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In an increasingly divided and secularized world, in an age of unbelief, we yearn for increased unity, for a sense of the transcendent, for a humanism that does not force one to choose between God and the world. This humanism requires an integration of ancient wisdom with modern learning, or, one might say, faith and reason, religion and science, Christology and cosmology. As the Gospel of Matthew puts it, the sage goes into the storehouse to bring out both something old and something new. To this Christian humanism both Thomas Aquinas and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin have significant contributions to make. One is not forced to choose between them but rather to see in these two visionaries--one medieval, one modern--complementary insights. One philosophically precise, the other scientifically trained, they challenge us to look again at our search for wholeness, for holiness. Can we see something of what they saw? Can we seek something of what they sought?

Living through an apocalyptic time, Swiss theologian Karl Barth influenced Christianity in the twentieth century profoundly. He publicly rejected Hitler's Nazism, advocated on behalf of workers and laborers, and ministered to prisoners. Barth was named by Pope Pius XII as'the greatest theologian since Thomas Aquinas'and in 1962 even appeared on the cover of Time magazine. In Fully Alive, one of America's best and most provocative theologians, Stanley Hauerwas, demonstrates that Barth's radical theological perspective is particularly relevant and applicable to the challenges of our own time.Hauerwas argues that Barth's engagements with the social and political struggles of his day can help us see what it means to be fully human in the twenty-first century. The ecclesiastical and the political were inseparable for Barth; similarly, Hauerwas shows why it is crucial for theological claims to produce insights that make it possible for our lives to be well lived. Including chapters on race, disability, and the church in Asia, Hauerwas shows how Barth's political theology can be read as a training manual that can help us maintain our humanity in a world in crisis.

As a pandemic and racial reckoning exposed society's faults, Christian thinkers were laying the groundwork for a better future. A public health and economic crisis provoked by Covid-19. A social crisis cracked open by the filmed murder of George Floyd. A leadership crisis laid bare as the gravity of a global pandemic met a country suffocating in political polarization and idolatry. In the spring of 2020, Comment magazine created a publishing project to tap the resources of a Christian humanist tradition to respond collaboratively and imaginatively to these crises. Plough soon joined in the venture. So did seventeen other institutions. The web commons that resulted – Breaking Ground – became a one-of-a-kind space to probe society's assumptions, interrogate our own hearts, and imagine what a better future might require.This volume, written in real time during a year that revealed the depths of our society's fissures, provides a wealth of reflections and proposals on what should come after. It is an anthology of different lenses of faith seeking to understand how best we can serve the broader society and renew our civilization.Contributors include Anne Snyder, Susannah Black, Mark Noll, N. T. Wright, Gracy Olmstead, Doug Sikkema, Patrick Pierson, Jennifer Frey, J. L. Wall, Michael Wear, Dante Stewart, Joe Nail, Benya Kraus, Patrick Tomassi, Amy Julia Becker, Jeffrey Bilbro, Marilynne Robinson, Cherie Harder, Joel Halldorf, Irena Dragas Jansen, Katherine Boyle, L. M. Sacasas, Jake Meador, Joshua Bombino, Chelsea Langston Bombino, Aryana Petrosky Roberts, Stuart McAlpine, Heather C. Ohaneson, Oliver O'Donovan, W. Bradford Littlejohn, Anthony M. Barr, Michael Lamb, Shadi Hamid, Samuel Kimbriel, Christine Emba, Brandon McGinley, John Clair, Kurt Armstrong, Peter Wehner, Jonathan Haidt, Dhananjay Jagannathan, Phil Christman, Gregory Thompson, Duke Kwon, Carlo Lancellotti, Tara Isabella Burton, Charles C. Camosy, Joseph M. Keegin, Luke Bretherton, Tobias Cremer, and Elayne Allen.

If Is the Only Peacemaker explores the drama of Shakespeare through a cultural lens that can be shown to be central to the formation of this theatrical art: fourteenth- to sixteenth-century Catholic Humanism. Part I of this book traces this tradition through key figures in Medieval and Renaissance Humanism, including Dante, Chaucer, Erasmus, and Thomas More. The latter two, especially, convey Catholic Humanism to Shakespeare's England, and help to establish a rhetorical ideal: the union of eloquentia and sapientia, of wit and wisdom. Part II then closely reads one of Shakespeare's major comedies, As You Like It, through this ideal, finding in this play an outstanding example of the Catholic Humanist rhetoric central to Shakespeare's art. This part of the book also mingles rhetorical and performance criticism, citing six different productions of As You Like It.

The examination of the transcendentals of truth, beauty and the good in this book stems from the perspective of Christian humanism, transcending ourselves in moral psychology, and perfecting ourselves to attain the good life. These critical approaches are each pertinent to the search for meaning in our lives which the transcendentals augment. From such a perspective, the book engages in an exploration of the philosophy of culture and religion which at key points in the discussion draws upon ritual, works of high and especially popular culture. The truth that moves us closer to discovering meaning and a fuller humanity is largely found in the world and culture that surrounds us and is related to wisdom, which is something that concerns us all.

Als im Jahr 1516 die neue Ausgabe des Neuen Testaments, das Novum Instrumentum des Erasmus von Rotterdam erschien, war dies ein herausragendes Ereignis mit weitreichenden Konsequenzen und Wirkungen. Sowohl die Reformation des 16. Jahrhunderts mit ihrer zentralen Stellung der biblischen Schriften und ihrer Exegese als auch die Entwicklung der in die Moderne weisenden biblischen Textkritik lassen sich ohne die Arbeiten des Erasmus kaum denken. Dennoch ist auch Erasmus in einem breiteren Zusammenhang der mannigfachen Bibel- und Text-orientierten Reformbewegung des Spätmittelalters, der Renaissance und des Humanismus zu sehen. Dies verdeutlichen die einzelnen Beiträge des vorliegenden Bandes.

Enrique González apuesta por una nueva forma de comprender el Evangelio partiendo de él y no de una tradición filosófica anterior que perturbe y dificulte su mensaje. El título del presente libro invita a hacer una nueva filosofía cristiana, distinta de la vieja: esta, en lugar de partir del Evangelio para comprenderlo con conceptos filosóficos apropiados a él, lo fuerza a adaptarse a unas categorías previas y ajenas que perturban el mensaje revelado porque cosifican al hombre y, por tanto, a Dios. Ello ha perjudicado notablemente a la propia teología, que siempre demanda a la filosofía nuevos y más aptos conceptos. Pero al no ser propuestos, sigue utilizando inercialmente los viejos, y hasta parece afirmar —resignada— que, como no hay otros, debe seguir edificándose sobre la Escolástica, considerada como la única filosofía cristiana porque no conoce otra. Hoy se nos pide realizar la tarea inversa: intentar comprender el Evangelio con categorías más apropiadas, partiendo de él y no de una tradición filosófica anterior que ha gravitado excesivamente sobre el mismo. Esta empresa urgente pide la renovación de nuestros viejos conceptos, obsoletos o inadecuados en el mundo moderno.

Quid est autem homo? What is the human person? This question, raised in paragraph twelve of Gaudium et spes, was addressed by both bishops and theologians throughout the redaction process of the Second Vatican Council's Pastoral Constitution. This had been an open and contested question for many years before Vatican II was convened, and no definitive answer had been found by the time the council closed. This volume investigates how this question haunted theologians in the mid-twentieth century, and it focuses especially on Louvain theology. More particularly, its first chapter discusses the anthropological turn that occurred in twentieth-century theology and which was shaped by aspects of Christian humanism, the theology of history, theology of earthly realities, theology of society, and theology of the laity. The following four chapters sketch the intellectual itineraries of Albert Dondeyne, Gerard Philips, Gustave Thils, and Charles Moeller. These four Louvain theologians respectively developed a universal Christian humanism, an ecclesiology ad extra, an integrated Christian anthropology, and a humanism of the Beatitudes. The last three chapters analyze the reception of their thinking at the Second Vatican Council, focusing especially on the Pastoral Constitution Gaudium et spes. The text of Malines, a draft text written in 1963, is presented as a cornerstone of Louvain's contribution to this anthropological turn.

Jens Zimmermann locates Bonhoeffer within the Christian humanist tradition extending back to patristic theology. He begins by explaining Bonhoeffer's own use of the term humanism (and Christian humanism), and considering how his criticism of liberal Protestant theology prevents him from articulating his own theology rhetorically as a Christian humanism. He then provides an in-depth portrayal of Bonhoeffer's theological anthropology and establishes that Bonhoeffer's Christology and attendant anthropology closely resemble patristic teaching. The volume also considers Bonhoeffer's mature anthropology, focusing in particular on the Christian self. It introduces the hermeneutic quality of Bonhoeffer's theology as a further important feature of his Christian humanism. In contrast to secular and religious fundamentalisms, Bonhoeffer offers a hermeneutic understanding of truth as participation in the Christ event that makes interpretation central to human knowing. Having established the hermeneutical structure of his theology, and his personalist configuration of reality, Zimmermann outlines Bonhoeffer's ethics as'Christformation'. Building on the hermeneutic theology and participatory ethics of the previous chapters, he then shows how a major part of Bonhoeffer's life and theology, namely his dedication to the Bible as God's word, is also consistent with his Christian humanism.

Immer aktuell ist die Frage nach dem, was auch in unruhigen Zeiten trägt: Was hat das Humanum heutezu bedeuten? Erstaunlich selten wird danach gefragt. Und doch zeigt es gangbare Wege, bei unterschiedlichen Meinungen und Auseinandersetzungen das Zentrale und Einende im Blick zu behalten. Das Humanum ist auf Verständnis aus und auf Vermittlung. Das Friedliebende spielt dabei eine maßgebliche Rolle sowie das Bekenntnis dazu, dass gerade die hochgeschätzte Humanität zur christlichen Verwirklichung der Welt als Ort der Menschlichkeit zu führen vermag. Daher ist in einem Atemzug nicht nur nach dem Humanum, sondern nach dem tragenden christlichen Humanismus zu fragen. Das bedeutet Rückschau auf das Werden humanistischer Diskurse, Betrachtung der Ressourcen ihrer innerlichen Irenik sowie Reflexion auf deren Zukunft.

This book investigates how Erasmus viewed non-Christians and different races, including Muslims, Jews, the indigenous people of the Americas, and Africans. Nathan Ron argues that Erasmus was devoted to Christian Eurocentrism and not as tolerant as he is often portrayed. Erasmus'thought is situated vis-à-vis the thought of contemporaries such as the cosmographer and humanist Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini who became Pope Pius II; the philosopher, scholar, and Cardinal, Nicholas of Cusa; and the Dominican missionary and famous defender of the Native Americans, Bartolomé Las Casas. Additionally, the relatively moderate attitude toward Islam which was demonstrated by Michael Servetus, Sebastian Franck, and Sebastian Castellio is analyzed in comparison with Erasmus'harsh attitude toward Islam/Turks.

By early 1943, it had become increasingly clear that the Allies would win the Second World War. Around the same time, it also became increasingly clear to many Christian intellectuals on both sides of the Atlantic that the soon-to-be-victorious nations were not culturally or morally prepared for their success. A war won by technological superiority merely laid the groundwork for a post-war society governed by technocrats. These Christian intellectuals-Jacques Maritain, T. S. Eliot, C. S. Lewis, W. H. Auden, and Simone Weil, among others-sought both to articulate a sober and reflective critique of their own culture and to outline a plan for the moral and spiritual regeneration of their countries in the post-war world. In this book, Alan Jacobs explores the poems, novels, essays, reviews, and lectures of these five central figures, in which they presented, with great imaginative energy and force, pictures of the very different paths now set before the Western democracies. Working mostly separately and in ignorance of one another's ideas, the five developed a strikingly consistent argument that the only means by which democratic societies could be prepared for their world-wide economic and political dominance was through a renewal of education that was grounded in a Christian understanding of the power and limitations of human beings. The Year of Our Lord 1943 is the first book to weave together the ideas of these five intellectuals and shows why, in a time of unprecedented total war, they all thought it vital to restore Christianity to a leading role in the renewal of the Western democracies.

In this compelling account of the origins and evolution of our secular worldview, Theo Hobson shows how Christian values continue to underpin our public morality, how faith remains indispensable to Western humanism, and how atheistic humanism represeents a dead end. At the same time, he offers a timely warning against the dangers of a religious-secular culture war, given the radically politicized and destructive forms of religion endemic in the world today. Here is a fresh and provocative argument about religion and politics – but one that doesn't fit into the normal boxes. It suggests that although the public creed of the West is best described as'secular humanism'we can only really understand and affirm secular humanism if we see how firmly it is based on Christian norms and values. If we don't, the West is divided: mired in a stagnant stand-off between fundamentalist atheism and an equally hard-line Christian theism. This book offers a more nuanced and historically more persuasive way forward, showing just how much our secular morality owes to Christianity, and how it can only find coherence through a new and positive view of its origins. ContentsIntroduction1 The ideology in the room2 Sowing the seeds3 Mutations of Protestantism4 Struggling to be born5 The secular century6 In our time7 So what? How is Christianity credible?

The study of man today is divided in three ways that it should not be: between the humanities and the social sciences, between natural and metaphysical philosophy, and between faith and reason. This book bridges these three divides to build toward an integrated understanding of human being that begins with the revealed truths of Christian faith. Because its humanism draws upon diverse fields of art, anthropology, psychology, philosophy, and theology, the book should be of interest to scholars and students of all kinds. And because its humanism is all about us, the book should interest be of interest to anyone who happens to be human.

Since its inception in ancient Greco-Roman culture, the main goal of humanism has been moral formation through education for the attainment of true humanity. Literature and religion have always played a central role in humanistic learning, especially in the Christian humanism that has deeply shaped Western ideals of higher education. Does Christian humanism remain important today? What does Christian humanism have to contribute to the idea of moral formation in contemporary Western culture that has been characterized by many as “a secular age”? This book addresses these questions by examining two prominent Christian humanists: the twentieth-century theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer and the contemporary American writer Marilynne Robinson. In this volume, a group of international scholars, from a variety of disciplines, bring Bonhoeffer and Robinson into conversation with current moral and ethical issues, from the residential school system to our increasingly consumerist and technology-obsessed society. The contributors demonstrate the profound affirmation of human dignity and freedom that characterize the humanism of both Bonhoeffer and Robinson, highlighting their import as resources for the relation of religion, culture and ethics. The essays in this book thus remind us that religious faith will remain relevant as we search for moral consensus in modern, post-Christian societies. The volume also features a new interview with Robinson that reveals her own religious humanism and her appreciation for Bonhoeffer's theology.

A Companion to Medieval Christian Humanism explores the perennial questions of Christian humanism as these emerge in the writings of key medieval thinkers, questions pertaining to the dignity of the human person, the human person's place in the cosmos, and the moral and educational ideals involved in shaping human persons toward the full realization of their dignity. The contributors explore what form these questions take for medieval thinkers and how they answer these questions, thereby revealing the depth of medieval Christian humanism. Contributors are: C. Colt Anderson, David Appleby, John P. Bequette, Benjamin Brown, Richard H. Bulzacchelli, Nancy Enright, David P. Fleischacker, Justin Jackson, Ian Levy, J. Stephen Russell, Aage Rydstrøm-Poulsen, Andrew Salzmann, John T. Slotemaker, Benjamin Smith, and Eileen C. Sweeney

Christianity has lost control of its brand. That matters even for nonbelievers because Christian symbolism permeates Western culture. It shapes the source code for how we think about ourselves and what we expect from one another. If God is all-controlling, then human control is divinely sanctioned. Our efforts to control one another have cosmic legitimacy--the legitimacy claimed by fundamentalists pursuing a political agenda that has nothing to do with Jesus of Nazareth. But if God is defined as compassion and loving-kindness, then Christianity calls the faithful to compassion and radical hospitality. Wallace traces the backstory of this vitally important tension all the way back to competing translations of Moses's argument with the burning bush, arguing for a'Copernican turn'in which the spiritual encounter with compassionate Presence lies at the heart of Christianity.

Come to church or go to hell. That's religious bullying. It's judgmentalism. And it's a theological distortion, a distortion insisting that shame and self-loathing are morally appropriate. In Christian humanist tradition, God is not some cosmic judge eager to smite all of us for our sinfulness. God is compassion. We are cherished by God beyond our wildest imagining. We are called to radical hospitality, not to crass judgmentalism. So where does this religious judgmentalism come from? It is the heritage of medieval theocracy: a violent, vindictive God of command and control was far more useful politically than a God of compassion, hospitality, and forgiveness. It comes from literal-minded misreading of the story of Adam and Eve and the forbidden fruit, a story about shame, not disobedience. And it comes from political success in exploiting deep-seated liabilities in the American soul: we spend our lives trying to'prove ourselves,'a hopeless task. There's an alternative. In the Christian humanist tradition, authentic moral judgment is rooted in conscience as a creative process. Morality is an art demanding both rigorous consideration of the facts and thoughtful introspection. Conscience properly understood and thoughtfully practiced is an antidote to shame, incessant self-criticism, and chronic self-doubt.

The Operation of Grace collects a decade's worth of essays by Gregory Wolfe taken from the pages of Image, the literary journal he founded more than a quarter century ago. As he notes in the preface, his Image editorials, while they cover a wide range of topics, focus on the intersection of art, faith, and mystery. Wolfe believes that art and religion, while hardly identical, offer illuminating analogies to one another - art deepening faith through the empathetic reach of the imagination and faith anchoring art in a vision beyond the artist's ego. Several essays dwell on how aesthetic values like ambiguity, tragedy, and beauty enlarge our understanding of the spiritual life. There are also a series of reflections that extend Wolfe's campaign to renew the neglected and often misunderstood tradition of Christian humanism. Finally, there are sections that contain more personal meditations arising from Wolfe's involvement in nurturing and promoting the work of emerging writers and artists. The Operation of Grace demonstrates once again why novelist Ron Hansen has spoken of Wolfe as one of the most incisive and persuasive voices of our generation.

John de Gruchy, internationally renowned theologian, vividly recounts his remarkable life filled with challenge, discovery – and many extraordinary fellow travellers. As a young pastor and ecumenical activist, De Gruchy grappled daily with the realities of troubled country. As a scholar of the anti-Nazi theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer, he takes part in a global conversation about our responsibilities in this world. I Have Come a Long Way tells De Gruchy's extraordinary story of political action, personal tragedy, but also engaged thought, as he embraces Christian humanism and the faith community at Volmoed. Along the way we meet a varied cast, from Albert Luthuli, Jaap Durand, P.W. Botha and Constand Viljoen to Desmond Tutu, a close friend. I Have Come a Long Way is an honest, very human portrait of a man who has made a significant contribution to theology and justice, and whose work continues to inspire.

John de Gruchy is one of the greatest and most respected South African theologians of the past five decades. His work has left an indelible mark on both the South African and international theological landscapes. In this book he describes his theological journey, revisiting core themes, periods and sources. This is an enriching read, as De Gruchy engages with some of the greatest theologians in the history of the church – notably John Calvin, Karl Barth, Karl Rahner, Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Reinhold Niebuhr – as well as with a wide selection of his fellow South African theologians. - Cas Wepener