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Most scientists are constantly under pressure for reading essential literature, designing new experiments, writing successful proposals and papers, and meeting deadlines. However, imagine that your brain is connected to the entire human knowledge and can extract instantly essential information for discovery. Imagine that research tasks that took days to months can now be done within few seconds. This is not science fiction anymore since the onset of generative artificial intelligence tools such as ChatGPT. This book explains concisely and simply how to use ChatGPT for identifying new results, crafting titles, editing language, interpreting figures, creating visuals, and refining methods. ChatGPT even allows for brainstorming, designing experiments, writing proposals, responding to reviewers, and evaluating research papers. Written for researchers with no background in coding or prompt engineering, this book provides the skills necessary to navigate the changing landscape of scientific research. In particular, you will learn how to leverage ChatGPT's unique capabilities to generate ideas, streamline literature reviews, and craft compelling narratives. In short, this book empowers you to unlock the potential of ChatGPT, boosting productivity, and take your scientific research and writing to new heights.

Scientific writing is a trade that can and must be learned and not a form of art that is limited to the talented. The real constraint for writing a good scientific article is most of the time not the usage of the English language, but the conversion of outcomes of a set of experiments into a coherent and convincing scientific story. This book is designed to guide junior scientists in the Life Sciences writing their thesis and first manuscripts, along this uphill struggle. All aspects of building up and publishing a forceful scientific narrative are covered, from designing experiments to dealing with the reviewers'comments. This book takes you step by step through the process of writing a paper. It starts by discussing how to collect and organize data and make an outline. The actual writing starts with the Results section, as this is the heart of any research paper. The Discussion interprets your data in the framework of the existing literature and explains the novel insights you obtained. The Introduction is written to pose the questions that are answered in the Discussion and give the necessary background information. It is written after the Results and Discussion to make sure it is a perfect match. The M&M is the easiest to write. A good abstract is essential for attracting readers. How to write that is described in detail. The title is the last piece of the puzzle. The book contains many practical examples that explain the general principles of good writing. These examples are all from the Life Sciences and so are the anecdotes that illustrate the concepts, making the information directly applicable. All kinds of tips and suggestions are provided for improving readability and accessibility of your manuscript, thus making it easier acceptable. In addition, background information on the basics of science is supplied that helps to avoid common mistakes that cause rejection of manuscripts that report on otherwise good science.

This book focuses on the various applications of microorganisms for sustainable environment and the reduction of hazardous pollutants released in various forms, including xenobiotics, e-waste, pesticides, insecticides, plastic, heavy metals, paper waste, medical waste, textile dyes, and their impact on environmental and human health. The book involves a series of research reports that explain the application of microbes used to solve real-life issues raised due to changes happening in environment, including pollution, by covering applications, including the use of bacteria, fungi, microalgae and biofilm in the detection and degradation of crude oil, pesticides, dyes, e-waste, heavy metals and other pollutants. It also focuses on integrative strategies in the application of microbial nanomaterials for remediation of pollutant. This material will help environmental scientists and microbiologists to learn about existing environmental problems and suggest novel ways to control or contain their effects by employing various treatment approaches.

This book reviews key advances and new fundamentals in genetics. The increasing importance of genetic approaches in diverse areas of biology and medical sciences constantly requires in-depth information on genetic discoveries and research strategies for advanced graduate-level students as well as current researchers. This book focuses on genetic studies of various animal model systems and their major contributions to establishing modern genetics. Information covered in this book is mostly based on original research papers that extend from classical to modern genetics and applications. The contents are organized into four parts. Part I introduces fundamental concepts and experimental strategies in classical genetics. Part II discusses molecular genetics with transposons, transgenesis, clonal analysis, and gene editing technologies. Part III emphasizes epigenetic regulation of genome organization and gene expression. Part IV integrates earlier parts with landmark genetic studies on non-coding RNAs in dosage compensation, programmed cell death, growth control related to cancer, and behavioral neurobiology.

Howard Pattee is a physicist who for many years has taken his own path in studying the physics of symbols, which is now a foundation for biosemiotics. By extending von Neumann's logical requirements for self-replication, to the physical requirements of symbolic instruction at the molecular level, he concludes that a form of quantum measurement is necessary for life. He explains why all non-dynamic symbolic and informational controls act as special (allosteric) constraints on dynamical systems. Pattee also points out that symbols do not exist in isolation but in coordinated symbol systems we call languages. Such insights turn out to be necessary to situate biosemiotics as an objective scientific endeavor. By proposing a way to relate quiescent symbolic constraints to dynamics, Pattee's work builds a bridge between physical, biological, and psychological models that are based on dynamical systems theory. Pattee's work awakes new interest in cognitive scientists, where his recognition of the necessary separation—the epistemic cut—between the subject and object provides a basis for a complementary third way of relating the purely symbolic, computational models of cognition and the purely dynamic, non-representational models. This selection of Pattee's papers also addresses several other fields, including hierarchy theory, artificial life, self-organization, complexity theory, and the complementary epistemologies of the physical and biological sciences.

The book begins with - Introduction, which deals with the concept of research methodology. Second includes details on collection of data, followed by sampling techniques. four enumerates sample size calculation. Basic concept of probability is provided in five, whereas, in six hypothesis formulation is discussed in detail. seven will give an insight on how to write a research proposal/ project with an example. In eight writing a scientific research paper, how to write a review paper, methods of presenting research outcome using oral presentation, poster presentation and ethics in research are discussed. At the end of this, some of the words which are commonly misused are pointed out. nine is all about the methods deal in data presentation using table, graph, figure etc. A is also devoted to selected bibliography, which may be helpful for further reading. The book is written considering the requirements of the students offering research methodology at under and postgraduate levels. This book will be attractive to researchers needing familiarity with research methods. The methods described in this book are made user's friendly so that even general readers will find this book useful.

The monk Jesuit Escober proposed the slogan'The aim justifies the means'. This slogan at large is not correct because it permits any action. However in this particular case, this slogan is acceptable because the aim is to target the reader. Reviews and original papers were collected about quantitative chemistry, biochemistry and biology. Special attention is given to new ideas in the fields which include nanoelements formation and reactivity, synthesis of thermoplastic bio-based polyurethanes on the basis of vegetable oils, carvacrol and thymol for fresh food packaging, polymer composites structure and electric properties and some properties of small water clusters in water-starch systems. The following topics are also discussed: investigation of kinetics and mechanism of biologically awake antioxidants in reaction to esterification 2- (n-acetylamid)-3-(3', 5'-di-tert.butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid, the turbulent apparatus for oil neutralization, еffect melaphen on a mitochondria of sprouts of peas under stressful influences by some methods, preparation of new antioxidants in reaction 2- (n-methylamide)-3- (3', 5'-di-tert.butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid and effect of external influences on the structural and dynamic parameters of polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate-based biocomposites. Also mentioned include the problems of determination diffusion coefficients of Brownian particles using velocity or force autocorrelation function in molecular dynamic simulations, in silico simulation of silver and copper ions interacting with fungal cell wall in vitro antifungal activity of copper ions and silver ions) and the estimation of antioxidants as nuts quality index and the structure of soluble unlinked and cross-linked fibrin oligomers.

The Science of Life: Contributions of Biology to Human Welfare is the fIrst of what we anticipate will be a series of monographs resulting from activities of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. From time to time material drawn from symposia presented at the an­ nual meetings of the Societies, when considered suitable, will be published as separate FASEB Monographs. Usually, the material will have appeared in Federation Proceedings. Occasionally, other papers resulting from symposia, conferences, or special meetings sponsored by the Federation or one of its constituent societies will appear as a F ASEB monograph. In some instances, special articles on the same topic will be drawn together under one cover. Why should information which has already been printed and distributed as a part of the editorial content of a journal be republished as a monograph? Most of the ma­ terial to be included in this effort, particularly the symposia presented at the annual meetings of the six Federated Societies, will summarize the state of the art ex­ cellently. Such information will be of considerable value to students and teachers, especially for undergraduate honors courses or in graduate studies.

The Science of Life: Contributions of Biology to Human Welfare is the first of what we anticipate will be a series of monographs resulting from activities of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. From time to time material drawn from symposia presented at the an­ nual meetings of the Societies, when considered suitable, will be published as separate FASEB Monographs. Usually, the material will have appeared in Federation Proceedings. Occasionally, other papers resulting from symposia, conferences, or special meetings sponsored by the Federation or one of its constituent societies will appear as a F ASEB monograph. In some instances, special articles on the same topic will be drawn together under one cover. Why should information which has already been printed and distributed as a part of the editorial content of a journal be republished as a monograph? Most of the ma­ terial to be included in this effort, particularly the symposia presented at the annual meetings of the six Federated Societies, will summarize the state of the art ex­ cellently. Such information will be of considerable value to students and teachers, especially for undergraduate honors courses or in graduate studies.

This volume provides a broad overview of issues in the philosophy of behavioral biology, covering four main themes: genetic, developmental, evolutionary, and neurobiological explanations of behavior. It is both interdisciplinary and empirically informed in its approach, addressing philosophical issues that arise from recent scientific findings in biological research on human and non-human animal behavior. Accordingly, it includes papers by professional philosophers and philosophers of science, as well as practicing scientists. Much of the work in this volume builds on presentations given at the international conference, “Biological Explanations of Behavior: Philosophical Perspectives”, held in 2008 at the Leibniz Universität Hannover in Germany. The volume is intended to be of interest to a broad range of audiences, which includes philosophers (e.g., philosophers of mind, philosophers of biology, and metaethicists), as well as practicing scientists, such as biologists or psychologists whose interests relate to biological explanations of behavior.

The book delves into various aspects of the hair care industry, providing a comprehensive understanding of hair throughout history, its anatomy and physiology, genetics and molecular mechanisms of hair color, and the raw materials used in the industry. It explores the diverse range of hair care products, including oils, dyes, lotions, and serums, and emphasizes the importance of global regulatory approaches to ensure consumer health and safety, particularly in relation to nano-formulations and synthetic hair care products. The book also addresses the safety and efficacy of herbal care products from a global regulatory perspective. Furthermore, it examines the impact of the microbiome on hair care products, highlighting the opportunities and challenges in complying with global regulations. The evaluation of hair care product safety is discussed within a global context, exploring different models and methods. The book also focuses on the journey of hair care products from laboratory testing to market, emphasizing clinical and preclinical assessments in compliance with global regulations. It highlights the role of ex-vivo hair follicle models in ensuring the safety and effectiveness of hair care products while providing a global regulatory framework. Additionally, the book explores the potential of artificial intelligence in predicting hair product toxicity, taking a global perspective. It delves into omics approaches for hair toxicity assessment, discussing current advances and future directions in this field. The next generation of hair products is also explored, with a focus on innovations that prioritize safe and healthy consumer choices. Finally, the book provides an overview of global regulatory frameworks for the hair care industry, including key agencies and guidelines. It serves as a valuable resource for professionals and researchers in the field, offering insights into the historical, scientific, and regulatory aspects of hair care products and their impact on consumer health and safety.

This practical guide showcases alternative career opportunities for life science researchers beyond academia. Written by active professionals with hands-on experience, the book provides a comprehensive overview of non-academic roles and the many career paths available. In our life science education, many of us undergo classical academic training, preparing to perform university research. However, only 20-30% of students end up in permanent academic positions. The rest is leaving the field due to the challenging conditions and a lack of secured employment. As the area continues to expand and diversify, so do chances for career development outside the traditional routes. There is a growing demand for trained experts to fill various jobs in industry, government, and other sectors. Here, you will find guidance on leveraging your scientific experience to best succeed in the different roles. What is more, the preparation of your resume (CV), cover letter, and social media “attire” (LinkedIn) is covered. Interviews with selected personalities from the various domains provide unique insights into life journeys with true practical relevance. Final, this work advises universities and academic entities on how a corresponding education model could be embedded in their curricula to provide our future graduates from the life sciences with a full spectrum of their options.

This book explains the main problems of industrial wastewater treatments and how they are being treated by innovative biological processes. The need for clean water in developing countries has become difficult to achieve as a result of globalization and industrialization and because of an increase in population, urbanization, and per capita water use. Residential, commercial, industrial, and educational institutions produce immense amounts of wastewater. Wastewater is treated to extract toxins to produce processed effluent by physical, chemical, and biological processes. Most of these innovative treatment systems are membrane filtration, advanced oxidation processes, and electrochemical approaches, which are strongly committed to offering solutions to help protect public health and the environment. For wastewater treatment, different forms of bioreactors are used which are reliable, cost-efficient, and effective in removing a wide variety of contaminants. This book outlines the capacity of various bioreactors that are most widely used for the treatment of different industrial and domestic wastewater, such as a rotating biological contactor, biological fluidized bed reactor, packed bed reactor, membrane bioreactor, continuous stirred tank bioreactor, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor, and photobioreactor, etc. Despite this, the acceptance of these technologies and their commercialization on an industrial scale, the performance is still limited. Therefore, a broader use of cost-effective in situ remedial approaches to natural phenomena like bioremediation is needed. The role of numerous bioreactors in industrial effluent treatment has, including recent developments, also been explored in depth. Furthermore, it includes the operational factors affecting their performances, advances in their architectural design, their amalgamation with the existing setup, scale-up studies, life cycle assessment of those reactors, materials and cost analysis, etc. This information helps the reader to understand the insight into the mechanism, pros and cons, moreover efficient utilization, and commissioning of bioreactors.

This book highlights the science underlying honey, which is central to an understanding of conventional medicine or ingredients of food used mostly in all societies and it is attracting increasing interest among food scientists and professionals worldwide. Honey, wax, propolis and royal jelly also have significant roles in various nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products and this book provides collective information and practical approaches regarding all characteristic features of honey and its applications as functional food and medicines. Not only does this book explain the comprehensive knowledge of honey and its medicinal properties based on current researched evidence, it also explores the contribution of honey in the food science and medicine industry as a significant part of nutraceuticals and functional food research. Written by leading scientists in the field, the book will be a valuable resource for students and researchers in the fields of food chemistry, nutritional science, taste physiology, and neuroscience, as well as for professionals in the food industry.

Blockchain is a new type of technology that combines and secures information exchange between different stakeholders such as medical practitioners, patients, healthcare providers, and other applicable parties. Among them, Blockchain Technology is one of the most important areas in the bioinformatics application of biomedical research and healthcare systems utilizing unique requirements and integration features. All the chapters are written by experts and researchers working in various areas of the biomedical and healthcare domain and they also dive into one of the most overlooked methodological, practical, and moral questions to secure and handle the enormous amount of data being generated from IoT-enabled biomedical and healthcare systems. In the beginning, this book presents an overview and then discusses open issues, challenges, and applicability aspect of Blockchain technology in healthcare. Then, this book presents a variety of perspectives on the most pressing questions in the field, for example: how IoT can connect billions of biomedical and healthcare information; how the blockchain-based secure access control mechanisms in biomedical and healthcare work; how to address the Quality-of-Service (QoS) and real-time accessibility requirements for healthcare applications; and how to ensure communication with efficiency. Also, it discusses Blockchain for IoT-enabled healthcare systems and presents a comparative analysis with respect to various performance evaluation metrics too.

This book conducts research on the evaluation and reduction mechanism of the negative effects of urban Transportation Energy Supply Network (TESN). By analyzing the current supply and demand situation of urban transportation energy supply network, the concept of negative effects of urban transportation energy supply network is defined, and specific definitions and measurement methods of negative effects are proposed. A TESN negative effect reduction mechanism was constructed from three aspects: site layout optimization, site cooperation game, and replenishment vehicle scheduling. The simulation validation of the urban transportation energy supply network was conducted using AnyLogic simulation software.

Every animal on the planet owes its existence to one crucial piece of evolutionary engineering: the egg. It's time to tell a new story of life on Earth.'Jules Howard's egg's-eye view of evolution is dripping with fascinating insights'ALICE ROBERTS'So much passion and poetic prose'BBC Radio 4, Inside Science If you think of an egg, what do you see in your mind's eye? A chicken egg, hard-boiled? A slimy mass of frogspawn? Perhaps you see a human egg cell, prepared on a microscope slide in a laboratory? Or the majestic marble-blue eggs of the blackbird? Every egg there has ever been, is an emblem of survival. Yet the evolution of the animal egg is the dramatic subplot missing in many accounts of how life on Earth came to be. Quite simply, without this universal biological phenomenon, animals as we know them, including us, could not have evolved and flourished. In Infinite Life, zoology correspondent Jules Howard takes the reader on a mind-bending journey from the churning coastlines of the Cambrian Period and Carboniferous coal forests, where insects were stirring, to the end of the age of dinosaurs when live-birthing mammals began their modern rise to power. Eggs would evolve from out of the sea; be set by animals into soils, sands, canyons and mudflats; be dropped in nests wrapped in silk; hung in stick nests in trees, covered in crystallised shells or secured by placentas. Whether belonging to birds, insects, mammals or millipedes, animal eggs are objects that have been shaped by their ecology, forged by mass extinctions and honed by natural selection to near-perfection. Finally, the epic story of their role in the tapestry of life can be told.'In a book that brilliantly evokes past eras, Howard provides a new perspective on the history of life on Earth.'The Mail on Sunday

The objective of the book is to show the complementarity and integration of food and non-food value chains for the development of a sustainable bioeconomy. One current challenge facing industry and the economy is to meet the needs of a growing world population while preserving the environment. The use of fossil energy resources for several decades has generated a decrease in reserves of these resources, together with a phenomenon of global warming due to the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. More and more industrial sectors, including the chemical industry, are replacing fossil carbon with renewable carbon. The bioeconomy consists in using renewable biological resources to produce food, materials, and energy. A bioeconomy based on the green chemistry and biotechnologies is developing worldwide, as a lever for reducing the ecological footprint of human activities. The book is articulated around six parts, each dedicated to a keystone of the interface betweengreen chemistry and Agro-Food Industry.

Industrial crops offer farmers new market opportunities to increase their revenue by producing high-value products, focusing on fiber, forest, and energy crops, industrial oilseeds, rubber and resins, pharmaceuticals, and more. Technological innovations in agriculture have facilitated higher yields, but conserving crop genetic resources and diversity remains crucial for sustainable agricultural production. This poses a challenge that can be addressed through modern tools of biotechnology and genomics, utilizing the wealth of sequenced plant genomes. This book addresses the need for knowledge in managing the risks and conservation of genetic diversity associated with advanced technology. It provides comprehensive coverage of plant genomics and biotechnology, catering to post-graduate students, researchers, employees of seed and biotechnology companies, as well as instructors in plant genetics, breeding, and biotechnology fields.

This book serves as an excellent comprehensive material covering the current understandings and updates on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the use of medicinal plant resources for tackling it. Chapters cover important aspects of AMR and strategies to address this threatening issue with medicinal plants and their resources. One health perspectives for addressing AMR have been presented for the readers. Antimicrobial medicinal plant therapeutic resources including crude extracts, active fractions, pure molecules and essential oils, besides using them as functionalizing agents for nano-antimicrobials have been covered. Further, plant endophytes as a source of antimicrobial compounds have been discussed. Chapters cover both the bactericidal as well as resistance-reversal (or potentiating/ combinatorial therapies) potencies of medicinal plant resources. The book also focuses on how medicinal plant resources effectively target major determinants of AMR. Use of metabolomics in understanding and targeting AMR mechanisms and identifying potent phyto-therapeutics has been discussed as well. The book is a valuable read for both experienced and younger researchers working in the field of AMR and related fields in biomedicine, pharmacy, and clinical research.

The book explains the use of natural products as scaffolds in tissue engineering. It presents an introduction to the concept of natural product-based scaffolds and explores various fabrication strategies for their synthesis. The book highlights the wide range of applications of these scaffolds in tissue engineering, including their use in tissue regeneration, wound healing, plastic surgery, and breast reconstruction. Specific natural products, such as gums (xanthan, gellan, arabic, guar, ghatti gum), chitosan, collagen are discussed in separate chapters. In addition, various application of natural product loaded PCL and PLA scaffolds have also been discussed. Each chapter focuses on the application of these natural product based scaffolds and explores their potential in tissue engineering. It also covers specific applications of these scaffolds in tissue regeneration, including angiogenesis, bone, skin, and nerve tissue regeneration. The book addresses important considerations regarding the toxicity and regulatory aspects of natural product-based scaffolds and explores the challenges associated with their implementation and emphasizes the need for safety and compliance in their use. Overall, the book provides a comprehensive overview of the field. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, and professionals in the field of tissue engineering.

This book is a compilation of eight chapters on the advancements in Biology. The first chapter comprehensively reviews advancements and challenges in utilizing extracellular polymers as materials with biomedical applications. The second chapter discusses the current mechanisms of tubulointerstitial fibrosis progression and the increasingly important role of the proximal tubule injury in driving inflammation and fibrosis. Chapter Three will discuss using computational analysis, in vitro experiments, and applied methods to provide a comprehensive approach to target the synthesis of polymeric substances in pathogenic bacteria. Chapter Four is a short review of such an approach with a special focus on the use of combinatorial peptide ligand libraries (CPLL), extensively applied in proteomics investigations, for the enrichment of very low-abundance proteins in view of their identification and individual quantitation. Chapter Five is a short review of an approach that will improve the sensitivity of analytical methods, with a special focus on the use of combinatorial peptide ligand libraries (CPLL), extensively applied in proteomics investigations, for the enrichment of very low-abundance proteins in view of their identification and individual quantitation. Chapter Five goes on to discuss the function of Cyclo (L-Phenylalanine-L-Proline) on the Proteome of Staphylococcus Aureus. In Chapter Six, recent findings and ongoing progress on Pep-triggered immunity are presented, along with the recent findings of Peps orthologs in other plant species. The mechanism of the influence of celestial bodies on activity and the interaction of domains (Α- and Β-Tubulins) with their surroundings are addressed in Chapter Seven. The last chapter highlights the naturally occurring thiolane type cyclic sulfides and their therapeutical potency particularly anticancer activity. Thiolane-type cyclic sulfides are especially synthesized by Allium species.

The book delves into the multifaceted world of migraine pain, offering a profound understanding of its underlying pathophysiology and presenting established treatment strategies for its effective management. It discusses the intricate world of migraine pain, offering valuable insights into its diverse aspects. Starting with an exploration of migraine's epidemiology and etiology and the complex factors contributing to this debilitating headache disorder. This book explores the significance of lifestyle changes and offers practical strategies for incorporation. Furthermore, the impact of diet and nutrients on migraine management is extensively covered, shedding light on their role in alleviating symptoms. This book serves as a comprehensive guide, blending scientific insights with practical approaches, making it an indispensable resource for healthcare professionals, researchers, and individuals seeking a deeper understanding of migraine pain. By addressing both established practices and cutting-edge advancements, it bridges the gap between knowledge and effective management, offering a holistic perspective on this challenging condition.

The book introduces readers to the latest developments in biotechnological methods used for improving the cultivation of silkworms. The text focuses on implementing biotechnological approaches, ranging from basic to advanced techniques, on enhancing silk production, increasing abiotic stress resilience, improving disease tolerance, and developing resistance in silkworm crops. With the current climate crisis and growing demand for high-quality silk, biotechnological applications have become essential in addressing the urgent need to increase silk production. The field of sericulture has made significant breakthroughs, such as identifying DNA markers, linkage association, genome-wide association studies, generating mutants, and introducing transgenic silkworms. Developing silkworms with improved cocoon yield and disease resistance is crucial to boost silk production. The book covers fundamental principles and recent advancements and delves into various methodologies employed inseri-biotechnology for improving silkworm crops. These methodologies include next-generation sequencing for DNA sequencing, using molecular markers to enhance abiotic stress tolerance (specifically high temperature and humidity conditions), expression analysis, RNA interference, gene knockout approaches to bolster disease resistance, and transcriptomics to enhance economically significant parameters such as silk content. The book explains these topics in detail and includes contemporary research appraisals, extensive discussions, and an evaluation of the benefits and risks associated with the use of biotechnological tools. This book serves as an invaluable reference for researchers and academics in biotechnology, molecular biology, and sericulture while also serving as an informative starting point for budding researchers.

Enzymes can help break down plastic waste and make it less harmful to the environment. They can also be used to treat various types of waste, including agricultural and food waste, and wastewater. Enzyme engineering is an important part of chemical biotechnology and helps to keep the environment clean. Making clean and renewable fuels is a priority, and many strategies are being developed to achieve this goal. However, food waste is still a major problem that can harm the environment because most disposal methods are not eco-friendly. This volume aims to inform readers about the latest developments in the use of enzymes for environmental management. This comprehensive resource provides a detailed overview of how enzymes can be used in various sectors to promote ecological sustainability. It covers the composition, properties, characterization, chemistry, and applications of different enzymes in emerging and eco-friendly approaches to waste treatment. It also highlights the latest advancements in sustainable technology and biotechnology enzymes. The book is divided into sections that feature various enzymes used for treating resistant pollutants in wastewater, enzymatically degrading synthetic plastics, and engineering enzymes to impact environmental sustainability positively. It also covers enzymes used in the valorization of waste, enzyme technology in biofuel production, and the recovery of enzymes from food waste. Each chapter presents the enzymes'chemical, physical, and biological attributes and reviews the recent research conducted in this emerging field. The authors hope this document will inspire scientists to explore novel chemical, material, and energy sources in the future and to continue developing innovative applications for enzymes in environmental management.

In our modern world, it is easy to overlook the natural world all around us. Only major life events, such as birth, injury, disease, and death, remind us that we are still biological organisms. We'interact'with nature in controlled and safe environments, such as zoos, theme parks, or through different forms of media. Television shows, films, and books are nearly always in exotic locations (e.g., the Kalahari Desert, the deep ocean, or Antarctica), but they inadvertently reinforce our separation from nature. Biology happens somewhere else. Author Gary Howard seeks to change that perception. The Biology of Us describes the common but fascinating examples of biology and nature that are hidden in plain sight in our daily lives. It focuses on human biology, but describes animals and plants all around, on, and in us to put human features into an evolutionary context. Many aspects of ourselves and our normal activities are examples of evolution: breathing, eating, standing up, communicating, telling time, and more. This book illustrates evolutionary strategies used successfully by common organisms for hundreds of millions of years. Howard shows that the organisms in our daily lives are not trivial neighbors or even pests but are just as amazing as those in the Serengeti or the Galápagos Islands.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been sought to be a potential alternative to the current arsenal of antibiotics against undesirable microbes. AMPs synthesized by lactic acid bacteria have attracted significant attention due to their strong activity against a broad range of bacteria including pathogens. The bacteriocin (an AMP) has been known to us since early 1928, a year before penicillin was reported. This is possibly due to their narrower activity compared to antibiotics. However, several AMPs having promising activity have been thoroughly characterized in the past few decades. Renewed interest has developed focusing on industrially important bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria. Some of these AMPs are also active against food spoilage and clinically important pathogens. Similar to antibiotics, large-scale intellectual screening is ongoing in the search for novel AMPs with unique properties. Recent research has revealed that AMPs may also play a role in maintaining gut microflora and keeping us protected from food-borne pathogens. The ongoing genomic studies suggest that there may be more such bioactive compounds waiting to be explored. This book provides an overview of the fundamental knowledge accumulated so far regarding the diversity and potential applications of AMPs produced by lactic acid bacteria. This updated reference book on AMPs from lactic acid bacteria is timely, covering the most important achievements in the field and providing the scientific community particularly graduate students, researchers, and clinicians with the latest updates. The goal of this book is to illustrate and detail the findings made so far, debate the state of the art, and draw new perspectives.

The book delves into the role of biosimilars in the field of cancer treatment. It also discusses the application of biosimilars in various cancer types, from colorectal and cervical to prostate, gastric, lung, pancreatic, breast, hepatocellular, ovarian, and blood cancers. It contains chapters that focus on the clinical trials of biosimilars, providing insights into the latest research and developments. This book serves as a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers, and anyone seeking a comprehensive understanding of the intersection between biosimilars and cancer treatment.

This book describes the basic concepts and recent advances in new discoveries and technologies related to microbial omics and their role in environmental research and human health. The term'omics'refers to a blend of high-throughput analysis and traditional methods including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics and metabolomics for a variety of applications in the field of life sciences, biomedical sciences, environmental sciences, and related industries. The book aims to fill the existing gap in terms of a comprehensive approach that incorporates recent advances in this dynamic field and provides an answer to why this field requires an interdisciplinary research approach. The focus of this book is on the applications of genomics, epigenomics, metagenomics, integrative omics, machine learning and microbiome research in environmental health, disease, wastewater epidemiology, antibiotic resistance, drug discovery, cancer, production of secondary metabolites of microbial origin, oxidative stress alleviating mechanisms, etc. The overall construction of this book emphasizes three major perspectives, namely, elaborate knowledge from fundamentals to recent advances in technologies about omics in general and its application in microbiology, environment, and health in particular; illustrative figures capable of easy visualization of complex pathways; and serving as a platform for highly demanded bioinformatics strategies including relevant codes, programming scripts, machine learning and use of artificial intelligence strategies needed to streamline the research outcomes. With global contributions from authors from internationally renowned organizations who excel in relevant research, this book will benefit bibliophiles and prospective audiences from the research fraternity, academia, professionals, and experts in the field of life sciences, biomedical as well as industries related to the development of drug design and novel advances in biotechnological applications.

A concise and engaging biology text for biology majors, Understanding Biology 4e partnered with Connect emphasizes fundamentals concepts to help students better understand biology and focus on developing scientific skills. This approach utilizes the Vision and Change guidelines of Core Concepts and Core Skills while helping students begin the process of becoming a scientist.

This book provides insights into the recent developments in the field of bioprocess technology and bioreactor design. Bioprocess engineering or biochemical engineering is a subcomponent of chemical engineering, which encompasses designing and developing those processes and equipment that are required for the manufacturing of products from biological materials and sources, such as agriculture, pharmaceutical, chemicals, polymers, food, etc., or for the treatment of environmental process, for example, waste water. The main focus of this book is to highlight the advancements in the field of bioprocess technology and bioreactor design. The book is divided into various chapters briefing all aspects of bioprocess engineering and focusing on the advances in bioprocess engineering. The book summarizes introduction to bioprocess technology and microbiology, isolation and maintenance of microbial strains, and sterilization techniques for advanced-level students and researchers. Different models depicting kinetics of microbial growth, substrate consumption, and product formation are discussed. The applications of enzymes have increased tremendously and therefore understanding their metabolic pathways to increase yields is also briefly discussed. The calculations of mass and energy balances associated with entropy changes and free energy. This book also covers the approaches for handling different types of cell cultures and current advancements in the area of bioprocess strategies for different culture types, which scientists and researchers working in the different cell cultures can refer to. The downstream processing of various industrially important products is also a part of this book. Apart from that, the process economics which ensures the feasibility and quality of any biological process is also dealt with as the last section of the book.

Mangroves are among the most productive and diverse ecosystems on Earth, providing a range of ecosystem services that benefit millions of people and support global sustainability goals. However, mangroves are also highly vulnerable to climate change impacts, such as sea level rise, storms, salinity changes, and erosion, which threaten their survival and functionality. This book aims to provide researchers with the latest scientific knowledge and practical tools to understand, assess, and enhance the adaptation and resilience of mangroves to climate change. It covers topics such as mangrove ecology and distribution, mangrove ecosystem services and valuation, mangrove adaptation and resilience mechanisms and indicators, mangrove restoration and conservation strategies, mangrove governance and policy frameworks, and mangrove modelling and mapping approaches. The book also showcases case studies from different regions of the world, highlighting the challenges and opportunities of mangrove management in a changing world. The book is intended to serve as a valuable reference and resource for researchers, students, practitioners, policymakers, and anyone interested in mangrove science and management.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of how to utilize the bioconvergence revolution to substantially enhance research productivity. It carefully addresses critical issues such as ethical dilemmas, collaborative dynamics, funding, and operational efficiency, complete with concrete examples of how to overcome these challenges. Historically, the natural world has served as a profound source of inspiration for technological innovation. The natural materials, structures, and processes found in organisms have facilitated numerous scientific advancements. Presently, the integration of nature with scientific research is intensified through convergence. The book explores this convergence as a multidisciplinary approach that leverages the synergies among digital technologies, material sciences, and biotechnology, aiming to significantly accelerate and broaden the scope of scientific breakthroughs. This volume provides a scholarly account of the emerging opportunities catalyzed by bioconvergence, emphasizing the necessity for rigorous ethical frameworks and standards as biotechnologies and digital tools converge to explore new frontiers. It delves into the challenges of financing scientific advancement and articulates how funding underpins multidisciplinary research efforts. Featuring Israel as a leader in this revolutionary field, the book meticulously outlines the Israeli ecosystem as a paradigm of innovation in bioconvergence. This work possesses a broad interdisciplinary appeal, making it an essential resource for researchers in both industry and academia, as well as for scholars and funding bodies dedicated to the advancement of science.

Biology is a traditional, comprehensive introductory biology textbook with coverage from cell structure and function to the conservation of biodiversity and is appropriate for a one- or two-semester biology course. Biology focuses on three themes: systems, evolution, and the nature of science. These themes are integrated into all aspects of the textbook, from the unit learning outcomes to the theme-based feature readings in the text. Recognizing that instructors are increasingly being asked to engage their students while still providing them with a firm foundation in core biological principles, the authors of Biology integrated relevant content throughout the text to better allow students to make connections and think more scientifically.

Naturstoffe sind ein Wunderwerk der Evolution. Pflanzen sind chemische Fabriken und haben mit ihren außergewöhnlichen Eigenschaften eine riesige Anzahl sehr vielfältiger interessanter Naturstoffe hervorgebracht, die wir Menschen seit Jahrhunderten zur Linderung und Heilung von Krankheiten nutzen. Spätestens seit der Entdeckung des Penicillins sind Naturstoffe zu einer wichtigen Quelle für Medikamente geworden, aber wir kennen nur sehr wenige der vermutlich vielen Millionen, die auf ihre Entdeckung warten. Zu den Naturstoffen gehören wichtige Antibiotika, Immunsuppressiva, Antikrebsmittel, Hormone und auch antivirale Wirkstoffe. Aber haben Naturstoffe im Zeitalter der Bio- und Gentechnologie überhaupt noch eine Bedeutung? Ja, mehr denn je, denn Medizinalchemiker holen sich kreative Anregungen für ihre Synthesen aus der Natur, um den nächsten Blockbuster in der Medizin zu entwickeln. Oliver Kayser erzählt in diesem Buch die Geschichte der Naturstoffe und Medizinpflanzen auf höchst informative und amüsante Weise aus einem neuen Blickwinkel. Er geht der Frage nach, wie Naturstoffe aus der Naturheilkunde die pharmazeutische Industrie ins Leben riefen, wie sie als Arznei- und Heilmittel unsere Gesellschaft prägten, wie sie Kriege ermöglichten und den Weg zu Nobelpreisen ebneten. Der Autor zeichnet ein faszinierendes Panorama der Naturstoffchemie in Pflanzen, Mikroorganismen und Tieren. Beginnend mit den ersten Isolierungen zu Anfang der industriellen Revolution führt er uns mit den Ideen und der Begeisterung vieler Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler in die Moderne der Wirkstofftests, der Computerchemie und der höchst erfolgreichen Zufallsentdeckungen von Wirkstoffen. Die Naturstoffforschung im Labor hat einen enormen Einfluss auf unser heutiges Leben. Der Autor lässt sich über die Schulter schauen, wie heute die Suche nach den neuen Medikamenten von morgen funktioniert. Das Buch ist das ultimative Buch aus der Feder eines Wissenschaftlers, der tief in der Forschung verwurzelt ist und dem Leser einen erhellenden und zugleich kurzweiligen Einblick gibt, wie Wissenschaftler ticken und wie mühsam Forschung sein kann.

This essential is intended as a compact reference for issues and aspects related to the innovative training technology of whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS). In addition to background and information on WB-EMS application, in which the authors pay particular attention to safe and effective use, there is a current overview of research results summarizing the effects of WB-EMS on various target outcomes. Finally, a characterization of the market situation, current trends and a forecast of developments in the field of WB-EMS is presented.

Emergence of lifestyle diseases, e.g., type II diabetes, cancers, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, liver cirrhosis, etc., are exponentially increasing day by day. Modern drifts toward the utilization of herbal medicines in different healthcare aspects necessitate (demand) the replacement of synthetic molecules with phytoconstituents because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, economic extraction process, and ready availability from the natural source. This book provides a thorough insight into the comprehensive and up-to-date trends of phytomedicines in the management of lifestyle diseases and its mechanisms, modern methods of extraction and purification of phytoconstituents, and chemical characterization as well as standardization of phytoconstituents using modern equipments.

Among the aims of the present book is to educate locals about the danger of this group of fishes as part of a public education and awareness program that should be initiated in the coastal areas. It is therefore important to identify and assess the hazards posed by various fishes in each region and bring the results to public attention. In addition, at locations where hazards involving dangerous fish have been identified, procedures should be developed for treating any injuries sustained. This book will be a reference book to both Academic and students in different disciplines of knowledge to use in their research on fishes of New Zealand and the Pacific. The scholars interested in fish fauna of New Zealand will use this book as a guide to compare the dangerous fish fauna of New Zealand with those of the other parts of The Pacific regions.

The success of modern-day agriculture lies in the digitalization of agricultural systems. The primary aim of this book is to provide a starting point to understand the fundamentals and design of digital agriculture systems with reference to the enabling technologies that deal with the production, improvement, and protection of crops/plants and livestock. The other associated objectives of this book include the explanation of the design and deployment of IoT-based digital agriculture systems in such a simple way that agriculture students understand straightforwardly. Therefore, this book is an effort to partially fill the gap associated with the understanding of the development and deployment of digital agriculture systems (including both precision and smart farming). We believe that with the provided details of enabling technologies and their usage in digital agriculture systems, agriculture students will find it easier to comprehend the designing of small-/large-scale IoT-based digital agriculture systems. This book provides insight into different technologies, architectures, and case studies that will ultimately help students to understand the concept of Digital Agriculture and its related applications. It enables students to realize the importance of open issues and future challenges of digital agriculture systems.

This book presents research findings on newly discovered pests and diseases that may be impacted by climate change in the tropics; current management techniques including molecular diagnostics, integrated pest management (IPM), and agroecological approach; and recent technological advancements used as preventive and curative approaches to mitigate the effects of plant pests and diseases. Combining the expertise of leading researchers in the various fields, the book provides a useful reference for all relevant stakeholders. The proposed book is prepared with the aim of disseminating the current research development of emerging pests and diseases in the tropics in the era of climate change as well as new and eco-friendly pest and disease management technologies of tropical crops. The book is divided into three parts with sixteen chapters. Part 1: Advances in Tropical Insect Pest Management consists of five chapters describing the discovery, formulations, and applications of nature-based solutions such as natural enemies of insects, insect hormones, botanicals, and microorganisms for sustainable pest management. Part 2: Advances in Tropical Plant Disease Management consists of seven chapters, describing the causal agents of economically important diseases of tropical crops, rapid pathogen detection systems as well as effective and sustainable disease management strategies. Part 3: Advances in Other Tropical Pests Management consists of four chapters detailing the various eco-friendly pest management of vertebrates, mollusks, weeds, and emerging IR4.0 technologies in pest management. Ideas for future volumes on this subject: Volume II would be a follow-up to Volume I. It covers emerging pests and diseases of the tropics in greater depth, with a focus on specific hosts and diseases. Robust pests and disease management technologies utilized in crop protection in tropical areas by the farmers will be discussed as well.

The Living World is often considered a studentfavorite, focusing on concepts rather than terminology and technicalinformation. It features a straightforward,conversational writing style and a wide variety of media assets to enhance thecontent of the textbook. Every chapter of this 11th edition focuses directly onthe relevance of its content to today's students. The 11th edition of TheLiving World includes contributions and pedagogy from new coauthor, Dr.Joel Bergh.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction and review of state-of-the-art biotechnological tools in enhancement of bioactive compounds in medicinal and aromatic plants. Plant bioactive compounds are plant-based natural products that display a variety of pharmacological applications. These bioactive compounds are important as medicines, pigments, flavorings and drugs because most of the pharmaceutical industries are highly dependent on medicinal plants and their extraction. The book introduces a systematic overview of state-of-the-art biotechnological techniques such as Omics, Crisper /Cas9 and RNAi to enhance the plant bioactive contents as well as enlists various in vitro techniques, hairy root culture and transgenic technology to enhance plant bioactive contents using plant tissue culture approaches. The book also provides an overview of the role of induced mutation, biotic and abiotic stress to increase the bioactive contents in plants and discusses the significant role of endophytes to enhance the contents of plant bioactive compound. The book also opens discussions related to standard operating procedures using hydroponics system of cultivation for significant enhancement of bioactive compound(s) and much more. This book serves as an excellent reference book for the researchers working in the field of plant secondary metabolites and pharmaceutical industries at global level.

The textbook is designed to provide a'non-intimidating'entry to the field of mathematical biology. It is also useful for those wishing to teach an introductory course. Although there are many good mathematical biology texts available, most books are too advanced mathematically for most biology majors. Unlike undergraduate math majors, most biology major students possess a limited math background. Given that computational biology is a rapidly expanding field, more students should be encouraged to familiarize themselves with this powerful approach to understand complex biological phenomena. Ultimately, our goal with this undergraduate textbook is to provide an introduction to the interdisciplinary field of mathematical biology in a way that does not overly terrify an undergraduate biology major, thereby fostering a greater appreciation for the role of mathematics in biology

Biology affects every aspect of our lives, but its marvels can often seem mysterious. Here, at last, is an enjoyable read that will help you make sense of it all.From the origins of life to the structure of modern ecosystems, follow the story of life on Earth, stopping along the way to understand key developments and how they have shaped our planet.Lindsay Turnbull teaches biology at the University of Oxford, and here she has written the perfect accompaniment to those hard-to-read textbooks. This book is indispensable both for students of biology and anyone curious about how life works.

This book reviews all important aspects of Microbial sustainability in food production and food safety with the aim of shedding new light on these microbes through combined understanding of traditional and novel paradigms. The book is divided into three sections, the first of which reinterprets fundamentals of food microbiology, examining the beneficial aspects of microorganisms in food and microbial responses from food environments and preservation. The second section discusses recent advances in understanding of the sustainable food production, covering, for example, agriculturally important microbes, farming microbes, and fermentation. A wide range of bio-factory issues in food production are also addressed, before turning attention to contemporary food safety approaches in the context of novel assessment methods for microbiological food characterization, improving food safety and food quality, etc. The final section is devoted to public health and its importance of microorganisms in food processing as well as the economic importance of microorganisms as this is also an increasingly important area as we move toward microbial research advances.

This book provides a meticulous view on methodological drug discovery and development insights from bench to bedside. The current book threads almost each step encompassing drug the discovery and development of a molecule. The chapters focus on computational modus operandi, pharmacological optimization approaches, modern high-throughput screening methods and in-vitro procedures, role of structural biologists in drug discovery and development, medicinal chemistry approaches for drug design, formulation and drug delivery, in-vivo evaluations of candidate molecules, clinical trial procedures and others. The book also covers specific case studies, regulatory approval proceedings, and industrial view point alongside the aforementioned conceptual layout. And at the same time, the volume integrates medical, biological, medicinal, pharmacological and computational streams, and it is suggested as an ideal guideline to a wide audience including molecular biologists, biochemist, pharmacologists, medicinal chemist, toxicologists, drug discovery and development researchers, and all other students interested in these disciplines.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between pantheism and ecology, particularly considering different cultural approaches and diverse religious, theological, and philosophical traditions. Environmental ethics arises from the dangerousness and harmfulness of human beings with respect to nonhuman species and, more generally, with respect to the environment. A common starting point for environmental ethics standpoints is that human beings are responsible for damaging nature. The famous four laws of ecology drafted by Barry Commoner precisely express this guilt on the part of human beings, who very often voluntarily violate the behavioral indications that emerge from nature itself. These aspects concern environmental ethics outlooks. Eco-theology, then, takes a further step: not only do we damage the ecosystem but also, as many authors suggest, when we humans destroy the natural world, we are wounding God. Such an idea implies a possible coincidence of God with the natural world –or the ecosystem. From this assumption, different questions may emerge: what is the kind of coincidence between God and the natural world? Are God and the ecosystem coextensive? If so, are we re-sacralizing the natural world and grounding intrinsic values in theological postulates and statements? These questions lead us to reconsider the cosmological assumptions that ground our environmental judgements, from theology to different religious traditions and cultures to philosophical worldviews. In particular, we will focus on the cosmological assumptions of pantheism (considering its differences with panentheism), discussing the symmetrical (or asymmetrical) relationships between God and the finite ways in which God manifests Godself.In this regard, the book is divided into three main parts: in the first part, the question of pantheism is approached from different traditions and with a special focus on the main thinkers in the history of thought, from Greek Stoicism to the present day. In the second part, some current ecological concerns are considered in relation to pantheistic cosmology: the authors will deepen issues from the discussion of the different “pan-conceptions” to the problem of evil, to Anthropocene. Finally, in the third part, the different chapters will focus on ethical issues in the field of the current environmental crisis with a huge connection with the pantheistic cosmologies. This book is oriented to a wide public, interested in environmental issues and looking for an approach from different cultures and traditions. Evidently, due to its “academic” nature, this book is also intended to be a great support for researchers interested in eco-theology and, more specifically, in the relationship between pantheism and ecology.It is not, in this sense, a “classic” book on environmental ethics, but a book that delves into the fundamentals of environmental philosophy, privileging the Ibero-American approach.

This textbook is an introductory guide to applied machine learning, specifically for biology students. It familiarizes biology students with the basics of modern computer science and mathematics and emphasizes the real-world applications of these subjects. The chapters give an overview of computer systems and programming languages to establish a basic understanding of the important concepts in computer systems. Readers are introduced to machine learning and artificial intelligence in the field of bioinformatics, connecting these applications to systems biology, biological data analysis and predictions, and healthcare diagnosis and treatment. This book offers a necessary foundation for more advanced computer-based technologies used in biology, employing case studies, real-world issues, and various examples to guide the reader from the basic prerequisites to machine learning and its applications.

This book explains the potential value of microbiome and microbiome composition associated with human health and diseases. The opening chapters describe the current state of knowledge regarding the human microbiome structure, function, and diversity. The mechanisms of action and the various putative uses of human microbiome are then examined specific to healthy and disease conditions. Readers will find detailed information on its manipulation of human microbiome studies as well as its applied and translational aspects in the current field. The latest knowledge on probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics is presented, and specific cases to date are discussed. This book features knowledge from leading researchers working on different aspects of the human microbiome and its manipulation for better health. Overall, this book is an excellent source for microbiome researchers and students from all levels seeking the most up-to-date advancements in the field and also to point toward the future directions.

This new volume of the book series Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology provides a complete and exhaustive overview of the morphofunctional organization of the mammalian carotid body, a polymodal chemosensory organ responsible for the maintenance of blood gas homeostasis. The authors review the state of the art of the neurochemical anatomy of carotid body´s cell populations with a special reference to their structural and neurochemical plasticity. The essential role of this organ in the generation, progression and maintenance of cardiorespiratory and metabolic diseases in humans and other mammals is presented. Finally, the book summarizes current knowledge on the stem cell niche in the mammalian carotid body and discusses its contribution to replacement cell therapy and other potential applications in translational research. This book represents an essential reading for physiologists, anatomists, cell, and developmental biologists, as wellas physicians, veterinarians, and biomedical researchers.