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The first of two companion books addressed the biology and clinical aspects of ovarian cancer. The companion title, Ovarian Cancer: Molecular & Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment Strategies, discussed both classic and the most recent imaging approaches for detection, early diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. This volume, Cell & Molecular Biology of Ovarian Cancer, covers classic and modern cell and molecular biology as well as genetics, epigenetics, mitochondrial dysfunctions and apoptosis, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis, progression to metastasis, and treatment strategies including clinical trials related to ovarian cancer. Taken together, these two volumes form one comprehensive and invaluable contribution to the literature.The first of two companion books addressed the biology and clinical aspects of ovarian cancer. The companion title, Ovarian Cancer: Molecular & Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment Strategies, discussed both classic and the most recent imaging approaches for detection, early diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. This volume, Cell & Molecular Biology of Ovarian Cancer, covers classic and modern cell and molecular biology as well as genetics, epigenetics, mitochondrial dysfunctions and apoptosis, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis, progression to metastasis, and treatment strategies including clinical trials related to ovarian cancer. Taken together, these two volumes form one comprehensive and invaluable contribution to the literature.

Ob Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) eigentlich ein Medicus werden wollte, oder das nur einem Förderer zuliebe behauptete, bleibt unsicher. Sich selbst hielt er aufgrund seiner engen Brust für hypochondrisch veranlagt und wahrte daher Abstand zu gefährlichen Krankheiten, vor allem denen des Geistes. Seine Studenten – darunter Herder, Herz, Lenz und Hoffmann - begeisterte er weit weniger mit Logik und Metaphysik als mit aufregenden Erkenntnissen zu fernen Ländern, ihren fremdartigen Bewohnern und dort lauernden gesundheitlichen Gefahren. Für Körperkrankheiten forderte er jenseits einer veterinärmedizinisch angelegten Therapie deren philosophische Mitbehandlung. Für forensische Fragen reklamierte er die Zuständigkeit der philosophischen Fakultät. Zum Sitz der Seele entwickelte er originelle Ideen, die zum Bau eines ersten Nervenmodells führten. Vorbehalte gegen eine Pockenimpfung konnte Kant nicht überwinden, da er eine Veränderung der Keimbahn befürchtete. Er wollte sehen wie lang das Zeug hält und verwendete in seinen letzten Jahrzehnten alle klassischen Mittel der Diätetik um sein Leben erfolgreich zu verlängern. Diese sex res non naturales spielen auch heute noch eine unverminderte Rolle in der Prävention weit verbreiteter Erkrankungen. Dann setzte ihm die electrische Revolution der Luft-Straten zu. Gegen Ende sollten ihn seine Vertrauten wie ein Kind betrachten, das der Nachwelt jedoch noch ein umfangreiches Werk mit tiefen Einblicken in sein Denken hinterliess, das Opus postumum.

Protein Digestion-Derived Peptides: Chemistry, Bioactivity, and Health Effects presents the latest international advances in fundamental and applied research on the impact of gastrointestinal digestion on the release of bioactive peptides from food sources. This book covers the fundamentals and applications of gastrointestinal digestion and absorption models as well as the impact of food matrices, their components and protein characteristics, and peptide bioaccessibility and bioavailability released during digestion. Developed for nutrition researchers, food scientists, and pharmaceutical scientists, this book is sure to be a welcomed for those who wish to understand the impact of peptides on chronic disease. - Includes applications, literature reviews, recent developments, and methods - Offers an overview of the main bioactivities of peptides released during the gastrointestinal digestion of food proteins - Highlights mechanisms of action and health benefits of bioactive peptides released during gastrointestinal digestion

Plant-based Proteins: Sources, extraction, applications, value-chain and Sustainability provides the latest findings and most recent approaches and trends on clean label proteins. Divided in 6 sections such as Cereal-based proteins, Pseudocereal-based proteins, Protein from pulses, Protein from seeds and nuts, Protein from fruits and vegetables, and Plant-based proteins (Value-chain and sustainability), the book extensively covers the composition, quality characteristics, and comparative analysis of plant and animal-based proteins and their potential industrial applications. A comprehensive reference offering the food industry and researchers the actual state-of-the-art necessary insights to know what has been done recently and the potential uses of plant proteins. - Explains the utilization of protein as clean label ingredients - Includes insights on extraction, composition, and quality - Discusses industrial applications and health-promoting benefits - Covers safety, toxicology, and shelf life - Provides a comparative analysis of plant- and animal-based proteins

This book is the second edition of the one originally published in 2016, which focused on state-of-the-art microfluidic research in medical and biological applications. Similar to the first edition, beginners in the field —undergraduates, engineers, biologists, medical and pharmaceutical researchers—will easily learn to understand microfluidic-based medical and biological applications. Because a wide range of topics is summarized here, it also helps experts to learn more about fields outside their own specialties. In this second edition, significant revisions have been made to chapters covering technologies that have seen major advancements, such as acoustofluidics, protein crystallography, organ-on-a-chip systems, nanopore sensing, and paper-based microfluidics. In addition, the chapters on cancer diagnosis using exosomes and single-cell sequencing using droplet microfluidics, which are attracting attention as new technologies, have been newly added. Readers will be convinced that microfluidic devices have great potential for medical and biological applications.

Peritoneal Tumor Microenvironment of Cancers on Cancer Hallmarks: Perspectives of Translational Medicine provides readers with cutting-edge knowledge on tumor microenvironment. By exploring multiple aspects on tumor microenvironment, it gives an integrative insight on cancer diseases ranging from diagnosis to prediction of prognosis and individualized treatment.The book discusses topics such as clinical significance of tumor microenvironment, tumorigenesis and cancer progression, histopathological features of cancer in peritoneum, immune cells in tumor, exosomal cell-to-cell interactions, and therapeutic approaches to target tumor microenvironment. Additionally, it discusses tumor evolution during chemotherapy and metastasis, and future perspectives on identification and validation of biomarkers using liquid biopsy.This book is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, oncologists, medical doctors, and several members of biomedical field who want to understand the complex microenvironment of peritoneal tumors. - Discusses how to apply tumor microenvironment knowledge to diagnosis, prediction of prognosis, and individualized treatment of cancer - Provides readers with up-to-date knowledge on translational medicine, focusing on bench-to-bedside approach for cancer treatment and diagnosis - Presents collaborative research works from the perspectives of medical doctors, cancer researchers, basic biological scientists, and bioinformaticians to provide integrative insights on tumor microenvironment

CRISPR-Cas-Based Genome Editing for Treating Human Diseases-Part A, Volume 208 represents CRISPR-Cas systems for genome editing. Currently, CRISPR-Cas systems are proven a key technology for targeted genome editing, which is acting as a simple, rapid, and cost-effective solution. CRISPR-Cas9 system is being used in microbial genome editing, mammalian genome editing, disease models, and more. It has shown potential in human disease treatment. However, it is not easy to find CRISPR-Cas systems genome editing in a single source.This volume offers CRISPR-Cas systems for human diseases, bacterial disease, gut microbiome editing, viral disease, protozoan disease, fungal disease, stem cell therapy, CRISPR in epigenetics, CRISPR in cancer, autoimmune and blood disorders. In addition, it highlights a number of aspects of the CRISPR-Cas systems that can help the basic understanding of students, researchers, clinicians, entrepreneurs, and stakeholders to perform their research with great interest. - Updares on CRISPR-Cas systems for human diseases, bacterial disease, gut microbiome editing, viral disease, protozoan disease and fungal disease - Discusses stem cell therapy, CRISPR in epigenetics, CRISPR in cancer, autoimmune and blood disorders - Includes commentary on CRISPR in autoimmune and blood disorders

This book presents the current status and future prospects of rare earth elements with respect to a multitude of factors, including resource availability, production, and applications. Among the topics covered are the extraction of raw materials, alloying and compound production, applications, resource conservation through recycling, regulatory issues, and potential new resource streams. The chapters are authored by well-known technical experts in their fields, with decades of research, industrial, and governmental policy experience. The book is expected to serve as the first single source reference on rare earth minerals and metals aimed at students, scientists, technologists, government legislators, regulatory agencies, investors, and business leaders. It provides in-depth examination of the importance of rare earth elements to the global economy and their use in technological innovation, including energy, power, transportation, medicine, electronics, and chemical/petroleum industries.

The Induction of genotoxic effects on prokaryote and eukaryotes'genetic materials is a crucial step in the initiation of cancer and genotoxic disease syndromes. Cancer risk assessment and other genetic disease syndromes required the application of genotoxicity biomarkers. Several genotoxicity assays have been developed and applied to assess the potentials for xenobiotics to induce DNA damage. In the edited book: “Genotoxicity: Advances in Research and Applications”, the applications of genotoxicity biomarkers were used to monitor heat-induced genotoxic agents in the reproductive system. Genotoxicity assays were applied in the assessment of genomic instability induced by environmental xenobiotics (including cement dust and pesticides) that humans and biota are exposed to in occupational settings and the environment. Advances in the application of genotoxicity include the use of in silico techniques to predict the genotoxic potentials of xenobiotics including pharmaceuticals which are increasingly being accumulated in the environment. Renounced authors in the field of genotoxicity have made comprehensive contributions to achieve the quality of the book contents.

There has been a tremendous advancement in cancer therapeutics, and this book focuses on new approaches to one of the major cancers of the female reproductive system—cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women worldwide and, especially, a foremost cause of morbidity in women in developing countries, including India. Several research findings have suggested that modulation in various signaling pathways is responsible for cervical cancer pathogenesis, and inhibition of these crucial pathways could be a better therapeutic approach for cervical cancer management. This book expounds on this approach, providing a detailed insight of the deregulated oncogenic signaling pathways involved in the progression of cervical cancer.The key topics covered within this book include Signaling pathways involved in cervical cancer Mechanisms behind the involvement of these aberrant signaling pathways Cell signaling pathways and their alterations in cancer Molecular biology behind cervical cancer Drug development approaches for the management of cervical cancer Cervical cancer therapeutics and the possible aspects, including progression and inhibition using natural products and synthetic approaches Oncologists, cancer scientists, and research professionals will benefit from this volume, which provides a single platform that presents new research on the pathways responsible for the progression of cervical cancer so that they, in turn, can design their research work effectively and can discover novel innovations in the field of cancer therapeutics.

For decades, Emery and Rimoin's Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics and Genomics has served as the ultimate resource for clinicians integrating genetics and genomics into medical practice. With detailed coverage in contributions from more than 250 of the world's most trusted authorities in medical genetics and a series of 11 volumes available for individual sale, the seventh edition of this classic reference includes the latest information on seminal topics such as prenatal diagnosis, genome sequencing, public health genetics, and genetic counseling. Volumes 3–11 cover diagnosis, management, and treatment of both rare and common disorders in all organ systems. Students, medical providers, and researchers all benefit from the latest information about the role of the genome in health and disease. This comprehensive yet practical resource emphasizes theory and research fundamentals across the full spectrum of applications to medicine. In this volume, leading physicians and researchers thoroughly examine medical genetics and genomics as applied to endocrine, skin, connective tissue and skeletal disorders, with emphasis on understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying these conditions, diagnostic approaches, and treatment methods that make use of current genomic technologies and translational studies. With regular advances in genomic technologies propelling precision medicine into the clinic, Emery and Rimoin's Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics and Genomics, seventh edition, bridges the gap between high-level molecular genetics and genomics and practical application and serves as an invaluable clinical tool for the health professionals and researchers. - Thoroughly introduces genetic researchers, students, and healthcare professionals to the genetic and genomic bases of endocrinologic, dermatologic, connective tissue, and skeletal disorders - Includes color images supporting identification, concept illustration, and method processing - Features contributions by leading international researchers and specialist medical practitioners

The 15th International Symposium on Superalloys (Superalloys 2024) highlights technologies for lifecycle improvement of superalloys. In addition to the traditional focus areas of alloy development, processing, mechanical behavior, coatings, and environmental effects, this volume includes contributions from academia, supply chain, and product-user members of the superalloy community that highlight technologies that contribute to improving manufacturability, affordability, life prediction, and performance of superalloys.

Targeted at biology undergraduates, this book covers themes such as cell structure, function, molecular biology, and the fundamental principles of cellular biology. It provides a foundational understanding of cellular biology, which is essential for students pursuing careers in the life sciences. Practitioners in biology and related fields deepen their knowledge of cellular processes, making it a valuable resource for professionals engaged in biological research and applications. Policymakers can draw from this knowledge to inform policies related to scientific research and education, and the general public gains insights into the fundamental building blocks of life and the role of cells in living organisms.

This book provides a practical overview of a central topic in cervical cancer concerning human papillomavirus (HPV), prevention, cervical cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Since the finding of human papillomavirus (HPV) being the cause of cervical cancer and its precursor symptoms, effective screening based on HPV DNA testing and prevention methods by HPV vaccination are established. Furthermore, new surgical methods, radiation therapy, and drug therapy are developed. To summarize the history and the recent advancement, this book is presented in five attractive parts: pathogenesis and epidemiology, cancer screening and prevention strategies, diagnosis and clinical management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), surgical treatments, and multimodal therapy. Recent Topics on Prevention, Diagnosis, and Clinical Management of Cervical Cancer is an appealing source for gynecologists, gynecologic surgeons, gynecologic pathologists, and gynecologic, clinical, and radiation oncologists. Also, primary care doctors, public health nurses, nurses, and pharmacists involved in cancer and other medical personnel will find the information and challenges presented tempting.

This book presents chromosome-wise clinical cases following an evidence-based protocol, in addition to providing the scientific background on the mechanisms of human ring chromosome (RC) formation. Presence of RCs in a genome can lead to several rare genetic diseases. This book, edited by the leading experts Prof. Peining Li and Prof. Thomas Liehr, is the first comprehensive book on this topic.Over the past 60 years, banding cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, chromosome microarray analysis, and whole genome sequencing have been used to diagnose cases with a RC. Ring syndrome of sever growth retardation and variable intellectual disability has been considered a common clinical feature for all RCs. Clinical heterogeneity of chromosome-specific deletion and duplication syndromes, gene-related organ and tissue defects, cancer predisposition to different types of tumors, and reproduction failure has been reported in the literature. However, the cases of RCs reportedin the literature account for less than 1% of its real occurrence. Current diagnostic practice lacks laboratory standards for analyzing cellular behavior and genomic imbalances of RCs to evaluate its compound effects on patients. The under-representation of clinical cases and the lack of comprehensive diagnostic analysis make challenging to establish accurate clinico-cytogenomic correlations. Given recent advances in genomic technology and organized efforts from peer experts, standardized cytogenomic diagnosis and evidence-based clinical management could be envisioned for all patients with RCs.Furthermore, supernumerary small ring chromosomes and the patient's perspective are addressed—the latter by including family stories of RC-carrier relatives. Acquired RCs in various cancers are also discussed, as well as the potential role of RCs in research applications like iPSC cellular modeling and genomic editing.This book is a valuable reference for clinical geneticists, personnel in cytogenetics and molecular genetics laboratories, genetic counselors, and researchers in related fields.

Mitochondrial Transplantation and Transfer: Biology, Methods, Applications, and Disease, a volume in the Translational and Applied Bioenergetics series, offers a detailed overview of mitochondrial transplantation across fundamental biology, disease and early therapeutics research. Here, more than twenty experts in the field discuss transplantation and transfer of healthy mitochondria and define future steps to improve new therapeutic applications across a variety of diseases. Emphasis is placed on the physiology of mitochondrial transfer, isolation processes and their applications, transfer methods, and diagnostic and treatment use across cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological diseases, among other disease types. Step-by-step instruction is provided around research protocols and methods discussed, along with careful attention to the ethical implications of mitochondrial transplantation research and application. - Provides an in-depth discussion of mitochondrial transplantation, considering fundamental biology, disease implications, research methods and applications - Discusses recent advances in the field and their meaning for future research and clinical utility - Considers ethical dimensions of mitochondrial transplantation research and use in therapeutics - Examines mitochondrial transplantation across a range of disease types, from neurological to cardiovascular disease and ischemia

The second volume of the book Emerging Human Viral Diseases discusses pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutic strategies against viral encephalitis, gastroenteritis, and human immunodeficiency viral infections. The chapters discuss symptoms, diagnostics, and preventive strategies against viral infections. The book also reviews the epidemiology and evolution of viruses causing these infections. It also examines symptoms and strategies for developing novel diagnostics and the vaccine against these viruses. Toward the end, it discusses various biosafety principles for handling emerging viruses and reviews various bioinformatics tools and databases in virology research. This timely book offers valuable resource for the scientists working in the field of emerging viral infections and those involved in preventing, controlling, and managing viral diseases. Inclusively this book will be valuable guide covering most recent scientific progress in emerging human viral diseases and management and will serve as the best resource for undergraduates, graduates, medical professionals, researchers, public health physicians, and national and international health authorities.

This book addresses the pressing problem of drug resistance in the treatment of breast cancer. It provides a comprehensive understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying drug resistance and presents the latest advances in therapeutic approaches to overcome this enormous challenge. The book begins with an introduction to the biology of breast cancer, treatment modalities and the mechanisms of drug resistance. This includes the principles of drug resistance in targeted, immune-, endocrine and chemotherapy. In the following sections, the authors present innovative strategies to overcome drug resistance and new research directions, among others the role of the microbiome in drug resistance, molecular profiling of patients for personalized medical care, and new drug delivery systems. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of the differences in the prevalence and treatment success of breast cancer between high- and low-income countries. This book is an informative resource for students, researchers, and clinicians in the field of breast cancer research and oncology in general.

This book provides an in-depth exploration of the biology of prostate cancer, from its cellular origins to its clinical manifestations and therapeutic options. In addition to thoroughly covering a variety of diagnostic methods, radical procedures, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and surgical techniques for prostatectomy, the book seeks to improve the understanding of the development of prostate cancer. Delving into the latest research and scientific advancements, the book starts by shedding light on the critical role of genetic susceptibility, redox signaling, apoptosis, epigenomics, transcriptomics, and metabolic reprogramming in prostate cancer development and progression. In the following section key concepts in prostate cancer diagnostics are covered. This includes the diagnostic, prognostic, and theranostic potential of miRNAs in prostate cancer; the necessity of biopsy; and the importance of histopathological and molecular markers in assessing aggressivity. It alsoexplores recent advances in tumor markers for early detection and monitoring, as well as biological markers of therapeutic response. The book concludes by offering a wealth of knowledge on current treatment options for prostate cancer, including surgical treatments, hormone therapy for advanced cases, the use of apheresis in personalized cell-mediated treatment, pharmacogenomics and precision therapy challenges and perspectives, stereotactic radiotherapy, and treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Scientists and medical professionals interested in basic and clinical research in urology and oncology will find this book to be a useful reference. It is a helpful tool for preparing medical specialization in pathology, oncology, urology, clinical biochemistry, laboratory medicine, diagnostic radiology, oncologic radiology, and related fields of cancer research. With its integrative approach to diagnostics and focus on recent scientific breakthroughs, this book empowers readers to deepen their understanding of prostate cancer and enhance their ability to advance basic and clinical research to treat this pervasive disease.

The latest edition of the world's leading dermatology textbook Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, 10th Edition is the most definitive, comprehensive and illustrated reference work in dermatology worldwide. Fully updated by experts from around the world, the book highlights the latest key evidence-based developments in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders. A highly intuitive resource and invaluable clinical companion for both those training and those fully qualified in dermatology, other highlights of Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, 10th Edition include: 1. Comprehensive review of essential basic science, skin biology and pharmacology 2. More than 3000 clinical illustrations 3. Histological images to aid clinicopathological correlation 4. Up-to-date management details for all major dermatological disorders including emerging infections 5. All chapters fully referenced together with highlighted key references 6. Quick reference to essential facts, treatment ladders and management algorithms 7. Chapter dedicated to global skin health and inequalities 8. Description of the spectrum of presentations in dermatoses in skin of colour 9. Thorough review of surgical and aesthetic dermatology 10. On-line videos of practical procedures Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, 10th Edition is universally recognised as the most complete reference work for dermatologists of all experience levels and dermatology students worldwide.

Schachner and Hansen's Pediatric Dermatology has been the gold-standard reference in pediatric dermatology for more than 33 years. The new edition is a comprehensive textbook covering all the skin conditions of children and adolescents in a two-volume masterwork that will meet the expectations of pediatric dermatologists, dermatologists, pediatricians and all who provide pediatric healthcare.

Telomeres are specialized DNA–protein structures that protect the ends of chromosomes to maintain their integrity. They are chromosome sentinels. This book, written by multiple authors, presents current knowledge and the most recent discoveries relating to telomeres. The first chapters describe telomere structures (DNA and proteins), organization, dynamics and replication in a range of organisms including ciliates, yeast and mammals. The following chapters cover mechanisms that maintain telomere length involving telomerase and Alternative Lengthening Telomeres (ALT) mechanisms. Interestingly, telomeres are transcribed into repetitive RNA called TERRA (Telomeric repeat-containing RNA), the state of the art regarding mammalian telomere transcripts is presented here. Two chapters are dedicated to the description of how telomere biology impacts the development of cancer and how their disfunctions induce telomeropathies (telomere biology disorders). Finally, the book ends with a chapter presenting telomere and telomerase targeting agents as potential anticancer agents, a promising therapeutic approach.

This book presents the proceedings of CRIOCM 2022 (27th International Conference on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate), sharing the latest developments in real estate and construction management around the globe. The conference was organized by the Chinese Research Institute of Construction Management (CRIOCM) working in close collaboration with The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Written by international academics and professionals, the book discusses the latest achievements, research findings, and advances in frontier disciplines in the field of construction management and real estate. Covering a wide range of topics, including spatial planning and land use innovation, integration and application of BIM and GIS, low-carbon built environment, post-pandemic resilient cities development, housing and social governance, real estate market and urban policy, real estate finance and economics, intelligent construction and smart city, built environment for healthy living, and construction management in the post-COVID-19 era, the discussions provide valuable insights into the implementation of advanced construction project management and real estate market in China and abroad. The book offers an outstanding resource for academics and professionals

The book presents a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding mechanisms regulating the formation of mineral in vertebrate skeletal and dental tissues. The focus of the book is directed toward the mineralization process, an evolutionarily conserved system in which cells synthesize a complex and unique extracellular matrix into which mineral is deposited. Regulatory control is viewed though lenses that emphasize the genetic, physical-chemical, biochemical, structural, cellular and extracellular aspects of the mineralization process as they relate to crystal nucleation, growth and maturation. Throughout the book, defects in regulation at the genetic and transcriptional levels are linked to the numerous clinical problems associated with the mineralization of bone, cartilage, tendon, tooth, and soft tissues. The book serves as a comprehensive text for basic scientists and scholars working in the many areas that comprise hard tissue research, as well as undergraduate and graduate students, postdoctoral fellows and those contemplating working in the field of biomineralization or who need a review of a specific mineralization topic. The information contained in the book is relevant for clinicians and clinical scientists in the fields of orthopaedic surgery, veterinary medicine, dentistry, endocrinology, aging and genetics.

This book sheds light on how dysregulated organelle functions contribute to the pathology and progression of human diseases. To offer a broad perspective, they discuss basic, translational, and clinical aspects across scales, from molecules to cells, tissues and organisms. Rather than providing a comprehensive introduction to the field, the authors focus on recent advances in organelle research, with each chapter inviting readers to consider today's key questions in the respective field.This book reviews the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi Appartus, Lysosomes and other membrane-enclosed organelles, demonstrating how their dysregulated function contributes to various pathologies. The chapters not only offer a platform for new perspectives but also stimulate further investigations. Given the translational nature of this subject, this book is a valuable resource for physiologists and clinicians alike.Chapter'Lipid Droplets in Cancer'is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This book, in a comprehensive manner, provides an overview of the challenges of increasing crop or agricultural productivity to meet the demands of a growing population, linking descriptions of physiological, ecological, biochemical and molecular activity in plants with their tolerance and adaptation to natural environments. In the case of plants, a stress is an adverse condition or substance that affects or blocks a plant's metabolism, growth, or development. The threat to productivity in crops and agriculture due to these stresses cannot be overstated, nor overlooked, especially in light of climate change.The information covered in this book will be helpful in building strategies to counter the impact of stress on plants. The book also provides an overview of the essential disciplines required for sustainable crop and agricultural production for policymakers, scientists, academics, and students of plant science, agricultural science, environmental science, biochemistry, biotechnology, and related areas.

This contributed volume covers all fundamental principles for researchers and professionals interested in the field of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, an interdisciplinary field of research with contributions from biomedical scientists, engineers, and physicians. With a strong focus on biomaterials and scaffolds, the book also covers testing and evaluation pathways for in vitro and in vivo studies. This book also presents a broad range of topics including fundamentals of 3D printing and bioprinting, followed by contemporary technology used in tissue engineering applications as well as currently available biomaterials suitable for tissue repair and regeneration. This volume provides information on: (i) why humans need biomaterials, especially in medical applications, (ii) different types of tissue engineering strategies, and (iii) modeling, characterization, and evaluation of outputs of those strategies. This book is a reference material in the field of tissueengineering, and it is very useful for bachelor, M.Sc., and Ph.D. students, researchers, academics, medical, industry, and healthcare professionals from diverse backgrounds.

The book covers multifarious aspects of stem cell-based therapy for cardiovascular diseases. In addition to stem cells from different sources for cell-based therapy, it covers stem cell organoids and stem cell-derived exosomes in regenerative medicine. The book also encompasses advances in state-of-the-art infrastructure to improve the maturation aspects of pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes using a novel scaffold-based cell culture system for cell delivery in experimental animal models and clinical settings. Besides the use of mesenchymal stem cells, the book includes chapters on the use of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), microtissue implantation, use of PSCs for valvulopathies, application of de-cellularized organ arrays as natural scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering, use of epicardial stem cells, and skeletal myoblasts in cell-based therapy for myocardial regeneration. Besides the cell-based therapy approach, the book also reviews the stem cell-derived exosomes,their characteristics, and engineering strategies to enhance their therapeutic potential via targeting and drug loading and use in disease models. Additionally, the book also discusses the latest research on injectable hydrogels for cardiovascular regeneration and how hydrogel-based delivery protects the cells and their retention post-engraftment in the heart, a problem, which significantly reduces the efficacy of cell-based therapy.

Humans have always faced the threat of extinction. This book takes a broad perspective of the ‘ extreme'conditions of human existence and survival to examine how extremes have forced humans to change and how such extremes have determined the nature of society. This volume in The Evolution of Human Sociality series is the fourth (and final) book in a collaborative research project between primatologists and anthropologists. In seeking to understand human sociality, twenty-one authors focus on states of extremity and the ways in which they are perceived and confronted by humans and primates. The contributors consider, among other topics, the'extremes'of urbanization and the disappearance of village societies; the'extremes'of climate change, the Anthropocene, and the extinction of the human species; the'extreme'of human birth; the'extreme'of the absence of mothers for infant chimpanzees; and the ‘ extreme'of radiation disaster. On a more theoretical level, the book illustrates what happens at the moment when humans and primates choose their actions to survive under the pressure of extremes, as well as the mechanisms at the ‘ tipping'points of their action selection.

Nanostructured Materials for Tissue Engineering introduces the key properties and approaches involved in using nanostructured materials in tissue engineering, including functionalization, nanotechnology-based regenerative techniques, toxicological and biocompatible aspects. A broad range of nanomaterial types are covered, from polymer scaffolds and nanocomposites to gold nanoparticles and quantum dots. This book aids the reader in materials selection, as well as matching to the best applications, including bone, skin, pulmonary or neurological tissue engineering. Users will find this book to be an up-to-date review on this fast-changing field that is ideal for materials scientists, tissue engineers, biomedical engineers, and pharmaceutical scientists. - Covers the most recent advances in this fast-moving field, including all key aspects from properties and functionalization to materials selection and application in tissue engineering - Reviews a variety of nanomaterials and their benefits, including polymeric, gold and carbon nanoparticles - Explores a range of tissue engineering applications, such as cardiovascular therapies, skin repair and regeneration, and diabetes management

Cilia: From Mechanisms to Disease, Part A, Volume 175 in the Methods in Cell Biology series, offers a range of techniques and protocols that can be used to study aspects of this interesting cellular organelle both in vitro and in vivo. Sections in this new release include Protocols to induce and study ciliogenesis, Flow Cytometry-Based Approach for the study of primary Cilia, Microscopic observation of human airway ciliary movement using wheat germ agglutinin, Time-lapse imaging of primary cilia behavior with physiological expression of fluorescent ciliary proteins, Evaluation of ciliary-GPCR dynamics using a validated organotypic brain slice culture method, and much more. Other sections cover Studying the morphology, composition and function of the photoreceptor primary cilium in zebrafish, Visualizing Multiciliated Cells in the Zebrafish, Isolation of Ciliary Ectosomes and Analysis of Peptide-mediated Chemotaxis in Chlamydomonas, Using Paramecium as a Model for Ciliopathies, Using organoids to study cilia, Using in vivo cerebellar electroporation to study neuronal cell proliferation and differentiation in a Joubert syndrome mouse model, and more. Offers a detailed overview of the protocols used to study cilia structure and various aspects of ciliary function Provides an approach to the study of some diseases related to ciliary dysfunction, also known as ciliopathies Written in an accessible style by renowned experts in the field

This volume contains nine chapters that detail horizons in cancer research. Chapter One summarizes the role of epigenetic modifications in altering the phenotype of the tumor immune microenvironment. Chapter Two defines the current trends in cancer therapy and the challenges that come with them. Chapter Three discusses the toxicities of tyrosine kinase inhibitors used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Chapter Four proposes a multifaceted approach to the lymphedema assessment that extends beyond arm size and volume based outcomes, and considers the impact of the condition on the individual and their life participation. Chapter Five elucidates the clinical features and diagnostic criteria of osteoradionecrosis of the jaw and emphasizes the essential measures required to overcome the difficulties associated with its diagnosis, utilizing the latest available differential diagnosis information. Chapter Six reviews the potent anticancer activity of the xanthohumol (XN) molecule and its analogs. Chapter Seven reviews recent preclinical and clinical studies to examine the current position of nanoparticle drug delivery systems in the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Chapter Eight summarizes the pivotal role of the SphK/S1P axis in modulating estrogen related signaling cascade during the breast cancer progression and develops the promising therapeutic strategies for BCs by targeting the SphK/S1P axis. Lastly, Chapter Nine summarizes the current studies of S1P/S1PR signaling in bone metastasis and aims to establish a theoretical basis for the application of S1P/S1PR in the treatment of bone metastasis.

Oncogenic Viruses: Fundamentals of Oncoviruses provides an overview of the history of human oncoviruses, how to discover and define an oncovirus, how viruses cause cancer in general, their oncogenic mechanisms and epidemiology, and the cancer biology of oncoviruses. The book is organized into five main parts that include history and discovery of virus-tumor complications, taxonomy and classification of oncoviruses, oncoviruses around the world, including epidemiology statistics and current methods. Finally, the book looks at the molecular epidemiology of DNA and RNA viruses and their role in the pathogenesis of human cancers. - Provides an overview of the history, discovery, taxonomy and biology of oncoviruses - Offers the fundamentals of viral implications in human tumors - Covers the molecular epidemiology and oncologic implications and associations of DNA and RNA oncoviruses

This book intends to report new concept of onco-spheres in cancer ecosystem. Onco-spheres are defined as where cancer cells (living organisms) dynamically interact with nontumor cellular (other living organisms) and noncellular components (non-living environmental factors) in the ‘host'internal environment (habitat) to construct a self-sustainable cancer ecosystem, which can be scoped at three different levels: primary/regional, distal and systemic onco-spheres. Cancer cells should be conceived as ‘living organisms', interacting with cellular or noncellular components in the host internal environment, not only with the local tumor microenvironment (TME) but also constantly communicating with a distant organ niche as well interacting with the host's nervous, endocrine and immune systems, to construct a self-sustainable ‘biosphere', as we termed the tumor ecosystem. By looking at theinteraction of cancer and host as a unique ecosystem, we will use ecology principles to further delineate the features of the dynamics of the tumor ecosystem. As the pioneer in proposing this concept, we feel that this full-scale overview of the tumor ecosystem is able to inform the readers about this concept, and to pave the way for designing novel therapeutic strategies on actionable targets within tumor ecosystem. The book is likely to be of interest to immunologist, biologist, medical students, researchers and general public who wish to learn more on this new concept of tumor ecosystem, and how this could be applied in many fields of research.

Probiotics have been suggested to be involved in both prevention and treatment of various human cancers. Probiotics in Anticancer Immunity is a set of volumes in the Frontiers in Cancer Immunology series that explains biochemical mechanisms of anticancer immunity exerted by probiotics in various human cancers. It presents edited chapters focused on the evidence of probiotic use against human cancers through several animal and human studies. This volume of Probiotics in Anticancer Immunity consists of 11 chapters. The introductory chapters provide information about the link between gut microbiota and the host immune system in cancer and the general mechanisms of anticancer immunity exerted by probiotics. Subsequent chapters are focused on probiotics'anticancer immunity in specific cancers such as, skin cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, liver cancer, cervical and colon cancer. Key features- Gives a new dimensions and insight in the role of probiotics in anticancer immunity towards various human cancers- Provides several color figures and tables to clearly explain relevant information- Includes recent information with new insights and references- Meets the needs of basic (pre-clinical) and advanced clinical researchers and postgraduate scholars

Much research has focused on the basic cellular and molecular biological aspects of stem cells. Much of this research has been fueled by their potential for use in regenerative medicine applications, which has in turn spurred growing numbers of translational and clinical studies. However, more work is needed if the potential is to be realized for improvement of the lives and well-being of patients with numerous diseases and conditions.This book series'Cell Biology and Translational Medicine (CBTMED)'as part of Springer Nature's longstanding and very successful Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series, has the goal to accelerate advances by timely information exchange. Emerging areas of regenerative medicine and translational aspects of stem cells are covered in each volume. Outstanding researchers are recruited to highlight developments and remaining challenges in both the basic research and clinical arenas. This current book is the 18th volume of a continuing series.

In diesem Band berichten die Autoren aus führenden Labors, die sich mit Stammzelltheranostik beschäftigen, über die neuesten Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Stammzellforschung. Das Buch befasst sich mit vielen Aspekten der stammzellbasierten Therapie und den Fortschritten in der Stammzelltherapie bei Leber-, Augen- und Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen sowie bei Krebs. Dieser Band ist eine Fortsetzung der von Prof. Khawaja Husnain Haider bereits herausgegebenen Bücher zur stammzellbasierten Therapienostik. Es ist ein ideales Buch für Forscher, die sich mit der Entwicklung von Arzneimitteln sowie mit regenerativer Medizin und stammzellbasierter Therapie beschäftigen. Die sekundäre Zielgruppe umfasst Medizinstudenten, Ärzte, Zellpharmakologen, die Arzneimittelindustrie und Forscher, die Stammzellen als Ex-vivo-Krankheitsmodelle für die Arzneimittelentwicklung verwenden.

This book focuses on the latest developments in bone metastasis research, including: The application of m6A in the early diagnosis and therapeutic implications of bone metastasis; The role of extracellular vesicles in bone metastasis; The role of estrogen in affecting the immunological microenvironment of bone metastasis; The etiology, pathogenesis, presentations, investigations, classification and management of spinal metastasis; The pivotal role macrophages play in bone metastasis; and The evolving cancer-bone coupling effects during bone metastasis.

The book provides comprehensive review of common uro-oncology cases mainly focusing on its management aspect. It includes diagnosis and clinical staging, surgical management, pathological staging, adjuvant treatment and follow up. It provides current evidence-based approaches for the management of common urological malignancies. All the chapters are written uniformly in a simple yet informative manner by experts in their respective fields. It contains well-prepared illustrations, relevant clinical images and flowcharts. The book is helpful for practicing urologists, uro-oncologists, oncologists as well as urology trainees, uro-oncology fellows in providing a holistic approach to cancer patients. It helps them to develop critical thinking and encourage discussion toward improving the overall care of the patients.

Eggs are one of the most popular foods worldwide due to their great taste and versatility, economical value and high nutritional content. The egg plays an important role in the human diet, both for the nutritional value of its many components (e.g., proteins, vitamins, minerals, choline, specific long chain fatty acids) as well for its wide range of functional characteristics, including foaming, gelling and emulsifying properties. The egg sector is a vibrant field with many new developments in terms of production, processing and commercialization as well as research. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the global production of eggs has grown by 69.5%, farm production systems have evolved to improve the welfare of laying hens, many eggshell and egg products have been developed to address the changing demands of consumers and our knowledge of the composition of the egg has been boosted by the latest gene-based technologies. Information on the science and technology of egg and egg processing is essential to governments, academia and industry.The Handbook of Egg Science and Technology aims to be the first book providing a complete source of information about egg science and technology, covering topics such as world egg production, marketing of eggs, chemistry of egg components, functional properties of egg components, egg processing, egg product development, eggshell quality, grading, egg microbiology, egg pasteurization, egg nutrition and bioactive components, egg biotechnology and sustainability of egg production.Features Includes the most current and comprehensive scientific and technical information about egg science and technology Presents an ideal guide for professionals in related food industries, egg business consultants, regulatory agencies and research groups Answers the need for a comprehensive textbook for upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses in food science, animal science and poultry departments A global panel of experts in the field of egg science was gathered with the aim to provide the most updated information and development on many topics likely to interest readers ranging from academia and food science students to managers working in the food production and egg processing sectors. This handbook is an excellent resource for the food and poultry industry, R&D sectors, as well as experts in the field of food and nutrition.

Phospholipases in Physiology and Pathology presents a comprehensive overview on the physiology and pathology of phospholipases. This seven-volume set considers the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of normal and abnormal cell function upon dysregulation of phospholipases in different diseases. Volumes cover signal transduction mechanisms, implications in cancer, infectious diseases, neural diseases, cardiovascular diseases and other diseases, implications in inflammation, apoptosis, gene expression and non-coding RNAs, the role of natural and synthetic compounds, and stem cell therapies, nanotechnology-based therapies, and more. Together, these volumes give researchers critical insight on the mechanistic and therapeutic aspects of phospholipases. - Discusses the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of normal and abnormal cell function in different disease processes - Covers a wide range of basic and translational research appropriate for scientists engaged in studying the regulation of phospholipases from interdisciplinary perspectives - Features state-of-the-art chapter contributions from international leaders in the field

Functional genomics, a field of molecular biology, provides a comprehensive understanding of gene functions, interactions, and protein functions on a universal level. Unlike classical molecular biology techniques, functional genomics employs genome-wide approaches to describe the functions and interactions of genes and proteins. This book delves into key aspects of functional genomics, ranging from evaluating genetic codes to understanding proteomic ramifications. It explores diverse topics such as genomic abnormalities, proteomic pathways, expression alterations, peptidase screening, genomic instability, and functional neurogenomics. With a focus on applications in biomedicine, agro-food technologies, and zoo techniques, the book highlights primary problems and recent advances in science and technology in the field of genomics medicine. By emphasizing the relation of these topics to functional genomics, the book serves as a comprehensive resource guide for both graduate and postgraduate students, contributing to the growth and advancement of the discipline. Whether delving into genomic instability or exploring proteomic pathways, this book offers valuable insights into the multifaceted world of functional genomics and its applications in diverse domains

This reference book, which is the second volume of Targeting Oxidative Stress in Cancer, explores oxidative stress as the potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy. The initial chapters discuss the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress and its effects on different signaling pathways. Subsequently, the sections examine the impact of redox signaling on tumor cell proliferation and consider the therapeutic potential of dietary phytochemicals and nutraceuticals in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cancer. In turn, it examines the evidence supporting the use of Vitamin C in cancer management, before presenting various synthetic and natural compounds that have therapeutic implications for oxidative stress-induced cancer. It also explores the correlation between non-coding RNA and oxidative stress. Furthermore, the book summarizes the role of stem cells in ROS-induced cancer therapy and reviews the therapeutic applications of nanoparticles to alter redox haemostasis in cancer cells. Lastly, it explores heat-shock proteins, ubiquitin ligases, and probiotics as potential therapeutic agents in ROS-mediated cancer. This book is a useful resource for basic and translational scientists as well as clinicians interested in the field of oxidative stress and cancer therapy. ​

Although endometriosis and adenomyosis are often assessed under the same umbrella, the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and management strategies of endometriosis and adenomyosis occur differently during the life cycle of a woman. Endometriosis can be diagnosed at many points across the lifespan, including adolescence and the climacterium, as well as pregnancy. Being associated with potential adverse health effects, different clinical presentations requiring different therapeutic approaches render it imperative to tailor management strategies for each period of the lifespan: in utero and early life, puberty and adolescence, reproductive years, pregnancy, late reproductive age, and the menopause. This book provides comprehensive insight into the general aspects, diagnosis and treatment modalities of endometriosis and adenomyosis in all stages of a woman's life - a unique element of its approach. Thematic sections discuss the basics of diagnosis and management of both endometriosis and adenomyosis from birth through menopause, including aspects of fertility preservation, sexual dysfunction, psychological considerations and prevention. The current pharmaceutical approaches and efficacy are presented, including progestins, oral contraceptives, aromatase inhibitors and GnRH agonists and antagonists. The final section provides current practice guidelines for the management of both conditions as well as an investigation into future research and clinical strategies. Taking a truly global perspective, Endometriosis and Adenomyosis will be a valuable resource for reproductive endocrinologists, infertility specialists and obstetricians and gynecologists worldwide.

Encyclopedia of Infection and Immunity, Four Volume Set provides new insights into the interactions between bacteria, fungi, parasites and their hosts. Specific areas of interest include host cellular and immune response to microbes, molecular mechanisms of action of beneficial microbes or host-associated microbial communities, microbial pathogenesis, virulence factors, experimental models of infection, host resistance or susceptibility, and the generation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Comprised of over 200 chapters written and edited by leading experts in the field, this book will serve as a key resource for students, researchers, academics and industry practitioners in the fields of microbiology, immunology, and infectious diseases. More than 100 years after Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur established the microbial etiology of communicable diseases, the field of microbiology is experiencing a second period of rapid growth and expansion, driven by the realization that changes in host-associated microbial communities might be at the root of a broad spectrum of noncommunicable human diseases. These advances follow on the heels of recent progress in high-throughput sequencing technology, which has provided a wealth of information on the human microbiome and its physiological potential. - 2023 PROSE Awards - Winner: Finalist: Reference Works – Biological and Life Sciences: Association of American Publishers - Offers a contemporary review of current infection and immunity research, and insights into the future direction of the field - Meticulously researched and cross-referenced to allow students, researchers and professionals to find relevant information quickly and easily - Includes chapters written by academics and practitioners from various fields and regions, ensuring that the knowledge within is easily understood by, and applicable to, a large audience

The purpose of this book is to highlight some of latest developments and applications of CRISPR, RNA, and DNA to treat diseases ranging from cancers to cardiovascular and degenerative disorders. It also features innovations of the delivery methods for nucleic acids ranging from nanodevices made from DNA and pseudo amino acids to viral vectors. This is an ideal book for academics, clinicians, and students interested in gene therapy.

This contributed volume gathers the latest knowledge in the field of stem cells in human reproductive organs, as well as animal models, and to consider the possibility of using this knowledge for clinical purposes. The scope of the book covers both clinical and basic knowledge of stem cells in both reproductive medicine (gynecology and obstetrics) and regenerative medicine as well as cellular and molecular medicine and reproductive biology. Chapters on basic stem cell knowledge in human reproductive tissues and organs or animal models are included, as well as clinical knowledge on their role in the manifestation of infertility and cancer and their clinical use.

Biomedical research is the first step towards the creation of new medications and treatments that help to manage different types of health conditions and diseases. The prevention and cure of diseases would be practically impossible without such type of research. Although the drug discovery and development processes are far too costly, time-consuming, prone to failure, and have low success rate, today the term'translational research or medicine'seems to have become trendy, yet it is insufficient. The present book is a sincere attempt by dedicated researchers to convey the importance of translational biomedical research, medicine, and disease, primarily, basic and clinical difficulties in the translation of diagnostic measures, pharmaceutical advances, biomarkers, diagnostics, and therapeutics.This book is meant for researchers, scientists, healthcare professionals, industry, innovators, and students of biomedical sciences, as well as for those involved in the basic sciences, biochemistry, biotechnology, biophysics, and life sciences in general.The volume comprehensively covers: Emerging technologies for health care Various aspects of biomedical research toward understanding of pathophysiology of the diseases Advances in improvement in diagnostic procedures and therapeutic tools The fundamental role of biomedical research in the development of new medicinal products

Bundled with the eBook, which will be updated regularly as new information about each virus is available, this text serves as the authoritative, up-to-date reference book for virologists, infectious disease specialists, microbiologists, and physicians, as well as medical students pursuing a career in infectious diseases.

The book provides a comprehensive overview of classic and modern approaches of centrosome research, including new aspects of centrosome functions focusing on primary cilia and their implications in numerous diseases. In addition, several chapters raise awareness of centrosomes in areas that have not yet fully considered the centrosome as an organelle that impacts other organelle functions directly or indirectly. It further relates centrosome functions to other research areas such as aging and stem cell research. Since its discovery almost 150 years ago the centrosome is increasingly being recognized as a most impactful organelle for its role, not only as primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) but also as a major communication center for signal transduction pathways and as a center for proteolytic activities. Its significance for cell cycle regulation has been well studied and we now also know that centrosome dysfunctions are implicated in numerous diseases and disorders including cancer, cystic diseases of the kidney, liver fibrosis, cardiac defects, obesity and several other diseases and disorders. This new volume reviews the latest advances in the field and provides valuable background information that is readily understandable for the newcomer and the experienced centrosome researcher alike. Due to the interdisciplinary of the subject, it is a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians working in biomedical research, cell biology, cancer biology, reproduction and developmental biology, neuroscience and stem cell research.