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This collection showcases a wide range of empirical studies in didactic audiovisual translation (DAT), fostering replication of the present work to encourage future research and further expansion of DAT's applications in language learning settings. The book seeks to offer a complementary perspective with the spotlight on empirical work, building on previous lines of inquiry rooted in descriptive analysis and the “experimental turn.”The volume is divided into three parts, aiming to bring together disparate studies from a range of classroom contexts and educational levels which draw on a mixed-methods approach in one place. The first part features research on captioning, or written language transfer, while the second includes on studies on revoicing, or oral language transfer. A final section looks at combined studies integrating both revoicing and captioning, while looking ahead to possibilities for new lines of empirically grounded research on the use of audiovisual modes at the intersection of translation and foreign language education.This volume will be of interest to students and scholars in audiovisual translation, translation studies, language education, and technology and language learning.

Esta obra, de carácter colectivo, compila un conjunto de trabajos científicos que se han abocado al análisis de problemáticas educativas, el desarrollo de experiencias innovadoras y estudios de profesionales que se sitúan desde diversos ámbitos disciplinares. Con todo, este libro busca aportar en forma global al conocimiento compartido en la educación por medio de múltiples líneas de trabajo, las que de seguro servirán de base para la reflexión y futuras vías de intervención en el quehacer formativo vinculado con la docencia. Los capítulos que estructuran esta construcción colectiva se encuentran escritos en castellano, catalán e inglés y examinan cuestiones tan relevantes como el uso del cine como recurso didáctico, la planificación centrada en la familia, la prevención de la violencia de género, la educación a distancia, la tecnología educativa y la inteligencia artificial, la incorporación de metodologías innovadoras en las aulas, el fomento de la creatividad, nuevas formas de evaluación del alumnado, la educación inclusiva, la orientación educativa, la literatura y la promoción de la lectura, entre otras cuestiones que son de alto interés en el ámbito educativo. Como editores de este volumen deseamos ensalzar el esfuerzo y mimo aplicado por los autores y autoras en la elaboración y presentación de sus textos, los que dan cuenta de los diversos ámbitos de conocimiento en los que se encuentran trabajando e investigando para aportar al mejoramiento de los procesos educativos. A su vez, destacamos la generosidad demostrada al compartir sus hallazgos, sus cavilaciones profesionales y sus intereses científicos con el resto de la comunidad educativa y académica. Deseamos que la lectura de los capítulos aquí contenidos surtan de nuevas motivaciones para generar conocimiento que logre introducir cambios y mejoras en las prácticas educativas.

The Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology is a comprehensive, introductory-level reference work that aims to unite readers in the wonders of this discipline. Fish live in almost every water system on this planet and represent more than half of all vertebrate species alive today. Fish physiology is a massive field of study and can be difficult to penetrate as most texts are written for readers with a post-secondary education in biology. This Encyclopedia aims to capture the interest of a more diverse group of readers, leading readers from core concepts to application in topics as far ranging as reproductive behaviours to surviving sub-zero temperatures. For example, from a foundation of heart anatomy, oxygen transport, and exercise physiology, readers can appreciate the challenges faced by migratory fish as river temperatures increase with climate change. The work aims and showing why biologists around the world choose to study fish physiology and what can be gained from such study. Chapters highlight where physiological systems and processes are conserved across vertebrate groups, which supports the use of fish as a vertebrate model for investigating fundamental problems in physiology and knowledge transfer to the medical field. Other chapters highlight unique specializations and adaptations that allow fish to survive in challenging environments, leading to a deeper appreciation of the natural world. Finally, other chapters demonstrate the consequences of perturbing physiological systems and how this knowledge can empower conservation strategies to protect fish. Much has changed in the field of fish physiology since publication of the previous, Prose award winning, edition. For example, we understand better the impacts of global climate change on the physiological systems of fish, and we have gained a deeper mechanistic understanding of physiological processes through technological advancements such as gene editing with CRISPR, whole genome sequencing, and quantitative'omic` approaches. The new edition will greatly expand the closing thematic section focused on applying fish physiology to real world challenges with topics including ocean acidification, declining habitat quality due to human activities, and the use of zebrafish in biomedical studies on tissue regeneration, neurological disorders and cancer. A new feature of the Encyclopedia is including presentation-ready summary slides of key concepts presented in each chapter, which will be a valuable tool for educators wishing to incorporate the Encyclopedia into class resources. All authors will be encouraged to enhance their chapters with multimedia features such as videos (ex. in fish behaviour chapters) and virtual microscope (ex. chapters on tissue morphology). - Comprehensive single resource on fish physiology that covers a diverse range of topics to educate and fascinate - Written by leading experts in the field, offering topical overviews with a suggested reading list for those wanting to learn more - Structured, accessible chapters include graphical and bulleted summaries that can be used as teaching material - Follows a set template, making the work consistent and easy to navigate

The concept behind this book is to take a holistic view of food texture, starting with the determination of food texture, its perception in the mouth, and its measurement by both sensory and instrumental methods, and to examine the relation between them. The book has been divided into four sections: Fundamentals, Sensory and Human Interactions, Instrumental Analysis, and Food Products. Essentially we cover the techniques used for measuring food texture, and then apply them to the different product groups. Readers of the first edition will notice the title has changed, with the adoption of the term texturology. In the long history of food texture research, texturology has been occasionally used in literature. The term texturology has not been widely accepted by texture researchers (texturologists) because of their concern over whether the theories and techniques are broad and strong enough to support texture research as a scientific discipline. During the 24 years since the publication of the first edition, the editors have observed vast developments in theories as well as the assessment methodology of food texture (both sensory and instrumental) and these have shaped our understanding. This second edition brings the science up to date by introducing topics not previously covered (e.g. psychophysics, tribology, oral processing, texture maps and special foods for dysphagia patients). It includes an exposé of the instruments to measure food texture, and also considers techniques for measuring consumer perception of food texture (in addition to the sensory properties). Additionally, it amends omissions from the first edition such as dairy products; fish; bakery products; and, sugar confectionery, asproduct groups. All in all it is expanded and updated in its coverage of food texturology, as a coherent scientific discipline.

This handbook provides an overview on wood science and technology of unparalleled comprehensiveness and international validity. It describes the fundamental wood biology, chemistry and physics, as well as structure-property relations of wood and wood-based materials. The different aspects and steps of wood processing are presented in detail from both a fundamental technological perspective and their realisation in industrial contexts. The discussed industrial processes extend beyond sawmilling and the manufacturing of adhesively bonded wood products to the processing of the various wood-based materials, including pulp and paper, natural fibre materials and aspects of bio-refinery. Core concepts of wood applications, quality and life cycle assessment of this important natural resource are presented. The book concludes with a useful compilation of fundamental material parameters and data as well as a glossary of terms in accordance with the most important industry standards. Written and edited by a truly international team of experts from academia, research institutes and industry, thoroughly reviewed by external colleagues, this handbook is well-attuned to educational demands, as well as providing a summary of state-of-the-art research trends and industrial requirements. It is an invaluable resource for all professionals in research and development, and engineers in practise in the field of wood science and technology.

This book is a rich resource of important information on coldwater fish farming and coldwater fisheries management, including new research and recent technological advances. It aims to provide an understanding of the underlying mechanisms of coldwater physiology of fishes, which is essential for effective fishery management and for taking advantage of their vast potential application in aquaculture.Coldwater Fisheries and Aquaculture Management: Technology for Sustainable Food Production elaborates on key aspects associated with reproductive biology and endocrinology of coldwater fishes, such as gonadal development and maturation, vitellogenesis, steroidogenesis, whole genome information of fishes, transcriptomics, proteomics, and more. It also looks at genetic modification of coldwater fishes, phytobiotic-based feed to attain profitability in aquaculture, and the nutritional requirements of coldwater fishes, such as plant-based proteins in fish diets and feeding carbohydrates to fish. It also describes the beneficial dietary nutrition of fish consumption by humans.Several chapters address the various challenges to coldwater fish and fishery management, such as fish bacterial diseases (along with their immune components and defense mechanisms), unpredictable nature of climate change on fish, water pollution, etc. The volume also offers strategies on the sustainable management of fish that include looking at pollution in freshwater ecosystems, biotechnological interventions, predicting threats to fish from climate change, and other factors.This volume will be of value to those in fishery management and fish science as well as to marine researchers, faculty and students, and other involved with aquaculture science and management.

Senescence, Senotherapeutics and Mitochondria, Volume 136 offers updates on this unique topics, with chapters covering Cellular Senescence in Aging: Molecular Basis, Implications and Therapeutic Interventions, Mitochondria-associated Cellular Senescence Mechanisms: Biochemical and Pharmacological Perspectives, Mitochondria in cell senescence: Friend or Foe?, The role of mitochondria and mitophagy in cell senescence, Small molecules targeting mitochondrial dysfunction for potential senotheraputics, Senolytic and senomorphic interventions to defy senescence-associated mitochondrial dysfunction, Mitochondrial targeting peptides and probes, Mitochondria-derived peptides in healthy ageing and therapy of age-related diseases, and much more. Other sections cover Targeting of mitostasis-proteostasis axis by antioxidant polysaccharides in neurodegeneration, Phytotherapeutic targeting of the mitochondria in neurodegenerative disorders, Melatonin as mitochondria-targeted drugs, Coenzyme Q-related compounds to maintain healthy mitochondria during aging, Changing ROS, NAD and AMP: a path to longevity via mitochondrial therapeutics, and more. - Updates on how mitochondria are closely related to the survival of senescent cells using either mitochondria-targeted senolytic or redox modulator senomorphic strategies - Differentiates itself from other books with its multidisciplinary perspectives and multidimensional clinical approaches - Offers a novel perspective on both the basic and clinical sciences for a wide group of well-established academicians, students and researchers in medicinal chemistry, gerontology, geriatrics, oncology, pharmacology, pathology, bioinformatics, sports science and nutritional sciences

This edited book presents the emerging sustainable innovations in all areas of aquaculture in Africa with a view to create an opportunity whereby scientific outputs and recommendations can be endorsed for improved aquaculture outputs towards poverty alleviation and food security on the continent. Food insecurity and poverty are some of the challenges faced on the African continent. These challenges are further exacerbated by the growing human population and the impacts of climate change. Today, aquaculture has become one of the fastest food producing sectors in the world, with the potential to contribute significantly to food security and poverty alleviation in developing countries. In Africa, aquaculture is at an infant stage, however, many African countries have recognized the potential roles of aquaculture in food security, poverty alleviation and conservation of aquatic resources through their commitment to achieve the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals. The book reviews and synthesize research work from these thematic areas across Africa and provide a unique perspective on the emerging aquaculture innovations and illustrate how aquaculture practices could be feasible and cost effective while promoting social and environmental sustainability. The book also draws from global discussions on sustainable aquaculture practices and provides recommendations on what is feasible for Africa. This book is a great tool for the university students, scholars, aquaculture farmers, investors, and policymakers to understand the scientific based sustainable aquaculture innovations from an African perspective. This book is focused on SDG 2 and SDG 14.

Translation and interpreting can be seen as two special sub-types of bilingual communication. The field of bilingualism—from developmental, cognitive, and neuroscientific perspectives—is highly relevant to Translation and Interpreting Studies.The Routledge Handbook of Translation, Interpreting and Bilingualism is the first handbook to bring together the related, yet disconnected, fields of bilingualism and translation and interpreting studies. Edited by leading scholars and authored by a wide range of established authorities from around the world, the Handbook is divided into six parts and encompasses theories and method, the development of translator and interpreter competence and cognitive, neuroscientific and social aspects.This is the essential guide to bilingualism for advanced students and researchers of Translation and Interpreting studies and key reading on translation and interpreting for those studying and researching bilingualism.

This book is focused on the history of cancer research. It follows the evolution of techniques and their applications in the diagnosis, treatment and management of cancer, from genetics to omics and finally the discovery of biomarkers. The book also discusses the present scenario in cancer development and management, and describes the importance of understanding cancer biology using microRNA, novel sequencing, and machine-learning approaches to determine DNA mutations. The book will be of value to students, research scholars, scientists, and innovators.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 9th International Work-Conference on IWBBIO 2020, held in Maspalomas, Gran Canaria, Spain, in June 2022. The total of 75 papers presented in the proceedings, was carefully reviewed and selected from 212 submissions. The papers cover the latest ideas and realizations in the foundations, theory, models, and applications for interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research encompassing disciplines of computer science, mathematics, statistics, biology, bioinformatics, and biomedicine.

This book provides the latest information on the significance of zebrafish as an ideal model for researching the biomedical field, with references. This book also focused on the evidence of zebrafish as a model in cardiovascular, neurologic, psychiatric and metabolic research. In addition, the book also includes the research carried out on zebrafish in hepatic, renal, ophthalmic, and ENT related areas. Contributed chapters come from the most prominent laboratories working in this field, which provides a unique perspective on zebrafish models from a wide spectrum of the research community. In addition, the book offers a detailed analysis of the most current research in the area for specific zebrafish models including specific research in the area of skin disorders, endocrine diseases, nutritional disorders, gastrointestinal, hematological disorders and cancer. The compilation of chapters in the volume culminates into a comprehensive and definitive text on zebrafish and its suitability for modeling various diseases, providing a critical resource on the potential attributes of the zebrafish as a pharmacological model. In terms of scope, this book is a useful tool for young researchers, professors and pharmaceutical scientists for understanding the significance of zebrafish as an emerging pharmacological model that can significantly aid in the process of drug discovery and development.

Pensar el estudio de la comunicación como una'guerra'implica reconocer que este no es un campo de estudio delimitado por una sola disciplina o una estricta definición del concepto'comunicación'. Exige, también, identificar diversas tradiciones de investigación, así como explorar los principales dilemas que han guiado varias disciplinas en distintas épocas históricas y latitudes del mundo. Esta colección de tres volúmenes propone analizar la comunicación y los medios desde diversas trincheras. Estos diversos panoramas enfoques, tradiciones, épocas, escuelas, autores y sus preocupaciones dialogan entre sí. No hay consensos definitivos; pero tampoco perdedores o ganadores en el debate. La'guerra'consiste, entonces, en identificar lo que está en juego; reconocer la diversidad de opiniones e intereses, y; considerar el vasto arsenal disponible para resolver los grandes dilemas de la comunicación. Volumen III. Preguntas y metodolgías de investigación Este tercer volumen de la colección La comunicación y sus guerras teóricas analiza las principales preguntas y metodologías que han guiado la investigación y la docencia en esta área de estudio. Las aportaciones de las y los autores giran en torno a tres ejes que, de modo general y como revisan los dos tomos anteriores, organizan este campo de estudio: (1) el poder aparentemente ilimitado de los medios; (2) los efectos y los usos de la información, y; (3) el papel que juegan las audiencias en los procesos de comunicación masiva. Organizados en estos tres apartados, los capítulos de este tomo analizan las principales preguntas y las metodologías de investigación que han resultado útiles ante los dilemas que impone el poder de los medios, las perpetuas revoluciones tecnológicas, el constante flujo de contenidos mediáticos o la multiplicación de roles que adquieren las audiencias ante nuevas plataformas, tendencias comunicativas y espacios de participación. El objetivo en esta revisión es exhortar a las nuevas generaciones a plantear alternativas ante retos (quizá aparentemente) insólitos e incluso infranqueables a los que nos enfrentan la comunicación y los medios en estas primeras décadas del siglo XXI.

The book covers a wide topic collection starting from essentials of Computational Intelligence to advance, and possible application types against COVID-19 as well as its effects on the field of medical, social, and different data-oriented research scopes. Among these topics, the book also covers very recently, vital topics in terms of fighting against COVID-19 and solutions for future pandemics. The book includes the use of computational intelligence for especially medical diagnosis and treatment, and also data-oriented tracking-predictive solutions, which are key components currently for fighting against COVID-19. In this way, the book will be a key reference work for understanding how computational intelligence and the most recent technologies (i.e. Internet of Healthcare Thing, big data, and data science techniques) can be employed in solution phases and how they change the way of future solutions. The book also covers research works with negative results so that possibledisadvantages of using computational intelligence solutions and/or experienced side-effects can be known widely for better future of medical solutions and use of intelligent systems against COVID-19 and pandemics. The book is considering both theoretical and applied views to enable readers to be informed about not only research works but also theoretical views about essentials/components of intelligent systems against COVID-19/pandemics, possible modeling scenarios with current and future perspective as well as solution strategies thought by researchers all over the world.

DRUG TRANSPORTERS Drug transporter fundamentals and relevant principles and techniques, featuring new and expanded chapters Drug Transporters: Molecular Characterization and Role in Drug Disposition provides in-depth analysis of the conceptual evolution and technical development for studying drug transporters. Contributions by an international panel of leading researchers address advances in transporters as drug targets, transporters in pharmacotherapy, the impact of transporters on drug efficacy and safety, the development of sophisticated model systems and sensitive assay methods, and more. Divided into two parts, the book first provides a thorough overview of relevant drug transporters before detailing the principles of drug transport and associated techniques. The updated and expanded third edition includes new chapters on in vitro-in vivo scale-up of drug transport activities, the ontogeny of drug transporters, the application of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling, and the use of transporters as therapeutic targets for diseases. Reflects the current state of the field and offers perspectives on future directions Covers basic knowledge, clinical outcomes, and emerging discoveries in transporter science Provides up-to-date information on drug transporter families, mechanisms, and clinical implications Includes extensive references and numerous figures and tables throughout Understandable for novices while offering sufficient depth for more experienced researchers, Drug Transporters: Molecular Characterization and Role in Drug Disposition, Third Edition is an excellent textbook for pharmacological or physiological science courses in drug/membrane transport, and an invaluable reference for academic or industrial scientists working in the transporter field and related areas of drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics.

Role of Nutrigenomics in Modern-day Healthcare and Drug Discovery presents novel insights into how these tools can be applied in the study of nutrient-gene interaction for the management of certain disease conditions without using synthetic drugs or other treatments that come with side effects. Divided into three parts, Part I presents chapters that give background information of the subject while laying a framework for other chapters to follow. Part II presents chapters that discuss the role of nutrigenomics in healthcare, while Part III presents chapters that discuss the role of nutrigenomics in modern day drug discovery. Written by a global team of experts from key institutions around the world, this book is useful for drug developers, medicinal chemists, public health scientists, molecular biologists, biochemists, toxicologists and food scientists. - Provides readers with background information on the role of nutrigenomics in healthcare, with a focus on emerging topics in nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics - Presents chapters that discusses the role of nutrigenomics in the modern day drug discovery for the treatment and management of diseases - Includes a wide array of definitions, methods, summaries, figures and tables to aid readers with understanding and application

Nutritional Biochemistry: From the Classroom to the Research Bench aims to provide students and readers with a detailed, simplified, and comprehensive account of the relationship between nutrition and metabolism.A key feature of this textbook is a comparative approach on the subject of nutritional biochemistry which helps to explain the differences in metabolism, nutrient requirement, and sometimes in the molecular pathways between mammalian and non-mammalian species.Chapters give an overview of the need of food and water (chapter 1), before describing the cell and organ system components (chapter 2). The textbook then focuses on the regulation of food intake from the factors influencing appetite to the central and peripheral underlying mechanisms (chapters 3-5).Water intake and regulation in the body are covered (chapter 6), along with key topics of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism (chapters 7, 8, and 9), including their digestion, absorption, transport, utilization, synthesis, degradation, and molecular regulation. A brief summary concludes the book (Chapter 10).This book serves as a textbook for students and faculty in beginner courses in biochemistry and nutrition and is designed to give learners a comprehensive understanding of the topic to help them when considering a career in research.

Ketogenic diets have treated epilepsy for nearly 100 years, yet metabolic therapy has remained obscure and underutilized for most of this time. In recent decades, the clinical efficacy of ketogenic therapy was confirmed definitively for pediatric epilepsy and has now expanded to adult epilepsy. Now, the benefits of metabolic therapy have been extended well beyond epilepsy to additional neurological, metabolic, and genetic disorders, and the importance of metabolic health is recognized as paramount. This new edition of Ketogenic Diet and Metabolic Therapies: Expanded Roles in Health and Disease highlights the growing research and clinical applications of metabolic therapies as effective in disease treatment, reversal and prevention. Emerging mechanisms include the landscape of the microbiome and epigenetics. Consistent with the first observations in 1921, in some cases metabolism-based strategies have proven equal or superior to pharmacological treatments for specific diseases and for treating multiple comorbidities. This second edition commemorates the 100th anniversary of the ketogenic diet, shares new research in this rapidly moving field, and offers a valuable collection of high-resolution color figures. The team of editors for this edition have been working in this area for decades, and in this volume, they have assembled world leaders in this cutting-edge research. As the first academic, interdisciplinary book on ketogenic diet and metabolic therapy, this volume will be crucial during this time of increased appreciation for metabolic health in professionals and the public alike.

La obra que se ha editado con el título, coordinada por profesores de distintas universidades, recoge en sus siete capítulos una reflexión profunda de la innovación pedagógica en la docencia y en la formación de futuros docente; a través de marcos teóricos, análisis de prácticas pedagógicas y experiencias innovadoras. El primer capítulo plantea el aprendizaje significativo y los modelos de intervención socioeducativa como herramientas de transformación social. El segundo capítulo compara las competencias que se exigen a los intérpretes de lengua de signos y a los traductores de lenguas orales. El tercer capítulo analiza el uso del juego y los espacios lúdicos terapéuticos para atender a niños con TDAH. El cuarto propone un uso gamificado de la realidad aumentada y realidad virtual en educación. El quinto capítulo versa sobre la importancia del diseño universal de aprendizaje y la necesidad de formación de los docentes para atender a la diversidad en las aulas. El sexto capítulo plantea las tendencias, retos y oportunidades de la educación para el desarrollo sostenible. En el séptimo capítulo se analiza el modelo flipped learning como alternativa didáctica para la dinamización del aula de música en Educación Secundaria. En el último capítulo se presenta una propuesta para el fomento de la interacción y el aprendizaje colaborativo en los escenarios educativos. Todos ellos, conforman una mirada refrescante a las propuestas pedagógicas actuales. Deseamos que la lectura de esta obra les sea de utilidad en su formación y que les facilite la innovación en sus aulas.

Fish Nutrition, Fourth Edition is an up-to-date, authoritative presentation of all key elements of the nutrition of fish and crustaceans. As aquaculture is rapidly expanding, more than 200 herbivorous and carnivorous species occupy a diverse range of ecological niches, and have therefore evolved to utilize a wide array of food sources. This new edition highlights these differences and covers the complexity and challenges associated with fish nutrition, addressing nutrient requirements to produce high-quality, healthful and sustainable resources, the essential nutrients for fish species, including proteins and amino acids, vitamins, minerals and essential fatty acids, a feed quality assessment, and fish pathology. Led by a team of international experts, this edition provides readers with new information on the use of high-throughput technologies in fish nutrition research, the role of feeds on the community structure of the microbiome, and advances in essential nutrient requirements. - Features expansive updates to the previous edition, including a new chapter dedicated to diet analysis and evaluation - Addresses the roles of fish nutrition and feeds on sustainability and the environmental impacts of aquaculture - Covers basic nutritional biochemistry and applied nutritional topics

Foreign language proficiency is a must for professional translation and interpreting. However, research into Translation and Interpreting-Oriented Language Learning and Teaching (TILLT) is still scarce. As a result, many foreign language lecturers tackle language courses from a general perspective, disregarding the specific linguistic demands that both translation and interpreting place on their practitioners. Against this backdrop, this book brings together scholars who have conducted extensive research into this area. The aim of the volume is thus twofold: on the one hand, to establish international avenues for cooperation, and on the other, to proffer new and updated insights into a subdiscipline of Translation Studies that has not received the same attention as other translation areas.

The Protein Reviews series serves as a publication vehicle for reviews that focus on crucial contemporary and vital aspects of protein structure, function, evolution and genetics. Volumes are published online first, prior to publication in a printed book. Chapters are selected according to their importance to the understanding of biological systems, relevance to the unravelling of issues associated with health and disease, or impact on scientific or technological advances and developments. Volume 21 presents eight review chapters authored by experts in the related fields. The first chapter covers the enzyme squalene monooxygenase and lipid levels and its relevance in health and disease. Chapter two presents a systematic analysis of the structural and functional aspects of heteromeric solute carriers. The third chapter provides a review of the role of CI- in type IV collagen assembly, function, and disease, including future directions for studies. This is followed by a summary in chapter four about the recent progress on defining the roles of the Slit-Robo signaling in bone metabolism and the possible roles of the interaction between Robo and neural epidermal growth factor-like proteins. Chapter five discusses recent data about the evolutionary aspects on structural differences between humans and the nematode in relation to previous knowledge of core proteins and GAG-attachment sites in Chn and CS proteoglycans of C.elegans and humans. The sixth chapter summarizes the immunochemical character of the IGHV1-69-derived RFs and the recognition mechanism of the IGHV1-69-derived RFs. Chapter seven covers regulated alternative translocation and its role as an emerging mechanism to regulate transmembrane proteins. Finally, chapter eight reviews current progress on IL-36 protein and biology and novel investigative tools. This volume is intended for research scientists, clinicians, physicians and graduate students in the fields of biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, immunology and genetics.

This two-volume set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction, UAHCI 2021, held as part of the 23rd International Conference, HCI International 2021, held as a virtual event, in July 2021. The total of 1276 papers and 241 posters included in the 39 HCII 2021 proceedings volumes was carefully reviewed and selected from 5222 submissions. UAHCI 2021 includes a total of 84 papers; they focus on topics related to universal access methods, techniques and practices, studies on accessibility, design for all, usability, UX and technology acceptance, emotion and behavior recognition for universal access, accessible media, access to learning and education, as well universal access to virtual and intelligent assistive environments.

Factors Affecting Neurological Aging: Genetics, Neurology, Behavior, and Diet is a comprehensive reference on the genetic and behavioral features associated with neurological aging and associated disorders. This book discusses the mechanisms underlying neurological aging and provides readers with a detailed introduction to the aging of neural connections and complexities in biological circuitries, as well as the physiological, behavioral, molecular, and cellular features of neurological aging. Finally, this comprehensive resource examines the use of animal modeling of aging and neurological disease. - Provides the most comprehensive coverage on a broad range of topics related to the neuroscience of aging - Features sections on the genetic components that influence aging and diseases of aging - Focuses on neurological diseases and conditions linked to aging, environmental factors and clinical recommendations - Includes more than 500 illustrations and tables

This book explains how stress – either psychological or physical – can activate and/or paralyse human innate or adaptive immunity. Adequate immunity is crucial for maintaining health, both on Earth and in space. During space flight, human physiology is specifically challenged by complex environmental stressors, which are most pronounced during lunar or interplanetary missions. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the book identifies the impact of these stressors – the space exposome – on immunity as a result of (dys-)functions of specific cells, organs and organ networks. These conditions (e.g. gravitation changes, radiation, isolation/confinement) affect immunity, but at the same time provide insights that may help to prevent, diagnose and address immune-related health alterations. Written by experts from academia, space agencies and industry, the book is a valuable resource for professionals, researchers and students in the field of medicine, biology and technology.The chapters “The Impact of Everyday Stressors on the Immune System and Health”, “Stress and Radiation Responsiveness” and “Assessment of Radiosensitivity and Biomonitoring of Exposure to Space adiation” are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This is the first handbook to provide a comprehensive coverage of the main approaches that theorize translation and globalization, offering a wide-ranging selection of chapters dealing with substantive areas of research. The handbook investigates the many ways in which translation both enables globalization and is inevitably transformed by it.Taking a genuinely interdisciplinary approach, the authors are leading researchers drawn from the social sciences, as well as from translation studies. The chapters cover major areas of current interdisciplinary interest, including climate change, migration, borders, democracy and human rights, as well as key topics in the discipline of translation studies. This handbook also highlights the increasing significance of translation in the most pressing social, economic and political issues of our time, while accounting for the new technologies and practices that are currently deployed to cope with growing translation demands.With five sections covering key concepts, people, culture, economics and politics, and a substantial introduction and conclusion, this handbook is an indispensable resource for students and researchers of translation and globalization within translation and interpreting studies, comparative literature, sociology, global studies, cultural studies and related areas.

The Chernobyl disaster of 1986 is among the largest technogenic catastrophes in the history of humankind. The vast territories of Ukraine, Republic of Belarus, Russian Federation as well as bordering European states have been exposed to the contamination by the long-lived radionuclides released from the destroyed nuclear power station. The medical consequences of the Chernobyl catastrophe are being studied for more than three decades. In fact, the increased risk of certain forms of leukemia is among the major stochastic effects of radiation exposure. Nevertheless, the final unambiguous conclusions as to the role of low-dose radiation exposure in the induction of leukemia are still pending. The book presents the results of studies on the diagnosis of various forms of hematological malignancies in Ukrainian patients provided for more than thirty years in the Oncohematology Department of RE Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Among the groups of leukemia patients were the Chernobyl clean-up workers as well as the patients from Ukrainian population (adults and children) inhabiting the territories with different levels of radionuclide contamination. For the first time, some trends in the patterns of hematological malignancies in several sample groups under study have been identified throughout the post-Chernobyl period. The putative association between the low dose radiation exposure and the increasing risk of acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic lymphocytic leukemia has been discussed based on the findings of the authors of the book as well as the data of the available literature.

'This Report extends the concepts and approaches discussed in NCRP Report No. 171 and Commentary No. 24 to further reduce uncertainty in radiation risk assessments at low doses and low dose rates, thereby enhancing the bases for radiation protection guidance'--

pH Interfering Agents as Chemosensitizers In Cancer Therapy, Volume Thirteen, provides a detailed overview of the chemosensitizers for the treatment of cancer spanning from biochemical and structural features to pharmacology and drug-design, including technological applications. The book is structured with innovative outlines and a distinction between experimental and clinical results. The continuous discovery and assessment of the role played by old/new synthetic drugs, natural compounds and technological applications has led to the urgent need of classification in terms of biological activity, mechanism of action, clinical outcomes, cancer cell lines sensible to the treatment, and potentialities to better orient research in this field. Moreover, all the aspects relevant for medicinal chemistry (drug design, structure-activity relationships, permeability data, cytotoxicity, appropriate statistical procedures, and molecular modeling studies) are strictly considered. - Presents a broad view of the topic according to a medicinal chemistry-based approach beyond syntheses and biological assays, focusing on SAR studies, chemoinformatic, drug targeting and molecular modeling - Explains the mechanism of action of the chemosensitizers by means of schemes and figures to facilitate comprehension - Discusses novel targets to explore new possibilities that enhance research in the field

The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Pragmatics provides an overview of key concepts and theory in pragmatics, charts developments in the disciplinary relationship between translation studies and pragmatics, and showcases applications of pragmatics-inspired research in a wide range of translation, spoken and signed language interpreting activities.Bringing together 22 authoritative chapters by leading scholars, this reference work is divided into three sections: Influences and Intersections, Methodological Issues, and Applications. Contributions focus on features of linguistic pragmatics and their analysis in authentic and experimental data relating to a wide range of translation and interpreting activities, including: news, scientific, literary and audiovisual translation, translation in online social media, healthcare interpreting and audio description for the theatre. It also encompasses contributions on issues beyond the level of the text that include the study of interpersonal relationships in practitioner networks and the development of pragmatic competence in interpreter training. Each chapter includes many practical illustrative examples and a list of recommended reading.Fundamental reading for students and academics in translation and interpreting studies, this is also an essential resource for those working in the related fields of linguistics, communication and intercultural studies.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Computational and Corpus-Based Phraseology, Europhras 2019, held in Malaga, Spain, in September 2019.The 31 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 116 submissions. The papers in this volume cover a number of topics including general corpus-based approaches to phraseology, phraseology in translation and cross-linguistic studies, phraseology in language teaching and learning, phraseology in specialized languages, phraseology in lexicography, cognitive approaches to phraseology, the computational treatment of multiword expressions, and the development, annotation, and exploitation of corpora for phraseological studies.

This book presents the latest advances in knowledge of the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases and describes the state of the art in their diagnosis and treatment, including newly emerging management approaches. After an opening section that addresses thyroid physiology and laboratory evaluation, each of the major thyroid diseases and their subtypes is discussed, covering goiter and thyroid nodule, thyroiditis, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis, and thyroid carcinoma. Other conditions that affect thyroid function or induce thyroid dysfunction are also considered, e.g., pregnancy, non-thyroidal disorders, and medication use. The book is designed to assist practitioners to achieve optimal outcomes in clinical routine by providing clear guidance on clinical examination, the use of diagnostic tests, first- and second-line therapies, and follow-up. Chapter have been written by recognized experts in the field.

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism explores a number of major roles of PUFA in the body, including its role as a component of cell membranes and how it provides substrates for the synthesis of lipid second messengers. Recent studies are unraveling the effect of interactions between diet and endocrine factors and genetic and epigenetic variation on the regulation of PUFA biosynthesis in animals. Together, these recent findings provide novel insights into the impact of differences in PUFA supply on health. This book captures these findings in a manner that marks the state-of-the-art, placing them in the wider context of PUFA metabolism and nutritional science. Users will find a comprehensive discussion on the topic that presents the contributions of leading researchers who combine their knowledge to create a cohesive academic resource for researchers, those involved in production, and health policymakers. - Provides a comprehensive view of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism - Describes underlying metabolism on lipids that include polyunsaturated fatty acids - Includes discussions on recent findings on the genetic and epigenetic regulation of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism

This ambitious compendium provides an extensive overview on the'supporting cells'of the vertebrate central nervous system, these being glial cells which far outnumber neurons but are much less understood. Covering multiple aspects of this family of transporters-- from structural properties, to their involvement in signaling and gene expression regulation, this volume presents the most recent research on the roles of glial amino acid transporters as key molecules of brain metabolism and signaling.

Considered the definitive source in its field for over 35 years, Endocrinology: Adult and Pediatric, has been thoroughly updated to reflect today's recent advances in adult and pediatric endocrinology. Unique perspectives from a team of trusted, world-renowned experts ensure this medical reference book remains the most highly-regarded text in the field. Make the best clinical decisions with an enhanced emphasis on evidence-based practice and expert opinions on treatment strategies. Zero in on the most relevant and useful references with the aid of a more focused, concise bibliography. Locate information quickly, while still getting the complete coverage you expect. Now in full color, with special design treatment for at-a-glance pediatric content, helping to distinguish the pediatric content. Expanded coverage for key topics such as pediatric endocrinology and obesity mechanisms and treatment, in addition to today's hot topics in endocrinology, including endocrine disruptors, bariatric surgery, androgen deficiency, genetic causes of obesity, endocrine rhythms, and the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in thyroid cancer. New content addressing the latest advances in testosterone and estrogen replacement, as well as the new causes of calcium and phosphate disorders, new molecular causes of endocrine cancers, new genetic causes of reproductive disorders, and more. Updated clinical guidelines for diabetes, lipid disorders, obesity management, osteoporosis, and more, as well as essential treatment updates for the medical management of acromegaly, Cushing's Disease, hypercalcemia, and diabetes mellitus. New Key Points provide snapshots of what to expect in each chapter, or serve as a refresher of what you just read. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, references, and videos from the book on a variety of devices.