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Substance P: From Pain to Cancer, a volume in the Molecular Mediators in Health and Disease: How Cells Communicate series, provides a complete discussion of substance P biology, its role in normal physiology and a variety of diseases.The volume provides an introduction to substance P and its pharmacology, followed by exploring its role across the human body including cardiovascular function, micturition, learning and memory, emesis, respiration and sleep. It then discusses the critical role of substance P in several disease states including acute brain injury, neurodegeneration, seizures, depression and anxiety, cancer, musculoskeletal disorders, and viral infection, including COVID-19. The book closes with a look towards future perspectives for substance P.Substance P: From Pain to Cancer is an ideal reference for researchers across the life sciences interested in understanding the role of this multi-functioning mediator and its biological significance. - Provides a comprehensive overview of the role of substance P across different organ systems, including the nervous, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems and renal function - Includes detailed coverage of the specific actions of substance P in various disease states and conditions, such as inflammation, cancer, acute brain injury, mood disorders, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and viral infection including COVID-19 - Examines substance P as a modulator of the immune response and pain perception - Includes expertise from a range of interdisciplinary areas including molecular biology, pharmacology, physiology, neuroscience, anatomy, and therapeutics

Hormones and Reproduction of Vertebrates, Volume 1: Fishes is the first of five second-edition volumes representing a comprehensive and integrated overview of hormones and reproduction in fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. The book includes coverage of endocrinology, neuroendocrinology, physiology, behavior, and anatomy of fish reproduction. It provides a broad treatment of the roles of pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and gonadal hormones in all aspects of reproduction, as well as descriptions of major life history events. New to this edition is a concluding assessment of the effect of environmental influences on fishes. Initial chapters in this book broadly examine sex determination, reproductive neuroendocrinology, stress, and hormonal regulation as it relates to testicular and ovarian development and function. Subsequent chapters examine hormones and reproduction of specific taxa, including agnathan, chondrichthyan, and sarcopterygian fishes. The book concludes with an examination of the environmental influences on hormones and reproduction of fishes, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals and climate change. Hormones and Reproduction of Vertebrates, Volume 1: Fishes is designed to provide a readable, coordinated description of reproductive basics in fishes, as well as an introduction to the latest trends in reproductive research and a presentation of our understanding of reproductive events gained over the past decade. It may serve as a stand-alone reference for researchers and practitioners in the field of ichthyology or as one of five coordinated references aligned to provide topical treatment across vertebrate taxa for researchers, practitioners, and students focused on vertebrate endocrinology. - Covers endocrinology, neuroendocrinology, physiology, behavior, and anatomy of fish reproduction - Includes pituitary, pineal, thyroid, adrenal, and gonadal hormones - Focuses on teleosts as well as information on agnathan, chondrichthyan, and sarcopterygian fishes - Provides new coverage on endocrine-disrupting chemicals, microplastics, and climate change

Improving Health and Nutrition through Bioactive Compounds: Benefits and Applications presents bioactive compounds and functional foods as a therapeutic approach to disease and overall health and well-being. It covers various bioactive compounds, including peptides, phenols, and flavonoids as foods to consider for complementary treatment in disease management. Written for nutrition researchers, food scientists, graduate students and other food science and health professionals, this book is a welcomed reference for those who wish to better understand the role of bioactive compounds and functional foods in the treatment and prevention of disease. - Highlights dietary alternatives to health management and disease treatment and prevention - Covers bioactive constituents of foods, phytochemicals, and the effect of digestion or processing on food components - Considers the link between food composition and processing on the nutritional and functional quality of foods, along with the role of diet in enhancing consumer health

Diseases of Bivalves: Historical and Current Perspectives is a novel reference covering all known diseases of cultured and fished bivalve mollusks from around the world. Written by a renowned expert in the field of shellfish, the author presents a historical perspective of disease discovery, explaining when and where each disease first occurred and identified to current research findings. This reference describes the infectious agent that causes each disease and environmental conditions that promote infection symptoms and signs of the disease in the host, both as noted in individual animals and in the affected populations, and resultant morbidity and mortality of infected populations. The book offers past and current possible prevention and management methods to control disease in current and projected geographical locations. This is a complete resource for aquatic and veterinary pathologists, aquaculturists, government regulators, disease specialists and researchers, bivalve researchers, and students alike. Diseases include Metazoan Disease, Viral diseases, Fungal Disease, and more. - Presents microscopic visuals to illustrate the disease in bivalves - Includes graphs showing changes in disease prevalence and severity - Provides methods of diagnosis of infection by disease producing organisms

Feed and Feeding for Fish and Shellfish: Nutritional Physiology presents foundational knowledge and the most recent advances in aquaculture finfish and crustacean metabolism and nutritional requirements, feed ingredients, nutrient deficiency disorders, and integrated sciences. Nutrition is fundamental to the success and sustainability of the aquaculture industry as it relates to economics, fish health, high-quality product production, and pollution minimization. This book provides a unique, complete, and comprehensive coverage of the nutrition, metabolism, and feeding strategies of key aquaculture species.Written by an international group of experts, this work introduces nutrient requirements of finfish, prawn, shrimp, crabs, and lobster before delving into advances in feed ingredients, production, and practices. Latter chapters discuss the risks of nutritional deficiency and associated diseases and disorders. The final section of the book describes integrated sciences, including aquaculture species immune systems, muscle development, reproduction, gut health, and broader perspectives on seafood quality and food security. - Presents the most recent advances in the field over the last decade - Includes all nutritionally balanced, environmentally sound, and cost-effective feed for finfish and crustaceans - Provides comprehensive coverage related to nutrition and metabolism of finfish and crustaceans

The Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology is a comprehensive, introductory-level reference work that aims to unite readers in the wonders of this discipline. Fish live in almost every water system on this planet and represent more than half of all vertebrate species alive today. Fish physiology is a massive field of study and can be difficult to penetrate as most texts are written for readers with a post-secondary education in biology. This Encyclopedia aims to capture the interest of a more diverse group of readers, leading readers from core concepts to application in topics as far ranging as reproductive behaviours to surviving sub-zero temperatures. For example, from a foundation of heart anatomy, oxygen transport, and exercise physiology, readers can appreciate the challenges faced by migratory fish as river temperatures increase with climate change. The work aims and showing why biologists around the world choose to study fish physiology and what can be gained from such study. Chapters highlight where physiological systems and processes are conserved across vertebrate groups, which supports the use of fish as a vertebrate model for investigating fundamental problems in physiology and knowledge transfer to the medical field. Other chapters highlight unique specializations and adaptations that allow fish to survive in challenging environments, leading to a deeper appreciation of the natural world. Finally, other chapters demonstrate the consequences of perturbing physiological systems and how this knowledge can empower conservation strategies to protect fish. Much has changed in the field of fish physiology since publication of the previous, Prose award winning, edition. For example, we understand better the impacts of global climate change on the physiological systems of fish, and we have gained a deeper mechanistic understanding of physiological processes through technological advancements such as gene editing with CRISPR, whole genome sequencing, and quantitative'omic` approaches. The new edition will greatly expand the closing thematic section focused on applying fish physiology to real world challenges with topics including ocean acidification, declining habitat quality due to human activities, and the use of zebrafish in biomedical studies on tissue regeneration, neurological disorders and cancer. A new feature of the Encyclopedia is including presentation-ready summary slides of key concepts presented in each chapter, which will be a valuable tool for educators wishing to incorporate the Encyclopedia into class resources. All authors will be encouraged to enhance their chapters with multimedia features such as videos (ex. in fish behaviour chapters) and virtual microscope (ex. chapters on tissue morphology). - Comprehensive single resource on fish physiology that covers a diverse range of topics to educate and fascinate - Written by leading experts in the field, offering topical overviews with a suggested reading list for those wanting to learn more - Structured, accessible chapters include graphical and bulleted summaries that can be used as teaching material - Follows a set template, making the work consistent and easy to navigate

Abalone: Biology, Ecology, Aquaculture and Fisheries, Volume 42 in the Developments in Aquaculture and Fisheries Science series, describes the taxonomy of more than 50 abalone species worldwide. The content contains information on the biology, physiology and ecology of each species as well as reproduction, genetics, diseases and parasites. It includes abalone fisheries in different parts of the world, detailing abalone aquaculture in China, Japan, Korea, Australia, Europe and Western North America. This reference takes a comprehensive approach to understanding overall shellfish management, making it valuable to fisheries, marine biologists and researchers studying shellfish, aquaculture and the ocean environment. This will also be a great resource for government and academia professionals interested in aquaculture and fisheries and their sustainable futures. - Includes the newest information on diseases and parasites, marine contaminants, genetics, population dynamics and more, with extensive reference lists provided for each chapter - Addresses the full scope of aquaculture expansion and issues surrounding sustainability and production and the newest observations in marine contaminants and effects on abalone production - Includes the most recent advances in research and the newest developments in industry by top world experts

La literatura infantil i juvenil viu un dels millors moments de la seva història i cada vegada és més difícil la tasca dels mediadors —mestres, bibliotecaris, pares i mares, etc.— a l'hora de conèixer i recomanar els títols més adequats a cada lector. Amb la idea d'ajudar a encomanar el gust per la lectura, Cristina Correro i Joan Portell proposen un recorregut per l'univers literari d'infants i joves: des dels contes, la poesia i la cançó popular en el si de la família, fins als referents de les lectures adolescents. Expliquen també quines són les millors estratègies per fomentar l'hàbit de llegir, per cada franja d'edat, i els criteris que cal tenir en compte en el disseny d'un bon pla de lectura, l'eina que marcarà el rumb de l'itinerari lector.

Drying of Aromatic Plant Material for Natural Perfumes provides readers with a deep understanding of the fascinating world of aromatic plants, drying, extraction and perfumery. It covers the significance and global demand of essential oils, a glimpse of plant histology, secretion and storage of secondary metabolites in plant tissues, drying technologies and selection for dehydration of herbage, extraction, chemical compositions and applications. The book is organized into four sections: plant cell structures and their role during dehydration, aromatic plants and their essential oil contents, composition and contribution towards perfumery, and dehydration and extraction technologies. The book does the following: Summarizes commercially important aromatic plant materials and extracted essential oil around the world and their socio-commercial impact Includes structures of plant tissues, inherent mass transfer pathways, along with the presence and role of water, the understanding of which can aid dehydration and extraction Describes methods for selecting drying parameters and relates drying mechanisms with microstructure Discusses drying technologies for heat-sensitive materials and extraction technologies for selective component extractions Covers preprocessing, extraction and standardization of essential oils for blending for different applications This book serves as a handy tool for R&D, industrial, and academic researchers working in perfumery, fragrance, and food science, as well as chemical and agricultural engineering.

Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives is an award-winning and groundbreaking exploration of the fundamental elements of the taxonomy, systematics, physiology, and ecology of sharks, skates, rays, and chimera. This edition presents current research as well as traditional models, to provide future researchers with solid historical foundations in shark research as well as presenting current trends from which to develop new frontiers in their own work. Traditional areas of study such as age and growth, reproduction, taxonomy and systematics, sensory biology, and ecology are updated with contemporary research that incorporates emerging techniques including molecular genetics, exploratory techniques in artificial insemination, and the rapidly expanding fields of satellite tracking, remote sensing, accelerometry, and imaging. With two new editors and 90 contributors from the US, UK, South Africa, Portugal, France, Canada, New Zealand, Australia, India, Palau, United Arab Emirates, Micronesia, Sweden, Argentina, Indonesia, Cameroon, and the Netherlands, this third edition is the most global and comprehensive yet. It adds six new chapters representing extensive studies of health, stress, disease and pathology, and social structure, and continues to explore elasmobranch ecological roles and interactions with their habitats. The book concludes with a comprehensive review of conservation policies, management, and strategies, as well as consideration of the potential effects of impending climate change. Presenting cohesive and integrated coverage of key topics and discussing technological advances used in modern shark research, this revised edition offers a well-rounded picture for students and researchers.

This encyclopedia, representing one of the most multi-disciplinary areas of research, is a comprehensive examination of the key areas in animal cognition and behavior. It will serve as a complementary resource to the handbooks and journals that have emerged in the last decade on this topic, and will be a useful resource for student and researcher alike. With comprehensive coverage of this field, key concepts will be explored. These include social cognition, prey and predator detection, habitat selection, mating and parenting, development, genetics, physiology, memory, learning and perception. Attention is also given to animal-human co-evolution and interaction, and animal welfare. All entries are under the purview of acknowledged experts in the field.

A comprehensive volume providing broad and detailed coverage of marine mussels Marine Mussels: Ecology, Physiology, Genetics and Culture provides readers with in-depth, fully up-to-date information on all major aspects of marine mussels. Written by an internationally renowned expert in the field, this authoritative volume addresses morphology, ecology, ­feeding, phylogeny and evolution, reproduction and larval development, settlement and recruitment, genetics, disease, management of culture systems and more. The book encompasses many different species of marine mussels: genus Mytilus, other important commercial marine genera such as Perna, Aulacomya and Choromytilus, and non-commercial genera including Modiolus, Geukensia, Brachidontes and hydrothermal vent Bathymodiolus. Comprising twelve extensively cross-referenced chapters, the book discusses a diversity of integrated topics that range from fundamental physiology of marine mussels to new techniques being applied in their biology and ecology. Author Elizabeth Gosling reviews contemporary developments and issues in the field such as the use of DNA genetic markers in detecting and diagnosing different strains of pathogenic bacteria, the use of mussels as monitors of marine contaminants, sophisticated modelling techniques that simulate disease and forecast outbreaks, and the impacts of global warming, ocean acidification and hypoxia on marine mussels. Presenting an inclusive, highly detailed treatment of mussel biology, physiology, genetics, and culture, this invaluable resource: Contains thorough descriptions of external and internal anatomy, global and local distribution patterns, the impacts of mussels on marine ecosystems, and the processes of circulation, respiration, excretion and osmoregulation Reflects significant advances in mussel science and new areas of research in marine mussels Describes the fundamentals of mussel aquaculture, the types and levels of contaminants in the marine environment and new approaches for sustainable aquaculture development Discusses the application of genetic methods, population genetics, global breeding programmes and the emerging area of bivalve genomics Addresses the role of mussels in disease transmission to humans, including production and processing controls, regulation of monitoring and quality control Marine Mussels: Ecology, Physiology, Genetics and Culture is essential reading for biological scientists, researchers, instructors and advanced students in the fields of biology, ecology, aquaculture, environmental science, toxicology, genetics, pathology, taxonomy and public health.

This book advances understanding of light-induced phase transitions and nonequilibrium orders that occur in a broken-symmetry system. Upon excitation with an intense laser pulse, materials can undergo a nonthermal transition through pathways different from those in equilibrium. The mechanism underlying these photoinduced phase transitions has long been researched, but many details in this ultrafast, non-adiabatic regime still remain to be clarified. The work in this book reveals new insights into this phenomena via investigation of photoinduced melting and recovery of charge density waves (CDWs). Using several time-resolved diffraction and spectroscopic techniques, the author shows that the light-induced melting of a CDW is characterized by dynamical slowing-down, while the restoration of the symmetry-breaking order features two distinct timescales: A fast recovery of the CDW amplitude is followed by a slower re-establishment of phase coherence, the latter of which is dictated by the presence of topological defects in the CDW. Furthermore, after the suppression of the original CDW by photoexcitation, a different, competing CDW transiently emerges, illustrating how a hidden order in equilibrium can be unleashed by a laser pulse. These insights into CDW systems may be carried over to other broken-symmetry states, such as superconductivity and magnetic ordering, bringing us one step closer towards manipulating phases of matter using a laser pulse.

This book presents the proceedings of the 8th International Ergonomics Conference (ERGONOMICS), held in Zagreb, Croatia on December 2-5, 2020. By highlighting the latest theories and models, as well as cutting-edge technologies and applications, and by combining findings from a range of disciplines including engineering, design, robotics, healthcare, management, computer science, human biology and behavioral science, it provides researchers and practitioners alike with a comprehensive, timely guide on human factors and ergonomics. It also offers an excellent source of innovative ideas to stimulate future discussions and developments aimed at applying knowledge and techniques to optimize system performance, while at the same time promoting the health, safety and wellbeing of individuals. The proceedings include papers from researchers and practitioners, scientists and physicians, institutional leaders, managers and policy makers that contribute to constructing the Human Factors and Ergonomics approach across a variety of methodologies, domains and productive sectors.

Evolutionary Neuroscience, Second Edition, is a collection of chapters on brain evolution that combines selected topics from the recent comprehensive reference, Evolution of Nervous Systems (Elsevier, Academic Press, 2017, 9780128040423). The selected chapters cover a broad range of topics, from historical theory, to the most recent deductions from comparative studies of brains. The articles are organized in sections focused on history, concepts and theory, the evolution of brains from early vertebrates to present-day fishes, amphibians, reptiles and birds, the evolution of mammalian brains, and the evolution of primate brains, including human brains. Each chapter is written by a leader or leaders in the field. Specific topics include brain character reconstruction, principles of brain scaling, basic features of vertebrate brains, the evolution of the major sensory systems, other parts of brains, what we can learn from fossils, the origin of neocortex, and the evolution of specializations of human brains. The collection of articles will be interesting to anyone who is curious about how brains evolved from the simpler nervous systems of the first vertebrates into the many different complex forms now found in present-day vertebrates. - Provides the most comprehensive, authoritative and up-to-date single volume collection on brain evolution - Presents a full color treatment, with many illustrations - Written by leading scholars and experts - Features chapters on brain character reconstruction, principles of brain scaling, basic features of vertebrate brains, the evolution of the major sensory systems, and other parts of brains - Discusses what we can learn from fossils, the origin of neocortex, and the evolution of specializations of human brains

The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set is a comprehensive reference work covering the range of topics that constitute current knowledge of the neural mechanisms underlying the different senses. This important work provides the most up-to-date, cutting-edge, comprehensive reference combining volumes on all major sensory modalities in one set. Offering 264 chapters from a distinguished team of international experts, The Senses lays out current knowledge on the anatomy, physiology, and molecular biology of sensory organs, in a collection of comprehensive chapters spanning 4 volumes. Topics covered include the perception, psychophysics, and higher order processing of sensory information, as well as disorders and new diagnostic and treatment methods. Written for a wide audience, this reference work provides students, scholars, medical doctors, as well as anyone interested in neuroscience, a comprehensive overview of the knowledge accumulated on the function of sense organs, sensory systems, and how the brain processes sensory input. As with the first edition, contributions from leading scholars from around the world will ensure The Senses offers a truly international portrait of sensory physiology. The set is the definitive reference on sensory neuroscience and provides the ultimate entry point into the review and original literature in Sensory Neuroscience enabling students and scientists to delve into the subject and deepen their knowledge. - All-inclusive coverage of topics: updated edition offers readers the only current reference available covering neurobiology, physiology, anatomy, and molecular biology of sense organs and the processing of sensory information in the brain - Authoritative content: world-leading contributors provide readers with a reputable, dynamic and authoritative account of the topics under discussion - Comprehensive-style content: in-depth, complex coverage of topics offers students at upper undergraduate level and above full insight into topics under discussion

Sialic Acids and Sialoglycoconjugates in the Biology of Life, Health and Disease enables the reader to understand the role of sialylation as a post translational modification. The book provides insights on the latest knowledge in the field of sialoglycobiology. Sialic acids as terminal residues of oligosaccharide chains play crucial roles in several cellular recognition events. Synthesized post translationally, they play an important role in recognition, signaling, immunological response and cell-cell interaction. Improper sialylations have been associated with several diseases including cancer. In the post genomics and proteomics era, sialoglybiology has become more and more important in deciphering health and disease conditions. - Discusses the sialic acids and their role in different diseases (other than cancer) - Provides an understanding of sialylations as post translational modifications (PTM) - Demonstrates the impact sialylation has on infectious diseases, the autoimmune system and health - Gives insights on the importance of sialic acid biology through animal models

During the past two decades, fish endocrinology has witnessed exciting developments due to our increased knowledge at all levels of biological organizations, including molecular biology, cell biology, physiology and behavior. New insights into development, neurobiology, immunology and molecular genetics closely correlated with classical aspects of endocrinology and represent important contributions to our knowledge on regulatory processes of vertebrates, including fish. The purpose of this book is to overview major advances in numerous research areas of fish endocrinology. Most of the chapters not only review and discuss the state-of-the-art in the respective field, but also show perspectives of future research. The book will be of interest to scientists involved in basic fish research, comparative endocrinology, fisheries and aquaculture as well as for students of fish biology.

When did the first vertebrates emerge, and how did they differ from their invertebrate ancestors? When did vertebrates evolve jaws, paired fins, pattern vision, or a neocortex? How have evolutionary innovations such as these impacted vertebrate behavior and success? Georg Striedter and Glenn Northcutt answer these fundamental questions about all major vertebrate lineages. Highlighting the key innovations of each major taxonomic group, they review how evolutionary changes in vertebrate genetics, anatomy, and physiology are reflected in the nervous system. This highly accessible book allows readers to explore a vast expanse of scientific knowledge, ranging from paleoecology to comparative molecular biology, sensory biology to neural circuit evolution, and fossil anatomy to animal behavior. Brains Through Time examines how vertebrate nervous systems evolved in conjunction with other organ systems and the planet's ecology. Surveying an enormous range of information on genes and proteins, sensory and motor systems, central neural circuits, physiology, and animal behavior, the authors reconstruct the major changes that occurred as vertebrates emerged and then diversified. In the process, readers are transported back in time to key stages of vertebrate evolution, notably the origin of vertebrates, the evolution of paired fins and jaws, the transition to life on land, and the origins of warm-blooded mammals and birds.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an acellular three-dimensional network composed of proteins, glycoproteins, proteoglycans and exopolysaccharides. It primarily serves as a structural component in the tissues and organs of plants and animals, or forms biofilms in which bacterial cells are embedded. ECMs are highly dynamic structures that undergo continuous remodeling, and disruptions are frequently the result of pathological processes associated with severe diseases such as arteriosclerosis, neurodegenerative illness or cancer. In turn, bacterial biofilms are a source of concern for human health, as they are associated with resistance to antibiotics. Although exopolysaccharides are crucial for ECM formation and function, they have received considerably little attention to date.The respective chapters of this book comprehensively address such issues, and provide reviews on the structural, biochemical, molecular and biophysical properties of exopolysaccharides. These components are abundantly produced by virtually all taxa including bacteria, algae, plants, fungi, invertebrates and vertebrates. They include long unbranched homopolymers (cellulose, chitin/chitosan), linear copolymers (alginate, agarose), peptoglycans such as murein, heteropolymers like a variety of glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronan, dermatan, keratin, heparin, Pel), and branched heteropolymers such as pectin and hemicellulose.A separate chapter is dedicated to modern industrial and biomedical applications of exopolysaccharides and polysaccharide-based biocomposites. Their unique chemical, physical and mechanical properties have attracted considerable interest, inspired basic and applied research, and have already been harnessed to form structural biocomposite hybrids for tailor-made applications in regenerative medicine, bioengineering and biosensor design. Given its scope, this book provides a substantial source of basic and applied information for a wide range of scientists, as well as valuable textbook for graduate and advanced undergraduate students.

Die Kindler Klassiker präsentieren in einem Band die wichigen Autoren und Werke einer Nationalliteratur. Auf 600 - 800 Seiten werden sie vorgestell: kurze biografische Skizzen der Autoren und kundige Darstellung der Werke. Alles wie im KLL, nur: eine ganze literarische Welt in einem Band.

The indiscriminate use of chemical substances in industrial processes and anthropogenic activities, have resulted in the release of these compounds into aquatic ecosystems through municipal, hospital and industrial discharges, producing various undesired effects on the environment and on species of ecological interest. These compounds, such as metals, pesticides, emerging pollutants and other substances are persistent and susceptible to biotic and/or abiotic transformations, yielding metabolites that can be more toxic than the original compounds. In this book, researchers from diverse environmental science disciplines share their experiences in countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Mexico, and critically examine the problem of contaminants in aquatic ecosystems in Latin America, as well as the risks presented by their presence.

The growing scale of plant-based chemicals for industrial use has generated considerable interest in developing methods to meet their desired production levels. Among various available strategies for their production, the development of Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated hairy root cultures (HRCs) is generally considered the most feasible approach. Additionally, several proof-of-principle experiments have demonstrated the practical feasibility of HRCs in the plant-based remediation of environment pollutants, biotransformation of important compounds, and production of therapeutic proteins. Given that hairy root biotechnology has now been recognized as a promising and highly dynamic research area, this book offers a timely update on recent advances, and approaches hairy roots as a multifaceted biological tool for various applications. Further, it seeks to investigate the loopholes in existing methodologies, identify remaining challenges and find potential solutions by presenting well thought-out scientific discussions from various eminent research groups working on hairy root biotechnology. This book provides detailed conceptual and practical information on HRC-based research, along with relevant case studies. The content is divided into three broad sections, namely (i) Hairy Roots and Secondary Metabolism, (ii) Progressive Applications, and (iii) Novel Approaches and Future Prospects. By informing the research and teaching community about the major strides made in HRC-based interventions in plant biology and their applications, the book is sure to spark further research in this fascinating field.

Essential Fish Biology provides an introductory overview of the functional biology of fish and how this may be affected by the widely contrasting habitat conditions within the aquatic environment. It describes the recent advances in comparative animal physiology which have greatly influenced our understanding of fish function as well as generating questions that have yet to be resolved. Fish taxa represent the largest number of vertebrates, with over 25,000 extant species. However, much of our knowledge, apart from taxonomy and habitat descriptions, has been based on relatively few of them, usually those which live in fresh water and/or are of commercial interest. Unfortunately there has also been a tendency to base our interpretation of fish physiology on that of mammalian systems, as well as to rely on a few type species of fish. This accessible textbook will redress the balance by using examples of fish from a wide range of species and habitats, emphasizing diversity as well as recognizing shared attributes with other vertebrates.

The biology of the Siberian sturgeon, Acipenser baerii Brandt 1869, has become a very attractive subject of investigation for biologists since the 1980s. This volume 1 is part of a two-volume set devoted to the species, the second of which focuses on farming. The present volume is divided into three parts: Biology and ecology, Biology and physiology of reproduction, and Ecophysiology, i.e. adaptation to the environment. The first part addresses a broad range of topics, such as: the ecology, including a new approach to species-specificity, a new insight on the mineralization of vertebral elements, two approaches to sex determination, transposable elements in the gonads, early ontogeny, olfaction and gustation, nutrition and swimming. The second part includes neurochemical and anatomical descriptions of the central nervous system and an updated version of the oogenesis, the characteristics of both sperm and spermatozoa, and a synthesis on gonadal steroids (synthesis, plasmatic levels and biological activities). In turn, the third part reveals how the physiology of the species changes depending on environmental factors such as oxygen, ammonia, and nitrite. Some fundamental consequences of ammonia are developed (sublethal and lethal levels, effects on gill epithelium and haematology, acid-base balance, on AA and adenyl nucleotides levels in plasma, brain and muscle tissue). In addition, the book includes two methodological chapters dealing with fish dorsal aortic cannulation and respiration physiology.

Evolution of Nervous Systems, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is a unique, major reference which offers the gold standard for those interested both in evolution and nervous systems. All biology only makes sense when seen in the light of evolution, and this is especially true for the nervous system. All animals have nervous systems that mediate their behaviors, many of them species specific, yet these nervous systems all evolved from the simple nervous system of a common ancestor. To understand these nervous systems, we need to know how they vary and how this variation emerged in evolution. In the first edition of this important reference work, over 100 distinguished neuroscientists assembled the current state-of-the-art knowledge on how nervous systems have evolved throughout the animal kingdom. This second edition remains rich in detail and broad in scope, outlining the changes in brain and nervous system organization that occurred from the first invertebrates and vertebrates, to present day fishes, reptiles, birds, mammals, and especially primates, including humans. The book also includes wholly new content, fully updating the chapters in the previous edition and offering brand new content on current developments in the field. Each of the volumes has been carefully restructured to offer expanded coverage of non-mammalian taxa, mammals, primates, and the human nervous system. The basic principles of brain evolution are discussed, as are mechanisms of change. The reader can select from chapters on highly specific topics or those that provide an overview of current thinking and approaches, making this an indispensable work for students and researchers alike. - Presents a broad range of topics, ranging from genetic control of development in invertebrates, to human cognition, offering a one-stop resource for the evolution of nervous systems throughout the animal kingdom - Incorporates the expertise of over 100 outstanding investigators who provide their conclusions in the context of the latest experimental results - Presents areas of disagreement and consensus views that provide a holistic view of the subjects under discussion

Science and innovations have been as old as the Indian Civilization itself. India's first thirst for the S & T dates back to the time of Harappa and Mohen-jo-Daro civilization when people knew the measuring tools of length, mass and time. With the advent of technology and contribution of science in our country, we are on the way to make indigenous products at affordable cost which will go a long way to alleviate poverty and many health issues facing the burgeoning population, besides providing them livelihood. To cope up with the increasing population in India, the only option left with us is to tap every channel of nutritional food (as prolonged under-nutrition, over-nutrition and malnutrition and associated infections take their toll on the general health) for the security of life and sustainable development. The revolutionary wave like, green revolution, white revolution, red or yellow revolution and blue revolution have left foot-print in the development of human life and contributed a lot to sustain the economy of the nation. Fortunately, we have plenty of natural resources like, aquatic and open land, costal belt and oceanic resources with rich faunal diversity. Livestock (animal resources) are important contributors to total food production. Recent increase in livestock products appear to be even more spectacular than those achieved for cereals from green revolution. Most notably, egg production has increased by 33 per cent over the last two decades, compared with 127 per cent for meat production) equivalent with 58 per cent of that of meat production. The role of animals in food and agriculture development programme is under rated almost everywhere throughout the world despite the increasing demand inspite of the fact that livestock play an important part in securing food, health and livelihoodof the farmers around the world. We are thankful to ISCA, Kolkata and the office bearers of Indian Science Congress held at University of Mysore, Mysuru from 3-7 January, 2016 for encouraging us to hold symposium with focal theme'Innovations in Biosciences Sciences for food, health and livelihood security'in the section of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences. We extend our sincere thanks to all the contributors who have contributed their articles for publication in this proceedings. We duly acknowledge the help rendered by Dr Gautam Kumar, Mr Vijay Kumar Pandey and Smt. Anita Pandey in compiling this book.

Handbook of Basal Ganglia Structure and Function, Second Edition, offers an integrated overview of the structural and functional aspects of the basal ganglia, highlighting clinical relevance. The basal ganglia, a group of forebrain nuclei interconnected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and brainstem, are involved in numerous brain functions, such as motor control and learning, sensorimotor integration, reward, and cognition. These nuclei are essential for normal brain function and behavior, and their importance is further emphasized by the numerous and diverse disorders associated with basal ganglia dysfunction, including Parkinson's disease, Tourette's syndrome, Huntington's disease, obsessive-compulsive disorder, dystonia, and psychostimulant addiction. This updated edition has been thoroughly revised to provide the most up-to-date account of this critical brain structure. Edited and authored by internationally acclaimed basal ganglia researchers, the new edition contains ten entirely new chapters that offer expanded coverage of anatomy and physiology, detailed accounts of recent advances in cellular/molecular mechanisms and cellular/physiological mechanisms, and critical, deeper insights into the behavioral and clinical aspects of basal ganglia function and dysfunction. - Synthesizes widely dispersed information on the behavioral neurobiology of the basal ganglia, including advances in the understanding of anatomy, cellular/molecular and cellular/physiological mechanisms, and behavioral and clinical aspects of function and dysfunction - Written by international authors who are preeminent researchers in the field - Explores, in full, the clinically relevant impact of the basal ganglia on various psychiatric and neurological diseases

This monograph presents the results of long-term research on the neurochemical structure of the brain and spinal cord of Masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou, as well as cellular, molecular and physiological mechanisms of adult neurogenesis. Salmon are a phylogenetically ancient branch of ray-finned fish, the brain of which retains a large number of matrix zones with high proliferative activity involved in adult neurogenesis. The presence of large proliferative zones in the brain of juvenile salmonids signifies a high reparative potential in the brain. The results of investigations presented in the book to improve the understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of the fish's CNS structure during postembrionic ontogeny. The objective of this monograph is to investigate the organization, projection features and relationships of a signal transductor system, producing classic neurotransmitters (catecholamines, acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid) and gaseous intermediates (nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide) in the Oncorhynchus masou brain, and to evaluate their participation in the processes of postembryonic morphogenesis of the CNS. Identified particular structural and neurochemical characteristics of CNS organization and basic histogenetic processes (proliferation, migration and differentiation of nerve cells) after the completion of brain formation in fishes with signs of fetalization expand existing notions of histogenesis in these structures during adulthood. It is expected that during the post-embryonic ontogenesis in fish, several neurotransmitters and gaseous intermediaries can be considered as factors in triggering and regulating cellular and tissue processes of genetic programs concerning brain development. The content of the study determined the range of experimental models for the study of reparative processes and adult neurogenesis. A new in vitro model system of cultured neural cells from O. masou was reported. Morphological data and some cellular characterization supporting the use of this novel in vitro tool in investigations of neurochemical properties, axonal growth and neurogenesis in CNS were presented. For a more detailed study of the properties of H2S-expressing cells, their cellular relationships with different neurochemical specialization in the central nervous system, their characteristics of the processes of proliferation and differentiation, and the features of participation of hydrogen sulfide in reparative neurogenesis, the primary culture of the brain and spinal cord from the O. masou was set up, and properties of proliferation and differentiation were analyzed with the specific markers.

How consciousness appeared much earlier in evolutionary history than is commonly assumed, and why all vertebrates and perhaps even some invertebrates are conscious.How is consciousness created? When did it first appear on Earth, and how did it evolve? What constitutes consciousness, and which animals can be said to be sentient? In this book, Todd Feinberg and Jon Mallatt draw on recent scientific findings to answer these questions—and to tackle the most fundamental question about the nature of consciousness: how does the material brain create subjective experience? After assembling a list of the biological and neurobiological features that seem responsible for consciousness, and considering the fossil record of evolution, Feinberg and Mallatt argue that consciousness appeared much earlier in evolutionary history than is commonly assumed. About 520 to 560 million years ago, they explain, the great “Cambrian explosion” of animal diversity produced the first complex brains, which were accompanied by the first appearance of consciousness; simple reflexive behaviors evolved into a unified inner world of subjective experiences. From this they deduce that all vertebrates are and have always been conscious—not just humans and other mammals, but also every fish, reptile, amphibian, and bird. Considering invertebrates, they find that arthropods (including insects and probably crustaceans) and cephalopods (including the octopus) meet many of the criteria for consciousness. The obvious and conventional wisdom–shattering implication is that consciousness evolved simultaneously but independently in the first vertebrates and possibly arthropods more than half a billion years ago. Combining evolutionary, neurobiological, and philosophical approaches allows Feinberg and Mallatt to offer an original solution to the “hard problem” of consciousness.

Fish Physiology: Physiology of Elasmobranch Fishes, Volume 34A is a useful reference for fish physiologists, biologists, ecologists, and conservation biologists. Following an increase in research on elasmobranchs due to the plight of sharks in today's oceans, this volume compares elasmobranchs to other groups of fish, highlights areas of interest for future research, and offers perspective on future problems. Covering measurements and lab-and-field based studies of large pelagic sharks, this volume is a natural addition to the renowned Fish Physiology series. - Provides needed comprehensive content on the physiology of elasmobranchs - Offers a systems approach between structure and interaction with the environment and internal physiology - Contains contributions by leading experts in their respective fields, under the guidance of internationally recognized and highly respected editors - Highlights areas of interest for future research, including perspective on future problems

Fish Physiology: Physiology of Elasmobranch Fishes, Volume 34B is a useful reference for fish physiologists, biologists, ecologists, and conservation biologists. Following an increase in research on elasmobranchs due to the plight of sharks in today's oceans, this volume compares elasmobranchs to other groups of fish, highlights areas of interest for future research, and offers perspective on future problems. Covering measurements and lab-and-field based studies of large pelagic sharks, this volume is a natural addition to the renowned Fish Physiology series. - Provides needed comprehensive content on the physiology of elasmobranchs - Offers a systems approach between structure and interaction with the environment and internal physiology - Contains contributions by leading experts in their respective fields, under the guidance of internationally recognized and highly respected editors - Highlights areas of interest for future research, including perspective on future problems

This comprehensive book provides a unique overview of advances in the biology and ecology of marine protists. Nowadays marine protistology is a hot spot in science to disclose life phenomena using the latest techniques. Although many protistological textbooks deal with the cytology, genetics, ecology, and pathology of specific organisms, none keeps up with the quick pace of new discoveries on the diversity and dynamics of marine protists in general. The bookMarine Protists: Diversity and Dynamics gives an overview of current research on the phylogeny, cytology, genomics, biology, ecology, fisheries, applied sciences, geology and pathology of marine free-living and symbiotic protists. Poorly known but ecologically important protists such as labyrinthulids and apostome ciliates are also presented in detail. Special attention is paid to complex interactions between marine protists and other organisms including human beings. An understanding of the ecological roles of marine protists is essential for conservation of nature and human welfare. This book will be of great interest not only to scientists and students but also to a larger audience, to give a better understanding of protists'diverse roles in marine ecosystems.

Marine Bivalve Molluscs Marine Bivalve Molluscs is a comprehensive and thoroughly updated Second Edition of Bivalve Molluscs, covering all major aspects of this important class of invertebrates. As well as being an important class biologically and ecologically, many of the bivalves are fished and cultured commercially (e.g. mussels, oysters, scallops and clams) in a multi-billion dollar worldwide industry. Elizabeth Gosling has written a landmark book that will stand for many years as the standard work on the subject. Chapters in Marine Bivalve Molluscs cover morphology, ecology, feeding, reproduction, settlement and recruitment, growth, physiology, fisheries, aquaculture, genetics, diseases and parasites, and public health issues. A full understanding of many of these aspects is vital for all those working in bivalve fisheries and culture. An essential purchase for anyone concerned with this important class of animals, copies of Marine Bivalve Molluscs should be on the shelves of biologists, ecologists, environmental scientists, fisheries scientists and personnel within the aquaculture industry. Copies of the book should be available in all libraries and research establishments where these subjects are studied or taught. REVIEWS OF THE FIRST EDITION An admirable achievement…a valuable addition to marine sciences libraries everywhere. The back cover of this book says that it is a landmark text that will stand for many years as the standard work on this subject. I can only agree with this sentiment. ~ Aquaculture A welcome addition to the literature and provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of biological and environmental factors that affect and control both natural populations of marine bivalves and culture operations. ~ Aquaculture International The author has done an admirable job in compiling a wealth of information into a readable text. ~ Transactions of the American Fisheries Society Will serve well as a description of much of both the experimental biology and the aquaculture of bivalves. ~ Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology Provides excellent reviews of all major aspects…an extremely important reference for anyone engaged in bivalve research, fisheries management, and aquaculture. ~ Quarterly Review of Biology The book is very readable, in an easy style. It is well illustrated and there is a wealth of data and statistics presented. ~ Bulletin of the Malacological Society of London

The number of proliferation zones in the adult brain is strongly reduced in the transition between fish and tetrapods and even more in mammals compared to non-mammalian vertebrates. While the adult mammalian brain generally contains only two neurogenic areas, the adult teleost brain displays numerous proliferative niches. This book discusses the entire neurogenesis, the sexual reproduction of teleosts and touches base on the occurrence and possible role of heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp70) in the developing sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. The cytokine receptor signaling in teleosts are critical mediators of cell-cell communication throughout the life cycle. Over recent years, much has been learned about the cytokine receptor repertoire in teleosts and this book explains how they are utilized. Other topics the authors of this book discuss are the central nervous system of the teleosts, their thermoregulatory behavior, the lipid peroxidation in teleosts, and finally, the molecular evolution and environmental acclimation of fish skeletal muscle tropomyosin.

This comprehensive reference is clearly destined to become the definitive anatomical basis for all neuroscience research. The book provides a complete overview and comparison of the structural organization of all vertebrate groups, ranging from amphioxus and lamprey through fishes, amphibians and birds to mammals. The large specialised section of the work, devoted to the CNS of the various vertebrate groups, is preceded by introductory chapters on neurons, cell masses, fibre tracts, morphogenesis, methodology, and techniques. Although focusing on structure, the authors provide functional correlations throughout. This monumental work is, and will remain, unique; the only source of such brilliant illustrations at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels.

The last few years have brought about many changes in the field of marine and freshwater toxins, with advances in analytical technology and the realization that these toxins are a global issue. Offering a complete reference guide, Seafood and Freshwater Toxins: Pharmacology, Physiology, and Detection, Third Edition addresses all aspects of the soci

Encyclopedia of Agriculture and Food Systems, Second Edition, Five Volume Set addresses important issues by examining topics of global agriculture and food systems that are key to understanding the challenges we face. Questions it addresses include: - Will we be able to produce enough food to meet the increasing dietary needs and wants of the additional two billion people expected to inhabit our planet by 2050? - Will we be able to meet the need for so much more food while simultaneously reducing adverse environmental effects of today's agriculture practices? - Will we be able to produce the additional food using less land and water than we use now? These are among the most important challenges that face our planet in the coming decades. The broad themes of food systems and people, agriculture and the environment, the science of agriculture, agricultural products, and agricultural production systems are covered in more than 200 separate chapters of this work. The book provides information that serves as the foundation for discussion of the food and environment challenges of the world. An international group of highly respected authors addresses these issues from a global perspective and provides the background, references, and linkages for further exploration of each of topics of this comprehensive work. - Addresses important challenges of sustainability and efficiency from a global perspective. - Takes a detailed look at the important issues affecting the agricultural and food industries today. - Full colour throughout.

In general, aquaculture and fish farming cause negative impacts on the environment and wild fish populations. One of the major problems is the escape of farmed fish, especially exotic species, which can alter the population dynamics and ecology of wild stocks. Therefore, the reduction or even extinction of natural stocks may occur through predation and/or competition for resources. This book discusses the biology, behavior and conservation strategies of both carp and catfish.

Sentience – the ability to feel, perceive and experience – is central to the animal welfare debate as it raises the question of whether animals experience suffering in life and death. This book explores and answers these questions in an objective way, based on the latest research and empirical evidence. Beginning with an introduction to sentience, the book investigates why we are so interested in sentience, when, as a species, humans became sentient and how it has changed over time. The book defines aspects of sentience such as consciousness, memory and emotions, and discusses brain complexity in detail. Looking at sentience from a developmental perspective, it analyses when in an individual's growth sentience can be said to appear and uses evidence from a range of studies investigating embryos, foetuses and young animals to form an enlightening overview of the subject. With a full chapter covering ethical decisions such as animal protection and experimentation, this book is not only an invaluable resource for researchers and students of animal welfare and biology, but also an engaging and informative read for veterinarians and the general public.

Vertebrate Endocrinology represents more than just a treatment of the endocrine system-it integrates hormones with other chemical bioregulatory agents not classically included with the endocrine system. It provides a complete overview of the endocrine system of vertebrates by first emphasizing the mammalian system as the basis of most terminology and understanding of endocrine mechanisms and then applies that to non-mammals. The serious reader will gain both an understanding of the intricate relationships among all of the body systems and their regulation by hormones and other bioregulators, but also a sense of their development through evolutionary time as well as the roles of hormones at different stages of an animal's life cycle. Includes new full color format includes over 450 full color, completely redrawn image Features a companion web site hosting all images from the book as PPT slides and.jpeg files Presents completedly updated and revitalized content with new chapters, such as Endocrine Disrupters and Behavioral Endocrinology Offers new clinical correlation vignettes throughout

This bestseller has been an essential book for all those working with laboratory animals since it was first published in 1994. This fourth edition retains all the classic features that have made it a must-have reference including emphasis on best practice in order to improve animal welfare. The contents have been thoroughly updated and reorganised to make sure it is a really practical book for day-to-day use in the laboratory. The first section of the book covers principles applicable to all species, for example husbandry, handling and the education and training required by scientists and technical staff working with animals in the laboratory. Later chapters focus on specific species or groups of species. New to this edition: • Reflects changes in European legislation and their impact on national legislation • Covers recommendations for the education and training of those carrying out animal experiments across Europe • New chapters on ethical considerations and balancing animal welfare with science • New information on environmental enrichment for laboratory animals • Covers advancements in anaesthesia and analgesia and techniques • Spiral bound for ease-of-use as a bench-top reference This book is ideal for all personnel carrying out scientific procedures using animals, particularly during training and also for the new researcher. It will also be essential reading for study directors designing research programmes, animal technicians and veterinarians working with laboratory animal species.

The Lateral Line System provides an overview of the key concepts and issues surrounding the development, evolution, neurobiology, and function of the lateral line, a fascinating yet somewhat enigmatic flow-sensing system. The book examines the historical precedence for linking the auditory and lateral line systems, its structure and development, use of the lateral line system of zebrafish as a model system, physical principles governing the response properties of the lateral line, the behavioral relevance of this sensory system to the lives of fish, and an examination of how this information is shaped and encoded by the peripheral and central nervous systems. ContentsThe Gems of the Past: A Brief History of Lateral Line Research in the Context of the Hearing Sciences - Sheryl Coombs and Horst BleckmannMorphological Diversity, Development, and Evolution of the Mechanosensory Lateral Line System - Jacqueline F. WebbThe Hydrodynamic of Flow Stimuli - Matthew J. McHenry and James C. LiaoThe Biophysics of the Fish Lateral Line - Sietse M. van Netten and Matthew J. McHenrySensory Ecology and Neuroethology of the Lateral Line - John Montgomery, Horst Bleckmann, and Sheryl CoombsInformation Encoding and Processing by the Peripheral Lateral Line System - Boris Philippe Chagnaud and Sheryl CoombsThe Central Nervous Organization of the Lateral Line System - Mario F. Wullimann and Benedikt GrotheCentral Processing of Lateral Line Information - Horst Bleckmann and Joachim Mogdans Functional Overlap and Nonoverlap Between Lateral Line and Auditory Systems - Christopher B. Braun and Olav SandThe Hearing Loss, Protection, and Regeneration in the Larval Zebrafish Lateral Line - Allison B. Coffin, Heather Brignull, David W. Raible, and Edwin WRubel

Este libro se estructura en tres apartados, todos ellos esenciales para la formación de las personas implicadas en el desarrollo de hábitos lectores entre los jóvenes: el primero relacionado con estudios e investigaciones sobre la literatura infantil y juvenil; el segundo, con las bibliotecas escolares y su dinamización, y el tercero, con estrategias de animación a la lectura. Se completa con tres interesantes apéndices: dos de ellos bibliográficos; el tercero es un exhaustivo'diccionario de citas', agrupadas en diez bloques y relacionadas con la lectura, la escritura, la literatura y la animación.

In a time of rapid climatic, industrial and technological changes in molluscan shellfish producing and exporting regions, it is of the utmost importance to keep a keen eye on developing trends. This collection of recent research in molluscan shellfish safety, risk assessment, risk management, regulation and analytical methods presented at the 8th ICMSS (International Conference on Molluscan Shellfish Safety) offers valuable insights in the latest scientific findings. Dans le contexte actuel de changements climatiques, industriels et technologiques rapides dans les régions qui produisent et qui exportent des mollusques, il est essentiel de rester à l'affût des nouvelles tendances. Ce recueil des récents travaux de recherche dans les domaines de la salubrité des mollusques, des évaluations des risques, de la gestion des risques, de la réglementation et des méthodes d'analyse présentés lors de la 8e Conférence internationale sur la salubrité des coquillages (ICMSS) vous aidera à le faire.

Virtually every area of research associated with sharks and their relatives has been strongly impacted by the revolutionary growth in technology. The questions we can now ask are very different than those reported even two decades ago. Modern immunological and genetic techniques, satellite telemetry and archival tagging, modern phylogenetic analysi

This book presents a comprehensive review of various biological and ecological studies in animal science, including their embryology, evolution, classification, habitats and distribution. Topics discussed herein include the social environment on the mating behavior in teleost fishes; genetics of serum and muscle lipids in pigs; parasites of the wild boar and their impact on conservation; diet effects on post-feeding rhythms of circulating urea in lactating cows and ultrastructural organization of collagen fibrils in the shark mandible.

Fish form an extremely diverse group of vertebrates. At a conservative estimate at least 40% of the world's vertebrates are fish. On the one hand they are united by their adaptations to an aquatic environment and on the other they show a variety of adaptations to differing environmental conditions - often to extremes of temperature, salinity, oxygen level and water chemistry. They exhibit an array of behavioural and reproductive systems. Interesting in their own right, this suite of adaptive physiologies provides many model systems for both comparative vertebrate and human physiologists.This four volume encyclopedia covers the diversity of fish physiology in over 300 articles and provides entry level information for students and summary overviews for researchers alike.Broadly organised into four themes, articles cover Functional, Thematic, and Phylogenetic Physiology, and Fish Genomics.Functional articles address the traditional aspects of fish physiology that are common to all areas of vertebrate physiology including: Reproduction, Respiration, Neural (Sensory, Central, Effector), Endocrinology, Renal, Cardiovascular, Acid-base Balance, Osmoregulation, Ionoregulation, Digestion, Metabolism, Locomotion, and so on.Thematic Physiology articles are carefully selected and fewer in number. They provide a level of integration that goes beyond the coverage in the Functional Physiology topics and include discussions of Toxicology, Air-breathing, Migrations, Temperature, Endothermy, etc.Phylogenetic Physiology articles bring together information that bridges the physiology of certain groupings of fishes where the knowledge base has a sufficient depth and breadth and include articles on Ancient Fishes, Tunas, Sharks, etc.Genomics articles describe the underlying genetic component of fish physiology and high light their suitability and use as model organisms for the study of disease, stress and physiological adaptations and reactions to external conditions. - Winner of a 2011 PROSE Award Honorable Mention for Multivolume Science Reference from the Association of American Publishers - The definitive encyclopedia for the field of fish physiology - Three volumes which comprehensively cover the entire field in over 300 entries written by experts - Detailed coverage of basic functional physiology of fishes, physiological themes in fish biology and comparative physiology amongst taxonomic Groups - Describes the genomic bases of fish physiology and biology and the use of fish as model organisms in human physiological research - Includes a glossary of terms

This series of volumes represents a comprehensive and integrated treatment of reproduction in vertebrates from fishes of all sorts through mammals. It is designed to provide a readable, coordinated description of reproductive basics in each group of vertebrates as well as an introduction to the latest trends in reproductive research and our understanding of reproductive events. Whereas each chapter and each volume is intended to stand alone as a review of that topic or vertebrate group, respectively, the volumes are prepared so as to provide a thorough topical treatment across the vertebrates. Terminology has been standardized across the volumes to reduce confusion where multiple names exist in the literature, and a comprehensive glossary of these terms and their alternative names is provided. - A complete, essential and up to date reference for research scientists working on vertebrate hormones and reproduction - and on animlals as models in human reproductive research - Covers the endocrinology, neuroendocrinology, physiology, behaviour and anatomy of vertebrate reproduction - Structured coverage of the major themes for all five vertebrate groups allows a consistent treatment for all - Special chapters elaborate on features specific to individual vertebrate groups and to comparative aspects, similarities and differences between them

This series of volumes represents a comprehensive and integrated treatment of reproduction in vertebrates from fishes of all sorts through mammals. It is designed to provide a readable, coordinated description of reproductive basics in each group of vertebrates as well as an introduction to the latest trends in reproductive research and our understanding of reproductive events. Whereas each chapter and each volume is intended to stand alone as a review of that topic or vertebrate group, respectively, the volumes are prepared so as to provide a thorough topical treatment across the vertebrates. Terminology has been standardized across the volumes to reduce confusion where multiple names exist in the literature, and a comprehensive glossary of these terms and their alternative names is provided. - A complete, essential and up to date reference for research scientists working on vertebrate hormones and reproduction - and on animlals as models in human reproductive research - Covers the endocrinology, neuroendocrinology, physiology, behaviour and anatomy of vertebrate reproduction - Structured coverage of the major themes for all five vertebrate groups allows a consistent treatment for all - Special chapters elaborate on features specific to individual vertebrate groups and to comparative aspects, similarities and differences between them