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As the demands of society increase in their quest for safer, better and more convenient products, the chemical industry is faced on the one hand with the possible depletion of natural resources and on the other with a large share of responsibility for the damage that may be caused to the environment and the population by their products. The main area of chemical activity consists of the conversion of various base metals into substances and materials with new chemical and physical properties. A substantial amount of research is being carried out regarding this conversion process, which now must incorporate sustainability requirements. In addition, other associated activities, such as the chemical supply chain, performance measurements and different types of management tasks, must meet sustainability standards. Achieving sustainable chemistry based on clean processing routes, efficient use of resources, renewable materials, adequate management systems and other activities is not only essential for the future of a competitive chemical industry but also for a sustainable and healthy society and environment. Key to sustainable chemistry are innovative and cleaner technologies and the development of appropriate business models, performance measurements, and better integrated management. This book contains papers on the latest academic and industrial research in the field presented at the first international conference convened on the sustainable chemistry.

Safety & Security Engineering, due to its special nature, represents an interdisciplinary area of research and applications that brings together, in a systemic view, many disciplines of engineering, from the most traditional to the most advanced and novel. Safety & Security Engineering is characterized by a totally new approach since it first analyzes the hazard context not only by means of traditional tools but also by means of risk analysis techniques and then manages the above mentioned context through technical solutions, installations, systems, human resources and procedures to prevent and face incidental events, natural and voluntary, that could damage people or goods. The purpose of the fourth International Conference on Safety and Security Engineering (SAFE 2011) was to continue to provide a forum for the presentation and discussion of the most recent developments in the theoretical and practical aspects of Safety and Security Engineering. The papers in this volume cover the following topics: Infrastructure Protection; Risk Analysis, Assessment and Management; Public Safety and Security; Modelling and Experiments; Construction Safety and Security; Transportation and Road Safety; Safety of Users in Road Evacuation; Emergency and Disaster Management; Process Safety and Security; Emerging Issues in Safety.