkien, Rowling and Meyer by Lykke Guanio-Uluru examines formal and ethical aspects of The Lord of the Rings, Harry Potter and the Twilight series in order to discover what best-selling fantasy texts can tell us about the values of contemporary Western culture.

Allegorical Bodies begins with the paradoxical observation that at the same time as the royal administrators of late fourteenth and early fifteenth-century France excluded women from the royal succession through the codification of Salic law, writers of the period adopted the female form as the allegorical personification of France itself. Considering the role of female allegorical figures in the works of Eustache Deschamps, Christine de Pizan, and Alain Chartier, as well as in the sermons of Jean Gerson, Daisy Delogu reveals how female allegories of the Kingdom of France and the University of Paris were used to conceptualize, construct, and preserve structures of power during the tumultuous reign of the mad king Charles VI (1380–1422).An impressive examination of the intersection between gender, allegory, and political thought, Delogu's book highlights the importance of gender to the functioning of allegory and to the construction of late medieval French identity.

In the symbolic language of ballads, a lady's costly dress tells of the beauty of the body beneath it or of the wearer's happiness; a lost hawk or hound foreshadows the hunter's fate long before the plot reaches a turning point. In her original and far-reaching study of such familiar narrative elements, Edith Randam Rogers adds much to our understanding of poetic expression in the ballad tradition.In focusing on individual motifs as they appear in different ballads, different languages, and different periods, Rogers proves the existence of a reliable lingua franca of symbolism in European balladry. Lines or even whole stanzas that have defied interpretation often come to life when the reader is aware of the meaning of a particular motif in such an international vocabulary of images. Thus this book makes available important new critical tools sure to have significant results for ballad scholarship.

An homage to Nabokov's Lectures on Literature, this collection of essays sheds new light on canonical authors such as Ibsen, Beckett, and Strindberg. Using style and structure as the connective thread, Mark Axelrod joins a wide and deep conversation on writers on writing.

Symbolic representation is a crucial subject for and a potent heuristic instrument of diaspora studies. This special focus inquires into the forms and functions of symbols of diaspora both in aesthetic practice and in critical discourse, analyzing and theorizing symbols from Shakespeare to Bollywood as well as in critical writings of theorists of diaspora. What kinds of symbols and symbolic practices, contributors ask, are germane to the representation, both emic and etic, of diasporics and diasporas? How are specific symbols and symbolic practices analyzed across the academic fields contributing to diaspora studies? Which symbols and symbolic practices inform the academic study of diasporas, sometimes unconsciously or without being remarked on? To study these phenomena is to engage in a dialogue that aims at refining the theoretical and methodological vocabulary and practice of truly transdisciplinary diaspora studies while attending to the imperative of specificity that inheres in this emerging field. The volume collects a range of analyses from social anthropology, history and ethnography to literary and film studies, all combining readings of individual symbolic practices with meta-theoretical reflections.

First published in 1899, The Symbolist Movement in Literature was a highly influential work of criticism, and served to introduce the French Symbolists to an Anglophone readership. Symons'interest in writers such as Paul Verlaine and Stéphane Mallarmé puts him at the heart of contemporary debates about Decadence and Symbolism in fin-de-siècle literature; but his work was also a formative influence on modernist writers such as Joyce, Eliot, Pound and Yeats, helping to shape the role of the Image in modernist writing. This new critical edition makes available a key text that has been out of print for over 50 years, and includes the essays that Symons added to the expanded edition of his book in 1919. It also includes an introduction, chronology and notes, together with appendices presenting the full text of Symons'essay The Decadent Movement in Literature'and a selection of his translations of poems by Verlaine and Mallarmé.

Der Nister (Pinkhes Kahanovitsh, 1884-1950) is widely regarded as the most enigmatic author in modern Yiddish literature. His pseudonym, which translates as'The Hidden One', is as puzzling as his diverse body of works, which range from mystical symbolist poetry and dark expressionist tales to realist historical epic. Although part of the Kiev Group of Yiddish writers, which also included David Bergelson and Peretz Markish, Der Nister remained at the margins of the Yiddish literary world throughout his life, mainstream success eluding him both in- and outside the Soviet Union. Yet, to judge from the quantity of recent research and translation work, der Nister is today one of the best remembered Yiddish modernists. The present collection of twelve original articles by international scholars re-examines Der Nister's cultural and literary legacy, bringing to light new aspects of his life and creative output.

First published in 1899, The Symbolist Movement in Literature was a highly influential work of criticism and introduced the French Symbolists to an Anglophone readership. Arthur Symons's interest in writers such as Verlaine and Mallarmé puts him at the heart of contemporary debates about Decadence and Symbolism in fin-de-siècle literature, but his work was also a formative influence on modernist writers such as James Joyce, George Eliot, Ezra Pound, and William Butler Yeats, helping to shape the role of the Image in modernist writing. This new critical edition makes available a key text that has been out of print for more than 50 years. It includes an introduction, chronology, and notes, together with appendices presenting the full text of Symons'essay “The Decadent Movement in Literature” and a selection of his translations of French poetry.

'Ich existiere nicht etwa als ein Bild, das ich von mir gemacht habe, oder in symbolischen Bestimmungen, die mir meinen Platz in der Gesellschaft zuweisen, sondern als radikale Einzelheit, die sich rätselhafterweise trotz allem über der Abgründigkeit ihres bedrohten Lebens am Rande des Verschwindens hält.'Marc Richir, Mondes et phénomènes

A surprisingly large number of English poets have either belonged to a secret society, or been strongly influenced by its tenets. One of the best known examples is Christopher Smart's membership of the Freemasons, and the resulting influence of Masonic doctrines on A Song to David. However, many other poets have belonged to, or been influenced by not only the Freemasons, but the Rosicrucians, Gormogons and Hell-Fire Clubs. First published in 1986, this study concentrates on five major examples: Smart, Burns, William Blake, William Butler Yeats and Rudyard Kipling, as well as a number of other poets. Marie Roberts questions why so many poets have been powerfully attracted to the secret societies, and considers the effectiveness of poetry as a medium for conveying secret emblems and ritual. She shows how some poets believed that poetry would prove a hidden symbolic language in which to reveal great truths.The beliefs of these poets are as diverse as their practice, and this book sheds fascinating light on several major writers.