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Eighty percent of Filipinos (about 80 million people) identify with the Catholic faith. Visitors to the Philippines might find it surprising that images of Catholic saints, the Child Christ, and the Virgin Mary can be seen in all kinds of public and private spaces throughout this Asian country, such as in restaurants, shopping malls, pasted to walls, painted on buses, and of course, in-home altars. Many of these saints bear Spanish names and their legends almost always date to the period of Spanish colonialism. Saints of Resistance: Devotions in the Philippines under Early Spanish Rule explores why, in spite of their fraught history with Spanish colonialism (which ended in 1898), Filipinos have staunchly held on to the faith in their saints. This is the first scholarly study to focus on the dynamic life of saints and their devotees in the Spanish Philippines, from the sixteenth through the early part of the eighteenth century. The book offers an in-depth analysis of the origins and development of the beliefs and rituals surrounding some of the most popular saints in the Philippines, namely, Santo Niño de Cebu, Our Lady of Caysasay, Our Lady of La Naval, and Our Lady of Antipolo. Christina Lee recovers the voices of colonized Philippine subjects as well as those of Spaniards who, through the veneration of miraculous saints, projected and relieved their grievances, anxieties, and histories of communal suffering. Based on critical readings of primary sources, the book traces how individuals and their communities often refashioned iconographic devotions to the Holy Child and to the Virgin Mary by introducing non-Catholic elements derived from pre-Hispanic, animistic, and Chinese traditions. Ultimately, the book reveals how Philippine natives, Chinese migrants, and Spaniards reshaped the imported devotions as expressions of dissidence, resistance, and survival.

La conquista de México ha sido, a lo largo de la historia, una verdadera'guerra de imágenes'entre México y España, un caso flagrante de manipulación histórica, por ambas partes, cuyos ecos envenenados llegan hasta el presente. La Corona española silenció la conquista de México en su propaganda bélica, en sus salas de batallas y en sus espacios de Estado. Los monarcas no querían ser recordados como conquistadores de las Indias sino como instrumentos de su evangelización. En contraste, la Nueva España cimentó su compleja identidad reinterpretando y exaltando la conquista. Será hasta el siglo xix que los españoles se vanaglorien de la conquista de México, como parte de su construcción nacional, mientras que en México se imponía la visión contraria, la de víctimas seculares del abuso europeo. La conquista de la identidad estudia las obras de arte, o su ausencia, sobre la conquista de México en ambas orillas del Atlántico y la relación que este hecho crucial de la historia guarda con la construcción de las identidades de cada país.

Desde los aportes de los debates historiográficos europeos de los años cincuenta y el giro humanista en las ciencias sociales, se considera un conjunto de categorías de unos transdisciplinar, como la representación y la alteridad, entre otras, que permiten dilucidar las posibilidades epistémicas de un sujeto propio de la historia marítima, de gran utilidad a los estudios sobre la América colonia. Tomando como base el mar Caribe -propicio a las conexiones y diversas experiencias individuales y colectivas entre lo siglos xvi y xvii-, esta obra evidencia el modo en que los sujetos, grupos y pueblos redefinen los términos en que suelen plantear el análisis del poder político y territorial.

Transatlantic Studies: Latin America, Iberia, and Africa emerges from, and performs, an ongoing debate concerning the role of transatlantic approaches in the fields of Iberian, Latin American, African, and Luso-Brazilian studies. The innovative research and discussions contained in this volume's 35 essays by leading scholars in the field reframe the intertwined cultural histories of the diverse transnational spaces encompassed by the former Spanish and Portuguese empires. An emerging field, Transatlantic Studies seeks to provoke a discussion and a reconfiguration of the traditional academic notions of area studies, while critically engaging the concepts of national cultures and postcolonial relations among Spain, Portugal and their former colonies. Crucially, Transatlantic Studies transgresses national boundaries without dehistoricizing or decontextualizing the texts it seeks to incorporate within this new framework.

This collaborative multi-authored volume integrates interdisciplinary approaches to ethnic, imperial, and national borderlands in the Iberian World (16th to early 19th centuries). It illustrates the historical processes that produced borderlands in the Americas and connected them to global circuits of exchange and migration in the early modern world. The book offers a balanced state-of-the-art educational tool representing innovative research for teaching and scholarship. Its geographical scope encompasses imperial borderlands in what today is northern Mexico and southern United States; the greater Caribbean basin, including cross-imperial borderlands among the island archipelagos and Central America; the greater Paraguayan river basin, including the Gran Chaco, lowland Brazil, Paraguay, and Bolivia; the Amazonian borderlands; the grasslands and steppes of southern Argentina and Chile; and Iberian trade and religious networks connecting the Americas to Africa and Asia. The volume is structured around the following broad themes: environmental change and humanly crafted landscapes; the role of indigenous allies in the Spanish and Portuguese military expeditions; negotiations of power across imperial lines and indigenous chiefdoms; the parallel development of subsistence and commercial economies across terrestrial and maritime trade routes; labor and the corridors of forced and free migration that led to changing social and ethnic identities; histories of science and cartography; Christian missions, music, and visual arts; gender and sexuality, emphasizing distinct roles and experiences documented for men and women in the borderlands. While centered in the colonial era, it is framed by pre-contact Mesoamerican borderlands and nineteenth-century national developments for those regions where the continuity of inter-ethnic relations and economic networks between the colonial and national periods is particularly salient, like the central Andes, lowland Bolivia, central Brazil, and the Mapuche/Pehuenche captaincies in South America. All the contributors are highly recognized scholars, representing different disciplines and academic traditions in North America, Latin America and Europe.

From Al-Andalus to the Americas (13th-17th Centuries). Destruction and Construcion of Societies offers a multi-perspective view of the filiation of different colonial and settler colonial experiences, from the Medieval Iberian Peninsula to the early Modern Americas. All the articles in the volume refer the reader to colonial orders that extended over time, that substantially reduced indigenous populations, that imposed new productive strategies and created new social hierarchies. The ideological background and how conquests were organised; the treatment given to the conquered lands and people; the political organisations, and the old and new agricultural systems are issues discussed in this volume.Contributors are David Abulafia, Manuel Ardit, Antonio Espino, Adela Fábregas, Josep M. Fradera, Enric Guinot, Helena Kirchner, Antonio Malpica, Virgilio Martínez-Enamorado, Carmen Mena, António Mendes, Félix Retamero, Inge Schjellerup, Josep Torró, and Antoni Virgili.

How was Spain able to govern its enormous colonial territories? In 1573 the king decreed that his councilors should acquire'complete knowledge'about the empire they were running from out of Madrid, and he initiated an impressive program for the systematic collection of empirical knowledge. Brendecke shows why this knowledge was created in the first place – but then hardly used. And he looks into the question of what political effects such a policy of knowledge had for Spain's colonial rule.

El trabajo que aquí se presenta clarifica el grado de responsabilidad que tuvo la colonización española en Marruecos y Guinea Ecuatorial respecto a la gestión de la diversidad cultural y analiza la influencia de los migrantes transnacionales marroquíes y guineoecuatorianos establecidos en España sobre el futuro sociopolítico de sus países y sobre la gestión de sus complejas y ricas identidades culturales. Temas minuciosamente tratados por los textos que conforman la obra, cuyos autores ofrecen valiosas contribuciones científicas en cuestiones poco exploradas del colonialismo español. El libro, dividido en dos grandes secciones, sigue en su primera parte las huellas de imaziguen y árabes del Protectorado español, analiza los discursos coloniales y la agencia nativa bubi en la isla de Bioko, y aborda la construcción del indígena en los Territorios Españoles del Golfo de Guinea. En la segunda parte se reflexiona sobre si los imazighen están en los márgenes de la historia, se estudia el fracaso en la formación de élites para la independencia en Guinea Ecuatorial, se recuperan los legados coloniales y lingüísticos de los imaziguen europeos, se propone un análisis discursivo de los silencios impuestos para los guineoecuatorianos y se observa si las herencias de la dominación pudieron tener lugar a través del control de los rituales islámicos durante el Protectorado español en Marruecos. Las investigaciones presentadas ahondan en los discursos y las políticas coloniales, así como en las herencias coloniales actuales, aspectos que permiten adquirir una mayor comprensión del papel del colonialismo español en África.